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Skulstad H, Andresen K, Aaberge L, Haugaa KH, Edvardsen T, Kaya E. Early reverse remodeling by echocardiography after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Echocardiography 2024; 41:e15865. [PMID: 39031884 DOI: 10.1111/echo.15865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oslo University Hospital is a tertiary center conducting a significant number of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedures per year. In this follow-up MediPace study, we aimed to investigate early echocardiographic changes in systolic and diastolic functions after TAVI in these patients. METHODS All patients enrolled in the previous study were contacted 3 months after TAVI for echocardiographic evaluation. Detailed echocardiography was performed 3.5 ± 1.6 months after TAVI, and compared with baseline evaluations. RESULTS A total of 101 patients were analyzed. Mean age was 80.1 ± 6.8 years and 40% of the patients were female. We observed a significant improvement in global longitudinal strain (GLS) (pre-TAVI -16.8 ± 4.1%, post-TAVI -17.8 ± 3.6%, p < .001), with no notable change in LVEF. More than half of the patients (52%) experienced a significant reverse remodeling with ≥10% decrease in left ventricular mass index (LVMi) following TAVI (pre-TAVI 123.6 ± 32.1 vs. 109.7 ± 28.9 g/m2 post-TAVI, p < .001). Pre-TAVI LVMi was a positive predictor, whereas history of HT was a negative predictor of LVMi reduction. There was no significant improvement in diastolic function following TAVI. Highest degree of paravalvular leakage was mild to moderate and was observed in only 2%. CONCLUSIONS A significant improvement in GLS and LVMi was found following TAVI. History of hypertension and baseline LVMi were predictors of LVMi change. There was no notable change in diastolic function, including left atrial strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Skulstad
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- ProCardio Center for Innovation, Clinic of Heart-, Lung- and Vascular Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, All Oslo, Norway
| | - K Andresen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- ProCardio Center for Innovation, Clinic of Heart-, Lung- and Vascular Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, All Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Aaberge
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristina H Haugaa
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- ProCardio Center for Innovation, Clinic of Heart-, Lung- and Vascular Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, All Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Edvardsen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- ProCardio Center for Innovation, Clinic of Heart-, Lung- and Vascular Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, All Oslo, Norway
| | - Esra Kaya
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- ProCardio Center for Innovation, Clinic of Heart-, Lung- and Vascular Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Meredith T, Roy D, Hayward C, Feneley M, Kovacic J, Muller D, Namasivayam M. Strain Assessment in Aortic Stenosis: Pathophysiology and Clinical Utility. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2024; 37:64-76. [PMID: 37805144 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary echocardiographic criteria for grading aortic stenosis severity have remained relatively unchanged, despite significant advances in noninvasive imaging techniques over the last 2 decades. More recently, attention has shifted to the ventricular response to aortic stenosis and how this might be quantified. Global longitudinal strain, semiautomatically calculated from standard two-dimensional echocardiographic images, has been the focus of extensive research. Global longitudinal strain is a sensitive marker of subtle hypertrophy-related impairment in left ventricular function and has shown promise as a relatively robust prognostic marker, both independently and when added to severity classification systems. Herein we review the pathophysiological basis underpinning the potential utility of global longitudinal strain in the assessment of aortic stenosis, as well as its potential role in quantifying myocardial recovery and prognostic discrimination following aortic valve replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Meredith
- Department of Cardiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Roy
- Department of Cardiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Hayward
- Department of Cardiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Feneley
- Department of Cardiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason Kovacic
- Department of Cardiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Muller
- Department of Cardiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mayooran Namasivayam
