1
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Corrigan J, Li F, Dawson N, Reynolds G, Bellinghausen S, Zomer S, Litster J. An interaction-based mixing model for predicting porosity and tensile strength of directly compressed ternary blends of pharmaceutical powders. Int J Pharm 2024; 664:124587. [PMID: 39147250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Predicting the mechanical properties of powder mixtures without extensive experimentation is important for model driven design in solid dosage form manufacture. Here, a new binary interaction-based model is proposed for predicting the compressibility and compactability of directly compressed pharmaceutical powder mixtures based on the mixture composition. The model is validated using blends of MCC, lactose and paracetamol or ibuprofen. Both compressibility and compactability profiles are predicted well for a variety of blend compositions of ternary mixtures for the two formulations. The model performs well over a wide range of compositions for both blends and better than either an ideal mixing model or a ternary interaction model. A design of experiments which reduces the amount of API required for fitting the model parameters for a new formulation is proposed to reduce amount of API required. The design requires only three blends containing API. The model gives similar performance to the well-known Reynolds et al. model (2017) when trained using the same data sets. The binary interaction model approach is generalizable to other powder mixture properties. The model presented in this work is limited to curve-fitting of empirical compaction models for mixtures of common pharmaceutical powders and is not intended to provide guidance on the practical operating space (or design space) limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Corrigan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Feng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - Neil Dawson
- Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medicial, Sandwich, UK
| | - Gavin Reynolds
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | | | - Simeone Zomer
- Drug Product Development, Glaxosmithkline R&D, Ware, UK
| | - James Litster
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK.
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2
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Tait T, Salehian M, Aroniada M, Shier AP, Elkes R, Robertson J, Markl D. Empirical Model Variability: Developing a new global optimisation approach to populate compression and compaction mixture rules. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124475. [PMID: 39019299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
This study systematically evaluated the predictive accuracy of common empirical models for pharmaceutical powder compaction. A dataset of nine placebo and twelve active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) loaded blend formulations (four APIs at three drug loadings) was fitted to the widely used empirical tablet compression (Gurnham, Heckel, and Kawakita) and compaction (Ryshkewitch-Duckworth and Leuenberger) models. At low API loadings (<20w/w%), all models achieved R2 above 90 % and RRMSE (relative root mean squared error) below 0.1. However, as API loads increased, overall model performance decreased, notably in the Heckel model. A parameter variability analysis identified multiple parameter pairs achieving acceptable fits. Consequently, a novel global optimization approach was developed populating arithmetic, geometric, and harmonic mixture rules for empirical tuning parameters. This method outperformed the traditional line of best fit approach. A cross validation study revealed that this method is capable of predicting tuning parameters which achieve an acceptable Goodness of Fit for new blends. Finally, with the restriction of maintaining consistent parameters for the placebo blend, the proposed method could substantially reduce the experimental requirements and API consumption for the exploration of new blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Tait
- Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallization (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Mohammad Salehian
- Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallization (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | | | | | | | - John Robertson
- Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallization (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Daniel Markl
- Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallization (CMAC), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
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3
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Dai X, Wang J, Yan B, Wang Q, Shen Y, Chen Y, Tian Y. A Novel Lactose/MCC/L-HPC Triple-Based Co-Processed Excipients with Improved Tableting Performance Designed for Metoclopramide Orally Disintegrating Tablets. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:959. [PMID: 39065656 PMCID: PMC11279886 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
New co-processed excipients comprising lactose (filler and sweetener), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC, filler), and low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (L-HPC, disintegrant and binder) were developed via solvent evaporation for the preparation of metoclopramide orally disintegrating tablets (MCP ODTs). Single-factor and Box-Behnken experimental designs were employed to optimize the formulation. The optimized formulation ratios were water: MCC: lactose (g/g) = 17.26:2.79:4.54:1. The results demonstrated that particles formed by solvent evaporation had superior flowability and compressibility compared to the physical mixture. Tablets compressed with these co-processed excipients exhibited a significantly reduced disintegration time of less than 25 s and achieved complete dissolution within 5 min. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that MCP ODTs significantly improved Cmax, which was 1.60-fold higher compared to conventional tablets. In summary, the lactose/L-HPC/MCC triple-based co-processed excipients developed in this study are promising and could be successfully utilized in orally disintegrating and fast-release tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taixing People’s Hospital, No. 1 Changzheng Road, Taixing 225400, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Center for Research Development and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients and Generic Drugs, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Taixing People’s Hospital, No. 1 Changzheng Road, Taixing 225400, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Center for Research Development and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients and Generic Drugs, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Center for Research Development and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients and Generic Drugs, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yongkang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taixing People’s Hospital, No. 1 Changzheng Road, Taixing 225400, China
| | - Yu Tian
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 201613, China
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4
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Puckhaber D, Finke JH, David S, Gururajan B, Rane S, Kwade A. Effect of particle size on the dispersion behavior of magnesium stearate blended with microcrystalline cellulose. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123792. [PMID: 38190952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The majority of tablets manufactured contain lubricants to reduce friction during ejection. However, especially for plastically deforming materials, e.g., microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), the internal addition of lubricants is known to reduce tablet tensile strength. This reduction is caused by the surface coverage by lubricant particles, the extent of which depends on both process and formulation parameters. Previously published models to predict the lubrication effect on mechanical strength do not account for changes in the excipient particle size. In this study, the impact of both lubricant concentration and mixing time on the tensile strength of tablets consisting of three different grades of MCC and four grades of magnesium stearate (MgSt) was evaluated. By taking into account the particle size of the applied excipients, a unifying relationship between the theoretically estimated surface coverage and compactibility reduction was identified. Evaluating the dispersion kinetics of MgSt as a function of time reveals a substantial impact of the initial surface coverage on the dispersion rate, while the minimal tensile strength was found to be comparable for the majority of formulations. In summary, the presented work extends the knowledge of lubricant dispersion and facilitates the reduction of necessary experiments during the development of new tablet formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Puckhaber
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan Henrik Finke
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | | | | | | | - Arno Kwade
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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5
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Polak P, Sinka IC, Reynolds GK, Roberts RJ. Successful Formulation Window for the design of pharmaceutical tablets with required mechanical properties. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123705. [PMID: 38110016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical tablet formulations combine the active ingredient with processing aids and functional components. This paper evaluates compressibility based predictive models for binary and ternary formulations to establish an acceptable range of tablet compression parameters that satisfy prescribed quality target criteria for tablets including minimum tablet strength and processing constraints such as maximum ejection stress and maximum compaction pressure. The concept of Successful Formulation Window (SFW) is introduced. A methodology is proposed to determine the SFW for a given formulation based on compaction simulator data collected for individual formulation components. The methodology is validated for binary and ternary mixtures and lubricated formulations. The SFW analysis was developed to support tablet formulation design to meet mechanical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Polak
- School of Engineering, University of Leicester, UK
| | - I C Sinka
- School of Engineering, University of Leicester, UK.
