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Coulibaly WH, Tohoyessou YMG, Konan PAK, Djè KM. Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of two industrial beers produced in Ivory Coast. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19168. [PMID: 37664754 PMCID: PMC10468381 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Beer is a world-famous beverage that is universally popular. This might be as an effect of its sensory, nutritional, and therapeutic qualities. To date, in Côte d'Ivoire, no study has been carried out focused on the eventual health benefits of industrial beer consumption. In this study, the bioactive compounds (total phenols, total tannins, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins) and corresponding antioxidant activities of two industrial beers from maize and rice from two different breweries were investigated. Results showed that for all phenolic compounds, contents were not statistically different (P > 0.05). However, antioxidant activities (antiradical activity and ferric reducing antioxydant power) were more important in industrial beer from rice (57.57 ± 0.62% and 109.46 ± 0.39 μg/mL ascorbic acid irrespectively) than industrial beer from maize (39.19 ± 1.02% and 103.51 ± 0.62 μg/mL ascorbic acid). Total phenols, total flavonoids, and total anthocyanins were mostly responsible for the antioxidant activities (antiradical activity and ferric reducing antioxydant power) of two beers, with correlation coefficients ranging from r = 0.614 to r = 1. Globally, the two industrial beers were similars but differents from local traditional sorghum beer. Occurrence of phenolic compounds in beers coupled with antioxidant activities shows that beer consumption could have health benefits to condition that beers have a low-alcohol content and light-to-moderate consumption. However, further investigations aims health benefis aspect are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahauwouélé Hermann Coulibaly
- Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology Formation and Research Unit, University Nangui Abrogoua, 02, BP 801, Abidjan 02, Cote d’Ivoire
| | - Yabo Majoie Géroxie Tohoyessou
- Biology and Molecular Typage in Microbiology Laboratory, Biochemistry and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, 05, BP 1604, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Pierre Alain Kouassi Konan
- Bio-organic Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Applied Fondamental Science Formation and Unit Research, University Nangui Abrogoua, 02, BP 801, Abidjan 02, Cote d’Ivoire
| | - Koffi Marcellin Djè
- Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Laboratory, Food Science and Technology Formation and Research Unit, University Nangui Abrogoua, 02, BP 801, Abidjan 02, Cote d’Ivoire
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2
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Zhang S, Jin S, Zhang C, Hu S, Li H. Beer-gut microbiome alliance: a discussion of beer-mediated immunomodulation via the gut microbiome. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1186927. [PMID: 37560062 PMCID: PMC10408452 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1186927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
As a long-established fermented beverage, beer is rich in many essential amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, and bioactive substances that are involved in the regulation of many human physiological functions. The polyphenols in the malt and hops of beer are also important active compounds that interact in both directions with the gut microbiome. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which polyphenols, fiber, and other beneficial components of beer are fermentatively broken down by the intestinal microbiome to initiate the mucosal immune barrier and thus participate in immune regulation. Beer degradation products have anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antioxidant, and glucolipid metabolism-modulating potential. We have categorized and summarized reported data on changes in disease indicators and in vivo gut microbiota abundance following alcoholic and non-alcoholic beer consumption. The positive effects of bioactive substances in beer in cancer prevention, reduction of cardiovascular events, and modulation of metabolic syndrome make it one of the candidates for microecological modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silu Zhang
- Department of Microecology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuo Jin
- Department of Microecology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Tsingtao Brewery Co. Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Shumin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Tsingtao Brewery Co. Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Huajun Li
- Department of Microecology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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3
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Szefler B, Czeleń P. Will the Interactions of Some Platinum (II)-Based Drugs with B-Vitamins Reduce Their Therapeutic Effect in Cancer Patients? Comparison of Chemotherapeutic Agents such as Cisplatin, Carboplatin and Oxaliplatin-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021548. [PMID: 36675064 PMCID: PMC9862491 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pt (II) derivatives show anti-cancer activity by interacting with nucleobases of DNA, thus causing some spontaneous and non-spontaneous reactions. As a result, mono- and diaqua products are formed which further undergo complexation with guanine or adenine. Consequently, many processes are triggered, which lead to the death of the cancer cell. The theoretical and experimental studies confirm that such types of interactions can also occur with other chemical compounds. The vitamins from B group have a similar structure to the nucleobases of DNA and have aromatic rings with single-pair orbitals. Theoretical and experimental studies were performed to describe the interactions of B vitamins with Pt (II) derivatives such as cisplatin, oxaliplatin and carboplatin. The obtained results were compared with the values for guanine. Two levels of simulations were implemented at the theoretical level, namely, B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) with LANL2DZ bases set for platinum atoms and MN15/def2-TZVP. The polarizable continuum model (IEF-PCM preparation) and water as a solvent were used. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to describe the drug-nucleobase and drug-B vitamin interactions. Values of the free energy (ΔGr) show spontaneous reactions with mono- and diaqua derivatives of cisplatin and oxaliplatin; however, interactions with diaqua derivatives are more preferable. The strength of these interactions was also compared. Carboplatin products have the weakest interaction with the studied structures. The presence of non-covalent interactions was demonstrated in the tested complexes. A good agreement between theory and experiment was also demonstrated.
