1
|
Dong Z, Han K, Xie Q, Lin C, Shen X, Hao Y, Li J, Xu H, He L, Yu T, Kuang W. Core antibiotic resistance genes mediate gut microbiota to intervene in the treatment of major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 363:507-519. [PMID: 39033825 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relationship between depression and gut microbiota remains unclear, but an important role of gut microbiota has been verified. The relationship between gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) may be a potential new explanatory pathway. METHODS We collected samples from 63 depressed patients and 30 healthy controls for metagenomic sequencing. The two groups' microbiota characteristics, functional characteristics, and ARG differences were analyzed. RESULTS We obtained 30 differential KEGG orthologs (KOs) and their producers in 5 genera and 7 species by HUMAnN3. We found 6 KOs from Weissella_cibaria and Lactobacillus_plantaru are potentially coring functional mechanism of gut microbiota. Different metabolites including sphingolipids, pyrans, prenol lipids, and isoflavonoids also showed significance between MDD and HC. We detected 48 significantly different ARGs: 5 ARGs up-regulated and 43 ARGs down-regulated in MDD compared to HC. Based on Cox model results, Three ARGs significantly affected drug efficacy (ARG29, ARG105, and ARG111). Eggerthella, Weissella, and Lactobacillus were correlated with different core ARGs, which indicated different mechanisms in affecting MDD. LIMITATIONS The present study needs to be replicated in different ethnic groups. At the same time, a larger Chinese cohort study and detailed experimental verification are also the key to further discussion. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that ARGs play a role in the interplay between major depressive disorder and gut microbiota. The role of ARGs should be taken into account when understanding the relationship between depression and gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Ke Han
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Qinglian Xie
- Department of outpatient, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Chunting Lin
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Shen
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yanni Hao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jin Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Haizhen Xu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China
| | - Tao Yu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China; Shanghai Center for Women and Children's Health, 339 Luding Road, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Noor AAM. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Terpenoids for Depression and Anxiety. Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400788. [PMID: 38934531 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This review focus on the terpenoids as potential therapeutic agents for depression and anxiety disorders, which naturally found in a variety of plants and exhibit a wide range of biological activities. Among the terpenoids discussed in this review are α-pinene, β-caryophyllene, α-phellandrene, limonene, β-linalool, 1, 8-cineole, β-pinene, caryophyllene oxide, p-cymene, and eugenol. All of these compounds have been studied extensively regarding their pharmacological properties, such as neuroprotective effect, anti-inflammation, antibacterial, regulation of neurotransmitters and antioxidant effect. Preclinical evidence are reviewed to highlight their diverse mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential to support antidepressant and anxiolytic properties. Additionally, challenges and future directions are also discussed to emphasize therapeutic utility of terpenoids for mental health disorders. Overall, this review provides a promising role of terpenoids as novel therapeutic agents for depression and anxiety, with potential implications for the development of more effective and well-tolerated treatments in the field of psychopharmacology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Azimi Md Noor
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Biomedical Informatics, 10 Shattuck Street Suite 514, Boston MA, 02115, United States of America
- Eyes Specialist Clinic, Raja Perempuan Zainab 2 Hospital, 15586, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dey R, Bishayi B. Microglial Inflammatory Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Comprehensive Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 44:2. [PMID: 38099973 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory disease causing a worldwide pandemic in the year of 2019. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus that could invade the host through spike protein and exhibits multi-organ effects. The Brain was considered to be a potential target for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairments were observed in COVID-19 patients even after recovery the mechanism of action is not well documented. In this review, the contribution of microglia in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection was discussed aiming to design a therapeutic regimen for the management of neuroinflammation and psycho-behavioral alterations. Priming of microglia facilitates the hyper-activation state when it interacts with SARS-CoV-2 known as the 'second hit'. Moreover, the microgliosis produces reactive free radicals and pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-6 which ultimately contribute to a 'cytokine storm', thereby increasing the occurrence of cognitive and neurological dysfunction. It was reported that elevated CCL11 may be responsible for psychiatric disorders and ROS/RNS-induced oxidative stress could promote major depressive disorder (MDD) and phenotypic switching. Additionally, during SARS-CoV-2 infection microglia-CD8+ T cell interaction may have a significant role in neuronal cell death. This cytokine-mediated cellular cross-talking plays a crucial role in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory balance within the COVID-19 patient's brain. Therefore, all these aspects will be taken into consideration for developing novel therapeutic strategies to combat SARS-CoV-2-induced neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajen Dey
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Swami Vivekananda University, Telinipara, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Bara Kanthalia, West Bengal, 700121, India.