- Department of Cardiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Nagai T, Horinouchi H, Hashimoto K, Ijichi T, Kamioka N, Murakami T, Ohno Y, Yoshioka K, Ikari Y. Incremental Value of Global Longitudinal Strain for Confirming Heart Failure-Related Symptoms in Severe Aortic Stenosis. Am J Cardiol 2023; 209:1-7. [PMID: 37839463 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The indications or timing of aortic valve replacement for symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) are based on a patient's life expectancy and symptoms. However, clinical decision-making may be difficult because symptoms are subjective and cannot be quantitatively assessed and confirmed. This study aimed to evaluate the association between heart failure (HF)-related symptoms and cardiac hemodynamic left ventricular deformations in patients with severe AS using transthoracic echocardiographic assessments of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS). The medical records of patients hospitalized for AS between February 2017 and September 2019 were retrospectively screened. Independent cardiologists analyzed the transthoracic echocardiographic images of a digital echocardiography database. The cohort comprised 177 hospitalized patients with severe AS and no history of HF. The subgroup with HF-related symptoms included 87 patients, whereas that without HF-related symptoms included 90 patients. In 145 patients without atrial fibrillation, the left atrial volume index (LAVI) and LV-GLS were significantly associated with HF-related symptoms (odds ratio 1.033, 95% confidence interval 1.008 to 1.059, p = 0.011 and odds ratio 1.224, 95% confidence interval 1.118 to 1.340, p <0.0001, respectively). Moreover, the combination of brain natriuretic peptide level, LAVI, and LV-GLS showed better diagnostic accuracy than the combination of brain natriuretic peptide level and LAVI (p = 0.005). However, there were no such tendencies in 32 patients with atrial fibrillation. The HF-related symptoms in patients with severe AS were strongly linked to LV-GLS. LV-GLS showed incremental value for confirming HF-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoo Nagai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Horinouchi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaho Hashimoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ijichi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Kamioka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Murakami
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Ohno
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yoshioka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikari
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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4
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Angellotti D, Manzo R, Castiello DS, Immobile Molaro M, Mariani A, Iapicca C, Nappa D, Simonetti F, Avvedimento M, Leone A, Canonico ME, Spaccarotella CAM, Franzone A, Ilardi F, Esposito G, Piccolo R. Echocardiographic Evaluation after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Comprehensive Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1079. [PMID: 37240724 PMCID: PMC10221682 DOI: 10.3390/life13051079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an increasingly popular treatment option for patients with severe aortic stenosis. Recent advancements in technology and imaging tools have significantly contributed to the success of TAVI procedures. Echocardiography plays a pivotal role in the evaluation of TAVI patients, both before and after the procedure. This review aims to provide an overview of the most recent technical advancements in echocardiography and their use in the follow-up of TAVI patients. In particular, the focus will be on the examination of the influence of TAVI on left and right ventricular function, which is frequently accompanied by other structural and functional alterations. Echocardiography has proven to be key also in detecting valve deterioration during extended follow-up. This review will provide valuable insights into the technical advancements in echocardiography and their role in the follow-up of TAVI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Raffaele Piccolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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5
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Prognostic Value of Preprocedural LV Global Longitudinal Strain for Post-TAVR-Related Morbidity and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 16:332-341. [PMID: 36889849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) demonstrates limited prognostic value for post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) outcomes. Evidence regarding the potential role of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) in this setting is inconsistent. OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of aggregated data was to evaluate the prognostic value of preprocedural LV-GLS for post-TAVR-related morbidity and mortality. METHODS The authors searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies investigating the association between preprocedural 2-dimensional speckle-tracking-derived LV-GLS and post-TAVR clinical outcomes. An inversely weighted random effects meta-analysis was adopted to investigate the association between LV-GLS vs primary (ie, all-cause mortality) and secondary (ie, major cardiovascular events [MACE]) post-TAVR outcomes. RESULTS Of the 1,130 identified records, 12 were eligible, all of which had a low-to-moderate risk of bias (Newcastle-Ottawa scale). On average, 2,049 patients demonstrated preserved LVEF (52.6% ± 1.7%), but impaired LV-GLS (-13.6% ± 0.6%). Patients with a lower LV-GLS had a higher all-cause mortality (pooled HR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.59-2.55) and MACE (pooled odds ratio [OR]: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.08-1.47) risk compared with patients with higher LV-GLS. In addition, each percentage point decrease of LV-GLS (ie, toward 0%) was associated with an increased mortality (HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04-1.08) and MACE risk (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.15). CONCLUSIONS Preprocedural LV-GLS was significantly associated with post-TAVR morbidity and mortality. This suggests a potential clinically important role of pre-TAVR evaluation of LV-GLS for risk stratification of patients with severe aortic stenosis. (Prognostic value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: a meta-analysis; CRD42021289626).