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Zhou Y, Hua J, Huang Z. Effects of beer, wine, and baijiu consumption on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Potential implications of the flavor compounds in the alcoholic beverages. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1022977. [PMID: 36687705 PMCID: PMC9852916 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1022977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease and its global incidence is estimated to be 24%. Beer, wine, and Chinese baijiu have been consumed worldwide including by the NAFLD population. A better understanding of the effects of these alcoholic beverages on NAFLD would potentially improve management of patients with NAFLD and reduce the risks for progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is evidence suggesting some positive effects, such as the antioxidative effects of bioactive flavor compounds in beer, wine, and baijiu. These effects could potentially counteract the oxidative stress caused by the metabolism of ethanol contained in the beverages. In the current review, the aim is to evaluate and discuss the current human-based and laboratory-based study evidence of effects on hepatic lipid metabolism and NAFLD from ingested ethanol, the polyphenols in beer and wine, and the bioactive flavor compounds in baijiu, and their potential mechanism. It is concluded that for the potential beneficial effects of wine and beer on NAFLD, inconsistence and contrasting data exist suggesting the need for further studies. There is insufficient baijiu specific human-based study for the effects on NAFLD. Although laboratory-based studies on baijiu showed the antioxidative effects of the bioactive flavor compounds on the liver, it remains elusive whether the antioxidative effect from the relatively low abundance of the bioactivate compounds could outweigh the oxidative stress and toxic effects from the ethanol component of the beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Zhou
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (SUSE), Zigong, Sichuan, China,Liquor-Making Biotechnology and Application Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (SUSE), Zigong, Sichuan, China,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jin Hua
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (SUSE), Zigong, Sichuan, China,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (SUSE), Zigong, Sichuan, China,Liquor-Making Biotechnology and Application Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (SUSE), Zigong, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Zhiguo Huang,
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Szefler B, Czeleń P, Szczepanik A, Cysewski P. Does the Affinity of Cisplatin to B-Vitamins Impair the Therapeutic Effect in the Case of Patients with Lung Cancer-consuming Carrot or Beet Juice? Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1775-1783. [PMID: 30914033 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190325150624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin (CisPt) has a well-recognized anticancer activity by interacting with DNA and inducing programmed cell death. However, theoretical studies performed on the molecular level suggest that such nonspecific interactions can also take place with many competitive compounds, such as vitamins containing aromatic rings with lone-pair orbitals. OBJECTIVE This work is a theoretical study on the initial Pt-N7(N1) bond formation with vitamins from B group and their comparison with values characterizing native purines. METHODS Geometries of studied structures were optimized with an aid of Gaussian 09 using the B3LYP functional with the 6-31G** basis set. Atomic orbitals of platinum were represented by the lanl2dz basis. Solvation free energies were evaluated by a self-consistent reaction field (SCRF) approach. A dielectric constant of 78 for water was used in the PCM continuum model computations along with radii Bondii. RESULTS The affinities of mono-aqua cis~[Pt(NH3)2Cl(H2O)]+ and di-aqua cis~ [Pt(NH3)2(H2O)2]2+ derivatives of Cisplatinum toward compounds belonging to the group of eight B vitamins were studied and compared to interactions with canonical purines. All the values of ΔGr unambiguously indicate that reactions with cisPt-diaqua are more preferable, but the comparison of ΔGr values obtained for compounds from vitamin B group and the ones characterizing complexes created by Guanine molecules indicates higher affinity of cisPt monomers toward purines. CONCLUSION Based on the observations, the regular intake of vitamin-rich beetroot or carrot juices is strongly discouraged during anticancer therapy using CisPt drug. To confirm the results of the performed computational study, detailed clinical trials should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Szefler
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Kurpinskiego 5, 85-096, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Przemysław Czeleń
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Kurpinskiego 5, 85-096, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Adam Szczepanik
- The Kuyavian and Pomeranian Pulmonology Centre in Bydgoszcz Lung Cancer Treatment Department, Seminaryjna 1, 84-326, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Cysewski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Kurpinskiego 5, 85-096, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Macho-González A, Garcimartín A, Santos-López JA, Benedí J, Bastida S, González-Muñoz MJ. The Nutritional Components of Beer and Its Relationship with Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071558. [PMID: 31295866 PMCID: PMC6682961 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of degenerative diseases has risen in western countries. Growing evidence suggests that demenia and other cognition affectations are associated with ambient factors including specific nutrients, food ingredients or specific dietary patterns. Mediterranean diet adherence has been associated with various health benefits and decreased risk of many diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. Beer, as part of this protective diet, contains compounds such as silicon and hops that could play a major role in preventing brain disorders. In this review, different topics regarding Mediterranean diet, beer and the consumption of their main compounds and their relation to neurological health have been addressed. Taking into account published results from our group and other studies, the hypothesis linking aluminum intoxication with dementia and/or Alzheimer’s disease and the potential role of regular beer has also been considered. Beer, in spite of its alcohol content, may have some health benefits; nonetheless, its consumption is not adequate for all subjects. Thus, this review analyzed some promising results of non-alcoholic beer on several mechanisms engaged in neurodegeneration such as inflammation, oxidation, and cholinesterase activity, and their contribution to the behavioral modifications induced by aluminum intoxication. The review ends by giving conclusions and suggesting future topics of research related to moderate beer consumption and/or the consumption of its major compounds as a potential instrument for protecting against neurodegenerative disease progression and the need to develop nutrigenetic and nutrigenomic studies in aged people and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José Sánchez-Muniz