| | - G K Reynolds
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - R J Roberts
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
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6
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Su J, Zhang K, Qi F, Cao J, Miao Y, Zhang Z, Qiao Y, Xu B. A tabletability change classification system in supporting the tablet formulation design via the roll compaction and dry granulation process. Int J Pharm X 2023; 6:100204. [PMID: 37560487 PMCID: PMC10407897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2023.100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the material library approach was used to uncover the pattern of tabletability change and related risk for tablet formulation design under the roll compaction and dry granulation (RCDG) process. 31 materials were fully characterized using 18 physical parameters and 9 compression behavior classification system (CBCS) parameters. Then, each material was dry granulated and sieved into small granules (125-250 μm) and large granules (630-850 μm), respectively. The compression behavior of granules was characterized by the CBCS descriptors, and were compared with that of ungranulated powders. The relative change of tabletability (CoTr) index was used to establish the tabletability change classification system (TCCS), and all materials were classified into three types, i.e. loss of tabletability (LoT, Type I), unchanged tabletability (Type II) and increase of tabletability (Type III). Results showed that approximately 65% of materials presented LoT, and as the granules size increased, 84% of the materials exhibited LoT. A risk decision tree was innovatively proposed by joint application of the CBCS tabletability categories and the TCCS tabletability change types. It was found that the LoT posed little risk to the tensile strength of the final tablet, when Category 1 or 2A materials, or Category 2B materials with Type II or Type III change of tabletability were used. Formulation risk happened to Category 2C or 3 materials, or Category 2B materials with Type I change of tabletability, particularly when high proportions of these materials were involved in tablet formulation. In addition, the risk assessment results were verified in the material property design space developed from a latent variable model in prediction of tablet tensile strength. Overall, results suggested that a combinational use of CBCS and TCCS could aid the decision making in selecting materials for tablet formulation design via RCDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Kunfeng Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Feiyu Qi
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Junjie Cao
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yuhua Miao
- The International Department, No. 8 Middle School of Beijing, Beijing 100045, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Beijing Tcmages Pharmceutical Co. LTD, Beijing 101301, PR China
| | - Yanjiang Qiao
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, PR China
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7
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Woyna-Orlewicz K, Brniak W, Tatara W, Strzebońska M, Haznar-Garbacz D, Szafraniec-Szczęsny J, Antosik-Rogóż A, Wojteczko K, Strózik M, Kurek M, Jachowicz R, Mendyk A. Investigating the Impact of Co-processed Excipients on the Formulation of Bromhexine Hydrochloride Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODTs). Pharm Res 2023; 40:2947-2962. [PMID: 37726407 PMCID: PMC10746752 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Orodispersible tablets (orally disintegrating tablets, ODTs) have been used in pharmacotherapy for over 20 years since they overcome the problems with swallowing solid dosage forms. The successful formula manufactured by direct compression shall ensure acceptable mechanical strength and short disintegration time. Our research aimed to develop ODTs containing bromhexine hydrochloride suitable for registration in accordance with EMA requirements. METHODS We examined the performance of five multifunctional co-processed excipients, i.e., F-Melt® C, F-Melt® M, Ludiflash®, Pharmaburst® 500 and Prosolv® ODT G2 as well as self-prepared physical blend of directly compressible excipients. We tested powder flow, true density, compaction characteristics and tableting speed sensitivity. RESULTS The manufacturability studies confirmed that all the co-processed excipients are very effective as the ODT formula constituents. We noticed superior properties of both F-Melt's®, expressed by good mechanical strength of tablets and short disintegration time. Ludiflash® showed excellent performance due to low works of plastic deformation, elastic recovery and ejection. However, the tablets released less than 30% of the drug. Also, the self-prepared blend of excipients was found sufficient for ODT application and successfully transferred to production scale. Outcome of the scale-up trial revealed that the tablets complied with compendial requirements for orodispersible tablets. CONCLUSIONS We proved that the active ingredient cannot be absorbed in oral cavity and its dissolution profiles in media representing upper part of gastrointestinal tract are similar to marketed immediate release drug product. In our opinion, the developed formula is suitable for registration within the well-established use procedure without necessity of bioequivalence testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Woyna-Orlewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
- F1Pharma S.A, Ul. Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Witold Brniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Wiktor Tatara
- F1Pharma S.A, Ul. Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Strzebońska
- F1Pharma S.A, Ul. Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Szafraniec-Szczęsny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
- CHDE Polska S.A, Biesiadna 7, 35-304, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Agata Antosik-Rogóż
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
- F1Pharma S.A, Ul. Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Wojteczko
- Department of Ceramics and Refractories, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Mateusz Kurek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Renata Jachowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksander Mendyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
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8
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Aroniada M, Bano G, Vueva Y, Christodoulou C, Li F, Litster JD. A novel mixing rule model to predict the flowability of directly compressed pharmaceutical blends. Int J Pharm 2023; 647:123475. [PMID: 37832706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, powder flowability is an essential manufacturability attribute to consider when selecting the suitable manufacturing route and formulation. The selection of the formulation is usually based on the physical and chemical properties of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) under consideration. Current industrial practice heavily relies on experimental work, which often results in significant labor and API consumption that results in higher costs. In this study we describe the development of a mixing rule to predict powder blend flowability from the flow properties of the individual components for industrial formulations manufactured via Direct Compression (DC). The mixing rule assumes that the granular solids' interactions are dominated by cohesive forces but are pragmatic to calibrate from the perspective of the typical data collated in an industrial environment. The proposed model was validated using a range of different APIs and the results show that the model can effectively predict the flowability properties of any formulation across the space of DC-relevant formulation compositions. Finally, a connection between the model and APIs properties (shape and size) was investigated via a linear correlation between the API particle properties and interparticle forces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriele Bano