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6
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Gonska B, Buckert D, Mörike J, Scharnbeck D, Kersten J, Cuspidi C, Rottbauer W, Tadic M. Imaging Challenges in Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis and Heart Failure: Did We Find a Way Out of the Labyrinth? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020317. [PMID: 35054012 PMCID: PMC8777924 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most frequent degenerative valvular disease in developed countries. Its incidence has been constantly rising due to population aging. The diagnosis of AS was considered straightforward for a very long time. High gradients and reduced aortic valve area were considered as "sine qua non" in diagnosis of AS until a growing body of evidence showed that patients with low gradients could also have severe AS with the same or even worse outcome. This completely changed the paradigm of AS diagnosis and involved large numbers of parameters that had never been used in the evaluation of AS severity. Low gradient AS patients may present with heart failure (HF) with preserved or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), associated with changes in cardiac output and flow across the aortic valve. These patients with low-flow low-gradient or paradoxical low-flow low-gradient AS are particularly challenging to diagnose, and cardiac output and flow across the aortic valve have become the most relevant parameters in evaluation of AS, besides gradients and aortic valve area. The introduction of other imaging modalities in the diagnosis of AS significantly improved our knowledge about cardiac mechanics, tissue characterization of myocardium, calcium and inflammation burden of the aortic valve, and their impact on severity, progression and prognosis of AS, not only in symptomatic but also in asymptomatic patients. However, a variety of novel parameters also brought uncertainty regarding the clinical relevance of these indices, as well as the necessity for their validation in everyday practice. The aim of this review is to summarize the prevalence of HF in patients with severe AS and elaborate on the diagnostic challenges and advantages of comprehensive multimodality cardiac imaging to identify the patients that may benefit from surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement, as well as parameters that may help during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgid Gonska
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.G.); (D.B.); (J.M.); (D.S.); (J.K.); (W.R.)
| | - Dominik Buckert
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.G.); (D.B.); (J.M.); (D.S.); (J.K.); (W.R.)
| | - Johannes Mörike
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.G.); (D.B.); (J.M.); (D.S.); (J.K.); (W.R.)
| | - Dominik Scharnbeck
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.G.); (D.B.); (J.M.); (D.S.); (J.K.); (W.R.)
| | - Johannes Kersten
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.G.); (D.B.); (J.M.); (D.S.); (J.K.); (W.R.)
| | - Cesare Cuspidi
- Department for Internal Medicine, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Wolfang Rottbauer
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.G.); (D.B.); (J.M.); (D.S.); (J.K.); (W.R.)
| | - Marijana Tadic
- Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (B.G.); (D.B.); (J.M.); (D.S.); (J.K.); (W.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-176-3236-0011
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7
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Gerçek M, Faber L, Rudolph V, Fox H, Puehler T, Omran H, Wolf LK, Paluszkiewicz L, Zeiher AM, Hakim-Meibodi K, Gummert J, Dimitriadis Z. Myocardial adaptation as assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography after isolated mitral valve surgery for primary mitral regurgitation. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 37:913-920. [PMID: 33051820 PMCID: PMC7969695 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-02065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The risk of left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) maladaptation after surgery for isolated primary mitral regurgitation (PMR) is poorly defined. We aimed to evaluate LV and RV contractile function using speckle-tracking analysis alongside with quantification of exercise tolerance in patients with PMR after mitral valve surgery. All consecutive patients with symptomatic PMR undergoing mitral valve surgery between July 2015 and May 2017 were prospectively enrolled. Sequential echocardiographic studies along with clinical assessment were performed before and three months after surgery. Mean age in 138 patients was 65.8 ± 12.7 years, 48.2% (66) of whom were female. Mean LV ejection fraction decreased from 57 ± 12% to 50 ± 11% (p < 0.001), LV global longitudinal strain deteriorated from -19.2 ± 4.1% to -15.7 ± 3.8% (p < 0.001), and mechanical strain dispersion increased from 88 ± 12 to 117 ± 115 ms (p = 0.004). There was a reduction in tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion from 22 ± 5 mm to 18 ± 4 mm (p < 0.001), as well as a slight deterioration of RV free wall mean longitudinal strain from -16.9 ± 5.6% to -15.7 ± 4.1% (p = 0.05). The rate of moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation significantly decreased (p < 0.005). Regarding exercise tolerance, the New York Heart Association class improved (p < 0.001) and the walking distance increased (p < 0.001). During mid-term follow up after surgery for PMR, a deterioration of LV and RV contractile function measures could be observed. However, the clinical status, LV dimensions, and concomitant tricuspid regurgitation improved which in particular imply more effective RV contractile pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Gerçek