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- AFUSAN Research Group. Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria from Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adrián Macho-González
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- AFUSAN Research Group. Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria from Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Garcimartín
- AFUSAN Research Group. Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria from Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Arturo Santos-López
- AFUSAN Research Group. Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria from Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Benedí
- AFUSAN Research Group. Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria from Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Bastida
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- AFUSAN Research Group. Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria from Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José González-Muñoz
- AFUSAN Research Group. Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria from Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Unidad Docente de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Ravi SK, Narasingappa RB, Vincent B. Neuro-nutrients as anti-alzheimer's disease agents: A critical review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2999-3018. [PMID: 29846084 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1481012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a massive neuronal death causing memory loss, cognitive impairment and behavioral alteration that ultimately lead to dementia and death. AD is a multi-factorial pathology controlled by molecular events such as oxidative stress, protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction and neuro inflammation. Nowadays, there is no efficient disease-modifying treatment for AD and epidemiological studies have suggested that diet and nutrition have a significant impact on the development of this disorder. Indeed, some nutrients can protect all kind of cells, including neurons. As prevention is better than cure, life style improvement, with a special emphasis on diet, should seriously be considered as an anti-AD track and intake of nutrients promoting neuronal health is the need of the hour. Diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols and vitamins have been shown to protect against AD, whereas saturated fatty acids-containing diets deprived of polyphenols promote the development of the disease. Thus, Mediterranean diets, mainly composed of fruits, vegetables and omega-3 fatty acids, stand as valuable, mild and preventive anti-AD agents. This review focuses on our current knowledge in the field and how one can fight this devastating neurodegenerative disorder through the simple proper modification of our life style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Sciences , Bangalore , Hassan , Karnataka , India
| | - Ramesh B Narasingappa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, University of Agriculture Sciences , Bangalore , Hassan , Karnataka , India
| | - Bruno Vincent
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University , Nakhon Pathom , Thailand.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique , Paris , France
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Merino P, Santos-López JA, Mateos CJ, Meseguer I, Garcimartín A, Bastida S, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, Benedí J, González-Muñoz MJ. Can nonalcoholic beer, silicon and hops reduce the brain damage and behavioral changes induced by aluminum nitrate in young male Wistar rats? Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:784-794. [PMID: 29886234 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum consumption has been associated with various neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies suggest that regular beer intake reverses the pro-oxidant and inflammatory statuses induced by aluminum nitrate intoxication. This paper aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of non-alcoholic beer (NABeer), silicon or hops, as well as their effect on animal behavior (e.g. curiosity, immobilization, rearing, grooming, swimming) and brain antioxidant enzyme (activity and gene expression) and anti-inflammatory status in aluminum nitrate intoxicated rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: 1) Control, 2) Aluminum nitrate (450 μg/kg/day), 3) Aluminum nitrate plus NABeer, 4) Aluminum nitrate plus hops, and 5) Aluminum nitrate plus silicon. Hops showed the highest in vitro antioxidant capacity and silicon the highest anticholinesterase activity. In the Aluminum group the brain aluminum/silicon ratio increased with impairment of brain antioxidant and inflammatory statuses. NABeer, silicon and hops block the negative effect on the in vivo antioxidant and inflammatory statuses induced by Aluminum nitrate and improve swimming and rearing behavioral tests. The various positive results suggest that NABeer is useful as a functional multi-target drink in the prevention of some neurodegenerative events caused by aluminum intoxication. More studies are required to conclude present results.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Merino
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Unidad Docente de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - J A Santos-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain(2)
| | - C J Mateos
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Unidad Docente de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - I Meseguer
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Unidad Docente de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Garcimartín
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain(2)
| | - S Bastida
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J Sánchez-Muniz
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Benedí
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain(2).