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), 1250 S Collegeville Rd., Collegeville, PA 19426, United States
| | - Yuliya Vueva
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Park Road, Ware SG12 0DP, United Kingdom
| | | | - Feng Li
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, PR China
| | - James D Litster
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
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9
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Sousa AS, Serra J, Estevens C, Costa R, Ribeiro AJ. Leveraging a multivariate approach towards enhanced development of direct compression extended release tablets. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123432. [PMID: 37739095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Extended release formulations play a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry by maintaining steady plasma levels, reducing side effects, and improving therapeutic efficiency and compliance. One commonly used method to develop extended release formulations is direct compression, which offers several advantages, such as simplicity, time savings, and cost-effectiveness. However, successful direct compression-based extended release formulations require careful assessment and an understanding of the excipients' attributes. The scope of this work is the characterization of the compaction behavior of some matrix-forming agents and diluents for the development of extended release tablets. Fifteen excipients commonly used in extended release formulations were evaluated for physical, compaction and tablet properties. Powder properties (e.g., particle size, flow properties, bulk density) were evaluated and linked to the tablet's mechanical properties in a fully integrated approach, and data were analyzed by constructing a principal component analysis (PCA). Significant variability was observed among the various excipients. The present work successfully demonstrates the applicability of PCA as an effective tool for comparative analysis, pattern and clustering recognition and correlations between excipients and their properties, facilitating the development and manufacturing of direct compressible extended release formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Sousa
- Universidade de Coimbra, Faculdade de Farmácia, 3000-148 Coimbra, Portugal; Grupo Tecnimede, Quinta da Cerca, Caixaria, 2565-187 Dois Portos, Portugal
| | - J Serra
- Grupo Tecnimede, Quinta da Cerca, Caixaria, 2565-187 Dois Portos, Portugal
| | - C Estevens
- Grupo Tecnimede, Quinta da Cerca, Caixaria, 2565-187 Dois Portos, Portugal
| | - R Costa
- Grupo Tecnimede, Quinta da Cerca, Caixaria, 2565-187 Dois Portos, Portugal
| | - A J Ribeiro
- Universidade de Coimbra, Faculdade de Farmácia, 3000-148 Coimbra, Portugal; i3S, IBMC, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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10
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Imayoshi Y, Ohsaki S, Nakamura H, Watano S. Development of a simple in-die method for determination of capping tendency in rotary tableting machines. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023. [PMID: 37088559 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
A rotary tableting machine is used for the continuous tableting process. Tableting conditions often result in capping, leading to serious problems during production. Several studies have been conducted to predict the tablet capping tendency. However, as most previous studies were conducted using a compaction simulator, there is a lack of technology that can be readily applied during actual production. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a novel method for predicting tablet capping in a rotary tableting machine. We hypothesized that capping occurs when residual stress of the tablet inside a die exceeds the critical stress immediately before ejection. Residual stress was evaluated by measuring the in-line die-wall pressure in a rotary tableting machine. Additionally, critical stress was estimated from the tablet strength inside the die using the Rumpf's equation. The critical and residual stresses were compared to determine the capping tendency to some extent. The findings of this study will substantially contribute to the rapid detection of tablet capping during tablet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Imayoshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University
| | - Shuji Ohsaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University
| | - Hideya Nakamura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University
| | - Satoru Watano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University
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11
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Puckhaber D, Voges AL, Rane S, David S, Gururajan B, Henrik Finke J, Kwade A. Enhanced multi-component model to consider the lubricant effect on compressibility and compactibility. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 187:24-33. [PMID: 37037386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Modeling of structural and mechanical tablet properties consisting of multiple components, based on a minimum of experimental data is of high interest, in order to minimize time- and cost-intensive experimental trials in the development of new tablet formulations. The majority of commonly available models use the compressibility and compactibility of constituent components and establish mixing rules between those components, in order to predict the tablet properties of formulations containing multiple components. However, their applicability is limited to single materials, which form intact tablets (e.g. lactose, cellulose) and therefore, they cannot be applied for lubricants. Lubricants are required in the majority of industrial tablet formulations and usually influence the mechanical strength of tablets. This study combines the multi-component compaction model of Reynolds et al. (2017) with a recently published lubrication model (Puckhaber et al. 2020) to describe the impact of multiple components on a formulation consisting of two diluents and a lubricant. By that, this model combination displays a meaningful extension of existing compaction models and allows the systematic prediction of properties of lubricated multi-component tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Puckhaber
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Anna-Lena Voges
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Jan Henrik Finke
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Arno Kwade
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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12
