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Mathias K, Machado RS, Cardoso T, Tiscoski ADB, Piacentini N, Prophiro JS, Generoso JS, Barichello T, Petronilho F. The Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier Dysfunction in Brain Disorders and Stroke: Why, How, What For? Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:38. [PMID: 39278883 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-024-08806-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) results in the interruption of blood flow to the brain, which can cause significant damage. The pathophysiological mechanisms of IS include ionic imbalances, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and impairment of brain barriers. Brain barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier (B-CSF), protect the brain from harmful substances by regulating the neurochemical environment. Although the BBB is widely recognized for its crucial role in protecting the brain and its involvement in conditions such as stroke, the B-CSF requires further study. The B-CSF plays a fundamental role in regulating the CSF environment and maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). However, the impact of B-CSF impairment during pathological events such as IS is not yet fully understood. In conditions like IS and other neurological disorders, the B-CSF can become compromised, allowing the entry of inflammatory substances and increasing neuronal damage. Understanding and preserving the integrity of the B-CSF are crucial for mitigating damage and facilitating recovery after ischemic stroke, highlighting its fundamental role in regulating the CNS during adverse neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Taise Cardoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Anita Dal Bó Tiscoski
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Natália Piacentini
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Josiane Somariva Prophiro
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarao, SC, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Silva Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, University of Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciuma, SC, Brazil.
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Ostojic J, Kozic D, Ostojic S, Ilic ADJ, Galic V, Matijasevic J, Dragicevic D, Barak O, Boban J. Decreased Cerebral Creatine and N-Acetyl Aspartate Concentrations after Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4128. [PMID: 39064167 PMCID: PMC11277668 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate brain metabolism using MR spectroscopy (MRS) after recovery from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and to test the impact of disease severity on brain metabolites. Methods: We performed MRS on 81 individuals (45 males, 36 females, aged 40-60), who had normal MRI findings and had recovered from COVID-19, classifying them into mild (17), moderate (36), and severe (28) groups based on disease severity during the acute phase. The study employed two-dimensional spectroscopic imaging above the corpus callosum, focusing on choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). We analyzed Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr ratios as well as absolute concentrations using water as an internal reference. Results: Results indicated that the Cho/Cr ratio was higher with increasing disease severity, while absolute Cho and NAA/Cr ratios showed no significant differences across the groups. Notably, absolute Cr and NAA levels were significantly lower in patients with severe disease. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the severity of COVID-19 during the acute phase is associated with significant changes in brain metabolism, marked by an increase in Cho/Cr ratios and a reduction in Cr and NAA levels, reflecting substantial metabolic alterations post-recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Ostojic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (A.D.I.); (V.G.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Dusko Kozic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (A.D.I.); (V.G.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Sergej Ostojic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandra DJ Ilic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (A.D.I.); (V.G.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Vladimir Galic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (A.D.I.); (V.G.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Jovan Matijasevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (A.D.I.); (V.G.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Dusan Dragicevic
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Diagnostic Imaging Center, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia;
| | - Otto Barak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (A.D.I.); (V.G.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.B.)
| | - Jasmina Boban
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (D.K.); (A.D.I.); (V.G.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.B.)
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Abbasifard M, Dehghan Banadaki M, Taghipour Khaje Sharifi G, Rahnama A, Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z. Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) level and its potential impact on immune responses and symptom severity after Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112057. [PMID: 38615381 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) has been associated with an immunomodulatory function. This study aims to explore the relationship between serum levels of DHEA-S and the immune responses triggered by the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine in individuals candidate for vaccination. METHODS Serum levels of DHEA-S, cytokine release, antibody production and virus neutralization potential were assessed in 50 male and 50 female subjects before and 2 weeks after vaccination with Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. RESULTS Level of DHEA-S before and 2 weeks after first and second dose of vaccination was not different significantly. Levels of Interleukin (IL)-2 and Interferon (IFN)-γ were significantly higher in the supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from subjects 2 weeks after both first and second dose of vaccination compared to before vaccination. Serum levels of IgM 2 weeks after first dose of vaccination was significantly higher compared to before first dose of vaccination. However, serum levels of IgG 2 weeks after first and second dose of vaccination were significantly higher compared to before first and second dose of vaccination. The 50 % focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT50) titer was significantly higher 2 weeks after both first and second dose of vaccination compared to before vaccination. Levels of DHEA-S did not have significant correlation with levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, IgM and IgG, and FRNT50 before and after first and second dose of vaccination. Vaccination did not result in intense unwanted clinical presentations. CONCLUSION DHEA-S is not involved in the quality of protective immune response during Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | | | - Amir Rahnama
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Cavalcante GL, Bonifacio LP, Sanches-Lopes JM, Puga FG, de Carvalho FS, Bellissimo-Rodrigues F, Tanus-Santos JE. Matrix metalloproteinases are associated with severity of disease among COVID-19 patients: A possible pharmacological target. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:727-736. [PMID: 38468413 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.14001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a devastating disease and imbalanced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity may contribute to its pathophysiology. This exploratory study examined whether increased circulating concentrations of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and their endogenous inhibitors, the tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMP)-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3 and TIMP-4 are persistently found in patients 2 weeks after their recovery from severe or critical COVID-19 as compared with those in healthy controls. Subjects who had severe (n = 26) or critical (n = 25) PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and healthy controls (n = 21) had blood samples drawn 2 weeks after recovery and serum MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3 and TIMP-4 were determined using two Human Luminex® Discovery Assays. Circulating MMP activity was also determined by gel zymography. Patients who had severe or critical COVID-19 had increased circulating MMP-9 and MMP-2 concentrations, with increased MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratios indicating increased MMP activity, confirmed by gel zymography (all p < 0.05). Higher circulating MMP-9 (but not MMP-2) concentrations were found in critical versus severe COVID-19 (p < 0.05). We found increased circulating MMP-9 and MMP-2 concentrations and activity many days after recovery from the acute disease, with MMP-9 levels associated with disease severity. These biochemical alterations suggest that MMP-2 and MMP-9 may be important pharmacological targets in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Lopes Cavalcante
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lívia Pimenta Bonifacio
- Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Maria Sanches-Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Guioti Puga
- Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jose Eduardo Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
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Zhang C, Zhang Y, Zhuang R, Yang K, Chen L, Jin B, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Tang K. Alterations in CX3CL1 Levels and Its Role in Viral Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4451. [PMID: 38674036 PMCID: PMC11050295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
CX3CL1, also named fractalkine or neurotactin, is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine family that can chemoattract several immune cells. CX3CL1 exists in both membrane-anchored and soluble forms, with each mediating distinct biological activities. CX3CL1 signals are transmitted through its unique receptor, CX3CR1, primarily expressed in the microglia of the central nervous system (CNS). In the CNS, CX3CL1 acts as a regulator of microglia activation in response to brain disorders or inflammation. Recently, there has been a growing interest in the role of CX3CL1 in regulating cell adhesion, chemotaxis, and host immune response in viral infection. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the changes and function of CX3CL1 in various viral infections, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, to highlight the emerging roles of CX3CL1 in viral infection and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (K.Y.); (L.C.); (B.J.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kang Tang
- Department of Immunology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (K.Y.); (L.C.); (B.J.); (Y.M.)