| | - M J González-Muñoz
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Unidad Docente de Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
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Karaca A, Omma T, Dura Deveci C, Bakar F, Doğan K, Aral Y, Gülçelik NE. Neopterin and hsCRP are not correlated in gestational diabetes mellitus. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016; 32:977-981. [PMID: 27276070 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1193850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine serum neopterin and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in patients with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS Neopterin and hsCRP levels were quantified in 28 women with GDM and 20 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Postpartum neopterin and hsCRP levels were measured in a follow-up study. RESULTS Neopterin levels were significantly higher in women with GDM than in women with NGT (15.89 ± 8.19 nmol/L versus 10.4 ± 3.8 nmol/L, p < 0.008, respectively), however the levels significantly decreased after delivery in GDM group (15.89 ± 8.19 nmol/L versus 11.63 ± 5.96 nmol/L, p < 0.001). hsCRP levels were not different between women with and without GDM (5.74 ± 3.91 versus 5.73 ± 3.34, p = 0.9, respectively). In contrast, hsCRP levels decreased after delivery in patients with GDM (5.74 ± 3.91 versus 3.78 ± 2.78, p < 0.01). Neopterin levels were correlated with maternal age (r = 0.3, p = 0.02) and fasting glucose (r = 0.4, p = 0.004), postprandial glucose (r = 0.3, p = 0.01), HbA1c (r = 0.3, p = 0.02), whereas hsCRP levels were correlated with pre-pregnancy (r = 0.3, p = 0.04) and pregnancy body mass index (r = 0.4, p = 0.008). No correlation between serum neopterin and hsCRP levels was found (p = 0.9). CONCLUSION Neopterin levels increased in patients with GDM; hence, it may be related to inflammation. However, the lack of correlation between neopterin and hsCRP suggests the role of different attitudes of these two parameters in the course of pregnancy and GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anara Karaca
- a Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and
| | - Tülay Omma
- a Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and
| | - Canan Dura Deveci
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Ankara Training and Research Hospital , Altindağ, Ankara , Turkey , and
| | - Filiz Bakar
- c Department of Biochemistry , School of Pharmacy, Ankara University , Tandoğan, Ankara , Turkey
| | - Kübra Doğan
- a Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and
| | - Yalçın Aral
- a Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and
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10
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de Gaetano G, Costanzo S, Di Castelnuovo A, Badimon L, Bejko D, Alkerwi A, Chiva-Blanch G, Estruch R, La Vecchia C, Panico S, Pounis G, Sofi F, Stranges S, Trevisan M, Ursini F, Cerletti C, Donati MB, Iacoviello L. Effects of moderate beer consumption on health and disease: A consensus document. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:443-467. [PMID: 27118108 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A large evidence-based review on the effects of a moderate consumption of beer on human health has been conducted by an international panel of experts who reached a full consensus on the present document. Low-moderate (up to 1 drink per day in women, up to 2 in men), non-bingeing beer consumption, reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease. This effect is similar to that of wine, at comparable alcohol amounts. Epidemiological studies suggest that moderate consumption of either beer or wine may confer greater cardiovascular protection than spirits. Although specific data on beer are not conclusive, observational studies seem to indicate that low-moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced risk of developing neurodegenerative disease. There is no evidence that beer drinking is different from other types of alcoholic beverages in respect to risk for some cancers. Evidence consistently suggests a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption (including beer) and all-cause mortality, with lower risk for moderate alcohol consumers than for abstainers or heavy drinkers. Unless they are at high risk for alcohol-related cancers or alcohol dependency, there is no reason to discourage healthy adults who are already regular light-moderate beer consumers from continuing. Consumption of beer, at any dosage, is not recommended for children, adolescents, pregnant women, individuals at risk to develop alcoholism, those with cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmias, depression, liver and pancreatic diseases, or anyone engaged in actions that require concentration, skill or coordination. In conclusion, although heavy and excessive beer consumption exerts deleterious effects on the human body, with increased disease risks on many organs and is associated to significant social problems such as addiction, accidents, violence and crime, data reported in this document show evidence for no harm of moderate beer consumption for major chronic conditions and some benefit against cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
| | - S Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - A Di Castelnuovo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - L Badimon
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Bejko
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - A Alkerwi
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - G Chiva-Blanch
- Cardiovascular Research Center (CSIC-ICCC), Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Estruch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - C La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
| | - S Panico
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - G Pounis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - F Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, ONLUS IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - S Stranges
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | | | - F Ursini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Padova, Italy
| | - C Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - M B Donati
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - L Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