| | - Biswadev Bishayi
- Immunology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, 92 APC Road, Calcutta, West Bengal, 700009, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mariager T, Bjarkam C, Nielsen H, Bodilsen J. Experimental animal models for brain abscess: a systematic review. Br J Neurosurg 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36579498 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2022.2160865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain abscess (BA) is a rare, but severe infection and experimental BA animal models may prove crucial for advances in treatment. This review describes the development of experimental BA models and the clinical advances obtained from these, in a historical perspective. MATERIAL AND METHODS Experimental BA studies from inception until June 15, 2022, were included by searching the PubMed and Embase databases. Inclusion required the use of an experimental BA animal model. Non-bacterial BA models, in vitro studies, veterinarian case-reports, and articles written in non-English language were excluded. Bias was not systematically assessed, and the review was not registered at the PROSPERO. RESULTS 79 studies were included. The majority of animal BA models have been based on small rodents using Staphylococcus aureus. The models have delineated the natural development of BA and provided detailed descriptions of the histopathological characteristics consisting of a necrotic centre surrounded by layers of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts encapsulated by a dense collagenous layer. Radiological studies of animal BA have been shown to correlate with the corresponding stages of human BA in both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and may guide diagnosis as well as the timing of neurosurgical intervention. Moreover, pharmacokinetic studies of the intracavitary penetration of various antimicrobials have helped inform medical treatment of BA. Other studies have examined the diverse effects of corticosteroids including decreased cerebral oedema, intracranial pressure, and intracavitary drug concentration, whereas concerns on decreased or weakened capsule formation could not be confirmed. Finally, studies on the immunological response to BA have highlighted potential future immunomodulatory targets. CONCLUSIONS Animal models have been vital for improvements in the management of BA. Experimental BA models resembling human disease including polymicrobial infection by oral cavity flora in large animals are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theis Mariager
- Department of Infectious Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Carsten Bjarkam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jacob Bodilsen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zou J, Shang W, Yang L, Liu T, Wang L, Li X, Zhao J, Rao X, Gao J, Fan X. Microglia activation in the mPFC mediates anxiety-like behaviors caused by Staphylococcus aureus strain USA300. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2715. [PMID: 35977050 PMCID: PMC9480961 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is considered as one of the major causative agents of serious hospital- and community-acquired infections. Recent studies have reported that S. aureus infection induced neuroinflammation and was linked with some mental disorders. To evaluate the effects of S. aureus infection on abnormal behaviors, we conducted the present study. METHODS A S. aureus USA300-infected mouse model was established using bacterial suspension injection into tail vein. A series of behavioral tests were performed after USA300 infection. The expression of cytokines was detected in serum and mPFC. The number and some morphological parameters of microglia were also evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Anxiety-like behaviors, instead of locomotor activity impairment or depression-like behaviors, were observed in mice infected with S. aureus USA300 compared with control. S. aureus USA300 infection caused overexpression of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in serum, resulted in microglial over-activation and excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines in the mPFC. In addition, overexpression of TLR2 accompanied by increased GLS1 and p-STAT3 was observed in the mPFC of mice infected with S. aureus USA300. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that S. aureus USA300 infection can lead to neuroinflammation in the mPFC of mice, which may contribute to the development of anxiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Zou
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Weilong Shang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering under the Educational Committee in Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ascorbic acid along with ciprofloxacin regulates S. aureus induced microglial inflammatory responses and oxidative stress through TLR-2 and glucocorticoid receptor modulation. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1303-1322. [PMID: 35704229 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01012-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Microglial inflammatory responses play a central role in the pathogenesis of S. aureus induced brain infections. Upon activation, microglia produces free radicals (ROS/RNS) and disrupts the cellular antioxidant defense to combat invading microorganisms. Despite conventional antibiotic or steroid therapy, microglial over-activation could not be controlled. So, an attempt had been taken by using a natural antioxidant ascorbic acid along with ciprofloxacin to regulate microglial over-activation by involving TLR-2 and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in an in-vitro cell culture-based study. Combinatorial treatment during TLR-2 neutralization effectively reduced the bacterial burden at 60 min compared to the GR blocking condition (p < 0.05). Moreover, the infection-induced H2O2, O2.-, and NO release in microglial cell culture was diminished possibly by enhancing SOD and catalase activities in the same condition (p < 0.05). The arginase activity was markedly increased after TLR-2 blocking in the combinatorial group compared to single treatments (p < 0.05). Experimental results indicated that combinatorial treatment may act through up-regulating GR expression by augmenting endogenous corticosterone levels. However, better bacterial clearance could further suppress the TLR-2 mediated pro-inflammatory NF-κB signaling. From Western blot analysis, it was concluded that ciprofloxacin-ascorbic acid combination in presence of anti-TLR-2 antibody exhibited 81.25% inhibition of TLR-2 expression while the inhibition for GR was 3.57% with respect to the infected group. Therefore, during TLR-2 blockade ascorbic acid combination might be responsible for the restoration of redox balance in microglia via modulating TLR-2/GR interaction. The combination treatment could play a major role in the neuroendocrine-immune regulation of S. aureus induced microglial activation.
Collapse
|