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Vijayakumar A, Kim JH. Ginseng and ginsenosides on cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases; Pharmacological potentials for the coronavirus (COVID-19). J Ginseng Res 2024; 48:113-121. [PMID: 38465214 PMCID: PMC10920003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its outbreak in late 2019, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly caused global morbidity and deaths. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has major complications in cardiovascular and pulmonary system. The increased rate of mortality is due to delayed detection of certain biomarkers that are crucial in the development of disease. Furthermore, certain proteins and enzymes in cellular signaling pathways play an important role in replication of SARS-CoV-2. Most cases are mild to moderate symptoms, however severe cases of COVID-19 leads to death. Detecting the level of biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, cardiac troponin, creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, procalcitonin and Matrix metalloproteinases helps in early detection of the severity of disease. Similarly, through downregulating Renin-angiotensin system, interleukin, Mitogen-activated protein kinases and Phosphoinositide 3-kinases pathways, COVID-19 can be effectively controlled and mortality could be prevented. Ginseng and ginsenosides possess therapeutic potential in cardiac and pulmonary complications, there are several studies performed in which they have suppressed these biomarkers and downregulated the pathways, thereby inhibiting the further spread of disease. Supplementation with ginseng or ginsenoside could act on multiple pathways to reduce the level of biomarkers significantly and alleviate cardiac and pulmonary damage. Therefore, this review summarizes the potential of ginseng extract and ginsenosides in controlling the cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Vijayakumar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan-city, Republic of Korea
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Kollet O, Das A, Karamanos N, Auf dem Keller U, Sagi I. Redefining metalloproteases specificity through network proteolysis. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:147-163. [PMID: 38036391 PMCID: PMC11004056 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Proteolytic processes on cell surfaces and extracellular matrix (ECM) sustain cell behavior and tissue integrity in health and disease. Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and a disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAMs) remodel cell microenvironments through irreversible proteolysis of ECM proteins and cell surface bioactive molecules. Pan-MMP inhibitors in inflammation and cancer clinical trials have encountered challenges due to promiscuous activities of MMPs. Systems biology advances revealed that MMPs initiate multifactorial proteolytic cascades, creating new substrates, activating or suppressing other MMPs, and generating signaling molecules. This review highlights the intricate network that underscores the role of MMPs beyond individual substrate-enzyme activities. Gaining insight into MMP function and tissue specificity is crucial for developing effective drug discovery strategies and novel therapeutics. This requires considering the dynamic cellular processes and consequences of network proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Kollet
- The Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alakesh Das
- The Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nikos Karamanos
- University of Patras, Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Patras, Greece
| | - Ulrich Auf dem Keller
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irit Sagi
- The Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Rehovot, Israel.
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Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, Pirsadeghi A, Ostadebrahimi H, Taghipour Khaje Sharifi G, Abbasifard M. Correlation of iron and related factors with disease severity and outcomes and mortality of patients with Coronavirus disease 2019. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127285. [PMID: 37660574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron is a trace element that possesses immunomodulatory properties and modulates the proneness to the course and outcome of a diverse viral diseases. This study intended to investigate the correlation of different iron-related factors with disease severity and outcomes as well as the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. METHODS Blood serum samples were obtained from 80 COVID-19 cases and 100 healthy controls. Concentrations of ferritin, transferrin, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) was measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and iron level was measured by immunoturbidometric method. RESULTS Concentrations of iron, transferrin, and TIBC were low, while ferritin level was high in the COVID-19 cases in comparison to controls. In non-survivor (deceased) patients as well as severe subjects, the levels of iron, ferritin, transferrin, and TIBC were significantly different than survivors (discharged) and mild cases. Significant correlations were found between iron and related factors and the clinicopathological features of the patients. Based on ROC curve analysis, iron, ferritin, transferrin, and TIBC had potential to estimate disease severity in COVID-19 subjects. CONCLUSION Iron metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Iron and related factors correlate with disease outcomes and might serve as biomarker in diagnosis of the disease severity and estimation of mortality in the COVID-19 subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Pirsadeghi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ostadebrahimi
- Department of Pediatrics, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Ding L, Guo H, Zhang C, Jin H, Guo X, Li T. Elevated matrix metalloproteinase‑9 expression is associated with COVID‑19 severity: A meta‑analysis. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:545. [PMID: 37928509 PMCID: PMC10623216 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present meta-analysis investigated the clinical value of serum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Studies assessing the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 in correlation with the MMP-9 levels were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane, WANFANG, and CNKI. A meta-analysis was performed to compare the serum MMP-9 levels between different patient groups: Severe vs. non-severe; acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) vs. non-ARDS; non-survivors vs. survivors; neurologic syndrome vs. non-neurologic syndrome; and obese diabetic vs. non-obese diabetic. A total of 2,062 COVID-19-confirmed patients from 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The serum MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in patients with severe COVID-19 than in those with non-severe COVID-19 [weighted mean difference (WMD) 246.61 (95% confidence interval (CI), 115.86-377.36), P<0.001]. Patients with ARDS exhibited significantly higher MMP-9 levels than those without ARDS [WMD 248.55 (95% CI, 63.84-433.25), P<0.001]. The MMP-9 levels in the non-survivors did not significantly differ from those in the survivors [WMD 37.79 (95% CI, -18.08-93.65), P=0.185]. Patients with comorbidities, including neurological syndromes, and obese diabetic patients had significantly higher MMP-9 levels than those without comorbidities [WMD 170.73 (95% CI, 95.61-245.85), P<0.001]. Serum MMP-9 levels were associated with COVID-19 severity and may serve as a therapeutic target for improving the prognosis of patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Huixin Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Xuyang Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Qiqihar, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Qiqihar Hospital, Southern Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161005, P.R. China
