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Wilding MR, Hibbert JSR, Tucker JA, Magee CE, Bauer-Staeb C, Wood SA. Prevalence of moderate or greater permanent childhood hearing impairment and effectiveness of targeted surveillance for babies who pass newborn hearing screening. Int J Audiol 2024; 63:596-603. [PMID: 37395525 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2023.2227763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the utility of targeted surveillance for the identification of moderate to profound PCHI in babies who pass newborn hearing screening in England and have risk factors. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. STUDY SAMPLE A total of 3,957,891 children born 01/04/2012-31/03/2018 in England. RESULTS A total of 7148 PCHI cases were identified (1.81 per 1,000 babies). 6,707 followed an immediate referral from the screen (1 per 16 referrals), 51 followed targeted surveillance referral (1 per 540 referrals) and 390 without a referral. Audiology uptake was higher following an immediate referral (96.7% overall, 77.2% within NHSP-defined timescales) than following targeted surveillance (63.8% overall, 51.1% within 52 weeks of birth). The screening was 94.5% sensitive overall, with similar sensitivities for each of the risk factors. General linearised logistic regression models identified syndrome as the risk factor with the highest odds ratio (14.08 for all babies, 22.19 for babies without immediate referral). Close family history of hearing loss was the next highest (10.93 for all babies, 12.29 for babies without immediate referral). CONCLUSION The evidence for a targeted surveillance programme, based on risk factors, for babies in England who pass the newborn screen is not strong.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julie A Tucker
- Newborn Hearing Screening Programme, NHS England, England, UK
| | | | - Clarissa Bauer-Staeb
- Department of Health and Social Care, Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, England, UK
| | - Sally A Wood
- Newborn Hearing Screening Programme, NHS England, England, UK
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Fitzgibbons EJ, Driscoll C, Traves L, Beswick R. Detecting Hearing Loss Through Targeted Surveillance: Risk Registry and Surveillance Timeframe Recommendations. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2024; 67:2394-2409. [PMID: 38875481 DOI: 10.1044/2024_jslhr-23-00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to inform the revision of a targeted surveillance risk registry by identifying which risk factors predict postnatally identified hearing loss (PNIHL) in children who pass newborn hearing screening and to determine whether hearing surveillance beyond the age of 1 year is warranted. METHOD We used retrospective analysis of the audiological outcomes of children born in the state of Queensland, Australia, between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019, who passed the newborn hearing screen with risk factors. RESULTS Approximately one third of children were lost to follow-up and could not be included in the analysis. Risk factors that predicted PNIHL in the analyzed cohort were as follows: syndromes associated with hearing loss, craniofacial anomalies, perinatal infections, and family history of permanent childhood hearing loss. Severe asphyxia did not predict PNIHL but yielded some cases of significant bilateral hearing loss. Hearing loss in children with a history of prolonged ventilation was mild and/or unilateral in nature (except in cases where the hearing loss was due to an unrelated etiology). There were no cases of PNIHL in children with hyperbilirubinemia or neonatal bacterial meningitis. For the risk factors that predicted PNIHL, nearly all hearing losses were detected by 1 year of age, except for children with family history where one quarter of hearing losses had a later onset. CONCLUSIONS The four risk factors recommended for efficient postnatal identification of hearing loss are as follows: syndromes associated with hearing loss, craniofacial anomalies, perinatal infection, and family history of permanent childhood hearing loss. Hearing surveillance through to 1 year old is sufficient except for children with a family history, where a second phase assessment is indicated. Alternative targeted surveillance protocols and models of care are required to minimize loss to follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jane Fitzgibbons
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carlie Driscoll
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Services, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lia Traves
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rachael Beswick
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
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Mackey AR, Persson A, Uhlén I. Pre-school hearing screening is necessary to detect childhood hearing loss after the newborn period: a study exploring risk factors, additional disabilities, and referral pathways. Int J Audiol 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38913507 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2024.2368571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore strategies for detecting childhood hearing loss, aside from newborn hearing screening. DESIGN A retrospective review of medical records on the modes of detection of hearing loss, risk factors for late-onset hearing loss, hearing loss degree, aetiology, additional disabilities, and timelines from referral to intervention. STUDY SAMPLE Children, born 2006 to 2015, enrolled for intervention whose hearing loss was detected up to age 7 years but not from newborn hearing screening (n = 326). RESULTS Universal pre-school hearing screening detected 38% of the cohort at 4-5 years of age. Risk factors for late-onset hearing loss were present in 36% of children, 80% of whom had a reported family history. Sixty-nine percent had mild bilateral or unilateral hearing loss. Children with additional disabilities faced significantly longer delays from referral to intervention. Children self-referred due to parent concern had more severe degree of hearing loss than those referred from screening. CONCLUSION Most children with hearing loss detected after the newborn period do not have any known risk factors for late-onset hearing loss. Pre-school hearing screening is needed for comprehensive detection of hearing loss in early childhood. More work is needed towards improving timely diagnosis and intervention for children with additional disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Mackey
