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Zhu Y, Hu ZG, Chen P, Xiao Q, Xiao Y, Jia XY, Dong ZQ, Pan MH, Lu C. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disruption of orf76 as an antiviral therapy against BmNPV in the transgenic silkworm. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134773. [PMID: 39151843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Viral diseases pose a significant threat to livestock husbandry and plant cultivation. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted editing of viral genes offers a promising approach to antiviral therapy. The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an economically important insect susceptible to infection by B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), and viral outbreaks cause severe economic losses to the sericulture industry. Here, we identified BmNPV orf76 as a viral late gene that is highly similar to Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus Ac93. The deletion of orf76 abolished BmNPV proliferation and hindered the production of infectious budded viruses. We generated a transgenic line, Cas9(+)/sgorf76(+), that did not affect the growth or development of the silkworm and demonstrated that the transgenic line Cas9(+)/sgorf76(+) efficiently cleaved orf76 at the sgorf76 site, resulting in large deletions at 120 h post-infection, with no observed off-target effects. Survival analyses revealed that the transgenic line Cas9(+)/sgorf76(+) exhibited significantly higher survival rates than the control lines Cas9(-)/sgorf76(-), regardless of the BmNPV inoculation dose. Additionally, the number of BmNPV DNA copies and the expression levels of viral genes were markedly inhibited in the transgenic line Cas9(+)/sgorf76(+) compared with the control line Cas9(-)/sgorf76(-). The results provide a promising target for Cas9-mediated antiviral therapy against BmNPV, and the findings provide new insights for baculovirus gene function studies and lepidopteran pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin-Yue Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhan-Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Min-Hui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Tang X, Yang Q, Hu S, Guo K, Li Y, Wu Z. Comparative transcriptome reveals importance of export apparatus subunit (ascR) in type III secretion system and its roles on biological properties, gene expression profiles, virulence and colonization of Aeromonas veronii. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133270. [PMID: 38906357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii, an opportunistic pathogen, is known to cause serious infections across various species. In our previous study, we discovered that A. veronii GL2 exhibited a virulence up to ten times greater than that of FO1. To ascertain the factors contributing to the disparity in virulence between the two strains, we conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis. This analysis reveals a significant upregulation (P < 0.05) of the ascR gene in GL2 compared with FO1. Additionally, six differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified within the "Bacterial secretion system" pathway (map03070), with ascR being an essential component of type III secretion system (T3SS). AscR, considered as SctR family export apparatus subunit within the T3SS, has ambiguous roles in the biological properties, gene expression profiles, virulence and colonization of A. veronii. Therefore, we constructed a mutant strain (ΔascR) by homologous recombination. Comparative analysis with the wide-type GL2 reveals no significant differences in terms of colony morphology, growth curve, hemolytic activity and protease activity. However, significant reductions (P < 0.01) were observed in the abilities of biofilm formation and swimming mobility. No remarkable difference was noted in the lengths of flagella. The LD50 value of ΔascR was to be 5.15 times higher than that of GL2. Interestingly, the mRNA expression of ascC, ascD, ascJ and ascI genes in the T3SS, and mshB, mshE, mshK and mshP genes in the MSHA type pili were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) in ΔascR, potentially due to transcriptional compensation. Further analysis of enzymatic biomarkers revealed that ΔascR might not destruct the recognition of innate immune response in host remarkably, but the colonization levels of A.veronii were significantly suppressed (P < 0.01) in ΔascR group. In conclusion, the ascR gene may be a key determinant in regulating the virulence of A. veronii, and the destruction of the T3SS caused by ascR deficiency results in these notable changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Tang
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center for Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qinglin Yang
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center for Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shaoyu Hu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center for Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kefan Guo
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center for Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center for Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhengli Wu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Research Center for Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Lin M, Qian Y, Chen E, Wang M, Ouyang G, Xu Y, Zhao G, Qian H. The Bmtret1 Gene Family and Its Potential Role in Response to BmNPV Stress in Bombyx mori. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:402. [PMID: 38203572 PMCID: PMC10779185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide and participates in physiological activities such as organ formation, energy metabolism, and stress resistance in insects. The Bmtret1 gene family is mainly involved in in the sugar metabolism of silkworm. In the present study, phylogenetic analysis divided 21 Bmtret1 orthologs into three clades. These genes are equally distributed on the nine chromosomes. The cis-elements in the promoter regions of Bmtret1s indicated the possible function of Bmtret1s in response to hormones and environmental stimulus. The qPCR analysis showed the significantly different expression levels of Bmtret1s in different tissues and organs, indicating possible functional divergence. In addition, most Bmtret1s showed disturbed expression levels in response to silkworm nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) stresses. Our results provide a clue for further functional dissection of the Tret1s in Bombyx mori and implicate them as potential regulators of antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (M.L.); (Y.Q.); (E.C.); (M.