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Monaco D, Reynolds GK, Tajarobi P, Litster JD, Salman AD. Modelling the effect of L/S ratio and granule moisture content on the compaction properties in continuous manufacturing. Int J Pharm 2023; 633:122624. [PMID: 36690126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical field is currently moving towards continuous manufacturing pursuing reduced waste, consistency, and automation. During continuous manufacturing, it is important to understand how both operating conditions and material properties throughout the process affect the final properties of the product to optimise and control production. In this study of a continuous wet granulation line, the liquid to solid ratio (L/S) and drying times were varied to investigate the effect of the final granule moisture content and the liquid to solid ratio on the properties of the granules during tabletting and the final tensile strength of the tablets. Both variables (L/S and granule moisture) affected the tablet tensile strength with the moisture content having a larger impact. Further analysis using a compaction model, showed that the compactability of the granules was largely unaffected by both L/S and moisture content while the compressibility was influenced by these variables, leading to a difference in the final tablet strength and porosity. The granule porosity was linked to the L/S ratio and used instead for the model fitting. The effect of moisture content and granule porosity was added to the model using a 3d plane relationship between the compressibility constant, the moisture content and porosity of the granules. The tablet tensile strength model, considering the effect of moisture and granule porosity, performed well averaging a root mean squared error across the different conditions of 0.17 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Monaco
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Gavin K Reynolds
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Pirjo Tajarobi
- Early Product Development and Manufacture, Pharmaceutical Sciences, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - James D Litster
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Agba D Salman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
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13
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Suk Kim J, ud Din F, Jin Choi Y, Ran Woo M, Cheon S, Hun Ji S, Park S, Oh Kim J, Seok Youn Y, Lim SJ, Giu Jin S, Choi HG. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-based solid dispersed granules: A prospective alternative to conventional solid dispersion. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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14
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Digital twin of a continuous direct compression line for drug product and process design using a hybrid flowsheet modelling approach. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Jin C, Zhao L, Feng Y, Hong Y, Shen L, Lin X. Simultaneous modeling prediction of three key quality attributes of tablets by powder physical properties. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Zhang W, Sluga KK, Yost E, Phan J, Nagapudi K, Helen Hou H. Impact of Drug Loading on the Compaction Properties of Itraconazole-PVPVA Amorphous Solid Dispersions. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Jolliffe HG, Ojo E, Mendez C, Houson I, Elkes R, Reynolds G, Kong A, Meehan E, Amado Becker F, Piccione PM, Verma S, Singaraju A, Halbert G, Robertson J. Linked experimental and modelling approaches for tablet property predictions. Int J Pharm 2022; 626:122116. [PMID: 35987318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen the advent of Quality-by-Design (QbD) as a philosophy to ensure the quality, safety, and efficiency of pharmaceutical production. The key pharmaceutical processing methodology of Direct Compression to produce tablets is also the focus of some research. The traditional Design-of-Experiments and purely experimental approach to achieve such quality and process development goals can have significant time and resource requirements. The present work evaluates potential for using combined modelling and experimental approach, which may reduce this burden by predicting the properties of multicomponent tablets from pure component compression and compaction model parameters. Additionally, it evaluates the use of extrapolation from binary tablet data to determine theoretical pure component model parameters for materials that cannot be compacted in the pure form. It was found that extrapolation using binary tablet data - where one known component can be compacted in pure form and the other is a challenging material which cannot be - is possible. Various mixing rules have been evaluated to assess which are suitable for multicomponent tablet property prediction, and in the present work linear averaging using pre-compression volume fractions has been found to be the most suitable for compression model parameters, while for compaction it has been found that averaging using a power law equation form produced the best agreement with experimental data. Different approaches for estimating component volume fractions have also been evaluated, and using estimations based on theoretical relative rates of compression of the pure components has been found to perform slightly better than using constant volume fractions (that assume a fully compressed mixture). The approach presented in this work (extrapolation of, where necessary, binary tablet data combined with mixing rules using volume fractions) provides a framework and path for predictions for multicomponent tablets without the need for any additional fitting based on the multicomponent formulation composition. It allows the knowledge space of the tablet to be rapidly evaluated, and key regions of interest to be identified for follow-up, targeted experiments that that could lead to an establishment of a design and control space and forgo a laborious initial Design-of-Experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru G Jolliffe
- EPSRC CMAC Future Manufacturing Research Hub, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Ebenezer Ojo
- EPSRC CMAC Future Manufacturing Research Hub, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Carlota Mendez
- EPSRC CMAC Future Manufacturing Research Hub, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Ian Houson
- EPSRC CMAC Future Manufacturing Research Hub, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - Richard Elkes
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Park Road, Ware, Herts SG12 0DP, UK
| | - Gavin Reynolds
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Angela Kong
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 0634, U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth Meehan
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Felipe Amado Becker
- Pharmaceutical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick M Piccione
- Pharmaceutical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sudhir Verma
- Drug Product Development, Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co., 35 Landsdowne St., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Aditya Singaraju
- Synthetic Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA
| | - Gavin Halbert
- EPSRC CMAC Future Manufacturing Research Hub, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK
| | - John Robertson
- EPSRC CMAC Future Manufacturing Research Hub, Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, UK.