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Persson
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hearing and Balance, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Uhlén
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Hearing and Balance, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Moore M, Fitzgibbons EJ, Driscoll C, Beswick R. Neonatal bacterial meningitis: hearing screening and audiological monitoring outcomes. Int J Audiol 2023; 62:1101-1107. [PMID: 36409649 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2145514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study reviewed the outcomes of universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) and ongoing hearing monitoring in children following recovery from neonatal bacterial meningitis to determine (a) whether screening may be a suitable alternative to diagnostic audiology for detecting permanent childhood hearing loss (PCHL) and (b) whether infants who pass UNHS should be monitored throughout childhood. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of a UNHS database. STUDY SAMPLE Data were extracted from the state-wide UNHS database for all children born in Queensland Australia between 1 September 2004 and 30 June 2020 with the risk factor of bacterial meningitis (in isolation or in combination with other risk factors) identified at the time of the UNHS. This cohort included 231 children. RESULTS Results showed that all post-meningitic infants diagnosed with PCHL had a refer result on the UNHS or were medically excluded from screening. Additionally, no cases of PCHL were identified through the targeted surveillance program following a pass result on UNHS. CONCLUSIONS UNHS may be sufficient to detect PCHL in post-meningitic neonates and routine audiological monitoring may not be required for children who pass the screen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Moore
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - E Jane Fitzgibbons
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carlie Driscoll
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Services, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rachael Beswick
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
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Fitzgibbons EJ, Keszegi S, Driscoll C, Beswick R. Childhood hearing loss detected beyond the newborn screen. Int J Audiol 2023; 62:278-285. [PMID: 35225141 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2022.2042606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the characteristics of postnatal hearing loss (PNHL) identified via different referral pathways, to inform childhood hearing screening and referral practices. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of screening and audiology records. STUDY SAMPLE A cohort of 385 children who passed newborn hearing screening in Queensland, Australia between September 2004 and December 2017 and were later diagnosed with permanent hearing loss. RESULTS Neonatally identified risk factors facilitated detection for half the cohort, with PNHL detected earlier (average age of 31 months) and at a milder degree. PNHL was detected at an average age of 49 months via other pathways. Proportions of bilateral moderate or greater PNHL were greatest in children with significant medical circumstances (60.7%) and those with noted delays or concerns (39.2%), whereas childhood hearing screening programs detected greater proportions of unilateral moderate or greater PNHL (47.4%). CONCLUSIONS Risk-factor-based surveillance detects PNHL early but does not detect all cases. Screening children with speech and language delays, parental or professional concern, or with relevant medical circumstances (eg meningitis or chemotherapy) is warranted based on the types of PNHL detected. Further evidence may be required to justify the rollout of postnatal population childhood screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jane Fitzgibbons
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stephanie Keszegi
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carlie Driscoll
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Services, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rachael Beswick
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
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Cochlear nerve deficiency is an important cause of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder at a population level in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 158:111171. [PMID: 35552163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence, prevalence and describe risk factors and etiology for childhood Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder using population level data from a statewide universal newborn hearing program. METHODS A retrospective statewide universal newborn hearing screening database review and descriptive analysis from 2012 to 2019 of demographic, risk factors and hearing loss etiology for babies with sensorineural hearing loss and ANSD was completed. A 2 stage aABR protocol was used and ANSD was classified when click evoked ABR were absent or grossly abnormal but otoacoustic emissions and or cochlear microphonics were present. Medical evaluation and investigation by a pediatrician or otolaryngologist was performed and etiology was assigned using a coding scheme. Next generation genetic sequencing was not available. RESULTS From 2012 to 2019, 487 636 babies were screened for congenital hearing loss (99.1%) and 1150 were confirmed to have permanent SNHL, 80 of whom were diagnosed with ANSD (52 unilateral and 28 bilateral). The prevalence of ANSD was 7.0% and population prevalence was 0.16 per 1000 live births. The only demographic or risk factor significantly more likely to be associated with ANSD than SNHL was hyperbilirubinemia. The most common etiology for ANSD was hypoplasia or absence of the cochlear nerve with 37 cases (46.3%), and it was significantly more likely with unilateral than bilateral ANSD. CONCLUSION At a population level, ANSD was more likely to be unilateral and the only perinatal risk factor significantly associated was hyperbilirubinemia. Cochlear nerve deficiency was the most common etiology. Given that this can occur in well babies, this provides further evidence for aABR as a preferred mode for newborn hearing screening.