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Buyuktiryaki B, Sahiner UM, Girgin G, Birben E, Soyer OU, Cavkaytar O, Cetin C, Arik Yilmaz E, Yavuz ST, Kalayci O, Baydar T, Sackesen C. Low indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity in persistent food allergy in children. Allergy 2016; 71:258-66. [PMID: 26449488 DOI: 10.1111/all.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which degrades tryptophan (Trp) to kynurenine (Kyn), has been demonstrated to contribute to modulation of allergic responses. However, the role of IDO in food allergy has not yet been elucidated. METHODS Serum Trp and Kyn concentrations were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Expression of IDO gene was measured by real-time PCR. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, and interferon (IFN)-γ in cell culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Kyn/Trp (IDO activity) was significantly lower in subjects with food allergy (n = 100) than in aged-matched healthy controls (n = 112) (P = 0.004). Kyn/Trp was decreased from healthy through completely tolerant, partially tolerant, and reactive ones [LN transformation (mean ± SEM) healthy: 3.9 ± 0.02 μM/mM; completely tolerant: 3.83 ± 0.04; partially tolerant: 3.8 ± 0.06; reactive: 3.7 ± 0.04] (P = 0.008). The frequency of genetic polymorphisms of IDO did not reveal a significant association with Trp, Kyn, and Kyn/Trp in healthy and food-allergic cases. Culture of PBMC experiments yielded that IDO mRNA expression was not different between tolerant and reactive groups. IL-4 synthesis when stimulated with casein increased significantly in subjects who are reactive and tolerant to foods (P = 0.042, P = 0.006, respectively). Increase in IL-10 synthesis was observed only in children tolerant to milk, but not in reactive ones. IFN-γ synthesis, when stimulated with IL-2 and β-lactoglobulin in cell culture, was significantly higher in subjects tolerant to milk than in the reactive ones (P = 0.005 and P = 0.029, respectively). CONCLUSION Our results imply the probability of involvement of IDO in development of tolerance process, and we presume that high IDO activity is associated with nonresponsiveness to food allergens despite allergen sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Buyuktiryaki
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Hacettepe University School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
| | - U. M. Sahiner
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Hacettepe University School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
| | - G. Girgin
- Division of Toxicology; Hacettepe University School of Pharmacy; Ankara Turkey
| | - E. Birben
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Hacettepe University School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
| | - O. U. Soyer
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Hacettepe University School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
| | - O. Cavkaytar
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Hacettepe University School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
| | - C. Cetin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics; Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences; Ankara Turkey
| | - E. Arik Yilmaz
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Hacettepe University School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
| | - S. T. Yavuz
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; GATA Military School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
| | - O. Kalayci
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Hacettepe University School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
| | - T. Baydar
- Division of Toxicology; Hacettepe University School of Pharmacy; Ankara Turkey
| | - C. Sackesen
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Hacettepe University School of Medicine; Ankara Turkey
- Division of Pediatric Allergy; Koc University School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
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Gostner JM, Becker K, Ueberall F, Fuchs D. The good and bad of antioxidant foods: An immunological perspective. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 80:72-79. [PMID: 25698357 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of redox homeostasis plays a central role in health and disease prevention, and antioxidant foods are thought to exert protective effects by counteracting oxidative stress. The term "dietary antioxidant" implies a classical reducing or radical-scavenging capacity, but more data on the in vivo bioactivity of such compounds are needed. Indeed, several dietary antioxidants activate signaling cascades that lead to effects that extend beyond radical scavenging, such as the induction of endogenous cytoprotective mechanisms and detoxification. Currently, the overall uptake of antioxidants with diet exceeds actual needs, as food additives that include vitamins, colorants, flavoring agents, and preservatives are often also relatively strong antioxidants. Chronic antioxidative stress favors adverse effects, such as the suppression of T helper (Th) type 1 immune responses and consequent activation of Th2 reactions that support the development of asthma, allergies, and obesity. In this context, we discuss the immunoregulatory pathway of tryptophan breakdown by enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which represents a central regulatory hub for immune, metabolic, and neuroendocrine processes. Activation of IDO-mediated tryptophan metabolism is strongly redox-sensitive and is therefore susceptible to modulation by dietary components, phytochemicals, preservatives, and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M Gostner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kathrin Becker
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Florian Ueberall
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Kołota A, Oczkowski M, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. Wpływ występujących w piwie związków polifenolowych na organizm – przegląd literatury. ALCOHOLISM AND DRUG ADDICTION 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0867-4361(14)70020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Potential health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption: current perspectives in research. Proc Nutr Soc 2012; 71:307-15. [PMID: 22391060 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665112000171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of moderate amounts of alcohol for a better health and longer life expectancy compared with abstinence have been suggested by the findings of numerous studies. However, controversies have emerged regarding the influence of confounding factors and the systematic errors that might have been inadvertently disregarded in the early studies. This review includes a description of the findings of those research studies published in the last 5 years on the effects of moderate alcohol consumption on all-cause mortality, CVD and inflammation, the immune system, insulin sensitivity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cancer. Promising evidences exist from both animal studies and human clinical trials regarding intermediate end-points of CHD and insulin sensitivity, such as HDL, adiponectin or fibrinogen. However, controversies and inconsistent findings exist regarding many of these diseases and related functions and biomarkers. Further research and human randomised-controlled trials with adequate standardisation of the study conditions are necessary in order to draw a comparison between studies, establish the causal effect of moderate alcohol intake on disease protection and reach consensus on the circumstances that allow the recommendation of moderate alcohol habitual intakes as a strategy for health maintenance.
