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Fang X, Song T, Zheng L, Weng Y, Gao F, Mo C, Zheng X. Targeting mast cell activation alleviates anti-MHC I antibody and LPS-induced TRALI in mice by pharmacologically blocking the TLR3 and MAPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 180:117456. [PMID: 39326104 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Transfusion-related lung injury (TRALI) poses a significant risk following blood transfusion and remains the primary cause of transfusion-related morbidity and mortality, primarily driven by the activation of immune cells through anti-major histocompatibility complex class I (anti-MHC I) antibody. However, it remains to be defined how immune microenvironmental cue contributes to TRALI. Here, we uncover that activated mast cells within the immune microenvironment promote lung inflammation and injury in antibody-mediated TRALI, both in vitro and in vivo. This was demonstrated by co-culturing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-pretreated mast cell line with anti-MHC I antibody and establishing a "two-hit" TRALI mouse model through intratracheal injection of LPS followed by tail-vein injection of anti-MHC I antibody. Importantly, mast cell-deficient KitW-sh/W-sh mice exhibited markedly reduced lung inflammation and injury responses in antibody-mediated TRALI compared with wild-type mice. Mechanistically, activation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in mast cells contributes to the enhanced production of proinflammatory factors. These excessive proinflammatory factors produced by activated mast cells contribute to lung inflammation and injury in antibody-mediated TRALI. Pharmacologically targeting the TLR3/MAPK pathway to inhibit mast cell activation normalizes the proinflammatory microenvironment and alleviates lung inflammation and injury in the preclinical TRALI mouse model. Overall, we find that activation of mast cells via the TLR3/MAPK pathway contributes to lung inflammation and injury in antibody-mediated TRALI, providing novel insights into its underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, targeting activated mast cells and the associated pathway offers potential therapeutic strategies for antibody-mediated TRALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China.
| | - Tianjiao Song
- Department of Emergency, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Ling Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Yueyi Weng
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Chunheng Mo
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xiaochun Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University & Fujian Emergency Medical Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Co-constructed Laboratory of "Belt and Road", Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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Ishmael L, Casale T, Cardet JC. Molecular Pathways and Potential Therapeutic Targets of Refractory Asthma. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:583. [PMID: 39194521 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease. Refractory asthma poses a significant challenge in management due to its resistance to standard therapies. Key molecular pathways of refractory asthma include T2 inflammation mediated by Th2 and ILC2 cells, eosinophils, and cytokines including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Additionally, non-T2 mechanisms involving neutrophils, macrophages, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17 mediate a corticosteroid resistant phenotype. Mediators including alarmins (IL-25, IL-33, TSLP) and OX40L have overlap between T2 and non-T2 inflammation and may signify unique pathways of asthma inflammation. Therapies that target these pathways and mediators have proven to be effective in reducing exacerbations and improving lung function in subsets of severe asthma patients. However, there are patients with severe asthma who do not respond to approved therapies. Small molecule inhibitors, such as JAK-inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies targeting mast cells, IL-1, IL-6, IL-33, TNFα, and OX40L are under investigation for their potential to modulate inflammation involved in refractory asthma. Understanding refractory asthma heterogeneity and identifying mediators involved are essential in developing therapeutic interventions for patients unresponsive to currently approved biologics. Further investigation is needed to develop personalized treatments based on these molecular insights to potentially offer more effective treatments for this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Ishmael
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Thomas Casale
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Cardet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Allam VSRR, Akula S, Waern I, Taha S, Wernersson S, Pejler G. Monensin Suppresses Multiple Features of House Dust Mite-Induced Experimental Asthma in Mice. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02090-7. [PMID: 38958812 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02090-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Despite intense efforts to develop efficient therapeutic regimes for asthma, there is a large demand for novel treatment strategies in this disease. Here we evaluated the impact of monensin, a drug with potent anti-mast cell effects, in a mouse model of asthma. Allergic airway inflammation was induced by sensitization of mice with house dust mite (HDM) antigen, and effects of monensin on airway hyperreactivity and inflammatory parameters were studied. Following intraperitoneal administration, monensin did not suppress airway hyperreactivity but was shown to have anti-inflammatory properties, as manifested by reduced eosinophil- and lymphocyte infiltration into the airway lumen, and by suppressed inflammation of the lung tissue. After intranasal instillation, monensin exhibited similar anti-inflammatory effects as seen after intraperitoneal administration. Moreover, intranasally administered monensin was demonstrated to suppress goblet cell hyperplasia, and to cause a reduction in the expression of genes coding for key inflammatory markers. Further, monensin blocked mast cell degranulation in the airways of allergen-sensitized mice. Together, this study reveals that monensin has the capacity to suppress key pathological events associated with allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Sita Rama Raju Allam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Srinivas Akula
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ida Waern
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sowsan Taha
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Wernersson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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4
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Gong R, Wang Z, Tan G, Huang Y. Bioinformatics analysis revealed underlying molecular mechanisms associated with asthma severity and identified GABAergic related pathway as a potential therapy for Th2-high endotype asthma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28401. [PMID: 38586354 PMCID: PMC10998110 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma, a principally T helper 2 (Th2) cell mediated immunological disease, is categorized into Th2-high and Th2-low endotypes. The influence of these endotypes on clinical characteristics and treatment responsiveness in asthma is yet to be completely understood. This study delves into the underlying molecular mechanisms of Th2 endotypes on asthma. Methods Transcriptomics data of airway epithelial and corresponding clinical information were sourced from the GEO. The co-expression modules were established by WGCNA. Cytoscape was applied to construct PPI networks, and hub genes were determined via the Cytohubba plugin. Additionally, a functional enrichment analysis was conducted on the co-expressed genes from the relevant modules. The relative abundances levels of 22 different types of immune cells in asthma patients were evaluated by CIBERSORT algorithm. Results There were 471 genes in the pink module significantly correlated with Th2 endotype. Overall, 151 DEGs were identified in the various Th2 endotypes, and 66 were obtained through intersection with the pink module. In the PPI network, the ten most important genes that regulate Th2 endotypes were selected as hub genes. In Th2-high endotype asthma, the hub genes were significantly related to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) pathways, indicating that hub genes can mainly regulate Th2-high endotype asthma through GABAergic system. Conclusions The severity of asthma is influenced by different Th2 endotypes. GABAergic related hub genes may provide innovative insights for the treatment of Th2-high asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisong Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Gang Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuguang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