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Liddle K, Beswick R, Fitzgibbons EJ, Driscoll C. Aetiology of permanent childhood hearing loss at a population level. J Paediatr Child Health 2022; 58:440-447. [PMID: 34546616 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.15738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate and describe results of aetiological investigations offered to a population level cohort of babies who had confirmed permanent hearing loss after they either (i) failed universal neonatal hearing screening or (ii) passed newborn screening but were detected with a permanent hearing loss in early childhood. METHODS Descriptive analysis of results of investigations offered to neonates and young children in whom permanent hearing loss was detected as part of a statewide newborn hearing screening programme. A total of 306 285 newborns were screened between 2013 and 2017. The failed screening results were confirmed by a diagnostic audiological assessment battery. Medical evaluation for the identification of the cause of the hearing loss was performed by a paediatrician or otolaryngologist, investigations were ordered using a stepwise approach, and aetiology was assigned using a coding scheme. RESULTS Permanent hearing loss was confirmed in 967 children (0.3%). Data were available for 873. An aetiological factor was identified or presumed in 61.3% of cases. Genetic causes were present in 26.8% and structural causes were present in 24.9% of cases. Congenital cytomegalovirus was present in 4.4%. CONCLUSIONS Use of a coding scheme is feasible at a population level and allows collation of data from multiple sites and will allow outcome mapping and service planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Liddle
- Child Development Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Centre for Children's Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachael Beswick
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - E Jane Fitzgibbons
- Healthy Hearing Program, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carlie Driscoll
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Vos B, Noll D, Whittingham J, Pigeon M, Bagatto M, Fitzpatrick EM. Cytomegalovirus-A Risk Factor for Childhood Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review. Ear Hear 2021; 42:1447-1461. [PMID: 33928914 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Permanent hearing loss is an important public health issue in children with consequences for language, social, and academic functioning. Early hearing detection, intervention, and monitoring are important in mitigating the impact of permanent childhood hearing loss. Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a leading cause of hearing loss. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the evidence on the association between CMV infection and permanent childhood hearing loss. DESIGN We performed a systematic review and examined scientific literature from the following databases: MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily and Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase, and CINAHL. The primary outcome was permanent bilateral or unilateral hearing loss with congenital onset or onset during childhood (birth to 18 years). The secondary outcome was progressive hearing loss. We included studies reporting data on CMV infection. Randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, nonrandomized comparative and noncomparative studies, and case series were considered. Data were extracted and the quality of individual studies was assessed with the Qualitative Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies (McMaster University). The quality and strength of the evidence were graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). A narrative synthesis was completed. RESULTS Sixty-five articles were included in the review. Prevalence of hearing loss at birth was over 33% among symptomatic CMV-infected newborns and less than 15% in asymptomatic infections. This difference in prevalence was maintained during childhood with more than 40% prevalence reported for symptomatic and less than 30% for asymptomatic CMV. Late-onset and progressive hearing loss appear to be characteristic of congenital CMV infections. Definitions of hearing loss, degree of loss, and reporting of laterality varied across studies. All degrees and both bilateral and unilateral loss were reported, regardless of symptomatic and asymptomatic status at birth, and no conclusions about the characteristics of hearing loss could be drawn. Various patterns of hearing loss were reported including stable, progressive, and fluctuating, and improvement in hearing (sometimes to normal hearing) was documented. These changes were reported in children with symptomatic/asymptomatic congenital CMV infection, presenting with congenital/early onset/late-onset hearing loss and in children treated and untreated with antiviral medication. CONCLUSIONS Symptomatic and asymptomatic congenital CMV infection should be considered a risk factor for hearing loss at birth and during childhood and for progressive hearing loss. Therefore, CMV should be included as a risk factor in screening and surveillance programs and be taken into account in clinical follow-up of children with hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Vos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dorie Noll
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Marlene Bagatto