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Lothar Faber
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Volker Rudolph
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.,Heart Failure Department, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Henrik Fox
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.,Heart Failure Department, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Thomas Puehler
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hazem Omran
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Lisa Katharina Wolf
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstraße 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Lech Paluszkiewicz
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kavous Hakim-Meibodi
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Jan Gummert
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.,Heart Failure Department, Herz- Und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Zisis Dimitriadis
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Orlando P, Sabbatinelli J, Silvestri S, Marcheggiani F, Cirilli I, Dludla PV, Molardi A, Nicolini F, Tiano L. Ubiquinol supplementation in elderly patients undergoing aortic valve replacement: biochemical and clinical aspects. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:15514-15531. [PMID: 32741773 PMCID: PMC7467386 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological data show a rise in the mean age of patients affected by heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. Senescent myocardium reduces the tolerance to ischemic stress and there are indications about age-associated deficit in post-operative cardiac performance. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and more specifically its reduced form ubiquinol (QH), improve several conditions related to bioenergetic deficit or increased exposure to oxidative stress. This trial (Eudra-CT 2009-015826-13) evaluated the clinical and biochemical effects of ubiquinol in 50 elderly patients affected by severe aortic stenosis undergoing aortic valve replacement and randomized to either placebo or 400 mg/day ubiquinol from 7 days before to 5 days after surgery. Plasma and cardiac tissue CoQ10 levels and oxidative status, circulating troponin I, CK-MB (primary endpoints), IL-6 and S100B were assessed. Moreover, main cardiac adverse effects, NYHA class, contractility and myocardial hypertrophy (secondary endpoints) were evaluated during a 6-month follow-up visit. Ubiquinol treatment counteracted the post-operative plasma CoQ10 decline (p<0.0001) and oxidation (p=0.038) and curbed the post-operative increase in troponin I (QH, 1.90 [1.47-2.48] ng/dL; placebo, 4.03 [2.45-6.63] ng/dL; p=0.007) related to cardiac surgery. Moreover, ubiquinol prevented the adverse outcomes that might have been associated with defective left ventricular ejection fraction recovery in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona 60100, Italy
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60100, Italy
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona 60100, Italy
| | - Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona 60100, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona 60100, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi Vusi Dludla
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona 60100, Italy.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Alberto Molardi
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicolini
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona 60100, Italy
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9
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Tsampasian V, Panoulas V, Jabbour RJ, Ruparelia N, Malik IS, Hadjiloizou N, Frame MSc A, Sen S, Sutaria N, Mikhail GW, Nihoyannopoulos P. Left ventricular speckle tracking echocardiographic evaluation before and after TAVI. Echo Res Pract 2020; 7:29-38. [PMID: 36472209 PMCID: PMC7487179 DOI: 10.1530/erp-20-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To assess left ventricular (LV) function before and after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) using conventional echocardiographic parameters and global longitudinal LV strain (GLS) and compare outcomes between Edwards S3 and Evolut R valves. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were collected for consecutive patients undergoing TAVI at Hammersmith hospital between 2015 and 2018. Of the 303 patients, those with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation were excluded leading to a total of 85 patients, which constituted our study group. The mean follow-up was 49 ± 39 days. In total, 60% of patients were treated with Edwards S3 and 40% Evolut R. TAVI resulted in an early improvement of GLS (-13.96 to -15.25%, P = 0.01) but not ejection fraction (EF) (47.6 to 50.1%, P = 0.09). LV mass also improved, especially in patients with marked baseline LV hypertrophy (P < 0.001). There were no appreciable differences of LV function improvement and overall LV remodelling after TAVI between the two types of valves used (P = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS TAVI results in reverse remodelling and improvement of GLS, especially in patients with impaired baseline LV function. There were no differences in the extent of LV function improvement between Edwards S3 and Evolut R valves but there was a greater incidence of aortic regurgitation with Evolut R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Tsampasian
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK,Correspondence should be addressed to V Tsampasian:
| | - Vasileios Panoulas
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK,Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK,Harefield Hospital, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard J Jabbour