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Sohrabvandi S, Mortazavian A, Rezaei K. Health-Related Aspects of Beer: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2010.487627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Abstract
During developmental age, differences in pharmacodynamic reactions to several drugs may reflect polymorphisms of genes encoding drug-transporting proteins, receptors, drug targets, and gene products, whose disturbed activity sometimes plays an important role in certain diseases. Administration of drugs with a narrow therapeutic index may quite easily be associated with changes in pharmacokinetics and development of adverse drug reactions, which occasionally may cause fatalities. In such cases, polypragmasy and resulting drug interactions may enhance effects of changes in drug-metabolizing enzymes' activities. Phenotyping and genotyping of patients slowly are finding their place in some therapeutic regimens used in clinical gastroenterology and hepatology. At present, some assays to measure, for example, thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity are already commercially available. Polymorphisms of CYP450 enzymes, interleukins, and altered gene expression play an important role in some patients' various gastrointestinal tract and liver diseases. Herbal drugs also affect proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide balance in the body. Therapeutic use of recombined proteins, such as infliximab, natalizumab, onercept, humanized antibody to integrin α-4 β-7, or IFN-β in some large-bowel diseases increased therapeutic efficacy. IFN-α used in the patients with chronic hepatitis C improved cellular immunity in these subjects and exerted antiviral activity. Practical application of progress in pharmacogenetics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and use of bioproducts in novel therapeutic regimens has opened therapeutic frontiers and increased clinical safety.
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17
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Liberman DN, Pilau RM, Gaio EJ, Orlandini LF, Rösing CK. Low concentration alcohol intake may inhibit spontaneous alveolar bone loss in Wistar rats. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:109-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Sohrabvandi S, Mousavi S, Razavi S, Mortazavian A, Rezaei K. Alcohol-free Beer: Methods of Production, Sensorial Defects, and Healthful Effects. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2010.496022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Jenny M, Klieber M, Zaknun D, Schroecksnadel S, Kurz K, Ledochowski M, Schennach H, Fuchs D. In vitro testing for anti-inflammatory properties of compounds employing peripheral blood mononuclear cells freshly isolated from healthy donors. Inflamm Res 2010; 60:127-35. [PMID: 20740299 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-010-0244-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation is crucially involved in a variety of diseases like autoimmune syndromes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, sepsis and allograft rejection. METHODS Freshly isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are used as a screening assay for anti-inflammatory properties of compounds. Determinations of neopterin production by ELISA and of tryptophan degradation by HPLC are used as read-outs. Results are compared with further markers of immune response and oxidative stress. RESULTS Phytohaemagglutinin induced significant tryptophan degradation and neopterin formation in PBMC, which correlated with IFN-γ, TNF-α, soluble cytokine receptors and isoprostane-8. Addition of vitamin C and E suppressed the responses dose-dependently. DISCUSSION The determination of tryptophan degradation and neopterin production in PBMC reflects various pro- and anti-inflammatory cascades that are of relevance also in patients. It constitutes a robust and reliable approach to screen anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs and may improve throughput, speed and cost-effectiveness in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jenny
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Fritz Pregl Strasse 3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Abstract
Social acceptance of drinking involves social and cultural roles and has important implications for public health. Since extensive evidence indicates that alcohol possesses immunomodulatory properties, scientists have recently debated the influence of alcohol consumption on the immune response, particularly in countries where drinking in a social setting is a part of cultural identity. Experimental and clinical data support the conclusion that alcohol is a potent immunomodulator. While high alcohol consumption suppresses a wide range of immune responses, leading to an increased incidence of a number of infectious diseases, moderate alcohol consumption may have a beneficial impact on the immune system, compared to alcohol abuse or abstinence, most likely due to the multiple components of polyphenol-rich alcoholic contributing to the protective effect seen for moderate alcohol consumption on CVD and the immune system. Despite this, the scientific literature appears to be concerned about the diseases associated with excessive drinking in some societies and cultures. Thus, the present review recognizes the importance to consider social and cultural aspects of drinking when examining the whole dimension of alcohol consumption (amount, beverage type, frequency and variability), in order to estimate global risk of consequences on host defence to better understand alcohol-related harm or benefit.