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders and the National Centre for Audiology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth M Fitzpatrick
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Horn P, Driscoll C, Fitzgibbons J, Beswick R. Detecting Hearing Loss in Infants With a Syndrome or Craniofacial Abnormalities Following the Newborn Hearing Screen. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2021; 64:3594-3602. [PMID: 34403284 DOI: 10.1044/2021_jslhr-20-00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The current Joint Committee on Infant Hearing guidelines recommend that infants with syndromes or craniofacial abnormalities (CFAs) who pass the universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) undergo audiological assessment by 9 months of age. However, emerging research suggests that children with these risk factors are at increased risk of early hearing loss despite passing UNHS. To establish whether earlier diagnostic audiological assessment is warranted for all infants with a syndrome or CFA, regardless of screening outcome, this study compared audiological outcomes of those who passed UNHS and those who referred. Method A retrospective analysis was performed on infants with a syndrome or CFA born between July 1, 2012, and June 30, 2017 who participated in Queensland, Australia's state-wide UNHS program. Results Permanent childhood hearing loss (PCHL) yield was higher among infants who referred on newborn hearing screening (51.20%) than in those who passed. Nonetheless, 27.47% of infants who passed were subsequently diagnosed with hearing loss (4.45% PCHL, 23.02% transient conductive), but PCHL was generally milder in this cohort. After microtia/atresia, the most common PCHL etiologies were Trisomy 21, other syndromes, and cleft palate. Of the other syndromes, Pierre Robin sequence featured prominently among infants who passed the hearing screen and were subsequently diagnosed with PCHL, whereas there was a broader mix of other syndromes that caused PCHL in infants who referred on screening. Conclusion Children identified with a syndrome or CFA benefit from early diagnostic audiological assessment, regardless of their newborn hearing screening outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Horn
- Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carlie Driscoll
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jane Fitzgibbons
- Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rachael Beswick
- Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, South Brisbane, Australia
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10
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Malesci R, Burattini E, Franze A, Auletta G, Laria C, Errichiello M, Toscano F, Monzillo C, Marciano E. Targeted Audiological Surveillance Program in Campania, Italy. Indian Pediatr 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-021-2214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bussé AML, Mackey AR, Carr G, Hoeve HLJ, Uhlén IM, Goedegebure A, Simonsz HJ. Assessment of hearing screening programmes across 47 countries or regions III: provision of childhood hearing screening after the newborn period. Int J Audiol 2021; 60:841-848. [PMID: 33835906 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1897170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To inventory provision and features of childhood hearing screening after the newborn period (CHS), primarily in Europe. DESIGN From each participating country or region, experts provided information through an extensive questionnaire: implementation year, age at screening, test method, pass criteria, screening location, screener profession, and quality indicators: coverage, referral, follow-up and detection rates, supplemented by literature sources. STUDY SAMPLE Forty-two European countries or regions, plus Russia, Malawi, Rwanda, India, and China. RESULTS CHS was performed universally with pure-tone audiometry screening (PTS) in 17 countries or regions, whereas non-universal CHS was performed in eight with PTS or whisper tests. All participating countries with universal PTS had newborn hearing screening. Coverage rate was provided from three countries, detection rate from one, and referral and follow-up rate from two. In four countries, universal PTS was performed at two ages. Earliest universal PTS was performed in a (pre)school setting by nurses (n = 9, median age: 5 years, range: 3-7), in a healthcare setting by doctors and nurses (n = 7, median age: 4.5 years, range: 4-7), or in both (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS Within universal CHS, PTS was mostly performed at 4-6 years by nurses. Insufficient collection of data and monitoring with quality indicators impedes evaluation of screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M L Bussé
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head, Neck Surgery and Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gwen Carr
- Early Hearing Detection, Intervention and Family Centered Practice, London, UK
| | - Hans L J Hoeve
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head, Neck Surgery and Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - André Goedegebure