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Gutiérrez-Vera C, García-Betancourt R, Palacios PA, Müller M, Montero DA, Verdugo C, Ortiz F, Simon F, Kalergis AM, González PA, Saavedra-Avila NA, Porcelli SA, Carreño LJ. Natural killer T cells in allergic asthma: implications for the development of novel immunotherapeutical strategies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1364774. [PMID: 38629075 PMCID: PMC11018981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1364774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma has emerged as a prevalent allergic disease worldwide, affecting most prominently both young individuals and lower-income populations in developing and developed countries. To devise effective and curative immunotherapy, it is crucial to comprehend the intricate nature of this condition, characterized by an immune response imbalance that favors a proinflammatory profile orchestrated by diverse subsets of immune cells. Although the involvement of Natural Killer T (NKT) cells in asthma pathology is frequently implied, their specific contributions to disease onset and progression remain incompletely understood. Given their remarkable ability to modulate the immune response through the rapid secretion of various cytokines, NKT cells represent a promising target for the development of effective immunotherapy against allergic asthma. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of NKT cells in the context of allergic asthma, along with novel therapeutic approaches that leverage the functional response of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristián Gutiérrez-Vera
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Richard García-Betancourt
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. Palacios
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marioly Müller
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David A. Montero
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Verdugo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Ortiz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Noemi A. Saavedra-Avila
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Steven A. Porcelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Leandro J. Carreño
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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6
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Goyal RK, Rattan S. Role of mechanoregulation in mast cell-mediated immune inflammation of the smooth muscle in the pathophysiology of esophageal motility disorders. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G398-G410. [PMID: 38290993 PMCID: PMC11213482 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00258.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Major esophageal disorders involve obstructive transport of bolus to the stomach, causing symptoms of dysphagia and impaired clearing of the refluxed gastric contents. These may occur due to mechanical constriction of the esophageal lumen or loss of relaxation associated with deglutitive inhibition, as in achalasia-like disorders. Recently, immune inflammation has been identified as an important cause of esophageal strictures and the loss of inhibitory neurotransmission. These disorders are also associated with smooth muscle hypertrophy and hypercontractility, whose cause is unknown. This review investigated immune inflammation in the causation of smooth muscle changes in obstructive esophageal bolus transport. Findings suggest that smooth muscle hypertrophy occurs above the obstruction and is due to mechanical stress on the smooth muscles. The mechanostressed smooth muscles release cytokines and other molecules that may recruit and microlocalize mast cells to smooth muscle bundles, so that their products may have a close bidirectional effect on each other. Acting in a paracrine fashion, the inflammatory cytokines induce genetic and epigenetic changes in the smooth muscles, leading to smooth muscle hypercontractility, hypertrophy, and impaired relaxation. These changes may worsen difficulty in the esophageal transport. Immune processes differ in the first phase of obstructive bolus transport, and the second phase of muscle hypertrophy and hypercontractility. Moreover, changes in the type of mechanical stress may change immune response and effect on smooth muscles. Understanding immune signaling in causes of obstructive bolus transport, type of mechanical stress, and associated smooth muscle changes may help pathophysiology-based prevention and targeted treatment of esophageal motility disorders.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Esophageal disorders such as esophageal stricture or achalasia, and diffuse esophageal spasm are associated with smooth muscle hypertrophy and hypercontractility, above the obstruction, yet the cause of such changes is unknown. This review suggests that smooth muscle obstructive disorders may cause mechanical stress on smooth muscle, which then secretes chemicals that recruit, microlocalize, and activate mast cells to initiate immune inflammation, producing functional and structural changes in smooth muscles. Understanding the immune signaling in these changes may help pathophysiology-based prevention and targeted treatment of esophageal motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj K Goyal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, Massachusetts, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Satish Rattan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sidney Kummel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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Yan Q, Zhang X, Xie Y, Yang J, Liu C, Zhang M, Zheng W, Lin X, Huang HT, Liu X, Jiang Y, Zhan SF, Huang X. Bronchial epithelial transcriptomics and experimental validation reveal asthma severity-related neutrophilc signatures and potential treatments. Commun Biol 2024; 7:181. [PMID: 38351296 PMCID: PMC10864370 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Airway epithelial transcriptome analysis of asthma patients with different severity was used to disentangle the immune infiltration mechanisms affecting asthma exacerbation, which may be advantageous to asthma treatment. Here we introduce various bioinformatics methods and develop two models: an OVA/CFA-induced neutrophil asthma mouse model and an LPS-induced human bronchial epithelial cell damage model. Our objective is to investigate the molecular mechanisms, potential targets, and therapeutic strategies associated with asthma severity. Multiple bioinformatics methods identify meaningful differences in the degree of neutrophil infiltration in asthma patients with different severity. Then, PTPRC, TLR2, MMP9, FCGR3B, TYROBP, CXCR1, S100A12, FPR1, CCR1 and CXCR2 are identified as the hub genes. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of 10 hub genes is determined in vivo and in vitro models. Reperixin is identified as a pivotal drug targeting CXCR1, CXCR2 and MMP9. We further test the potential efficiency of Reperixin in 16HBE cells, and conclude that Reperixin can attenuate LPS-induced cellular damage and inhibit the expression of them. In this study, we successfully identify and validate several neutrophilic signatures and targets associated with asthma severity. Notably, Reperixin displays the ability to target CXCR1, CXCR2, and MMP9, suggesting its potential therapeutic value for managing deteriorating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengxin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaofen Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjiang Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Lin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Ting Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Shao-Feng Zhan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiufang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Su Y, Xu J, Zhu Z, Chin J, Xu L, Yu H, Nudell V, Dash B, Moya EA, Ye L, Nimmerjahn A, Sun X. Brainstem Dbh+ Neurons Control Chronic Allergen-Induced Airway Hyperreactivity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.02.04.527145. [PMID: 36778350 PMCID: PMC9915738 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.04.527145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure of the lung to irritants such as allergen is a primary cause of asthma characterized by exaggerated airway constriction, also called hyperreactivity, which can be life-threatening. Aside from immune cells, vagal sensory neurons are important for airway hyperreactivity 1-4 . However, the identity and signature of the downstream nodes of this adaptive circuit remains poorly understood. Here we show that a single population of Dbh + neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (nTS) of the brainstem, and downstream neurons in the nucleus ambiguous (NA), are both necessary and sufficient for chronic allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity. We found that repeated exposures of mice to inhaled allergen activates nTS neurons in a mast cell-, interleukin 4 (IL-4)-and vagal nerve-dependent manner. Single-nucleus RNA-seq of the nTS at baseline and following allergen challenges reveals that a Dbh + population is preferentially activated. Ablation or chemogenetic inactivation of Dbh + nTS neurons blunted, while chemogenetic activation promoted hyperreactivity. Viral tracing indicates that Dbh + nTS neurons, capable of producing norepinephrine, project to the NA, and NA neurons are necessary and sufficient to relay allergen signals to postganglionic neurons that then directly drive airway constriction. Focusing on transmitters, delivery of norepinephrine antagonists to the NA blunted allergen-induced hyperreactivity. Together, these findings provide molecular, anatomical and functional definitions of key nodes of a canonical allergen response circuit. The knowledge opens the possibility of targeted neural modulation as an approach to control refractory allergen-induced airway constriction.
