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Mi B, Xiong Y, Lu L, Liao J, Liu G, Zhao Y. Macrophage-mediated fracture healing: Unraveling molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications using hydrogel-based interventions. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122461. [PMID: 38171119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Fracture healing is a complex biological process that involves the orchestrated interplay of various cells and molecular signaling pathways. Among the key players, macrophages have emerged as critical regulators of fracture repair, influencing inflammation, tissue remodeling, and angiogenesis. Recent advances in hydrogel-based therapeutics have provided exciting opportunities to leverage the modulatory effects of macrophages for improving fracture healing outcomes. In the present study, we review the importance of macrophages in fracture repair and their potential therapeutic role in hydrogel-based interventions. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage-mediated effects on fracture healing, and how hydrogels can be utilized as a platform for macrophage modulation. Furthermore, we highlight the translation of hydrogel-based therapies from bench to bedside, including preclinical and clinical studies, and the challenges and opportunities in harnessing the therapeutic potential of macrophages in fracture repair. Overall, understanding the importance of macrophages in fracture healing and the potential of hydrogel-based therapeutics to modulate macrophage responses can pave the way for developing innovative approaches to improve fracture healing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobin Mi
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China; School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiewen Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guohui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore.
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Chelu M, Musuc AM, Popa M, Calderon Moreno JM. Chitosan Hydrogels for Water Purification Applications. Gels 2023; 9:664. [PMID: 37623119 PMCID: PMC10453846 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan-based hydrogels have gained significant attention for their potential applications in water treatment and purification due to their remarkable properties such as bioavailability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, environmental friendliness, high pollutants adsorption capacity, and water adsorption capacity. This article comprehensively reviews recent advances in chitosan-based hydrogel materials for water purification applications. The synthesis methods, structural properties, and water purification performance of chitosan-based hydrogels are critically analyzed. The incorporation of various nanomaterials into chitosan-based hydrogels, such as nanoparticles, graphene, and metal-organic frameworks, has been explored to enhance their performance. The mechanisms of water purification, including adsorption, filtration, and antimicrobial activity, are also discussed in detail. The potential of chitosan-based hydrogels for the removal of pollutants, such as heavy metals, organic contaminants, and microorganisms, from water sources is highlighted. Moreover, the challenges and future perspectives of chitosan-based hydrogels in water treatment and water purification applications are also illustrated. Overall, this article provides valuable insights into the current state of the art regarding chitosan-based hydrogels for water purification applications and highlights their potential for addressing global water pollution challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (M.P.)
| | | | - Jose M. Calderon Moreno
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.C.); (M.P.)
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