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head, Neck Surgery and Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huibert J Simonsz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head, Neck Surgery and Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Carol Liu YC, Ibekwe T, Kelso JM, Klein NP, Shehu N, Steuerwald W, Aneja S, Dudley MZ, Garry R, Munoz FM. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) as an adverse event following immunization (AEFI): Case definition & guidelines for data collection, analysis, and presentation of immunization safety data. Vaccine 2020; 38:4717-4731. [PMID: 32418788 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This is a Brighton Collaboration case definition of the term "Sensorineural Hearing Loss" to be utilized in the evaluation of adverse events following immunization. The case definition was developed by a group of experts convened by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) in the context of active development of vaccines for Lassa Fever and other emerging pathogens. The case definition format of the Brighton Collaboration was followed to develop a consensus definition and define levels of diagnostic certainty, after an exhaustive review of the literature and expert consultation. The document underwent peer review by the Brighton Collaboration Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Carol Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Titus Ibekwe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Abuja, Nigeria
| | - John M Kelso
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nicola P Klein
- Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Shehu
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Jos University, Nigeria
| | - Wendy Steuerwald
- Department of Audiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Satinder Aneja
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Gr Noida, India
| | - Matthew Z Dudley
- Department of International Health, and Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Flor M Munoz
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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13
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Wang Q, Xiang J, Sun J, Yang Y, Guan J, Wang D, Song C, Guo L, Wang H, Chen Y, Leng J, Wang X, Zhang J, Han B, Zou J, Yan C, Zhao L, Luo H, Han Y, Yuan W, Zhang H, Wang W, Wang J, Yang H, Xu X, Yin Y, Morton CC, Zhao L, Zhu S, Shen J, Peng Z. Nationwide population genetic screening improves outcomes of newborn screening for hearing loss in China. Genet Med 2019; 21:2231-2238. [PMID: 30890784 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The benefits of concurrent newborn hearing and genetic screening have not been statistically proven due to limited sample sizes and outcome data. To fill this gap, we analyzed outcomes of newborns with genetic screening results. METHODS Newborns in China were screened for 20 hearing-loss-related genetic variants from 2012 to 2017. Genetic results were categorized as positive, at-risk, inconclusive, or negative. Hearing screening results, risk factors, and up-to-date hearing status were followed up via phone interviews. RESULTS Following up 12,778 of 1.2 million genetically screened newborns revealed a higher rate of hearing loss by three months of age among referrals from the initial hearing screening (60% vs. 5.0%, P < 0.001) and a lower rate of lost-to-follow-up/documentation (5% vs. 22%, P < 0.001) in the positive group than in the inconclusive group. Importantly, genetic screening detected 13% more hearing-impaired infants than hearing screening alone and identified 2,638 (0.23% of total) newborns predisposed to preventable ototoxicity undetectable by hearing screening. CONCLUSION Incorporating genetic screening improves the effectiveness of newborn hearing screening programs by elucidating etiologies, discerning high-risk subgroups for vigilant management, identifying additional children who may benefit from early intervention, and informing at-risk newborns and their maternal relatives of increased susceptibility to ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jun Sun
- Tianjin Medical Laboratory, BGI-Tianjin, BGI-Shenzhen, Tianjin, China
- Binhai Genomics Institute, BGI-Tianjin, BGI-Shenzhen, Tianjin, China
| | - Yun Yang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Song
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Jining Maternal and Child Health Care Service Center, Jining, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqiu Chen
- Tianjin Women and Children's Health Centre, Tianjing, China
| | - Junhong Leng
- Tianjin Women and Children's Health Centre, Tianjing, China
| | - Xiaman Wang
- BGI Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Tianjin Medical Laboratory, BGI-Tianjin, BGI-Shenzhen, Tianjin, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zou
- MGI, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Lidong Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Luo
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Wuhan BGI Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Wuhan BGI Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- BGI Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Wang
- BGI-Beijing, BGI-Shenzhen, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ye Yin
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cynthia C Morton
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Manchester Center for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lijian Zhao
- BGI Clinical Laboratory, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Shida Zhu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
- China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Innovative Molecular Diagnostics, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jun Shen
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Zhiyu Peng
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