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Ribatti D. Mast cells are at the interface between the external environment and the inner organism. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1332047. [PMID: 38239615 PMCID: PMC10794488 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1332047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cells localized at the level of the mucosal barrier in the skin, lung, and gastrointestinal tract, intervene in the modulation of the function of the epithelial cells and are involved in innate and adaptive defensive responses. In this context, mast cells intervene in the recognition and clearance of microbial pathogens. This mini-review article discusses the role of mast cells in these barrier systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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10
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Liu F, Duan W, Guan T, Zhou Q, Yan W, Geng Y. Water extract of Pingchuan formula ameliorated murine asthma through modulating metabolites and gut microbiota. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115728. [PMID: 37793314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pingchuan formula is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription for asthma, but its components and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we evaluated its anti-asthmatic actvity and regulatory effects on the gut microbiota in mice based on the traditional Chinese medicine Zang-Fu theory, which proposed the exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine. METHODS Mouse model withovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma was used to assess the protective effect of the water extract of Pingchuan formula (PC). The chemical compounds of PC and mouse serum metabolites were identified by Ultraperformance liquid chromatography-Q Exactive HF-X spectrometry. Gut microbiota was evaluated by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. The gut microbiota was depleted with a broad-spectrum antibiotic mixture (Abx) to explore whether it plays a role in the protective effects of PC. RESULTS PC mainly contains phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, carboxylic acids, and their derivatives. PC attenuated OVA-induced asthma in mice by alleviating inflammatory infiltration, indicated by decreased levels of IL-18, IL-6, IL-4, and Eotaxin in lung tissues. PC treatment altered the serum metabolites and affected the pyrimidine pathway. In addition, our results showed that acacetin and abscisic acid were the key serum metabolites PC treatment changed the composition of gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG_014 and Akkermansia while decreasing Blautia, Barnesiella, and Clostridium_Ⅲ at the genus level. Importantly, the Abx treatment partly abolished the anti-asthmatic effect of PC. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that PC could alleviate OVA-induced asthma in mice and protect against inflammatory infiltration in lungs via modulating the serum metabolites and gut microbiota, thereby providing a new reference for the therapeutic effect of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- WuXi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhui Duan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyue Guan
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Geng
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Mažerik J, Gondáš E, Smieško L, Fraňová S, Šutovská M. Effects of TRPV4 channel blocker on airway inflammation and airway defense reflexes in experimentally induced model of allergic asthma. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 316:104123. [PMID: 37495166 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels regulate physiological and pathological processes. Changes in their activity and sensitivity may be involved in the pathophysiology of asthma. The present study investigates the effect of an inhaled TRPV4 channel blocker HC-067047 in an experimental guinea pig model of ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma. We monitored the effect of 50 nM, 100 nM, and 150 nM HC-067047 concentrations on airway defense reflexes in vivo and tracheal smooth muscle contractility in vitro. The anti-inflammatory action of HC-067047 was investigated by analysis of chronic inflammation markers from lung homogenates. The results suggest that HC-067047 can suppress airway defense reflexes in vivo and acetylcholine-induced contractility in vitro. Immunological analysis revealed that TRPV4 channel blockade leads to a decrease in the levels of inflammatory cytokines. An effect on airway defence reflexes and airway inflammation was observed using tested concentrations (50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM) of HC-067047. The effects of HC-067047 on both airway defense reflexes and inflammation underline the role of TRPV4 channels in asthma and uncover therapeutic targets for developing innovative drugs in asthma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Mažerik
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia.
| | - Eduard Gondáš
- Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lukáš Smieško
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Soňa Fraňová
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Martina Šutovská
- Department of Pharmacology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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12
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Cao TBT, Quoc QL, Yang EM, Moon JY, Shin YS, Ryu MS, Choi Y, Park HS. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Enhances Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation in Severe Asthma. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2023; 15:451-472. [PMID: 37075799 PMCID: PMC10359643 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2023.15.4.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Severe asthma (SA) is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and remodeling, followed by lung function decline. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the pathogenesis of SA. METHODS We enrolled 250 adult asthmatics (54 with SA and 196 with non-SA) and 140 healthy controls (HCs). Serum TIMP-1 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The release of TIMP-1 from airway epithelial cells (AECs) in response to stimuli as well as the effects of TIMP-1 on the activations of eosinophils and macrophages were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of serum TIMP-1 were noted in asthmatics than in HCs, in the SA group than in non-SA group, and in the type 2 SA group than in non-type 2 SA group (P < 0.01 for all). A negative correlation between serum TIMP-1 and FEV1% values (r = -0.400, P = 0.003) was noted in the SA group. In vitro study demonstrated that TIMP-1 was released from AECs in response to poly I:C, IL-13, eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs) and in coculture with eosinophils. TIMP-1-stimulated mice showed eosinophilic airway inflammation, which was not completely suppressed by steroid treatment. In vitro and in vivo functional studies showed that TIMP-1 directly activated eosinophils and macrophages, and induced the release of EETs and macrophages to polarize toward M2 subset, which was suppressed by anti-TIMP-1 antibody. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that TIMP-1 enhances eosinophilic airway inflammation and that serum TIMP-1 may be a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target for type 2 SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Bich Tra Cao
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Quang Luu Quoc
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Yang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Moon
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoo Seob Shin
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Min Sook Ryu
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Youngwoo Choi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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13
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Britt RD, Ruwanpathirana A, Ford ML, Lewis BW. Macrophages Orchestrate Airway Inflammation, Remodeling, and Resolution in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10451. [PMID: 37445635 PMCID: PMC10341920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogenous chronic inflammatory lung disease with endotypes that manifest different immune system profiles, severity, and responses to current therapies. Regardless of endotype, asthma features increased immune cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine release, and airway remodeling. Lung macrophages are also heterogenous in that there are separate subsets and, depending on the environment, different effector functions. Lung macrophages are important in recruitment of immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes that enhance allergic inflammation and initiate T helper cell responses. Persistent lung remodeling including mucus hypersecretion, increased airway smooth muscle mass, and airway fibrosis contributes to progressive lung function decline that is insensitive to current asthma treatments. Macrophages secrete inflammatory mediators that induce airway inflammation and remodeling. Additionally, lung macrophages are instrumental in protecting against pathogens and play a critical role in resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. This review summarizes current literature detailing the roles and existing knowledge gaps for macrophages as key inflammatory orchestrators in asthma pathogenesis. We also raise the idea that modulating inflammatory responses in lung macrophages is important for alleviating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney D Britt
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anushka Ruwanpathirana
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Maria L Ford
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Brandon W Lewis
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
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14
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Demkova L, Bugajev V, Utekal P, Kuchar L, Schuster B, Draber P, Halova I. Simultaneous reduction of all ORMDL proteins decreases the threshold of mast cell activation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9615. [PMID: 37316542 PMCID: PMC10267218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammals, the ORMDL family of evolutionarily conserved sphingolipid regulators consists of three highly homologous members, ORMDL1, ORMDL2 and ORMDL3. ORMDL3 gene has been associated with childhood-onset asthma and other inflammatory diseases in which mast cells play an important role. We previously described increased IgE-mediated activation of mast cells with simultaneous deletions of ORMDL2 and ORMDL3 proteins. In this study, we prepared mice with Ormdl1 knockout and thereafter, produced primary mast cells with reduced expression of one, two or all three ORMDL proteins. The lone deletion of ORMDL1, or in combination with ORMDL2, had no effect on sphingolipid metabolism nor IgE-antigen dependent responses in mast cells. Double ORMDL1 and ORMDL3 knockout mast cells displayed enhanced IgE-mediated calcium responses and cytokine production. Silencing of ORMDL3 in mast cells after maturation increased their sensitivity to antigen. Mast cells with reduced levels of all three ORMDL proteins demonstrated pro-inflammatory responses even in the absence of antigen activation. Overall, our results show that reduced levels of ORMDL proteins shift mast cells towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype, which is predominantly dependent on the levels of ORMDL3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Demkova