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Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, Dehghani A, Lotfi MA, Abbasifard M. Effect of treatment regimen of the rheumatoid arthritis patients on the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 by modulating the inflammatory mediators. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:3021-3028. [PMID: 37453023 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic profile of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly consists of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory compounds. Here in this research, we assessed the potential effect of drug treatment in the RA patients in increasing the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. METHODS In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 200 subjects with RA were recruited. The treatment profile of the subjects for the past 6 months was collected. The COVID-19 diagnosis was implemented based on the standard molecular tests and clinical examinations. Serum concentration of cytokines was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS It was detected that there was an increased risk of COVID-19 in RA subjects receiving Etanercept (OR = 3.51, 95% CI 1.19-10.30, P = 0.022). Concentrations of Interleukin (IL)-1β, Interferon (IFN)-γ, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6, IL-17A, and IL-23 were significantly higher in the RA patients with COVID-19 relative to RA cases without COVID-19. In RA/COVID-19 cases receiving Etanercept, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly lower than RA/COVID-19 subjects without Etanercept therapy. CONCLUSIONS It seems that Etanercept therapy in RA cases might increase proneness of the COVID-19 risk in these cases. The mechanism of this increased risk may stem from suppressing a protective immunity state in the RA cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Dehghani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Lotfi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Devlin L, Gombolay GY. Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in COVID-19: a review and meta-analysis. J Neurol 2023; 270:5155-5161. [PMID: 37581633 PMCID: PMC10591843 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11928-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurological involvement can occur in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections, resulting in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Cytokine alterations are associated with neurological symptoms in COVID-19. We performed a review of cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with COVID-19. METHODS Two reviewers independently searched PubMed for all relevant articles published prior to November 11, 2022. Active SARS-CoV-2 infection and CSF cytokine analyses were required for inclusion. RESULTS Three-hundred forty-six patients with COVID-19 and 356 controls from 28 studies were included. SARS-CoV-2 PCR was positive in the CSF of 0.9% (3/337) of patients with COVID-19. Thirty-seven different cytokines were elevated in the CSF of patients with COVID-19 when compared to controls and the standards set forth by individual assays used in each study. Of the 37 cytokines, IL-6 and IL-8 were most commonly elevated. CSF IL-6 is elevated in 60%, and CSF IL-8 is elevated in 51% of patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSION Levels of several inflammatory cytokines are elevated in the CSF of patients with COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 PCR is often not isolated in the CSF of patients with COVID-19. Many patients with COVID-19 have neurological symptoms and given the cytokine elevations in the absence of detectable viral RNA in cerebrospinal fluid; further study of the CSF cytokine profiles and pathogenesis of neurological symptoms in COVID-19 is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Devlin
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Grace Y Gombolay
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Emory University, 1400 Tulle Road NE, 8th Floor, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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12
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Zingaropoli MA, Pasculli P, Barbato C, Petrella C, Fiore M, Dominelli F, Latronico T, Ciccone F, Antonacci M, Liuzzi GM, Talarico G, Bruno G, Galardo G, Pugliese F, Lichtner M, Mastroianni CM, Minni A, Ciardi MR. Biomarkers of Neurological Damage: From Acute Stage to Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19. Cells 2023; 12:2270. [PMID: 37759493 PMCID: PMC10526816 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurological symptoms (NS) in COVID-19 are related to both acute stage and long-COVID. We explored levels of brain injury biomarkers (NfL and GFAP) and myeloid activation marker (sCD163) and their implications on the CNS. Materials and Methods: In hospitalized COVID-19 patients plasma samples were collected at two time points: on hospital admission (baseline) and three months after hospital discharge (Tpost). Patients were stratified according to COVID-19 severity based on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) onset (severe and non-severe groups). A further stratification according to the presence of NS (with and without groups) at baseline (requiring a puncture lumbar for diagnostic purposes) and according to NS self-referred at Tpost was performed. Finally, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from patients with NS present at baseline. Results: We enrolled 144 COVID-19 patients (62 female/82 male; median age [interquartile range, IQR]): 64 [55-77]) and 53 heathy donors (HD, 30 female/23 male; median age [IQR]: 64 [59-69]). At baseline, higher plasma levels of NfL, GFAP and sCD163 in COVID-19 patients compared to HD were observed (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively), especially in those with severe COVID-19 (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Patients with NS showed higher plasma levels of NfL, GFAP and sCD163 compared to those without (p = 0.0023, p < 0.0001 and 0.0370, respectively). At baseline, in COVID-19 patients with NS, positive correlations between CSF levels of sCD163 and CSF levels of NfL (ρ = 0.7536, p = 0.0017) and GFAP were observed (ρ = 0.7036, p = 0.0045). At Tpost, the longitudinal evaluation performed on 77 COVID-19 patients showed a significant reduction in plasma levels of NfL, GFAP and sCD163 compared to baseline (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0413, respectively). Finally, at Tpost, in the severe group, higher plasma levels of sCD163 in patients with NS compared to those without were reported (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: High plasma levels of NfL, GFAP and sCD163 could be due to a proinflammatory systemic and brain response involving microglial activation and subsequent CNS damage. Our data highlight the association between myeloid activation and CNS perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonella Zingaropoli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.M.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Patrizia Pasculli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.M.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Christian Barbato
- Department of Sense Organs, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (C.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Carla Petrella
- Department of Sense Organs, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (C.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Fiore
- Department of Sense Organs, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.B.); (C.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Federica Dominelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.M.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Tiziana Latronico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (T.L.); (G.M.L.)