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Wang CH, Yang CY, Lien R, Chu SM, Hsu JF, Fu RH, Chiang MC. Prevalence and independent risk factors for hearing impairment among very low birth weight infants. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 93:123-127. [PMID: 28109482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although we've made big strides in perinatal and neonatal care, auditory handicap remains a serious complication in those who were born very premature. OBJECTIVES The aim was to determine the prevalence and analyze possible risk factors of hearing impairment in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study by reviewing medical records of all VLBW infants (BW ≤ 1500 g) admitted to NICU of Chang Gung Children's Hospital over 2 years period from Jan. 2010 to 2011. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) hearing screening was performed at 3 months postnatal corrective age and repeated if failed the 1st time, then refer to ENT doctor if BAEP confirmed abnormal. All VLBW infants examined for hearing impairment were included and data were retrieved retrospectively and analyzed for neonatal risk factors using logistic regression. RESULTS Over the period, 309 VLBW infants were screened. Prevalence of uni- or bilateral hearing impairment was 3.9% (12/309; 95% CI 2.6-4.1). The mean corrective age on diagnosed of hearing impairment was 2.9 ± 1.1 (range 1-5) months. Mean gestational age was 27.9 weeks (SD 1.4) and mean birth weight was 1028 g (SD 180). By univariant analysis for hearing impairment, severe birth asphyxia, craniofacial anomalies, ventilator dependence, patent ductus arteriosus ligation, and use of postnatal ototoxins yielded good prediction of hearing impairment in this population. However, using multivariate analysis revealed that the only independent risk factors for hearing impairment were ototoxins (OR: 3.62; CI: 1.67-7.82), PDA ligation (OR: 4.96; CI: 2.34-10.52), craniofacial anomalies (OR: 3.42; CI: 1.70-6.88)and assisted prolonged use of oxygen at gestational age of >36 weeks (OR: 5.94; CI: 2.61-13.54). CONCLUSION The incidence of hearing impairment among VLBW infants was 3.9%. Prolonged supplemental oxygen use is a marker for predicting hearing impairment; this requires detailed analysis of the pathophysiologic features, to reduce the prevalence of hearing impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ho Wang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yo Yang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan; Center for Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The LAC/USC Medical Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2051 Marengo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Reyin Lien
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Chu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Fu Hsu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Huei Fu
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chou Chiang
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
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15
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Calcutt TL, Dornan D, Beswick R, Tudehope DI. Newborn hearing screening in Queensland 2009-2011: Comparison of hearing screening and diagnostic audiological assessment between term and preterm infants. J Paediatr Child Health 2016; 52:995-1003. [PMID: 27521761 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study compares rates and timing of newborn hearing screening outcomes, audiological assessment and hearing loss diagnosis between infants of different gestational age groups. Early identification and management of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), ideally by 3-6 months of age, facilitates speech and language optimisation. Literature stratifying hearing screening and diagnostic audiology assessment by gestational age groups is lacking. METHODS Subjects were infants with recorded gestational ages receiving newborn hearing screening in Queensland between 2009 and 2011. Data were provided through the Queensland Healthy Hearing database. Infants were analysed in <34 weeks, 34-36+6 weeks, 37-38+6 weeks and ≥39 weeks gestational age groups. RESULTS Infants (175 911) were eligible for analysis, 7.9% being preterm. Per 1000 infants analysed, bilateral SNHL of >40 dB occurred in 2.4 for <34, 1.4 for 34-36+6 , 0.7 for 37-38+6 and 0.7 for ≥39 weeks gestation. Diagnoses attributable to newborn hearing screening direct referral were 93.1% for bilateral >40 dB SNHL and 88.2% for other hearing loss. Relative to term, preterm infants had a higher incidence of direct and targeted surveillance referrals, audiology assessment and hearing loss diagnosis. Preterm infants were screened later after birth. CONCLUSIONS Specific hearing screening and diagnosis characteristics differed between preterm infants <34 and 34-36+6 weeks gestation, and term infants. Consideration of unique gestational age strata characteristics supports care individualisation. Preterm infants represent a diagnostic challenge, with higher rates of bilateral >40 dB SNHL than term but correspondingly higher false positive results on screening, justifying vigilant monitoring. Focused research into specific risk factors in preterm infants is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent L Calcutt
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dimity Dornan
- Hear and Say, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Health and Rehabilitation, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachael Beswick