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21
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Maier E, Kurz K, Jenny M, Schennach H, Ueberall F, Fuchs D. Food preservatives sodium benzoate and propionic acid and colorant curcumin suppress Th1-type immune response in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1950-6. [PMID: 20435078 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Revised: 04/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Food preservatives sodium benzoate and propionic acid and colorant curcumin are demonstrated to suppress in a dose-dependent manner Th1-type immune response in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. Results show an anti-inflammatory property of compounds which however could shift the Th1-Th2-type immune balance towards Th2-type immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Maier
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
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22
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Van Cleemput M, Heyerick A, Libert C, Swerts K, Philippé J, De Keukeleire D, Haegeman G, De Bosscher K. Hop bitter acids efficiently block inflammation independent of GRalpha, PPARalpha, or PPARgamma. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53:1143-55. [PMID: 19655312 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200800493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is an essential ingredient of beer, where it provides the typical bitter taste, but is also applied in traditional folk medicine for sedative and antibacterial purposes. In this study, we demonstrate and compare the anti-inflammatory effect of various classes of hop bitter acids (HBA), including alpha-acids (AA), beta-acids (BA), and iso-alpha-acids (IAA), in fibroblasts, which are important players in the inflammatory response. All three studied classes of HBA blocked the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-induced production of the cytokine IL6, and inhibited the transactivation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factors nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB). In this respect, the six-membered ring compounds AA and BA showed equal potency, whereas the five-membered ring compounds, IAA, were effective only when used at higher concentrations. Furthermore, with regard to the mechanism of NF-kappaB suppression, we excluded a possible role for glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GRalpha), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha/gamma (PPARalpha or PPARgamma), nuclear receptors (NRs) that are also known to inhibit inflammation by directly interfering with the activity of pro-inflammatory transcription factors. Interestingly, combining hop acids and selective agonists for GRalpha, PPARalpha, or PPARgamma resulted in additive inhibition of NF-kappaB activity after TNF treatment, which may open up new avenues for combinatorial anti-inflammatory strategies with fewer side effects. Finally, systemic administration of HBA efficiently inhibited acute local inflammation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Van Cleemput
- Laboratory of Eukaryotic Gene Expression and Signal Transduction (LEGEST), Department of Physiology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple line of clinical and experimental evidence demonstrates that both acute, moderate, and chronic, excessive alcohol use result in various abnormalities in the functions of the immune system. METHODS Medline and PubMed databases were used to identify published reports with particular interest in the period of 2000-2008 in the subject of alcohol use, infection, inflammation, innate, and adaptive immunity. RESULTS This review article summarizes recent findings relevant to acute or chronic alcohol use-induced immunomodulation and its consequences on host defense against microbial pathogens and tissue injury. Studies with in vivo and in vitro alcohol administration are both discussed. The effects of alcohol on lung infections, trauma and burn injury, liver, pancreas, and cardiovascular diseases are evaluated with respect to the role of immune cells. Specific changes in innate immune response and abnormalities in adaptive immunity caused by alcohol intake are detailed. CONCLUSION Altered inflammatory cell and adaptive immune responses after alcohol consumption result in increased incidence and poor outcome of infections and other organ-specific immune-mediated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyongyi Szabo
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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24
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Gonzalez-Muñoz MJ, Meseguer I, Sanchez-Reus MI, Schultz A, Olivero R, Benedí J, Sánchez-Muniz FJ. Beer consumption reduces cerebral oxidation caused by aluminum toxicity by normalizing gene expression of tumor necrotic factor alpha and several antioxidant enzymes. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 46:1111-8. [PMID: 18096288 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al)-induced neurotoxicity is well known and different salts of aluminum have been reported to accelerate oxidative damage to biomolecules. The present study has examined whether silicon consumed in the form of silicic acid or beer could potentially inhibit aluminum toxicity in the brain. Male mice were administered with Al(NO(3))(3) orally at a dose of 450 mg/kg/day in drinking water for 3 month. Experimental mice were given Al(NO(3))(3) along with 50 mg/L of silicic acid or with 0.5 ml/day of beer. Al brain levels in the Al group were four times higher than those of control mice while silicic acid and beer group values were 40% lower than those of the Al group. We have observed that beer prevented accumulation of lipid damage significantly, which resulted from aluminum intake. Decline in the expression of mRNA of endogenous antioxidant enzymes associated with aluminum administration was also inhibited by beer and silicic acid. The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) RNA expression was normalized in silicic acid and beer groups. Very high and significant correlations were found for the different parameters tested suggesting that moderate consumption of beer, due to its silicon content, effectively protects against the neurotoxic effects of aluminum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Gonzalez-Muñoz
- Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Toxicología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