| | - Federica Ciccone
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.M.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Michele Antonacci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.M.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Grazia Maria Liuzzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70121 Bari, Italy; (T.L.); (G.M.L.)
| | - Giuseppina Talarico
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Bruno
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Gioacchino Galardo
- Medical Emergency Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Pugliese
- Department of Specialist Surgery and Organ Transplantation “Paride Stefanini”, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Miriam Lichtner
- Infectious Diseases Unit, SM Goretti Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Latina, Italy;
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Maria Mastroianni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.M.); (M.R.C.)
| | - Antonio Minni
- Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ASL Rieti-Sapienza University, Ospedale San Camillo de Lellis, Viale Kennedy, 02100 Rieti, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Ciardi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (P.P.); (F.D.); (F.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.M.); (M.R.C.)
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13
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Bekbossynova M, Tauekelova A, Sailybayeva A, Kozhakhmetov S, Mussabay K, Chulenbayeva L, Kossumov A, Khassenbekova Z, Vinogradova E, Kushugulova A. Unraveling Acute and Post-COVID Cytokine Patterns to Anticipate Future Challenges. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5224. [PMID: 37629267 PMCID: PMC10455949 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to analyze cytokine profiles in patients with COVID-19, gain insights into the immune response during acute infection, identify cytokines associated with disease severity and post-COVID complications, and explore potential biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic targets. Using a multiplex analysis, we studied the cytokine pattern in 294 acute COVID-19 and post-COVID patients with varying severities of infection. Our findings revealed that disease severity was associated with elevated levels of IL-15, IL-8, and fractalkine. Severe/extremely severe forms in comparison with mild/moderate disease were associated with MCP-1, IFNa2, IL-7, IL-15, EGF, IP-10, IL-8, Eotaxin, FGF-2, GROa, sCD40L, and IL-10. The key cytokines of post-COVID are FGF-2, VEGF-A, EGF, IL-12(p70), IL-13, and IL-6. By the sixth month after recovering from a coronavirus infection, regardless of disease severity, some patients may develop complications such as arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, glucose intolerance, thyrotoxicosis, atherosclerosis, and rapid progression of previously diagnosed conditions. Each complication is characterized by distinct cytokine profiles. Importantly, these complications can also be predicted during the acute phase of the coronavirus infection. Understanding cytokine patterns can aid in predicting disease progression, identifying high-risk patients, and developing targeted interventions to improve the outcomes of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makhabbat Bekbossynova
- National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (M.B.); (A.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Ainur Tauekelova
- National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (M.B.); (A.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Aliya Sailybayeva
- National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (M.B.); (A.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Samat Kozhakhmetov
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (S.K.); (L.C.); (A.K.); (E.V.)
| | - Karakoz Mussabay
- Department of Microbiology and Virology Named after Sh.I.Sarbasova, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Laura Chulenbayeva
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (S.K.); (L.C.); (A.K.); (E.V.)
| | - Alibek Kossumov
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (S.K.); (L.C.); (A.K.); (E.V.)
| | - Zhanagul Khassenbekova
- Department of General Pharmacology, Astana Medical University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Elizaveta Vinogradova
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (S.K.); (L.C.); (A.K.); (E.V.)
| | - Almagul Kushugulova
- National Research Cardiac Surgery Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (M.B.); (A.T.); (A.S.)
- Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (S.K.); (L.C.); (A.K.); (E.V.)
- Almagul Kushugulova, Laboratory of Microbiome, Center for Life Sciences, National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave., 53, Block S1, Office 303, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
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14
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Lipman D, Safo SE, Chekouo T. Integrative multi-omics approach for identifying molecular signatures and pathways and deriving and validating molecular scores for COVID-19 severity and status. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:319. [PMID: 37308820 PMCID: PMC10259816 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still more to learn about the pathobiology of COVID-19. A multi-omic approach offers a holistic view to better understand the mechanisms of COVID-19. We used state-of-the-art statistical learning methods to integrate genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and lipidomics data obtained from 123 patients experiencing COVID-19 or COVID-19-like symptoms for the purpose of identifying molecular signatures and corresponding pathways associated with the disease. RESULTS We constructed and validated molecular scores and evaluated their utility beyond clinical factors known to impact disease status and severity. We identified inflammation- and immune response-related pathways, and other pathways, providing insights into possible consequences of the disease. CONCLUSIONS The molecular scores we derived were strongly associated with disease status and severity and can be used to identify individuals at a higher risk for developing severe disease. These findings have the potential to provide further, and needed, insights into why certain individuals develop worse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danika Lipman
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sandra E Safo
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Thierry Chekouo
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA.