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Bugajev
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Pavol Utekal
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Kuchar
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Björn Schuster
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- CZ-OPENSCREEN, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Draber
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Halova
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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15
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Jiaqi W, Yanjun C. Research progress on the allergic mechanism, molecular properties, and immune cross-reactivity of the egg allergen Gal d 5. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1205671. [PMID: 37351194 PMCID: PMC10282150 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1205671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Eggs and their products are commonly consumed in food products worldwide, and in addition to dietary consumption, egg components are widely used in the food industry for their antimicrobial, cooking, and other functional properties. Globally, eggs are the second most common allergenic food after milk. However, current research on egg allergy primarily focuses on egg white allergens, while research on egg yolk allergens is not comprehensive enough. Therefore, summarizing and analyzing the important allergen α-livetin in egg yolk is significant in elucidating the mechanism of egg allergy and exploring effective desensitization methods. This paper discusses the incidence, underlying mechanism, and clinical symptoms of egg allergy. This article provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of the current research status concerning the molecular structural properties, epitopes, and immune cross-reactivity of the egg yolk allergen, Gal d 5. Additionally, it examines the effects of various processing methods on egg allergens. The article also offers suggestions and outlines potential future research directions and ideas in this field.
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16
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Costanzo G, Costanzo GAML, Del Moro L, Nappi E, Pelaia C, Puggioni F, Canonica GW, Heffler E, Paoletti G. Mast Cells in Upper and Lower Airway Diseases: Sentinels in the Front Line. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119771. [PMID: 37298721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are fascinating cells of the innate immune system involved not only in allergic reaction but also in tissue homeostasis, response to infection, wound healing, protection against kidney injury, the effects of pollution and, in some circumstances, cancer. Indeed, exploring their role in respiratory allergic diseases would give us, perhaps, novel therapy targets. Based on this, there is currently a great demand for therapeutic regimens to enfeeble the damaging impact of MCs in these pathological conditions. Several strategies can accomplish this at different levels in response to MC activation, including targeting individual mediators released by MCs, blockade of receptors for MC-released compounds, inhibition of MC activation, limiting mast cell growth, or inducing mast cell apoptosis. The current work focuses on and summarizes the mast cells' role in pathogenesis and as a personalized treatment target in allergic rhinitis and asthma; even these supposed treatments are still at the preclinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Costanzo
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Del Moro
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nappi
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Corrado Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University 'Magna Græcia' of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Puggioni
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Walter Canonica
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Enrico Heffler
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Giovanni Paoletti
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
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17
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Gugliandolo E, Macrì F, Fusco R, Siracusa R, Cordaro M, D'amico R, Peritore AF, Impellizzeri D, Genovese T, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R, Crupi R. Inhibiting IL-6 in medicine: a new twist to sustain inhibition of his cytokine tin the therapy of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106750. [PMID: 37004831 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by an increase in blood pressure in the lungs' arteries. It can occur in a variety of species, including humans, dogs, cats, and horses. To date, PAH has a high mortality rate in both veterinary and human medicine, often due to complications such as heart failure. The complex pathological mechanisms of PAH involve multiple cellular signalling pathways at various levels. IL-6 is a powerful pleiotropic cytokine that regulates several phases of immune response, inflammation, and tissue remodelling. The hypothesis of this study was that the use of an IL-6 antagonist in PAH could interrupt or mitigate the cascade of events that leads to the progression of the disease and the worsening of clinical outcome, as well as tissue remodelling. In this study, we used two pharmacological protocols with an IL-6 receptor antagonist in a monocrotaline-induced PAH model in rats. Our results showed that the use of an IL-6 receptor antagonist had a significant protective effect, ameliorating both haemodynamic parameters, lung and cardiac function, tissue remodelling, and the inflammation associated with PAH. The results of this study suggest that the inhibition IL-6 could be a useful pharmacological strategy in PAH, in both human and veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Gugliandolo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Macrì
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ramona D'amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Tiziana Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy
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18
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Berlin F, Mogren S, Ly C, Ramu S, Hvidtfeldt M, Uller L, Porsbjerg C, Andersson CK. Mast Cell Tryptase Promotes Airway Remodeling by Inducing Anti-Apoptotic and Cell Growth Properties in Human Alveolar and Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Cells 2023; 12:1439. [PMID: 37408273 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchial and alveolar remodeling and impaired epithelial function are characteristics of chronic respiratory diseases. In these patients, an increased number of mast cells (MCs) positive for serine proteases, tryptase and chymase, infiltrate the epithelium and alveolar parenchyma. However, little is known regarding the implication of intraepithelial MCs on the local environment, such as epithelial cell function and properties. In this study, we investigated whether MC tryptase is involved in bronchial and alveolar remodeling and the mechanisms of regulation during inflammation. Using novel holographic live cell imaging, we found that MC tryptase enhanced human bronchial and alveolar epithelial cell growth and shortened the cell division intervals. The elevated cell growth induced by tryptase remained in a pro-inflammatory state. Tryptase also increased the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein BIRC3, as well as growth factor release in epithelial cells. Thus, our data imply that the intraepithelial and alveolar MC release of tryptase may play a critical role in disturbing bronchial epithelial and alveolar homeostasis by altering cell growth-death regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Berlin
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sofia Mogren
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Camilla Ly
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sangeetha Ramu
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Morten Hvidtfeldt
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lena Uller
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilia K Andersson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
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19
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Kotas ME, Patel NN, Cope EK, Gurrola JG, Goldberg AN, Pletcher SD, Seibold MA, Moore CM, Gordon ED. IL-13-associated epithelial remodeling correlates with clinical severity in nasal polyposis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:1277-1285. [PMID: 36736797 PMCID: PMC10243183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial remodeling is a histopathologic feature of chronic inflammatory airway diseases including chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Cell-type shifts and their relationship to CRS endotypes and severity are incompletely described. OBJECTIVE We sought to understand the relationship of epithelial cell remodeling to inflammatory endotypes and disease outcomes in CRS. METHODS Using cell-type transcriptional signatures derived from epithelial single-cell sequencing, we analyzed bulk RNA-sequencing data from sinus epithelial brushings obtained from patients with CRS with and without nasal polyps in comparison to healthy controls. RESULTS The airway epithelium in nasal polyposis displayed increased tuft cell transcripts and decreased ciliated cell transcripts along with an IL-13 activation signature. In contrast, CRS without polyps showed an IL-17 activation signature. IL-13 activation scores were associated with increased tuft cell, goblet cell, and mast cell scores and decreased ciliated cell scores. Furthermore, the IL-13 score was strongly associated with a previously reported activated ("polyp") tuft cell score and a prostaglandin E2 activation signature. The Lund-Mackay score, a computed tomographic metric of sinus opacification, correlated positively with activated tuft cell, mast cell, prostaglandin E2, and IL-13 signatures and negatively with ciliated cell transcriptional signatures. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that cell-type alterations and prostaglandin E2 stimulation are key components of IL-13-induced epithelial remodeling in nasal polyposis, whereas IL-17 signaling is more prominent in CRS without polyps, and that clinical severity correlates with the degree of IL-13-driven epithelial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya E Kotas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Neil N Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Emily K Cope
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Ariz
| | - Jose G Gurrola
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Andrew N Goldberg
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Steven D Pletcher
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, Calif; Surgical Service, ENT Section, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Max A Seibold
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colo
| | - Camille M Moore
- Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo; Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colo.