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Li W, Pickard MD, Beta T. Evaluation of antioxidant activity and electronic taste and aroma properties of antho-beers from purple wheat grain. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2007; 55:8958-66. [PMID: 17907771 DOI: 10.1021/jf071715p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Moderate consumption of beer is known to be beneficial for health. Thus, antioxidant, likely taste, and aroma properties of antho-beers made from purple wheat grain (antho-grain) were evaluated. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl free radical (DPPH*) scavenging activity, total phenolic content (TPC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and phenolic acid compositions of antho-bran were also investigated. DPPH* scavenging activity at 60 min was 50.6-59.9% for control and antho-beer extracts, 15.0-54.1% for antho-bran extracts and hydrolysates. The TPC ranged from 410 to 609 mg/L, from 84 to 95 mg/L, and from 2473 to 7634 mg/kg for control (from barley malt) and antho-beer original samples, control and antho-beer extracts, and antho-bran extracts and hydrolysates, respectively. The corresponding ORAC values were 3050-4181 mg/L, 2961-3184 mg/L, and 74-213 g/kg, respectively. The major known phenolic acids comprised four types in control beer, five types in antho-beers, and seven types in antho-bran hydrolysates. Total anthocyanin content of antho-bran was up to 1160 mg/kg. Differences in likely taste and aroma were found between control and antho-beers by using electronic tongue and nose methods. Brewing materials had an effect on the antioxidant, likely taste, and aroma properties of beers; however, antho-grain may have potential as a novel brewing material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wende Li
- Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that light to moderate amounts of polyphenol-rich alcoholic beverages like wine or beer could have health benefits. Scientists have long debated the effects of alcohol on immune function, showing on the one hand, that high doses of alcohol consumption can directly suppress a wide range of immune responses, and that alcohol abuse is associated with an increased incidence of a number of infectious diseases. On the other hand, moderate alcohol consumption seems to have a beneficial impact on the immune system compared to alcohol abuse or abstinence. Therefore, the link between alcohol consumption, immune response, as well as infectious and inflammatory processes remains not completely understood. With this in mind, it is important to realise that other factors, unrelated or indirectly related to immune function, like drinking patterns, beverage type, amount of alcohol, or gender differences, will affect the influence that alcohol consumption may have on the immune system. This review summarises published data describing the effects that light to moderate amounts of polyphenol-rich beverages like wine or beer seem to have on immunity in healthy adults.
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Diaz LE, Cano P, Jimenez-Ortega V, Nova E, Romeo J, Marcos A, Esquifino AI. Effects of moderate consumption of distilled and fermented alcohol on some aspects of neuroimmunomodulation. Neuroimmunomodulation 2007; 14:200-5. [PMID: 18073515 DOI: 10.1159/000110647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic beverages are characterized by their fermented versus distilled origin and also by their degree of alcohol. The toxic effects of chronic alcohol consumption have been widely studied. However, there is less evidence about possible beneficial effects of moderate alcohol intake. This work was aimed at evaluating the effects of moderate alcohol consumption (beer or ethanol) on plasma hormone concentrations, blood and thymus lymphocyte phenotypes and brain neurotransmitter levels. For this purpose, 40 adult Wistar male rats were administered ethanol or beer for 4 weeks (experimental groups). Age-matched rats were administered beer without alcohol or water to be used as controls. Rats were killed by decapitation and plasma from the trunk blood was collected to measure plasma prolactin, growth hormone and ACTH concentrations by homologous specific double antibody radioimmunoassays. Thymus and blood lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry. Neurotransmitter concentrations [dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and taurine] were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography in the median eminence and the pituitary. Blood and thymus lymphocyte subsets were not significantly changed by either ethanol or beer consumption, compared to controls. Plasma prolactin levels significantly decreased in ethanol-administered groups (p < 0.05) compared to control animals drinking water, although plasma levels of growth hormone and ACTH were not modified by either alcohol used. Dopamine and GABA concentrations in the median eminence or in the adenohypophysis remained unmodified by moderate beer or ethanol consumption. However, taurine concentration was significantly increased in the pituitary (p < 0.05) in the group drinking ethanol compared to those groups drinking beer with or without alcohol. These data suggest that moderate alcohol consumption may change the regulatory mechanism of prolactin secretion. Whether these modifications have a physiological significance deserves further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Esperanza Diaz
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto del Frío, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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Winkler C, Schroecksnadel K, Schennach H, Fuchs D. Vitamin C and E Suppress Mitogen-Stimulated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in vitro. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2006; 142:127-32. [PMID: 17057410 DOI: 10.1159/000096438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The antioxidant properties of vitamin C and E are considered to be important for their anti-inflammatory activity. Recently, antioxidant resveratrol was found to suppress neopterin production and tryptophan degradation in mitogen-treated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. METHODS In this study, the effects of vitamin C and E were investigated in unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in cells stimulated with the mitogens phytohaemagglutinin and concanavalin A in vitro. RESULTS The mitogens induced a significant production of neopterin and a degradation of tryptophan. Vitamin C (0.1-10 microM) and E (5-100 microM) suppressed these immunobiological pathways in a dose-dependent way (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Neopterin production and tryptophan degradation in monocyte-derived macrophages are both triggered by the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma. Thus, their concurrent suppression by vitamin C and E suggests an effect on the formation and release of this cytokine by stimulated T cells. These findings may be related to the general health benefits which are associated with the antioxidant nature of these vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Winkler
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocentre, Innsbruck Medical University and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for AIDS Research, Innsbruck, Austria
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