- Healthy Hearing, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David I Tudehope
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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17
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Orzan E, Ruta F, Bolzonello P, Marchi R, Ceschin F, Ciciriello E. Childhood hearing surveillance activity in Italy: preliminary recommendations. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA 2016; 36:15-20. [PMID: 27054386 PMCID: PMC4825060 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Following the positive outcomes of the newborn hearing screening programmes already underway in several Italian regions, it is now necessary to address the identification of childhood hearing impairments that missed the neonatal screening programme or have delayed onset. Within the framework of the Ministry of Health project CCM 2013 "Preventing Communication Disorders: a Regional Program for early Identification, Intervention and Care of Hearing Impaired Children", a group of professionals identified three main recommendations that can be useful to improve hearing surveillance activity within the regional and state Italian Health System. The family paediatrician is recognised as having a key role in ongoing monitoring of hearing capacity and development of the growing child.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Orzan
- Audiology and Otolaryngology Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - F Ruta
- Family Paediatrician, Azienda per l'Assistenza Sanitaria n. 5 "Friuli Occidentale", Italy
| | - P Bolzonello
- Service of Audiology, Azienda per l'Assistenza Sanitaria n. 5 "Friuli Occidentale", Hospital of Pordenone, Italy
| | - R Marchi
- Audiology and Otolaryngology Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - F Ceschin
- Family Paediatrician Azienda per l'Assistenza Sanitaria n. 5 "Friuli Occidentale", Italy
| | - E Ciciriello
- Audiology and Otolaryngology Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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Walker EA, Holte L, Spratford M, Oleson J, Welhaven A, Harrison M. Timeliness of service delivery for children with later-identified mild-to-severe hearing loss. Am J Audiol 2015; 23:116-28. [PMID: 24018573 DOI: 10.1044/1059-0889(2013/13-0031)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the authors examined diagnostic and intervention services for children identified with hearing loss (HL) after the newborn period. METHOD The authors compared ages at service delivery and length of delays between service delivery steps for 57 later-identified children with HL and 193 children who referred for assessment from the newborn hearing screen (NHS). For only later-identified children, regression models were used to investigate relationships among predictor variables and dependent variables related to service delivery. RESULTS Children who referred from the NHS received follow-up services at younger ages than later-identified children. Later-identified children had significantly longer delays from HL confirmation to entry into early intervention, compared to children who referred from the NHS. For later-identified children, degree of HL predicted ages at follow-up clinical services. Children with more severe HL received services at younger ages compared to children with milder HL. Gender predicted the length of the delay from confirmation to entry into early intervention, with girls demonstrating shorter delays. CONCLUSIONS The current results lend support to the need for ongoing hearing monitoring programs after the neonatal period, particularly when children enter early intervention programs because of language/developmental delays.
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19
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The validity of family history as a risk factor in pediatric hearing loss. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 79:654-9. [PMID: 25758197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A family history of permanent childhood hearing loss is considered a risk factor for pediatric hearing loss, although its validity has been sparsely examined. This study aimed to: (1) investigate the prevalence and yield of this risk factor for congenital and postnatal hearing losses, (2) define the audiometric characteristics of hearing loss in children with positive family histories, and (3) assess the nature of the familial relationships. METHOD A retrospective cohort study including all children born in Queensland, Australia between September 2004 and December 2011 who had completed Healthy Hearing's newborn hearing screen (n=380,895). RESULTS (1) Prevalence of the risk factor was 1.09% (4138/380,895). Prevalence of the risk factor in congenital cases was 7.29% and in postnatal cases was 36.84%. A low yield was identified for both congenital and postnatal groups (1.43% and 1.7%, respectively). (2) The degree of loss in congenital cases was highly varied, whereas the predominant degree in postnatal cases was mild. The most frequent type of loss for congenital cases was sensorineural, whereas for postnatal cases it was conductive. (3) Maternal or sibling relationships were most commonly reported for congenital losses, and maternal or paternal relationships for postnatal losses. CONCLUSIONS Children with a family history of pediatric hearing loss should have their hearing screened at birth and be monitored throughout early childhood. However, more efficient surveillance methods should be considered in view of the high prevalence with low yield.