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK,Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Neil Ruparelia
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Iqbal S Malik
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Angela Frame MSc
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Sayan Sen
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nilesh Sutaria
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Ghada W Mikhail
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK,Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
| | - Petros Nihoyannopoulos
- Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK,Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
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10
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Al-Rashid F, Totzeck M, Saur N, Jánosi RA, Lind A, Mahabadi AA, Rassaf T, Mincu RI. Global longitudinal strain is associated with better outcomes in transcatheter aortic valve replacement. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:267. [PMID: 32493384 PMCID: PMC7268397 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parameters that mark the timing of left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are incompletely defined. This study aims to identify the dynamics of LV strain derived from speckle tracking echocardiography in a cohort of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent TAVR and its correlation with postprocedural outcomes. Methods We selected 150 consecutive patients (82 ± 4 years old, STS score 6.4 ± 6.2) who underwent transfemoral TAVR between 07/2016 and 12/2017 at our tertiary care center. All patients were evaluated at baseline, 1 week after TAVR, and 3 months following TAVR. Results The global longitudinal strain (GLS) 1 week following TAVR was comparable to that at baseline (− 15,9 ± 4.3 vs − 16.8 ± 4.1; p = NS) but significantly improved at 3 months following TAVR (− 15.9 ± 4.3% vs. -19.5 ± 3.5%; p < 0.001). No significant changes in global circumferential strain (GCS) and global radial strain (GRS) were detectable. The ejection fraction was significantly improved 1 week after the TAVR procedure. The baseline GLS correlated directly with the complication rate (R = 0.36, p = 0.005). The linear regression analysis showed that the main predictors of the improvement in the GLS at 3 months in our cohort were baseline GRS and GCS. Conclusion GLS improves at 3 months after TAVR, while LV ejection fraction does not show a substantial change, signaling an early recovery of LV longitudinal function after the intervention. Additionally, GLS has a direct correlation with the postprocedural outcomes. GLS improvement might emerge as a valuable parameter for a tailored follow-up in TAVR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi Al-Rashid
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany.
| | - Matthias Totzeck
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Nadine Saur
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Rolf Alexander Jánosi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Lind
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Amir A Mahabadi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Raluca-Ileana Mincu
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Medical Faculty, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
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11
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Koifman E, Medvedofsky D, Didier R, Torguson R, Jerusalem Z, Kiramijyan S, Ben-Dor I, Wang Z, Goldstein SA, Xu L, Pichard AD, Satler LF, Waksman R, Asch FM. Impact of Baseline Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2020; 125:258-263. [PMID: 31735329 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We sought to assess the impact of diastolic dysfunction (DD) grade, as per the 2016 American Society of Echocardiography/European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines, on survival of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We included consecutive patients with severe AS who underwent TAVI in our institution. DD grading was determined retrospectively according to the 2016 ASE DD guidelines and categorized to grade I-III and indeterminate grade I-II DD. Comparison of 1-year survival according to DD grade was performed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and evaluation of DD at 1 year was performed in a subset of patients. Among 606 TAVI patients, 394 (65%) had sufficient data for DD grading. Seventy-seven (20%) had grade I DD, 191 (48%) had grade II, 60 (15%) had grade III, and 66 (17%) had an indeterminate grade between I and II. Baseline characteristics indicate higher rates of atrial fibrillation, brain natriuretic peptide level, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and indexed left ventricular mass as DD grade increases (all p ≤0.01). In conclusion, comparison of 1-year survival revealed a higher rate of mortality in patients with grade III DD that remained statistically significant following adjustment in a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model. DD grade after TAVI improved in patients with grades II and III. Severe AS patients with grade III DD have higher risk for 1-year mortality after TAVI compared with milder degrees of DD. Further research is warranted to explore a potential benefit for aortic valve therapy at an earlier stage of the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Koifman
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia; Soroka Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of The Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Diego Medvedofsky
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Romain Didier
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Rebecca Torguson
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Zack Jerusalem