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yixuan Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (M.L.); (Y.Q.); (E.C.); (M.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Enxi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (M.L.); (Y.Q.); (E.C.); (M.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Mengjiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (M.L.); (Y.Q.); (E.C.); (M.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Gui Ouyang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (M.L.); (Y.Q.); (E.C.); (M.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (M.L.); (Y.Q.); (E.C.); (M.W.); (Y.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (M.L.); (Y.Q.); (E.C.); (M.W.); (Y.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Heying Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; (M.L.); (Y.Q.); (E.C.); (M.W.); (Y.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
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Lu Q, Xu S, Hao Z, Li Y, Huang Y, Ying S, Jing W, Zou S, Xu Y, Wang H. Dinotefuran exposure induces autophagy and apoptosis through oxidative stress in Bombyx mori. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131997. [PMID: 37423129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
As a third-generation neonicotinoid insecticide, dinotefuran is extensively used in agriculture, and its residue in the environment has potential effects on nontarget organisms. However, the toxic effects of dinotefuran exposure on nontarget organism remain largely unknown. This study explored the toxic effects of sublethal dose of dinotefuran on Bombyx mori. Dinotefuran upregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the midgut and fat body of B. mori. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the expression levels of many autophagy and apoptosis-associated genes were significantly altered after dinotefuran exposure, consistent with ultrastructural changes. Moreover, the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins (ATG8-PE and ATG6) and apoptosis-related proteins (BmDredd and BmICE) were increased, whereas the expression level of an autophagic key protein (sequestosome 1) was decreased in the dinotefuran-exposed group. These results indicate that dinotefuran exposure leads to oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis in B. mori. In addition, its effect on the fat body was apparently greater than that on the midgut. In contrast, pretreatment with an autophagy inhibitor effectively downregulated the expression levels of ATG6 and BmDredd, but induced the expression of sequestosome 1, suggesting that dinotefuran-induced autophagy may promote apoptosis. This study reveals that ROS generation regulates the impact of dinotefuran on the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis, laying the foundation for studying cell death processes such as autophagy and apoptosis induced by pesticides. Furthermore, this study provides a comprehensive insight into the toxicity of dinotefuran on silkworm and contributes to the ecological risk assessment of dinotefuran in nontarget organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiliang Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhihua Hao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuye Ying
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenhui Jing
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiyu Zou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yusong Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huabing Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Mei X, Qiao P, Ma H, Qin S, Song X, Zhao Q, Shen D. Bombyx mori Tetraspanin A (BmTsp.A) is a facilitator in BmNPV invasion by regulating apoptosis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 146:104736. [PMID: 37207976 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BmTsp.A (Bombyx mori Tetraspanin A) is one of the four transmembrane proteins which are capable to regulate multiple aspects of the immune response and are involved in various stages of viral invasion of the hosts. This study focused on the sequence features, analysis of expression pattern, as well as the effect of BmTsp.A on BmNPV (Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus) infection in the apoptotic pathway. BmTsp.A features the typical tetraspanins family, including four transmembrane domains and a major large extracellular loop domain. It is highly expressed specifically in the malpighian tubes, and its expression is increased by BmNPV induction for 48 h and 72 h. Overexpression and RNAi (RNA interference) mediated by siRNA reveal that BmTsp.A can promote the infection and replication of the virus. In addition, the overexpression of BmTsp.A regulates BmNPV-induced apoptosis, leading to changes in the expression of apoptosis-related genes and thus affecting viral proliferation. When subjected to stimulation by BmNPV infection, on the one hand, BmTsp.A inhibits Bmp53 through a Caspase-dependent pathway, which consequently promotes the expression of Bmbuffy, thereby activating BmICE to inhibit apoptosis and causing the promotion of viral proliferation. On the other hand, BmTsp.A inhibits the expression of BmPTEN and BmPkc through the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinaseB(AKT) signaling pathway, thus affecting the regulation of apoptosis. To summarize, our results demonstrate that BmTsp.A promotes viral infection and replication by inhibiting apoptosis, which is fundamental for understanding the pathogenesis of BmNPV and the immune defense mechanism of silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghan Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Peitong Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Hengheng Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Siyu Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Xia Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Qiaoling Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
| | - Dongxu Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, China.