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18
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Wünsch I, Henrik Finke J, John E, Juhnke M, Kwade A. Influence of the drug deformation behaviour on the predictability of compressibility and compactibility of binary mixtures. Int J Pharm 2022; 626:122117. [PMID: 35985527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Various studies investigate the predictability of the compressibility and compactibility of tablet formulations based on the behaviour of the pure materials. However, these studies are limited to a few materials so far probably because of the complexity of the powder compaction process. One approach preventing the excessive increase in complexity is the extension of the investigations from pure materials to binary powder mixtures. The focus of this study is on the predictability of the compressibility and compactibility of binary mixtures consisting of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and the excipient microcrystalline cellulose. Three APIs with markedly different deformation behaviour were used. The API concentration and type are systematically varied. For all three material combinations it is found that the in-die compressibility of the binary mixtures can be precisely predicted based on the characteristic compression parameters of the raw materials using the extended in-die compression function in combination with a volume-based linear mixing rule. Since the tablet porosity (out-of-die) also follows a linear mixing rule, the predictability can be further extended using the method of Katz et al. In contrast, the influence of the API concentration on compactibility or rather on tablet tensile strength is non-linear and strongly dependent on the deformation behaviour of the API, making the predictability more difficult. Neither the approach of Reynolds et al. nor this of Kuentz and Leuenberger are able to predict the compactibility when clear deviations from a linear mixing rule appear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Wünsch
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute for Particle Technology, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan Henrik Finke
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute for Particle Technology, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | | | - Arno Kwade
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute for Particle Technology, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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19
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Zhang Y, Li J, Gao Y, Wu F, Hong Y, Shen L, Lin X. Improvements on multiple direct compaction properties of three powders prepared from Puerariae Lobatae Radix using surface and texture modification: comparison of microcrystalline cellulose and two nano-silicas. Int J Pharm 2022; 622:121837. [PMID: 35597395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that hydrophilic nano-silica (N) markedly improved direct compaction (DC) properties of Zingiberis Rhizoma alcoholic extract. This study aims to examine the broader scope and generality of the previous work by investigating (i) three powders, i.e., the directly pulverized product, ethanol extract, and water extract prepared from the same medicinal herb-Puerariae Lobatae Radix (named DP, EE, and WE) and (ii) the effects on their DC properties of co-processing with N, hydrophobic nano-silica (BN), or microcrystalline cellulose (C). Unexpectedly, C provided the best improvement on tabletability for WE, while N for both DP and EE. More importantly, only N could move all parent powders to a regime suitable for DC, and BN rather than C enabled parent WE to be directly compressed. Typically, 6/9 N-modified powders simultaneously met the requirements of DC on bulk density, flowability, and tablet tensile strength (σt). Principal component analysis indicated that DC properties were mainly governed by flowability and texture properties. The partial least-squares regression model revealed that flowability, texture parameters, and deformation behavior of powders were dominating factors impacting tablet σt and solid fraction. Overall, the findings are promising for the manufacture of high drug loading tablets of herbs by DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jinzhi Li
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo 315100, PR China
| | - Yating Gao
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Fei Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yanlong Hong
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Lan Shen
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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20
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Predictive modelling of powder compaction for binary mixtures using the finite element method. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Junnila A, Wikström H, Megarry A, Gholami A, Papathanasiou F, Blomberg A, Ketolainen J, Tajarobi P. Faster to First-time-in-Human: Prediction of the liquid solid ratio for continuous wet granulation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 172:106151. [PMID: 35217210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In early development, when active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is in short supply, it would be beneficial to reduce the number of experiments by predicting a suitable L/S ratio before starting the product development. The aim of the study was to decrease development time and the amount of API needed for the process development of high drug load formulations for continuous twin-screw wet granulation (TSWG). Mixer torque rheometry was used as a pre-formulation tool to predict the suitable L/S ratios for granulation experiments. Three different values that were based on the MTR curves, were determined and assessed for their ability to predict the suitable L/S ratio for TSWG. Three APIs (allopurinol, paracetamol and metformin HCl) were used as model substances in high drug load formulations containing 60% drug substance. The MCC-mannitol ratio was varied to assess the optimal composition for the high-dose formulations. The API solubility affected the mixer torque rheometer (MTR) curves and the optimum L/S ratio for TSWG. The highly soluble metformin needed a much lower L/S ratio compared with allopurinol and paracetamol. A design space was determined for each API based on granule flowability and tablet tensile strength. The flowability of the granules and tensile strength of the tablets improved with an increasing L/S ratio. The MCC-mannitol filler ratio had a significant effect on tabletability for paracetamol and metformin, and these APIs having poor compaction properties needed higher MCC ratios to achieve the 2 MPa limit. The MCC-mannitol ratio had no effect on the granule flow properties. Instead, API properties had the largest influence on both granule flow properties and tensile strength. Based on this study, both the L/S ratio and MCC-mannitol ratio are crucial in controlling the critical quality attributes in high drug load formulations processed by TSWG. The optimum flow and tablet mechanical properties were achieved when using 75:25 MCC-mannitol ratio. Both start of the slope and 2/3 of the L/S ratio at the maximum torque in MTR provided a solid guideline to aim for in a TSWG experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atte Junnila
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Håkan Wikström
- Early Product Development and Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Andrew Megarry
- Early Product Development and Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Aida Gholami
- Early Product Development and Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Foteini Papathanasiou
- Early Product Development and Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Andreas Blomberg
- Early Product Development and Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jarkko Ketolainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirjo Tajarobi
- Early Product Development and Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, 431 83 Mölndal, Sweden.
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22
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Zhao H, Zhao L, Lin X, Shen L. An update on microcrystalline cellulose in direct compression: Functionality, critical material attributes, and co-processed excipients. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118968. [PMID: 34973783 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is one of the most popular cellulose derivatives in the pharmaceutical industry. Thanks to its outstanding tabletability, MCC is generally included in direct compression (DC) tablet formulations containing poor-tabletability active pharmaceutical ingredients. Nowadays, numerous grades of MCC from various brands are accessible for pharmaceutical manufacturers, leading to variability in MCC properties. Hence, it seems to be worthy and urgent to evaluate the influences of MCC variability on tablet quality and to identify critical material attributes (CMAs) based on the idea of Quality by Control. Besides, MCC-based co-processed excipients can effectively combine the functions of the filler, binder, disintegrant, lubricant, glidant, or flavor, and thus have drawn extensive interest. In this review, we focused specifically on the recent advances and development of MCC on DC tableting, including the functions in tablet formulations, potential CMAs, and MCC-based co-possessed excipients, therefore providing a reference for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lijie Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Xiao Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Lan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.1200, Cai-lun Road, Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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23
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White LR, Molloy M, Shaw RJ, Reynolds GK. System model driven selection of robust tablet manufacturing processes based on drug loading and formulation physical attributes. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 172:106140. [PMID: 35149202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic process modelling presents an opportunity to reduce experimental burden, enabling relationships between process parameters and product attributes to be mapped out using in-silico experiments. A system model of a pharmaceutical tablet manufacturing process comparing dry granulation with direct compression is developed to answer key material and process design questions. The system model links API physical properties and formulation to process parameters to map out the robust operating space. To demonstrate the application of the model, several drug product formulation design questions were considered: •Which processing route is the most robust given the API material properties and dosage requirements?;• How does drug loading and tablet size impact the robustness of the manufacturing process?; •What process settings are required for a robust manufacturing route for the API material properties and drug loading requirements?; A computational framework was developed using the system models to generate process classification and design space maps to aid robust pharmaceutical formulation and process decision making. Process classification maps were produced to assess the feasibility of roller compaction and direct compression for different material properties and formulations. Constraints on the critical quality attributes of the intermediate and final products were defined using the Manufacturing Classification System. Design space maps presented here demonstrate how system models can be used to support formulation and process design. The design space maps illustrate how the process operating space can be increased or decreased as the API mass fraction is varied.; The process design and selection system model demonstrate how an understanding of the API physical properties can be used to model the impact of formulation and process design. Furthermore, these models can be instrumental in the dialogue with colleagues developing the API in order to set the requirements of the API physical properties to ensure successful and robust formulation and process designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah R White
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Matthew Molloy
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK.