| | - Erin D Gordon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Calif.
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20
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Lin H, Li H. How does cigarette smoking affect airway remodeling in asthmatics? Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:13. [PMID: 36741543 PMCID: PMC9881586 DOI: 10.18332/tid/156047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a prevalent chronic airway inflammatory disease involving multiple cells, and the prolonged course of the disease can cause airway remodeling, resulting in irreversible or partial irreversible airflow limitation and persistent airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthmatics. Therefore, we must ascertain the factors that affect the occurrence and development of airway remodeling in asthmatics. Smokers are not uncommon in asthmatics. However, there is no systematic description of how smoking promotes airway remodeling in asthmatics. This narrative review summarizes the effects of smoking on airway remodeling in asthmatics, and the progress of the methods for evaluating airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Lin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hequan Li
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
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21
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Thiam F, Yazeedi SA, Feng K, Phogat S, Demirsoy E, Brussow J, Abokor FA, Osei ET. Understanding fibroblast-immune cell interactions via co-culture models and their role in asthma pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1128023. [PMID: 36911735 PMCID: PMC9996007 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1128023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic lung disease involving airway inflammation and fibrosis. Fibroblasts are the main effector cells important for lung tissue production which becomes abnormal in asthmatics and is one of the main contributors to airway fibrosis. Although fibroblasts were traditionally viewed solely as structural cells, they have been discovered to be highly active, and involved in lung inflammatory and fibrotic processes in asthma. In line with this, using 2D and 3D in vitro co-culture models, a complex interaction between lung fibroblasts and various immune cells important for the pathogenesis of asthma have been recently uncovered. Hence, in this review, we provide the first-ever summary of various studies that used 2D and 3D in vitro co-culture models to assess the nature of aberrant immune cell-fibroblast interactions and their contributions to chronic inflammation and fibrotic mechanisms in asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Thiam
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - S Al Yazeedi
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - K Feng
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - S Phogat
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - E Demirsoy
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - J Brussow
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - F A Abokor
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - E T Osei
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.,Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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22
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Krysko O, Korsakova D, Teufelberger A, De Meyer A, Steels J, De Ruyck N, van Ovost J, Van Nevel S, Holtappels G, Coppieters F, Ivanchenko M, Braun H, Vedunova M, Krysko DV, Bachert C. Differential protease content of mast cells and the processing of IL-33 in Alternaria alternata induced allergic airway inflammation in mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1040493. [PMID: 37153601 PMCID: PMC10154570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent in vitro studies strongly implicated mast cell-derived proteases as regulators of IL-33 activity by enzymatic cleavage in its central domain. A better understanding of the role of mast cell proteases on IL-33 activity in vivo is needed. We aimed to compare the expression of mast cell proteases in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, their role in the cleavage of IL-33 cytokine, and their contribution to allergic airway inflammation. Results In vitro, full-length IL-33 protein was efficiently degraded by mast cell supernatants of BALB/c mice in contrast to the mast cell supernatants from C57BL/6 mice. RNAseq analysis indicated major differences in the gene expression profiles of bone marrow-derived mast cells from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. In Alternaria alternata (Alt) - treated C57BL/6 mice the full-length form of IL-33 was mainly present, while in BALB/c mice, the processed shorter form of IL-33 was more prominent. The observed cleavage pattern of IL-33 was associated with a nearly complete lack of mast cells and their proteases in the lungs of C57BL/6 mice. While most inflammatory cells were similarly increased in Alt-treated C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, C57BL/6 mice had significantly more eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and IL-5 protein levels in their lungs than BALB/c mice. Conclusion Our study demonstrates that lung mast cells differ in number and protease content between the two tested mouse strains and could affect the processing of IL-33 and inflammatory outcome of Alt -induced airway inflammation. We suggest that mast cells and their proteases play a regulatory role in IL-33-induced lung inflammation by limiting its proinflammatory effect via the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Krysko
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Olga Krysko,
| | - Darya Korsakova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Andrea Teufelberger
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Amse De Meyer
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jill Steels
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Natalie De Ruyck
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Judith van Ovost
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sharon Van Nevel
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gabriele Holtappels
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frauke Coppieters
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mikhail Ivanchenko
- Institute of Information Technology, Mathematics and Mechanics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Harald Braun
- Unit for Structural Biology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitri V. Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Claus Bachert
- Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
- First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, International Airway Research Center, Guangzhou, China
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23
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The role of PGE2 and EP receptors on lung's immune and structural cells; possibilities for future asthma therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108313. [PMID: 36427569 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common airway chronic disease with treatments aimed mainly to control the symptoms. Adrenergic receptor agonists, corticosteroids and anti-leukotrienes have been used for decades, and the development of more targeted asthma treatments, known as biological therapies, were only recently established. However, due to the complexity of asthma and the limited efficacy as well as the side effects of available treatments, there is an urgent need for a new generation of asthma therapies. The anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory effects of prostaglandin E2 in asthma are promising, yet complicated by undesirable side effects, such as cough and airway irritation. In this review, we summarize the most important literature on the role of all four E prostanoid (EP) receptors on the lung's immune and structural cells to further dissect the relevance of EP2/EP4 receptors as potential targets for future asthma therapy.