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Li K, Dong Z, Dong F, Hu Z, Huang L, Wang J, Chen P, Lu C, Pan M. Transcriptome analysis reveals that knocking out BmNPV iap2 induces apoptosis by inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123482. [PMID: 36736521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is essential for the normal growth, development, and immunity defense of living organisms, and its function and mechanisms have been intensively studied. When viral infection occurs, apoptosis is triggered, causing programmed death of the infected cells. Meanwhile, viruses have also evolved countermeasures to inhibit apoptosis in host cells. We previously constructed a transgenic silkworm line with significantly improved resistance to Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) by knocking out the BmNPV inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (iap2) gene. However, the mechanism of how IAP2 induces apoptosis still needs to be further investigated. Here, the transcriptomes of Cas9(-)/sgiap2 (-) and Cas9(+)/sgiap2(+) strains were analyzed at 48 h after BmNPV infection, and a total of 709 differential genes were obtained. A KEGG analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the oxidative phosphorylation, proteasome, and ribosome pathways. In the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, 41 differentially expressed genes were downregulated, and 12 of these genes were verified by qRT-PCR. More importantly, the knockout of BmNPV iap2 led to the inhibition of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, followed by activated oxidative stress triggered apoptosis, thereby inhibiting the replication of BmNPV in vitro and vivo. The results provide a basis for the analysis of the initiation of apoptosis that can inhibit virus proliferation, and the study presents new ideas for the subsequent creation of resistant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhanqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Feifan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Liang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Minhui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Xu J, Xie X, Ma Q, Zhang L, Li Y, Chen Y, Li K, Xiao Y, Tettamanti G, Xu H, Tian L. Identification of Host Molecules Involved in the Proliferation of Nucleopolyhedrovirus in Bombyx mori. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:14427-14438. [PMID: 36321811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), a foodborne infectious virus, is the pathogen causing nuclear polyhedrosis and high lethality in the silkworm. In this study, we characterized the molecules involved in BmNPV-silkworm interaction by RNA sequencing of the fat body isolated from the virus-susceptible strain P50. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation showed that the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in translation, signal transduction, folding, sorting, and degradation, as well as transport and catabolism, while the downregulated DEGs were predominantly enriched in the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids at 72 h post BmNPV infection. Knockout of the upregulated somatomedin-B and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein, probable allantoicase, trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3, and Psl and pyoverdine operon regulator inhibited the proliferation of BmNPV, while knockout of the downregulated clip domain serine protease 3 and carboxylesterase clade H, member 1 promoted it. The molecules herein identified provide a foundation for developing strategies and designing drugs against BmNPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaole Xie
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiuqin Ma
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kang Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- The Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute of the Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510507, China
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Hanhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ling Tian
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Hu M, Zhu Y, Mo Y, Gao X, Miao M, Yu W. Acetylation of citrate synthase inhibits Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus propagation by affecting energy metabolism. Microb Pathog 2022; 173:105890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Disruption of the lef8 and lef9 to Inhibit Nucleopolyhedrovirus Replication in Silkworms. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061119. [PMID: 35746591 PMCID: PMC9227026 DOI: 10.3390/v14061119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a pathogen that causes severe disease in silkworms. In a previous study, we demonstrated that by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to disrupt the BmNPV ie-1 and me53 genes, transgenic silkworms showed resistance to BmNPV infection. Here, we used the same strategy to simultaneously target lef8 and lef9, which are essential for BmNPV replication. A PCR assay confirmed that double-stranded breaks were induced in viral DNA at targeted sequences in BmNPV-infected transgenic silkworms that expressed small guide RNAs (sgRNAs) and Cas9. Bioassays and qPCR showed that replication of BmNPV and mortality were significantly reduced in the transgenic silkworms in comparison with the control groups. Microscopy showed degradation of midgut cells in the BmNPV-infected wild type silkworms, but not in the transgenic silkworms. These results demonstrated that transgenic silkworms using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to disrupt BmNPV lef8 and lef9 genes could successfully prevent BmNPV infection. Our research not only provides more alternative targets for the CRISPR antiviral system, but also aims to provide new ideas for the application of virus infection research and the control of insect pests.