| | - Robert J Shaw
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Gavin K Reynolds
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
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24
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Puckhaber D, Finke JH, David S, Serratoni M, Zafar U, John E, Juhnke M, Kwade A. Prediction of the impact of lubrication on tablet compactibility. Int J Pharm 2022; 617:121557. [PMID: 35134481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The tableting of most pharmaceutical formulations requires the addition of lubricants to reduce ejection forces, prevent tooling damage and tablet defects. The internal addition of lubricants is known to reduce tablet tensile strength, especially of mainly plastically deforming materials. To date, available models show only limited quantitative predictive accuracy for the influence of lubricant concentration on the mechanical strength of tablets. This study aims to fill this gap and present a model based on the Ryshkewitch-Duckworth equation that can estimate the compactibility profiles of lubricated formulations. Binary mixtures of different diluents (microcrystalline cellulose and lactose) were prepared with common lubricants (magnesium stearate and sodium stearyl fumarate) and subsequently tableted. The resulting compactibility profiles were fitted using the Ryshkewitch-Duckworth equation and the derived fit parameters (kb and σ0) were correlated with the lubricant concentration. Subsequently, an empirical model was established which requires a minimum of experimental data and is able to predict the tensile strength of lubricated diluent tablets. Consequently, the developed empirical model is an interesting and valuable addition to the existing multi-component compacting models available and offers the opportunity to accelerate experimentation in the development of new tablet formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Puckhaber
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Jan Henrik Finke
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Sarah David
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland.
| | | | - Umair Zafar
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland.
| | - Edgar John
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel 4002, Switzerland.
| | | | - Arno Kwade
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Straße 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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25
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Dosta M, Chan TT. Linking process-property relationships for multicomponent agglomerates using DEM-ANN-PBM coupling. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Systematic study of paracetamol powder mixtures and granules tabletability: Key role of rheological properties and dynamic image analysis. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121110. [PMID: 34547394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic study was to analyze the granulometric and rheological behavior of tableting mixtures in relation to tabletability by single tablet and lab-scale batch compression with an eccentric tablet machine. Three mixtures containing 33, 50, and 66% of the cohesive drug paracetamol were prepared. The high compressibility of the powder mixtures caused problems with overcompaction or lamination in the single tablet compression method; due to jamming of the material during the filling of the die, the lab-scale batch compression was impossible. Using high shear granulation, the flow properties and tabletability were adjusted. A linear relationship between the span of granules and the specific energy measured by FT4 powder rheometer was detected. In parallel, a linear relationship between conditioned bulk density and the tensile strength of the tablets at lab-scale batch tableting was noted. The combination of dynamic image analysis and powder rheometry was useful for predicting the tabletability of pharmaceutical mixtures during the single tablet (design) compression and the lab-scale batch compression.
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27
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Wang LG, Omar C, Litster JD, Li J, Mitchell N, Bellinghausen S, Barrasso D, Salman A, Slade D. Tableting model assessment of porosity and tensile strength using a continuous wet granulation route. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120934. [PMID: 34310957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the most widely used tablet compaction models in a continuous wet granulation tableting process. The porosity models, tensile strength models and lubricant models are reviewed from the literature and classified based on their formulations i.e. empirical or theoretical and applications, i.e. batch or continuous. The majority of these models are empirical and were initially developed for batch tabletting process. To ascertain their effectiveness and serviceability in the continuous tableting process, a continuous powder processing line of Diamond Pilot Plant (DiPP) installed at The University of Sheffield was used to provide the quantitative data for tablet model assessment. Magnesium stearate (MgSt) is used as a lubricant to investigate its influence on the tensile strength. Whilst satisfactory predictions from the tablet models can be produced, a compromise between the model fidelity and model simplicity needs to be made for a suitable model selection. The Sonnergaard model outperforms amongst the porosity models whilst the Reynolds model produces the best goodness of fitting for two parameters fitting porosity models. An improved tensile strength model is proposed to consider the influence of powder size and porosity in the continuous tableting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ge Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK; Siemens Process Systems Engineering, Hammersmith, London, UK
| | - Chalak Omar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - James D Litster
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK.