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24
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Bai H, Xue Z, Zhang W, Feng C, Zhou Z, Hu S, Zhang Y, Qin Q, Wu Y, Sun X, Zhou Y, Wang N. α-Asarone alleviates allergic asthma by stabilizing mast cells through inhibition of ERK/JAK2-STAT3 pathway. Biofactors 2023; 49:140-152. [PMID: 35861676 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease related to numerous inflammatory cells, among which mast cells play an important role in the early stages of asthma. Therefore, treatment of asthma targeting mast cells is of great research value. α-Asarone is an important anti-inflammatory component of the traditional Chinese medicine Acorus calamus L, which has a variety of medicinal values. To investigate whether α-asarone can alleviate asthma symptoms and its mechanism. In this study, we investigated the effect of α-asarone on mast cell activation in vivo and in vitro. The release of chemokines or cytokines, AHR (airway hyperresponsiveness), and mast cell activation were examined in a mast cell-dependent asthma model. Western blot was performed to determine the underlying pathway. α-Asarone inhibited the degranulation of LAD2 (laboratory allergic disease 2) cells and decreased IL-8, MCP-1, histamine, and TNF-α in vitro. α-Asarone reduced paw swelling and leakage of Evans blue, as well as serum histamine, CCL2, and TNF-α in vivo. In the asthma model, α-asarone showed an inhibitory effect on AHR, inflammation, mast cells activation, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and the release of IL-5 and IL-13 in lung tissue. α-Asarone decreased the levels of phosphorylated JAK2, phosphorylated ERK, and phosphorylated STAT3 induced by C48/80. Our findings suggest that α-asarone alleviates allergic asthma by inhibiting mast cell activation through the ERK/JAK2-STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyun Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuoyin Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chaohua Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenqi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiling Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongjing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiaohong Qin
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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25
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Jorde I, Schreiber J, Stegemann-Koniszewski S. The Role of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Toxins in the Pathogenesis of Allergic Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010654. [PMID: 36614093 PMCID: PMC9820472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide and affects more than 300 million patients. Allergic asthma affects the majority of asthmatic children as well as approximately 50% of adult asthmatics. It is characterized by a Th2-mediated immune response against aeroallergens. Many aspects of the overall pathophysiology are known, while the underlying mechanisms and predisposing factors remain largely elusive today. Over the last decade, respiratory colonization with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a Gram-positive facultative bacterial pathogen, came into focus as a risk factor for the development of atopic respiratory diseases. More than 30% of the world’s population is constantly colonized with S. aureus in their nasopharynx. This colonization is mostly asymptomatic, but in immunocompromised patients, it can lead to serious complications including pneumonia, sepsis, or even death. S. aureus is known for its ability to produce a wide range of proteins including toxins, serine-protease-like proteins, and protein A. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the pathophysiology of allergic asthma and to what extent it can be affected by different toxins produced by S. aureus. Intensifying this knowledge might lead to new preventive strategies for atopic respiratory diseases.
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26
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Huifang L, Jie G, Yi F. Neuro-immune-endocrine mechanisms with poor adherence to aromatase inhibitor therapy in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1054086. [PMID: 36578931 PMCID: PMC9791186 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1054086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most commonly used endocrine therapy regimen for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) at present, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) reduce the risk of localized and distant recurrence, contralateral BC and secondary cancer, and prolong disease-free survival. Clinical data show that poor adherence during AI treatment is mainly attributed to muscle and joint pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances during treatment. The rapid decline of estrogen caused by AIs in a short period of time enhances sympathetic activity, activates T cells in the body, produces inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-17A, and promotes the occurrence of inflammation and bone loss. This article reviewed the mechanism of poor dependence on AIs in BC patients from the neuro-immuno-endocrine (NIE) perspective and provided clues for clinical intervention against poor adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huifang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gao Jie
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Feng Yi,
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27
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Akula S, Riihimäki M, Waern I, Åbrink M, Raine A, Hellman L, Wernersson S. Quantitative Transcriptome Analysis of Purified Equine Mast Cells Identifies a Dominant Mucosal Mast Cell Population with Possible Inflammatory Functions in Airways of Asthmatic Horses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213976. [PMID: 36430453 PMCID: PMC9692376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease and a serious health problem in horses as well as in humans. In humans and mice, mast cells (MCs) are known to be directly involved in asthma pathology and subtypes of MCs accumulate in different lung and airway compartments. The role and phenotype of MCs in equine asthma has not been well documented, although an accumulation of MCs in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is frequently seen. To characterize the phenotype of airway MCs in equine asthma we here developed a protocol, based on MACS Tyto sorting, resulting in the isolation of 92.9% pure MCs from horse BALF. We then used quantitative transcriptome analyses to determine the gene expression profile of the purified MCs compared with total BALF cells. We found that the MCs exhibited a protease profile typical for the classical mucosal MC subtype, as demonstrated by the expression of tryptase (TPSB2) alone, with no expression of chymase (CMA1) or carboxypeptidase A3 (CPA3). Moreover, the expression of genes involved in antigen presentation and complement activation strongly implicates an inflammatory role for these MCs. This study provides a first insight into the phenotype of equine MCs in BALF and their potential role in the airways of asthmatic horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Akula
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7011, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miia Riihimäki
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ida Waern
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7011, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus Åbrink
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amanda Raine
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Hellman
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, The Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Wernersson
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7011, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-(0)1-8672-112
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28
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Jia J, Zeng M, Zhu D, Jiao X, Zhang B, Yang R, Feng W, Zheng X. An Amide Alkaloid Isolated from Ephedra sinica Ameliorates OVA-Induced Allergic Asthma by Inhibiting Mast Cell Activation and Dendritic Cell Maturation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13541. [PMID: 36362328 PMCID: PMC9655655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma, which is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, is usually caused by allergens in which various structures and immune cells are involved. Ephedra sinica, the most commonly used Chinese medicine, has significant clinical effects on asthma, but its components are complex and the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. Among its components, we identified an amide alkaloid (EB-A) and investigated its anti-asthmatic activity and the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we replicated an OVA-sensitized/challenged allergic asthma mouse model, and divided the mice into a model (OVA) group, positive drug (Y, 0.5 mg/kg/day) group, and EB-A treatment with low (Low, 10 mg/kg/day) and high dose (High, 20 mg/kg/day) groups. Asthma-related features were analyzed through the airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), cough and wheeze indexes, allergen-specific IgE, prostaglandin D2 (PDG2), and lung histology in mice. The levels of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the primary lung cells, cytokines in the serum and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) pathway activation in the lung tissue were measured to evaluate the inflammatory injury and lung epithelial barrier damage in the mice. Dendritic cell (DC) maturation and mast cell (MC) activation were verified in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the effect of a PAR2 activation in lung epithelial cells on the maturation of DCs was evaluated by the co-culture system of (human bronchial epithelial cell lines) 16HBE and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The results showed that EB-A inhibited the typical asthmatic phenotypes, as well as lung injury and inflammation, MC activation and degranulation, and DC maturation in the OVA-sensitized/challenged BALB/c mice. In addition, EB-A inhibited the expression of PAR2 in the lung epithelial cells and significantly interfered with the maturation of DCs after inhibiting PAR2. Taken together, our study firstly demonstrated that EB-A could ameliorate OVA-induced allergic asthma by inhibiting MC activation and DC maturation, and the molecular mechanism of EB-A's anti-asthmatic activity might be mediated by inhibiting PAR2. Our data provide a molecular justification for the use of EB-A in the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufang Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mengnan Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Denghui Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xinmian Jiao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruolan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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29
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IL-33 Induces an Antiviral Signature in Mast Cells but Enhances Their Permissiveness for Human Rhinovirus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112430. [PMID: 36366528 PMCID: PMC9699625 DOI: 10.3390/v14112430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are classically associated with allergic asthma but their role in antiviral immunity is unclear. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are a major cause of asthma exacerbations and can infect and replicate within MCs. The primary site of HRV infection is the airway epithelium and MCs localise to this site with increasing asthma severity. The asthma susceptibility gene, IL-33, encodes an epithelial-derived cytokine released following HRV infection but its impact on MC antiviral responses has yet to be determined. In this study we investigated the global response of LAD2 MCs to IL-33 stimulation using RNA sequencing and identified genes involved in antiviral immunity. In spite of this, IL-33 treatment increased permissiveness of MCs to HRV16 infection which, from the RNA-Seq data, we attributed to upregulation of ICAM1. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed an IL-33-dependent increase in ICAM1 surface expression as well as LDLR, the receptors used by major and minor group HRVs for cellular entry. Neutralisation of ICAM1 reduced the IL-33-dependent enhancement in HRV16 replication and release in both LAD2 MCs and cord blood derived MCs. These findings demonstrate that although IL-33 induces an antiviral signature in MCs, it also upregulates the receptors for HRV entry to enhance infection. This highlights the potential for a gene-environment interaction involving IL33 and HRV in MCs to contribute to virus-induced asthma exacerbations.