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15
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Salomão R, Assis V, de Sousa Neto IV, Petriz B, Babault N, Durigan JLQ, de Cássia Marqueti R. Involvement of Matrix Metalloproteinases in COVID-19: Molecular Targets, Mechanisms, and Insights for Therapeutic Interventions. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:843. [PMID: 37372128 PMCID: PMC10295079 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
MMPs are enzymes involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Notably, the proteolytic activation of MMPs can occur through angiotensin II, immune cells, cytokines, and pro-oxidant agents. However, comprehensive information regarding the impact of MMPs in the different physiological systems with disease progression is not fully understood. In the current study, we review the recent biological advances in understanding the function of MMPs and examine time-course changes in MMPs during COVID-19. In addition, we explore the interplay between pre-existing comorbidities, disease severity, and MMPs. The reviewed studies showed increases in different MMP classes in the cerebrospinal fluid, lung, myocardium, peripheral blood cells, serum, and plasma in patients with COVID-19 compared to non-infected individuals. Individuals with arthritis, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune diseases, and cancer had higher MMP levels when infected. Furthermore, this up-regulation may be associated with disease severity and the hospitalization period. Clarifying the molecular pathways and specific mechanisms that mediate MMP activity is important in developing optimized interventions to improve health and clinical outcomes during COVID-19. Furthermore, better knowledge of MMPs will likely provide possible pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. This relevant topic might add new concepts and implications for public health in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Salomão
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Health and Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, DF, Brazil
| | - Victoria Assis
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, DF, Brazil; (V.A.); (J.L.Q.D.)
| | - Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-907, SP, Brazil;
| | - Bernardo Petriz
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia 71966-700, DF, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Exercise Molecular Physiology, University Center UDF, Brasília 71966-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Babault
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, UFR des Sciences du Sport, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France;
- Centre d’Expertise de la Performance, UFR des Sciences du Sport, Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - João Luiz Quaglioti Durigan
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, DF, Brazil; (V.A.); (J.L.Q.D.)
| | - Rita de Cássia Marqueti
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Health and Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, DF, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Analysis, Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Ceilândia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-275, DF, Brazil; (V.A.); (J.L.Q.D.)
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16
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Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, Moadab F, Amiri A, Abbasifard M. The prevalence and contributing risk factors of coronavirus disease 2019 infection in patients with metabolic syndrome. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:100. [PMID: 37142990 PMCID: PMC10157563 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was reported to contribute to severe and worse outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Hereby, we evaluated the association of MetS and its components with susceptibility to COVID-19. METHODS Here, 1000 subjects with MetS were recruited that were diagnosed via the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criterion. Real-time PCR was exerted to detect SARS-CoV-2 in the nasopharyngeal swabs. RESULTS Among the MetS patients, 206 (20.6%) cases were detected to have COVID-19. Smoking (OR = 5.04, 95%CI = 3.53-7.21, P < 0.0001) and CVD (OR = 1.62, 95%CI = 1.09-2.40, P = 0.015) were associated with increased chance of COVID-19 infection in the MetS patients. BMI was significantly higher (P = 0.0001) in MetS cases with COVID-19 than those without COVID-19. Obesity was associated with increased susceptibility to COVID-19 in MetS patients (OR = 2.00, 95%CI = 1.47-2.74, P < 0.0001). Total cholesterol, TG, LDL were significantly higher in the MetS cases with COVID-19 than those without COVID-19. Dyslipidemia was associated with increased chance of COVID-19 (OR = 1.50, 95%CI = 1.10-2.05, P = 0.0104). FBS level was significantly higher in the MetS cases with COVID-19. T2DM was associated with increased risk of COVID-19 in MetS patients (OR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.01-2.00, P = 0.0384). Hypertension was associated with increased chance of COVID-19 in the MetS patients (OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.05-1.98, P = 0.0234). CONCLUSIONS MetS and its components, like obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular complications were associated with increased chance of COVID-19 infection development and probably with aggravated symptoms in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moadab
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Amiri
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, PR China
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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17
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Maity S, Mayer MG, Shu Q, Linh H, Bao D, Blair RV, He Y, Lyon CJ, Hu TY, Fischer T, Fan J. Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Markers Indicate Neuro-Damage in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Nonhuman Primates. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100523. [PMID: 36870567 PMCID: PMC9981268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurologic manifestations are among the most frequently reported complications of COVID-19. However, given the paucity of tissue samples and the highly infectious nature of the etiologic agent of COVID-19, we have limited information to understand the neuropathogenesis of COVID-19. Therefore, to better understand the impact of COVID-19 on the brain, we used mass-spectrometry-based proteomics with a data-independent acquisition mode to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins collected from two different nonhuman primates, Rhesus Macaque and African Green Monkeys, for the neurologic effects of the infection. These monkeys exhibited minimal to mild pulmonary pathology but moderate to severe central nervous system (CNS) pathology. Our results indicated that CSF proteome changes after infection resolution corresponded with bronchial virus abundance during early infection and revealed substantial differences between the infected nonhuman primates and their age-matched uninfected controls, suggesting these differences could reflect altered secretion of CNS factors in response to SARS-CoV-2-induced neuropathology. We also observed the infected animals exhibited highly scattered data distributions compared to their corresponding controls indicating the heterogeneity of the CSF proteome change and the host response to the viral infection. Dysregulated CSF proteins were preferentially enriched in functional pathways associated with progressive neurodegenerative disorders, hemostasis, and innate immune responses that could influence neuroinflammatory responses following COVID-19. Mapping these dysregulated proteins to the Human Brain Protein Atlas found that they tended to be enriched in brain regions that exhibit more frequent injury following COVID-19. It, therefore, appears reasonable to speculate that such CSF protein changes could serve as signatures for neurologic injury, identify important regulatory pathways in this process, and potentially reveal therapeutic targets to prevent or attenuate the development of neurologic injuries following COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipa Maity
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Meredith G Mayer
- Division of Comparative Pathology, National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Qingbo Shu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hellmers Linh
- Division of Comparative Pathology, National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Duran Bao
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Robert V Blair
- Division of Comparative Pathology, National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yanlin He
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Christopher J Lyon
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tony Y Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tracy Fischer
- Division of Comparative Pathology, National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jia Fan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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18
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Fortova A, Hönig V, Salat J, Palus M, Pychova M, Krbkova L, Barkhash AV, Kriha MF, Chrdle A, Lipoldova M, Ruzek D. Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as a biomarker in paediatric and adult tick-borne encephalitis patients. Virus Res 2023; 324:199020. [PMID: 36528170 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.199020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in central nervous system infections. We analysed the levels of 8 different MMPs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 89 adult patients infected with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus and compared them with the levels in a control group. MMP-9 was the only MMP that showed significantly increased CSF levels in TBE patients. Serum MMP-9 levels were subsequently measured in 101 adult TBE patients at various time points during the neurological phase of TBE and at follow-up. In addition, serum MMP-9 was analysed in 37 paediatric TBE patients. Compared with control levels, both paediatric and adult TBE patients had significantly elevated serum MMP-9 levels. In most adult patients, serum MMP-9 levels peaked at hospital admission, with higher serum MMP-9 levels observed in patients with encephalitis than in patients with meningitis. Elevated serum MMP-9 levels were observed throughout hospitalisation but decreased to normal levels at follow-up. Serum MMP-9 levels correlated with clinical course, especially in patients heterozygous for the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs17576 (A/G; Gln279Arg) in the MMP9 gene. The results highlight the importance of MMP-9 in the pathogenesis of TBE and suggest that serum MMP-9 may serve as a promising bioindicator of TBE in both paediatric and adult TBE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fortova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, CZ-62100 Brno, Czechia