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Siemens Process Systems Engineering, Parsippany, NJ Office, USA
| | - Niall Mitchell
- Siemens Process Systems Engineering, Hammersmith, London, UK
| | | | - Dana Barrasso
- Siemens Process Systems Engineering, Parsippany, NJ Office, USA
| | - Agba Salman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - David Slade
- Siemens Process Systems Engineering, Hammersmith, London, UK
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28
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Markl D, Maclean N, Mann J, Williams H, Abbott A, Mead H, Khadra I. Tablet disintegration performance: Effect of compression pressure and storage conditions on surface liquid absorption and swelling kinetics. Int J Pharm 2021; 601:120382. [PMID: 33812971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The disintegration process of pharmaceutical tablets is a crucial step in the oral delivery of a drug. Tablet disintegration does not only refer to the break up of the interparticle bonds, but also relates to the liquid absorption and swelling behaviour of the tablet. This study demonstrates the use of the sessile drop method coupled with image processing and models to analyse the surface liquid absorption and swelling kinetics of four filler combinations (microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)/mannitol, MCC/lactose, MCC/dibasic calcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) and DCPA/lactose) with croscarmellose sodium as a disintegrant. Changes in the disintegration performance of these formulations were analysed by quantifying the effect of compression pressure and storage condition on characteristic liquid absorption and swelling parameters. The results indicate that the disintegration performance of the MCC/mannitol and MCC/lactose formulations are driven by the liquid absorption behaviour. For the MCC/DCPA formulation, both liquid absorption and swelling characteristics affect the disintegration time, whereas DCPA/lactose tablets is primarily controlled by swelling characteristics of the various excipients. The approach discussed in this study enables a rapid (<1 min) assessment of characteristic properties that are related to tablet disintegration to inform the design of the formulation, process settings and storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Markl
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK; EPSRC Centre for Continuous Manufacturing & Advanced Crystallisation, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Natalie Maclean
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - James Mann
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Helen Williams
- New Modalities and Parenteral Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Alexander Abbott
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Heather Mead
- New Modalities and Parenteral Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Ibrahim Khadra
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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29
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Veronica N, Valeria Liew C, Wan Sia Heng P. Investigation on the impact of different proportions of components in formulations on stability of a moisture sensitive drug. Int J Pharm 2021; 603:120690. [PMID: 33965543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Physicochemical and mechanical properties of tablets are largely dictated by formulation compositions. Different excipients possess different tableting and moisture sorption behaviors. Therefore, this study was designed to elucidate the relative influence of the proportion of components in formulations on tablet properties. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) tablets containing different proportions of starch, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (DCP) were prepared. The excipients were evaluated for their moisture sorption properties. Mechanical strength of the tablets was determined alongside with ASA stability, by storing the tablets at 75% RH, 25 °C. The stability study showed the importance of drug loading level on its stability. For a fixed ASA proportion, formulations with more starch were able to absorb more moisture and possessed larger areas of hysteresis loop in their moisture sorption isotherms. The presence of starch contributed positively to ASA stability although increasing proportions of starch compromised the tablet mechanical properties. Contrastingly, MCC produced mechanically stronger tablets as its plastically deforming and fibrous properties contributed to a good structural network. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the dichotomous effect by the proportion of components in formulations containing a moisture sensitive drug on drug stability and mechanical strength of the resultant tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Veronica
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Celine Valeria Liew
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- GEA-NUS Pharmaceutical Processing Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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30
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Thomas S, Palahnuk H, Amini H, Akseli I. Data-smart machine learning methods for predicting composition-dependent Young's modulus of pharmaceutical compacts. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120049. [PMID: 33171260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The ability to predict mechanical properties of compacted powder blends of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) and excipients solely from component properties can reduce the amount of 'trial-and-error' involved in formulation design. Machine Learning (ML) can reduce model development time and effort with the imperative of adequate historical data. This work describes the utility of linear and nonlinear ML models for predicting Young's modulus (YM) of directly compressed blends of known excipients and unknown API mixed at arbitrary compositions given only the true density of the API. The models were trained with data from compacts of three BCS Class I APIs and two excipients blended at four drug loadings, three excipient compositions, and compacted to five nominal solid fractions. The prediction accuracy of the models was measured using three cross-validation (CV) schemes. Finally, we demonstrate an application of the model to enable Quality-by-Design in formulation design. Limitations of the models and future work have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Thomas
- Engineering Technologies, Bristol Myers Squibb, 556 Morris Ave., Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Hannah Palahnuk
- The College of New Jersey, 2000 Pennington Rd., Ewing, NJ 08628, USA
| | - Hossein Amini
- Engineering Technologies, Bristol Myers Squibb, 556 Morris Ave., Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Ilgaz Akseli
- Engineering Technologies, Bristol Myers Squibb, 556 Morris Ave., Summit, NJ 07901, USA
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31
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Lubrication empirical model to predict tensile strength of directly compressed powder blends. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:119980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Park MS, Choi DH. Application of mechanism-based modeling to predict drug quality during the pharmaceutical unit operations of granulation and compression: a review. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00489-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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33
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A model to simultaneously evaluate the compressibility and compactibility of a powder based on the compression ratio. Int J Pharm 2020; 577:119023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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34
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Kalaria DR, Parker K, Reynolds GK, Laru J. An industrial approach towards solid dosage development for first-in-human studies: Application of predictive science and lean principles. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:505-518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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35
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A material-saving and robust approach for obtaining accurate out-of-die powder compressibility. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Pazesh S, Persson AS, Alderborn G. Atypical compaction behaviour of disordered lactose explained by a shift in type of compact fracture pattern. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS-X 2019; 1:100037. [PMID: 31788670 PMCID: PMC6880114 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2019.100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate tabletability and compactibility for compacts of a series of α-lactose monohydrate powders with different degree of disorder. Regarding the tabletability, the powders of high degree of disorder displayed similar behaviour that deviated markedly from the behaviour of the crystalline powders and the milled powder of modest degree of disorder. The Ryshkewitch-Duckworth equation, describing compactibility, was nearly linear for the crystalline powders, while for the disordered powders the model failed to describe the relationships, i.e. the disordered powders were characterised by a plateau in the Ryshkewitch-Duckworth plots over a relatively wide range of compact porosities. It was concluded that the difference in compaction behaviour of the milled particles compared to the crystalline powders was primarily explained by the increased particle plasticity of the disordered particles. The plateau in the Ryshkewitch-Duckworth plots obtained for the disordered powders was explained by a change in the fracture behaviour of the compacts, from an around grain to an across grain fracture pattern. This implied that the disordered particles can be described as a type of core-shell particles with an amorphous shell and a defective crystalline core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Pazesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann-Sofie Persson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Alderborn