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30
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Tanner L, Bergwik J, Bhongir RKV, Pan L, Dong C, Wallner O, Kalderén C, Helleday T, Boldogh I, Adner M, Egesten A. Pharmacological OGG1 inhibition decreases murine allergic airway inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999180. [PMID: 36324676 PMCID: PMC9619105 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Allergic asthma is a complex inflammatory disease involving type 2 innate lymphoid cells, type 2 T helper cells, macrophages, and eosinophils. The disease is characterized by wheezing, dyspnea, coughing, chest tightness and variable airflow limitation for which there is no cure and is symptomatically treated with inhaled corticosteroids and β2-agonists. Molecular mechanisms underlying its complex pathogenesis are not fully understood. However, 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1), a DNA repair protein may play a central role, as OGG1 deficiency decreases both innate and allergic inflammation. Methods: Using a murine ovalbumin (OVA) model of allergic airway inflammation we assessed the utility of an inhibitor of OGG1 (TH5487) in this disease context. Cytokines and chemokines, promoting immune cell recruitment were measured using a 23-multiplex assay and Western blotting. Additionally, immune cell recruitment to bronchi was measured using flow cytometry. Histological analyses and immunofluorescent staining were used to confirm immune cell influx and goblet cell hyperplasia of the airways. A PCR array was used to assess asthma-related genes in murine lung tissue following TH5487 treatment. Finally, airway hyperresponsiveness was determined using in vivo lung function measurement. Results: In this study, administration of TH5487 to mice with OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation significantly decreased goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus production. TH5487 treatment also decreased levels of activated NF-κB and expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines resulting in significantly lower recruitment of eosinophils and other immune cells to the lungs. Gene expression profiling of asthma and allergy-related proteins after TH5487 treatment revealed differences in several important regulators, including down regulation of Tnfrsf4, Arg1, Ccl12 and Ccl11, and upregulation of the negative regulator of type 2 inflammation, Bcl6. Furthermore, the gene Clca1 was upregulated following TH5487 treatment, which should be explored further due to its ambiguous role in allergic asthma. In addition, the OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness was significantly reduced by TH5487 treatment. Conclusion: Taken together, the data presented in this study suggest OGG1 as a clinically relevant pharmacological target for the treatment of allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Tanner
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology, and Palliative Medicine, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Lloyd Tanner,
| | - Jesper Bergwik
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology, and Palliative Medicine, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ravi K. V. Bhongir
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology, and Palliative Medicine, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lang Pan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, United States
| | - Caijuan Dong
- Unit of Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olov Wallner
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Kalderén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Oxcia AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Helleday
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Oxcia AB, Stockholm, Sweden
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, United States
| | - Mikael Adner
- Unit of Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arne Egesten
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology, and Palliative Medicine, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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31
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Mogren S, Berlin F, Eskilsson L, Van Der Burg N, Tufvesson E, Andersson CK. Mast Cell Proteases Promote Diverse Effects on the Plasminogen Activation System and Wound Healing in A549 Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182916. [PMID: 36139491 PMCID: PMC9496743 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage, epithelial alterations, and intraepithelial presence of mast cells (MCs) are characteristics of asthma pathogenesis. Increased alveolar infiltration of MC populations has also been identified as a feature of asthma and other chronic respiratory diseases. The asthma associated receptor, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), has been shown to regulate bronchial epithelial repair responses. However, the impact of MC tryptase and chymase on functional properties and expression of uPAR in alveolar epithelial cells have not been fully investigated. Alveolar epithelial cell migration and wound healing were investigated using holographic live cell imaging of A549 cells in a wound scratch model post stimulation with tryptase or chymase. The expression of uPAR was investigated on the protein and gene level from cellular supernatants and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid fractions from allergic asthmatics. We found that tryptase improved wound healing capacity, cellular migration and membrane bound uPAR expression. Chymase reduced gap closure capacity, cellular migration and membrane bound uPAR expression but increased soluble uPAR release. Our data suggest a dual regulatory response from the MC proteases in events related to uPAR expression and wound healing which could be important features in asthmatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Mogren
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC, Lund University, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Frida Berlin
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC, Lund University, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lykke Eskilsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC, Lund University, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Ellen Tufvesson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, BMC, Lund University, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia K. Andersson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC, Lund University, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-462227746
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Imoto S, Suzukawa M, Takada K, Watanabe S, Igarashi S, Kitani M, Nagase T, Ohta K. Immunoglobulin A promotes IL-6 and IL-8 production, proliferation, and migration by the human bronchial smooth muscle cells. Cell Immunol 2022; 381:104612. [PMID: 36130412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is important in biological defense, mainly in the mucosal area, and plays pathogenic roles in various diseases by activating both inflammatory and structural cells. The current study aimed to validate the effects of IgA on the human bronchial smooth muscle cell (BSMC), which plays a major role in airway inflammation and remodeling. Serum IgA induced interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production at both mRNA and protein levels, and enhanced cell proliferation and migration by the BSMCs. The synthetic phenotype markers were regulated and the contractile phenotype markers were downregulated by serum IgA. Mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt, and nuclear factor-κB pathways were involved in IgA-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production. The BSMCs expressed transferrin receptor (TfR), and TfR siRNA transfection inhibited IL-6 and IL-8 production by serum IgA. In summary, serum IgA is a potent activator of the BSMCs at least partially via TfR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahoko Imoto
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Maho Suzukawa
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan.
| | - Kazufumi Takada
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shizuka Watanabe
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sayaka Igarashi
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan
| | - Masashi Kitani
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan
| | - Takahide Nagase
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, JATA Fukujuji Hospital, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8522, Japan.