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Dodd-Murphy J, Murphy W, Bess FH. Accuracy of school screenings in the identification of minimal sensorineural hearing loss. Am J Audiol 2014; 23:365-73. [PMID: 25088976 DOI: 10.1044/2014_aja-14-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this study was to investigate how the use of a 25 dB HL referral criterion in school screenings affects the identification of hearing loss categorized as minimal sensorineural hearing loss (MSHL). METHOD A retrospective study applied screening levels of 20 and 25 dB HL at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz in each ear to previously obtained pure-tone thresholds for 1,475 school-age children. In a separate prospective study, 1,704 children were screened at school under typical conditions, and a subsample had complete audiological evaluations. Referral rates, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated for each screening level. RESULTS Referral rates varied by grade and criterion level, with comparable results between the two data sets. In both studies, when the screening level increased, the sensitivity to MSHL declined markedly, whereas specificity increased in the prospective study. CONCLUSIONS Screening at 25 dB yields poor sensitivity to MSHL. Converging evidence from these diverse populations supports using the 20 dB level to help identify MSHL. Multistage screening is recommended to limit referral rates. Even at 20 dB HL, cases of MSHL may be missed. Audiologists should encourage parents, educators, and speech–language pathologists to refer children suspected of hearing difficulty for complete audiological evaluations even if they pass school screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fred H. Bess
- Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
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21
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Lang-Roth R. Hearing impairment and language delay in infants: Diagnostics and genetics. GMS CURRENT TOPICS IN OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2014; 13:Doc05. [PMID: 25587365 PMCID: PMC4273166 DOI: 10.3205/cto000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This overview study provides information on important phoniatric and audiological aspects of early childhood hearing and language development with the aim of presenting diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The article first addresses the universal newborn hearing screening that has been implemented in Germany for all infants since January 2009. The process of newborn hearing screening from the maternity ward to confirmation diagnostics is presented in accordance with a decision by the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA). The second topic is pediatric audiology diagnostics. Following confirmation of a permanent early childhood hearing disorder, the search for the cause plays an important role. Hereditary hearing disorders and intrauterine cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, probably the most common cause of an acquired hearing disorder, are discussed and compared with the most common temporary hearing disorder, otitis media with effusion, which in some cases is severe enough to be relevant for hearing and language development and therefore requires treatment. The third topic covered in this article is speech and language development in the first 3 years of life, which is known today to be crucial for later language development and learning to read and write. There is a short overview and introduction to modern terminology, followed by the abnormalities and diagnostics of early speech and language development. Only some aspects of early hearing and language development are addressed here. Important areas such as the indication for a cochlear implant in the first year of life or because of unilateral deafness are not included due to their complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Lang-Roth
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cologne University Hospital. Köln, Germany
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Abu-Shaheen A, Al-Masri M, El-Bakri N, Batieha A, Nofal A, Abdelmoety D. Prevalence and risk factors of hearing loss among infants in Jordan: Initial results from universal neonatal screening. Int J Audiol 2014; 53:915-20. [DOI: 10.3109/14992027.2014.944275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Wood SA, Davis AC, Sutton GJ. Effectiveness of targeted surveillance to identify moderate to profound permanent childhood hearing impairment in babies with risk factors who pass newborn screening. Int J Audiol 2013; 52:394-9. [PMID: 23473330 DOI: 10.3109/14992027.2013.769067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effectiveness of targeted surveillance for the identification of moderate-profound PCHI in babies who pass the newborn hearing screen in England and have risk factors. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. STUDY SAMPLE 2,307,880 children born 01/04/06-30/09/09 in England. RESULTS Overall the prevalence for all PCHI in children with risk factors who pass newborn hearing screening is 1.49/1000. The risk factors with the highest prevalence are (1) Syndrome (other than Down's) associated with a hearing loss; (2) NICU with refer in both ears at OAE and pass in both ears at AABR; (3) Craniofacial anomaly; (4) Down's syndrome; (5) Congenital infection. CONCLUSION Targeted surveillance for children who pass the screen and have the risk factors 1-5 listed above will be retained within the English NHSP; targeted surveillance for children who pass the screen and have other risk factors is not effective and has been discontinued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Wood
- Newborn Hearing Screening Programme Centre (England), Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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