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Establishment of a Novel Baculovirus–Silkworm Expression System. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10051013. [PMID: 35630456 PMCID: PMC9143162 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10051013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The baculovirus vector expression system is a well-established tool for foreign protein production and gene delivery. In this study, we constructed a recombinant baculovirus vector system. The UAS promotor region and Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) polyhedrin coding region were ligated into a pFastBac Dual vector to obtain a BmBac-UPS recombinant bacmid. The recombinant bacmid BmBac-Gal4 was generated by the same strategy which has a Gal4 coding region controlled by the IE2 promoter. BmBac-UPS and BmBac-IGal4 were co-infected into silkworm BmN cells to confirm the ability of the UAS/Gal4 system to form polyhedrons in B. mori cells. Furthermore, the recombinant viruses were tested for infection efficiency and the ability to generate polyhedra in transgenic B. mori cell line BmE. The results showed that recombinant viruses have the ability to form polyhedrons and gain raised pathogenicity when orally infected B. mori larvae and are applied as the preferred tool for foreign gene delivery and expression
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Liu Y, Chen D, Zhang X, Chen S, Yang D, Tang L, Yang X, Wang Y, Luo X, Wang M, Hu Z, Huang Y. Construction of Baculovirus-Inducible CRISPR/Cas9 Antiviral System Targeting BmNPV in Bombyx mori. Viruses 2021; 14:59. [PMID: 35062262 PMCID: PMC8780094 DOI: 10.3390/v14010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The silkworm Bombyx mori is an economically important insect. The sericulture industry is seriously affected by pathogen infections. Of these pathogens, Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) causes approximately 80% of the total economic losses due to pathogen infections. We previously constructed a BmNPV-specific CRISPR/Cas9 silkworm line with significantly enhanced resistance to BmNPV. In order to optimize the resistance properties and minimize its impact on economic traits, we constructed an inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system for use in transgenic silkworms. We used the 39k promoter, which is induced by viral infection, to express Cas9 and the U6 promoter to express four small guide RNA targeting the genes encoding BmNPV late expression factors 1 and 3 (lef-1 and lef-3, respectively), which are essential for viral DNA replication. The system was rapidly activated when the silkworm was infected and showed considerably higher resistance to BmNPV infection than the wild-type silkworm. The inducible system significantly reduced the development effects due to the constitutive expression of Cas9. No obvious differences in developmental processes or economically important characteristics were observed between the resulting transgenic silkworms and wild-type silkworms. Adoption of this accurate and highly efficient inducible CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting BmNPV DNA replication will result in enhanced antivirus measures during sericulture, and our work also provides insights into the broader application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in the control of infectious diseases and insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongbin Chen
- Department of Sericulture, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- China College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China;
| | - Shuqing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dehong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linmeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xingyu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China;
| | - Yongping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (Y.L.); (S.C.); (D.Y.); (L.T.); (X.Y.); (Y.W.); (X.L.)
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Li JJ, Shi Y, Wu JN, Li H, Smagghe G, Liu TX. CRISPR/Cas9 in lepidopteran insects: Progress, application and prospects. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 135:104325. [PMID: 34743972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Clustered regularly spaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPR) structure family forms the acquired immune system in bacteria and archaea. Recent advances in CRISPR/Cas genome editing as derived from prokaryotes, confirmed the characteristics of robustness, high target specificity and programmability, and also revolutionized the insect sciences field. The successful application of CRISPR in a wide variety of lepidopteran insects, with a high genetic diversity, provided opportunities to explore gene functions, insect modification and pest control. In this review, we present a detailed overview on the recent progress of CRISPR in lepidopteran insects, and described the basic principles of the system and its application. Major interest is on wing development, pigmentation, mating, reproduction, sex determination, metamorphosis, resistance and silkworm breeding innovation. Finally, we outlined the limitations of CRISPR/Cas system and discussed its application prospects in lepidopteran insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Jie Li
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, PR China; Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yan Shi
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, PR China; Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ji-Nan Wu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, PR China
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, PR China.
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Zhu Y, Hu M, Ngowo J, Gao X, Chen X, Yan H, Yu W. Deacetylation of BmAda3 is required for cell apoptosis caused by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 108:e21838. [PMID: 34350621 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silkworm is not only an ideal insect model with a biological significance, but it is also crucially important in sericulture and bioreactors. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a principal pathogen of silkworm. However, the molecular mechanism underlying BmNPV invasion is still unclear. Based on our previous acetylome research findings of B. mori after BmNPV infection, here, we focused on silkworm alteration/deficiency in activation-3 (BmAda3). The acetylation of K124 and K128 were significantly reduced (0.66-fold) upon the virus challenge. Due to the interaction between Ada3 and P53, acetylation-mimic K124Q/K128Q and deacetylation-mimic K124R/K128R mutants of BmAda3 were constructed to explore the roles exerted by the acetylation modification of BmAda3 on P53. Yeast two-hybrid and IP results revealed that both BmAda3 and its deacetylation mutants (K124R/K128R) interacted with P53. Interestingly, we found that the deacetylation mutants (K124R/K128R) of BmAda3 significantly promoted the stability of P53. Since P53 is a proapoptotic factor, cell apoptosis was detected. We established that the deacetylation of BmAda3 at K124/K128 facilitated cellular apoptosis during BmNPV infection. Finally, viral proliferation was analyzed, and the results indicated that virus generation was reduced by K124/K128 deacetylation. Our report, based on the deacetylation of two lysine sites 124/128 of BmAda3, shows possible regulatory pathways of BmNPV proliferation and provides novel insights into the development of antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhu
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Miao Hu
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jonas Ngowo
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huihui Yan
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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