| | - Vaclav Hönig
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, CZ-62100 Brno, Czechia; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Jiri Salat
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, CZ-62100 Brno, Czechia; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Martin Palus
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, CZ-62100 Brno, Czechia; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Martina Pychova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-62500 Brno, Czechia
| | - Lenka Krbkova
- Department of Children's Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Masaryk University, CZ-61300 Brno, Czechia
| | - Andrey V Barkhash
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Michal F Kriha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Ceske Budejovice, CZ-37001 Ceske Budejovice, Czechia; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czechia
| | - Ales Chrdle
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Ceske Budejovice, CZ-37001 Ceske Budejovice, Czechia; Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot St, Liverpool L7 8XP, UK
| | - Marie Lipoldova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-14220 Prague, Czechia
| | - Daniel Ruzek
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Veterinary Research Institute, CZ-62100 Brno, Czechia; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czechia; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, CZ-62500 Brno, Czechia.
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19
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Huang JJ, Wang CW, Liu Y, Zhang YY, Yang NB, Yu YC, Jiang Q, Song QF, Qian GQ. Role of the extracellular matrix in COVID-19. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:73-83. [PMID: 36687194 PMCID: PMC9846981 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally, with over 500 million cases and 6 million deaths to date. COVID-19 is associated with a systemic inflammatory response and abnormalities of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is also involved in inflammatory storms. Upon viral infection, ECM proteins are involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells and interference with target organ metabolism, including in the lungs. Additionally, serum biomarkers of ECM turnover are associated with the severity of COVID-19 and may serve as potential targets. Consequently, understanding the expression and function of ECM, particularly of the lung, during severe acute respiratory syndrome of the coronavirus 2 infection would provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of COVID-19 progression. In this review, we summarize the current findings on ECM, such as hyaluronic acid, matrix metalloproteinases, and collagen, which are linked to the severity and inflammation of COVID-19. Some drugs targeting the extracellular surface have been effective. In the future, these ECM findings could provide novel perspectives on the pathogenesis and treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jia Huang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chu-Wen Wang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Nai-Bin Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Chun Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo Ninth Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Department of Digestive, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi-Fa Song
- Medical Data Center, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guo-Qing Qian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang Province, China
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20
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Han L, Wang Z, Yuan J, He J, Deng Y, Zhu DS, Guan YT. Circulating Leukocyte as an Inflammatory Biomarker: Association with Fibrinogen and Neuronal Damage in Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1213-1226. [PMID: 36974204 PMCID: PMC10039626 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s399021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Leukocytes and fibrinogen are inflammatory markers involved in circulating and central inflammatory response after ischemic stroke. However, the interaction between circulating leukocytes and serum fibrinogen and neuronal injury in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the association between circulating leukocyte and serum fibrinogen and neuronal injury respectively in AIS. Methods A cross-section study with 431 hospitalized AIS patients from department of neurology was performed. Circulating leukocytes and fibrinogen were measured, and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) was detected to evaluate central neuronal damage. A propensity score matching method was used to minimize the effects of confounding factors. The relationship between leukocytes and NSE and fibrinogen was analyzed by linear curve fitting analysis and multiple logistic regression models respectively. Results The mean levels of NSE, leukocyte, and fibrinogen were significantly higher in the matched AIS group (n=89) than those of in the healthy control group (n=89) (all p<0.05). Both serum NSE and fibrinogen were increased with the increasing of leukocyte in AIS patients (both p<0.05). Smoothed plots suggested that there are linear relationships between leukocyte and NSE and fibrinogen respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed the OR (95%) for the relationship between leukocyte and high NSE were 1.13 (1.01-1.26, p=0.031) and 1.13 (1.00-1.28, p=0.048), and between leukocyte and high fibrinogen were 1.40 (1.22-1.61, p<0.001) and 1.35 (1.15-1.58, p<0.001) in all AIS patients before and after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusion Our study suggests that elevated circulating leukocyte was associated with high fibrinogen and neuronal injury in AIS. Therefore, there may be potential targets among circulating leukocyte, fibrinogen and NSE that should be intervened to reduce inflammatory reaction after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Deng
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - De-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Neurology, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China
- De-Sheng Zhu, Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 160, Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13564719779, Email
| | - Yang-Tai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yang-Tai Guan, Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 160, Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13386271865, Fax +86-21-68383482, Email
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21
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Ramezani S, Ezzatifar F, Hojjatipour T, Hemmatzadeh M, Shabgah AG, Navashenaq JG, Aslani S, Shomali N, Arabi M, Babaie F, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Hosseinzadeh R, Feizisani F, Khodayar S, Safari R, Mohammadi H. Association of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family gene polymorphisms and the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); implications of contribution for development of neurological symptoms in the COVID-19 patients. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:173-183. [PMID: 36319784 PMCID: PMC9628292 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07907-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seemingly, the Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a role in the etiopathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here in this study, we determined the association of MMP9 rs3918242, MMP3 rs3025058, and MMP2 rs243865 polymorphisms with the risk of COVID-19, especially in those with neurological syndrome (NS). METHODS We enrolled 500 patients with COVID-19 and 500 healthy individuals. To genotype the target SNPs, the Real-time allelic discrimination technique was used. To determine serum levels of MMPs, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was exerted. RESULTS The MMP9 gene rs3918242 and MMP3 gene rs3025058 SNP were significantly associated with increased COVID-19 risk and susceptibility to COVID-19 with NS. The serum level of MMP-9 and MMP-3 was significantly higher in COVID-19 cases compared with the healthy controls. Serum MMP-9 and MMP-3 levels were also higher in COVID-19 subjects with NS in comparison to the healthy controls. The polymorphisms in MMP genes were not associated with serum level of MMPs. CONCLUSION MMP9 and MMP3 gene polymorphisms increases the susceptibility to COVID-19 as well as COVID-19 with neurologic syndrome, but they probably have no role in the regulation of serum MMP-9 and MMP-3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Ramezani
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ezzatifar
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Tahereh Hojjatipour
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Students Research Centre, School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Shomali
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Arabi
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Feizisani
- Student Research Committee, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran
| | - Sara Khodayar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Roghaiyeh Safari
- Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics (GIGA), Belgium. Molecular and Cellular Biology (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman Liège, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium.