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Sarkis Kiramijyan
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Itsik Ben-Dor
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Zuyue Wang
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Steven A Goldstein
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Linzhi Xu
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Augusto D Pichard
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Lowell F Satler
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Ron Waksman
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Federico M Asch
- Section of Cardiology, MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
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12
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Usefulness of Longitudinal Strain to Assess Remodeling of Right and Left Cardiac Chambers Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation. Am J Cardiol 2019; 124:253-261. [PMID: 31097193 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Remodeling after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been well characterized for the left ventricle (LV) but not for the other cardiac chambers. We aimed to describe conventional indices of cardiac remodeling and novel longitudinal strain (LS) in all 4 cardiac chambers post-TAVI and to explore gender remodeling disparities. Consecutive patients with significant aortic stenosis who underwent TAVI were included if echocardiograms in sinus rhythm before and 1-year postprocedure were available. Speckle tracking analysis was performed retrospectively to evaluate size and function of the 4 cardiac chambers. Baseline and 1-year data were compared. From a total of 612 patients who underwent TAVI, 213 were included in this study (82 ± 9 years old, 42% men). Although no significant size or function changes were seen for right cardiac chambers at follow-up, significant improvements were seen for ejection fraction (EF) and LS in both the LV and left atrium (LA) (p < 0.05 for both). The absolute percentage of LV and LA function improvement was higher for LS than for EF (p < 0.05). Women had smaller LV and right ventricular (RV) size, whereas parameters of LV and RV function were higher. All 1-year remodeling parameters were similar for men and women. Conventional LV remodeling parameters (LV mass) failed to improve 1 year after TAVI. However, novel strain-derived parameters of size and function showed remodeling of left chambers but not of RV or right atrium. The degree of LV and LA remodeling by LS is almost twice that of EF. Remodeling was similar for both genders.
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13
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Adamo M, Fiorina C, Petronio AS, Giannini C, Tamburino C, Barbanti M, Bedogni F, Testa L, Colombo A, Latib A, Bruschi G, Reimers B, Poli A, Nazzaro MS, Curello S, Ettori F. Comparison of Early and Long-Term Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients with New York Heart Association Functional Class IV to those in Class III and Less. Am J Cardiol 2018; 122:1718-1726. [PMID: 30227961 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the impact of a baseline New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV on clinical outcomes of a large real-world population who underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The primary end points were all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and re-hospitalization, evaluated at the longest available follow-up and by means of a 3-month landmark analysis. The secondary end points were: change in NYHA class, left ventricular ejection fraction, pulmonary pressure and mitral regurgitation. Out of 2,467 patients, 271 (11%) had a NYHA functional class IV at the admission. The latter had higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score (9.2% vs 5.5%; p < 0.001) compared to NYHA ≤ III patients, owing to more comorbidities (prior myocardial infarction, severe long-term kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, left ventricular dysfunction, significant mitral regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension). Device success was similar between the two groups (93.7% vs 94.5%; p = 0.583). At a median follow-up of 15 months (interquartile range 4 to 36 months) a lower freedom from primary end points was observed among NYHA IV versus NYHA ≤ III group (survival from all-cause death: 52% vs 58.4%; p = 0.002; survival from cardiovascular death: 72.5% vs 76.5%; p = 0.091; freedom from re-hospitalization: 81.5% vs 85.4%; p = 0.038). However, after adjustment for baseline imbalance, NYHA IV did not influence the relative risk of long-term primary end points. A 3-month landmark analysis showed that NYHA IV independently predicted 3-month all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio: 1.77; 95% CI [1.10 to 2.83]; p = 0.018 and hazard ratio: 1.64; 95% CI [1.03 to 2.59]; p = 0.036, respectively). Instead, after 3-month follow-up NYHA IV did not affect the risk of primary end points. A significant improvement of the secondary end points was noted in both NYHA IV and NYHA ≤≤ III groups. In conclusion, the presence of NYHA class IV in TAVI candidates was associated to a significant increased risk of mortality within 3 months. Patients with baseline NYHA IV who survived at 3 months had a long-term outcome comparable to that of other subjects. Left ventricular systolic function, pulmonary pressure, and mitral insufficiency significantly improved after TAVI regardless of baseline NYHA class IV.
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14
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Strain Evaluation in TAVR—Current Evidence, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-018-9462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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