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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37
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Determination of maximum flowable liquid-loading potential of Neusilin® US2 and investigation of compressibility and compactibility of its liquisolid blends with PEG (400). J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Capece M. The Role of Particle Surface Area and Adhesion Force in the Sticking Behavior of Pharmaceutical Powders. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3803-3813. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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A compression behavior classification system of pharmaceutical powders for accelerating direct compression tablet formulation design. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118742. [PMID: 31648016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a compression behavior classification system (CBCS) for direct compression (DC) pharmaceutical powders is presented. Seven descriptors from a series of compression models for powder compressibility, compactibility and tabletability analysis were included in the CBCS. A new tabletability index d was proposed to differentiate three categories of tensile strength (TS) vs. pressure relationships, and its physical meaning was explained thoroughly. 130 materials containing diverse pharmaceutical excipients and natural product powders (NPPs) were fully characterized and were compiled into an in-house developed material library, in which 70 materials with potential DC applications were used to justify the effectiveness of the CBCS. Principle component analysis (PCA) was used to uncover the latent structure of compression variables. Moreover, partial least squares (PLS) regression models are established in prediction of both tablet TS and solid fraction (SF) based on the raw materials' physical characteristics, the compression behavior indices and the compression force. The obtained scores and loadings are used to group the materials and the compression variables, respectively. Different categories of tabletability for DC powders were clearly clustered along two orthogonal directions pointing to the index d and the compression force. Finally, a multi-objective design space was identified under the latent variable space, summarizing the operationally possible region for both material properties and compression pressure required in DC tablet formulation design.
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40
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Pazesh S, Persson AS, Alderborn G. WITHDRAWN: Atypical compaction behaviour of disordered lactose explained by a shift in type of compact fracture pattern. Int J Pharm 2019:118763. [PMID: 31626924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Pazesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ann-Sofie Persson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Alderborn
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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41
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Mishra SM, Rohera BD. Mechanics of tablet formation: a comparative evaluation of percolation theory with classical concepts. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 24:954-966. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1599913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh M. Mishra
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Bhagwan D. Rohera
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
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42
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Schaller BE, Moroney KM, Castro-Dominguez B, Cronin P, Belen-Girona J, Ruane P, Croker DM, Walker GM. Systematic development of a high dosage formulation to enable direct compression of a poorly flowing API: A case study. Int J Pharm 2019; 566:615-630. [PMID: 31158454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the transfer of oral solid dosage forms, currently manufactured via wet granulation, to a continuous direct compression process was considered. Two main challenges were addressed: (1) a poorly flowing API (Canagliflozin) and (2) high drug loading (51 wt%). A scientific approach was utilised for formulation development, targeting flow and compaction behaviour suitable for manufacturing scale. This was achieved through systematic screening of excipients to identify feasible formulations. Targeted design of experiments based on factors such as formulation mixture and processing parameters were utilised to investigate key responses for tablet properties, flow and compaction behaviour. Flow behaviour was primarily evaluated from percentage compressibility and shear cell testing on a powder flow rheometer (FT4). The compaction behaviour was studied using a compaction simulator (Gamlen). The relationships between tablet porosity, tensile strength and compaction pressure were used to evaluate tabletability, compactibility and compressibility to assess scale-up. The success of this design procedure is illustrated by scaling up from the compaction simulator to a Riva Piccola rotary tablet press, while maintaining critical quality attributes (CQAs). Compactibility was identified as a suitable scale-up relationship. The developed procedure should allow accelerated development of formulations for continuous direct compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara E Schaller
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Kevin M Moroney
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; MACSI, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Patrick Cronin
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jorge Belen-Girona
- Johnson & Johnson Supply Chain, Product Supply - Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, USA
| | - Patrick Ruane
- Johnson & Johnson Supply Chain, Product Supply - Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, USA
| | - Denise M Croker
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Gavin M Walker
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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43
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Nofrerias I, Nardi A, Suñé-Pou M, Boeckmans J, Suñé-Negre JM, García-Montoya E, Pérez-Lozano P, Ticó-Grau JR, Miñarro-Carmona M. Optimization of the Cohesion Index in the SeDeM Diagram Expert System and application of SeDeM Diagram: An improved methodology to determine the Cohesion Index. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203846. [PMID: 30212557 PMCID: PMC6136784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we suggest optimizing the methodology to determine the Cohesion Index (Icd) in order to avoid mistaken characterizations due to powder bulk density. For this purpose, five different excipients, with different bulk densities and of different chemical nature, were compressed at different heights. Their compression and their tablet characterization enable establishing a powder weight for compression in accordance with its bulk density. Therefore, the resulting tablet will have a height within a defined range of heights where it has no critical effects on its hardness. Then, the impact of this optimization is shown in a formula development, one of the main SeDeM's applications. A mathematical equation was used to calculate the theoretical amount of excipient to formulate the API according to both methodologies. The compression results demonstrate that the characterization with the NM-Icd is more accurate than the previous one while preserving its simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Nofrerias
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Nardi
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Suñé-Pou
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine “López Neyra” (IPBLN-CSIC), PTS, Granada, Spain
| | - Joost Boeckmans
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Suñé-Negre
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, IDIBELL-UB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Encarna García-Montoya
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, IDIBELL-UB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-Lozano
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, IDIBELL-UB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Ramón Ticó-Grau
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, IDIBELL-UB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Miñarro-Carmona
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, IDIBELL-UB, Barcelona, Spain
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44
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Nordström J, Alderborn G, Frenning G. Compressibility and tablet forming ability of bimodal granule mixtures: Experiments and DEM simulations. Int J Pharm 2018; 540:120-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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