- Molecular and Cellular Biology (TERRA), Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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22
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Neuro-Axonal Damage and Alteration of Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity in COVID-19 Patients. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162480. [PMID: 36010557 PMCID: PMC9406414 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a specific biomarker of neuro-axonal damage. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent enzymes involved in blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity. We explored neuro-axonal damage, alteration of BBB integrity and SARS-CoV-2 RNA presence in COVID-19 patients with severe neurological symptoms (neuro-COVID) as well as neuro-axonal damage in COVID-19 patients without severe neurological symptoms according to disease severity and after recovery, comparing the obtained findings with healthy donors (HD). Overall, COVID-19 patients (n = 55) showed higher plasma NfL levels compared to HD (n = 31) (p < 0.0001), especially those who developed ARDS (n = 28) (p = 0.0005). After recovery, plasma NfL levels were still higher in ARDS patients compared to HD (p = 0.0037). In neuro-COVID patients (n = 12), higher CSF and plasma NfL, and CSF MMP-2 levels in ARDS than non-ARDS group were observed (p = 0.0357, p = 0.0346 and p = 0.0303, respectively). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in four CSF and two plasma samples. SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was not associated to increased CSF NfL and MMP levels. During COVID-19, ARDS could be associated to CNS damage and alteration of BBB integrity in the absence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection in CSF or blood. CNS damage was still detectable after discharge in blood of COVID-19 patients who developed ARDS during hospitalization.
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23
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Fernandez-Patron C, Hardy E. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Health and Disease in the Times of COVID-19. Biomolecules 2022; 12:692. [PMID: 35625620 PMCID: PMC9138430 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Much has been written about matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in health and disease conditions, but their roles in the setting of COVID-19 and associated illnesses remain understudied [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernandez-Patron
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Eugenio Hardy
- Center of Molecular Immunology, P.O. Box 16040, Havana 11600, Cuba
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24
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Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, Rezazadeh Zarandi E, Mirabzadeh M, Amiri A, Abbasifard M. mRNA expression of toll-like receptors 3, 7, 8, and 9 in the nasopharyngeal epithelial cells of coronavirus disease 2019 patients. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:448. [PMID: 35538443 PMCID: PMC9086663 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The etiopathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) stem partially from the abnormal activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Here in the current investigation, the mRNA expression levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs) were evaluated in the nasopharyngeal epithelial cells from COVID-19 patients. Methods Epithelial cells were obtained using nasopharyngeal swab samples from 90 COVID-19 patients and 50 controls. COVID-19 cases were classified into those without symptoms, with symptoms but not hospitalized, and with symptoms and hospitalized. To determine the mRNA expression levels of TLRs, first RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized, and finally Real-time PCR was exerted. Results It was seen that the transcript levels of TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 were overexpressed in the COVID-19 patients with clinical symptoms needing hospitalization as well as in those with clinical symptoms without needing for hospitalization compared to controls. Upregulation of TLRs was associated with clinical presentations of the patients. Conclusions Modulation of TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9 in the epithelial cells of COVID-19 cases may estimate the disease severity and requirement for hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rezazadeh Zarandi
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mirabzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Amiri
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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25
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Edén A, Grahn A, Bremell D, Aghvanyan A, Bathala P, Fuchs D, Gostner J, Hagberg L, Kanberg N, Kanjananimmanont S, Lindh M, Misaghian S, Nilsson S, Schöll M, Sigal G, Stentoft E, Studahl M, Yilmaz A, Wang M, Stengelin M, Zetterberg H, Gisslén M. Viral Antigen and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Patients With COVID-19 Infection and Neurologic Symptoms Compared With Control Participants Without Infection or Neurologic Symptoms. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2213253. [PMID: 35604688 PMCID: PMC9127556 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Neurologic symptoms are common in COVID-19, but the central nervous system (CNS) pathogenesis is unclear, and viral RNA is rarely detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). OBJECTIVE To measure viral antigen and inflammatory biomarkers in CSF in relation to neurologic symptoms and disease severity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional study was performed from March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021, in patients 18 years or older who were admitted to Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, with COVID-19. All patients had CSF samples taken because of neurologic symptoms or within a study protocol. Healthy volunteer and prepandemic control groups were included. EXPOSURE SARS-CoV-2 infection. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Outcomes included CSF SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) using an ultrasensitive antigen capture immunoassay platform and CSF biomarkers of immune activation (neopterin, β2-microglobulin, and cytokines) and neuronal injury (neurofilament light protein [NfL]). RESULTS Forty-four patients (median [IQR] age, 57 [48-69] years; 30 [68%] male; 26 with moderate COVID-19 and 18 with severe COVID-19 based on the World Health Organization Clinical Progression Scale), 10 healthy controls (median [IQR] age, 58 [54-60] years; 5 [50%] male), and 41 patient controls (COVID negative without evidence of CNS infection) (median [IQR] age, 59 [49-70] years; 19 [46%] male) were included in the study. Twenty-one patients were neuroasymptomatic and 23 were neurosymptomatic (21 with encephalopathy). In 31 of 35 patients for whom data were available (89%), CSF N-Ag was detected; viral RNA test results were negative in all. Nucleocapsid antigen was significantly correlated with CSF neopterin (r = 0.38; P = .03) and interferon γ (r = 0.42; P = .01). No differences in CSF N-Ag concentrations were found between patient groups. Patients had markedly increased CSF neopterin, β2-microglobulin, interleukin (IL) 2, IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α compared with controls. Neurosymptomatic patients had significantly higher median (IQR) CSF interferon γ (86 [47-172] vs 21 [17-81] fg/mL; P = .03) and had a significantly higher inflammatory biomarker profile using principal component analysis compared with neuroasymptomatic patients (0.54; 95% CI, 0.03-1.05; P = .04). Age-adjusted median (IQR) CSF NfL concentrations were higher in patients compared with controls (960 [673-1307] vs 618 [489-786] ng/L; P = .002). No differences were seen in any CSF biomarkers in moderate compared with severe disease. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study of Swedish adults with COVID-19 infection and neurologic symptoms, compared with control participants, viral antigen was detectable in CSF and correlated with CNS immune activation. Patients with COVID-19 had signs of neuroaxonal injury, and neurosymptomatic patients had a more marked inflammatory profile that could not be attributed to differences in COVID-19 severity. These results highlight the clinical relevance of neurologic symptoms and suggest that viral components can contribute to CNS immune responses without direct viral invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvid Edén
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Grahn
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Bremell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Austria
| | - Johanna Gostner
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Biocenter, Austria
| | - Lars Hagberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nelly Kanberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Magnus Lindh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Staffan Nilsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael Schöll
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, England
| | | | - Erika Stentoft
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie Studahl
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aylin Yilmaz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, England
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, England
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Magnus Gisslén
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Infectious Diseases, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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26
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Hsu RJ, Yu WC, Peng GR, Ye CH, Hu S, Chong PCT, Yap KY, Lee JYC, Lin WC, Yu SH. The Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:832394. [PMID: 35464491 PMCID: PMC9021400 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.832394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence in 2019. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mortality is caused by uncontrolled inflammation, aberrant immune response, cytokine storm, and an imbalanced hyperactive immune system. The cytokine storm further results in multiple organ failure and lung immunopathology. Therefore, any potential treatments should focus on the direct elimination of viral particles, prevention strategies, and mitigation of the imbalanced (hyperactive) immune system. This review focuses on cytokine secretions of innate and adaptive immune responses against COVID-19, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and other chemokines. In addition to the review focus, we discuss potential immunotherapeutic approaches based on relevant pathophysiological features, the systemic immune response against SARS-CoV-2, and data from recent clinical trials and experiments on the COVID-19-associated cytokine storm. Prompt use of these cytokines as diagnostic markers and aggressive prevention and management of the cytokine storm can help determine COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality. The prophylaxis and rapid management of the cytokine storm appear to significantly improve disease outcomes. For these reasons, this study aims to provide advanced information to facilitate innovative strategies to survive in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Jun Hsu
- Cancer Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ru Peng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Ye
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - SuiYun Hu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kah Yi Yap
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Chen Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Bagheri-Hosseinabadi Z, Abbasi M, Kahnooji M, Ghorbani Z, Abbasifard M. The prognostic value of S100A calcium binding protein family members in predicting severe forms of COVID-19. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:369-376. [PMID: 35217896 PMCID: PMC8881187 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive inflammation has been implicated in the immunopathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In the current study, the involvement of S100 calcium binding protein S100A4, S100A9, and S100A10 in the inflammatory settings of COVID-19 patients were evaluated. Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 65 COVID-19 subjects and 50 healthy controls. From the blood samples, RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized, and then the mRNA expression levels of S100A4, S100A9, and S100A10 were measured by Real-time PCR. Results The mRNA expression of S100A4 (fold change [FC] = 1.45, P = 0.0011), S100A9 (FC = 1.47, P = 0.0013), and S100A10 (FC = 1.35, P = 0.0053) was significantly upregulated in COVID-19 patients than controls. The mRNA expression of S100A4 (FC = 1.43, P = 0.0071), (FC = 1.66, P = 0.0001), and S100A10 (FC = 1.63, P = 0.0003) was significantly upregulated in the severe COVID-19 subjects than mild-to-moderate subjects. There was a significant positive correlation between mRNA expression of S100A4 (ρ = 0.49, P = 0.030), S100A9 (ρ = 0.55, P = 0.009), and S100A10 (ρ = 0.39, P = 0.040) and d-dimer in the COVID-19 patients. The AUC for S100A4, S100A9, and S100A10 mRNAs were 0.79 (95% CI 0.66–0.92, P = 0.004), 0.80 (95% CI 0.67–0.93, P = 0.002), and 0.71 (95% CI 0.56–0.85, P = 0.010), respectively. Conclusions S100A4, S100A9, and S100A10 play a role in the inflammatory conditions in COVID-19 patients and have potential in prognosis of severe form of COVID-19. Targeting these modules, hopefully, might confer a therapeutic tool in preventing sever symptoms in the COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bagheri-Hosseinabadi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadese Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahmood Kahnooji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zainab Ghorbani
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mitra Abbasifard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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