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Hesse L, Oude Elberink J, van Oosterhout AJ, Nawijn MC. Allergen immunotherapy for allergic airway diseases: Use lessons from the past to design a brighter future. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Monaco A, Choi D, Uzun S, Maitland A, Riley B. Association of mast-cell-related conditions with hypermobile syndromes: a review of the literature. Immunol Res 2022; 70:419-431. [PMID: 35449490 PMCID: PMC9022617 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of related connective tissue disorders consisting of 13 subtypes, each with its own unique phenotypic and genetic variation. The overlap of symptoms and multitude of EDS variations makes it difficult for patients to achieve a diagnosis early in the course of their disease. The most common form, hypermobile type EDS (hEDS) and its variant, hypermobile spectrum disorder (HSD), are correlated with rheumatologic and inflammatory conditions. Evidence is still needed to determine the pathophysiology of hEDS; however, the association among these conditions and their prevalence in hEDS/HSD may be explained through consideration of persistent chronic inflammation contributing to a disruption of the connective tissue. Aberrant mast cell activation has been shown to play a role in disruption of connective tissue integrity through activity of its mediators including histamine and tryptase which affects multiple organ systems resulting in mast cell activation disorders (MCAD). The overlap of findings associated with MCAD and the immune-mediated and rheumatologic conditions in patients with hEDS/HSD may provide an explanation for the relationship among these conditions and the presence of chronic inflammatory processes in these patients. It is clear that a multidisciplinary approach is required for the treatment of patients with EDS. However, it is also important for clinicians to consider the summarized symptoms and MCAD-associated characteristics in patients with multiple complaints as possible manifestations of connective tissue disorders, in order to potentially aid in establishing an early diagnosis of EDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Monaco
- Department of Family Medicine, NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Boulevard, Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA.
| | - Diane Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Boulevard, Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Serife Uzun
- Department of Family Medicine, NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Boulevard, Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
| | - Anne Maitland
- Division of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Bernadette Riley
- Department of Family Medicine, NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Boulevard, Old Westbury, NY, 11568, USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular antibodies (mAb) targeting inflammatory mediators are effective in T2-high asthma. The recent approval of Tezepelumab presents a novel mAb therapeutic option to those with T2-low asthma. AREAS COVERED We discuss a number of clinical problems pertinent to severe asthma which are less responsive to current therapies, such as persistent airflow obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness. We discuss selected investigational approaches, including a number of candidate therapies under investigation in two adaptive platform trials currently in progress, with particular reference to this unmet need, as well as their potential in phenotypes such as neutrophilic asthma and obese asthma, which may or may not overlap with a T2-high phenotype. EXPERT OPINION The application of discrete targeting approaches to T2-low molecular phenotypes, including those phenotypes in which inflammation may not arise within the airway, has yielded variable results to date. Endotypes associated with T2-low asthma are likely to be diverse but await validation. Investigational therapeutic approaches must, likewise, be diverse if the goal of remission is to become attainable for all those living with asthma.
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Suwa R, Kume Y, Kawase M, Chishiki M, Ono T, Norito S, Sato K, Okamoto M, Kumaki S, Nagai Y, Hosoya M, Takeda M, Nishimura H, Hashimoto K, Shirato K. Practical Validation of United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Assays for the Detection of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Pediatric Inpatients in Japan. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11070754. [PMID: 35889999 PMCID: PMC9319774 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11070754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization initiated a global surveillance system for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in 2015, and the pilot surveillance is ongoing. The real-time RT-PCR RSV assays (Pan-RSV and duplex assays) developed by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are applied as the standard assays. To introduce these as standard assays in Japan, their practicality was evaluated using 2261 specimens obtained from pediatric inpatients in Japan, which were collected from 2018 to 2021. Although the Pan-RSV and duplex assays had similar analytical sensitivities, they yielded 630 (27.9%) and 786 (34.8%) RSV-positive specimens, respectively (p < 0.001). Although sequencing analysis showed mismatches in the reverse primer used in the Pan-RSV assay, these mismatches did not affect its analytical sensitivity. The analysis of read numbers of RSV isolates from air−liquid interface culture of human bronchial/tracheal epithelial cells showed that the duplex assay had a greater number of reads than did the Pan-RSV assay. Therefore, the duplex assay has superior detection performance compared with the Pan-RSV assay, but the two assays have similar analytical sensitivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Suwa
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan; (R.S.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Yohei Kume
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-Oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.C.); (T.O.); (S.N.); (M.H.); (K.H.)
| | - Miyuki Kawase
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan; (R.S.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Mina Chishiki
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-Oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.C.); (T.O.); (S.N.); (M.H.); (K.H.)
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-Oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.C.); (T.O.); (S.N.); (M.H.); (K.H.)
| | - Sakurako Norito
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-Oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.C.); (T.O.); (S.N.); (M.H.); (K.H.)
| | - Ko Sato
- Virus Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Sendai Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 2-11-12 Miyagino, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8520, Miyagi, Japan; (K.S.); (M.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Michiko Okamoto
- Virus Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Sendai Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 2-11-12 Miyagino, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8520, Miyagi, Japan; (K.S.); (M.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Satoru Kumaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Sendai Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 2-11-12 Miyagino, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan;
| | - Yukio Nagai
- Nagai Pediatric Clinic, 1-25-10 Miyagino, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-0045, Miyagi, Japan;
| | - Mitsuaki Hosoya
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-Oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.C.); (T.O.); (S.N.); (M.H.); (K.H.)
| | - Makoto Takeda
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan; (R.S.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Hidekazu Nishimura
- Virus Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Sendai Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 2-11-12 Miyagino, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8520, Miyagi, Japan; (K.S.); (M.O.); (H.N.)
| | - Koichi Hashimoto
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-Oka, Fukushima 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.C.); (T.O.); (S.N.); (M.H.); (K.H.)
| | - Kazuya Shirato
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan; (R.S.); (M.K.); (M.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-42-561-0771; Fax: +81-42-567-5631
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Farmanzadeh A, Qujeq D, Yousefi T. The Interaction Network of MicroRNAs with Cytokines and Signaling Pathways in Allergic Asthma. Microrna 2022; 11:104-117. [PMID: 35507792 DOI: 10.2174/2211536611666220428134324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a complicated disease that is affected by many factors. Numerous cytokines and signaling pathways are attributed to the cause of asthma symptoms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding single-stranded RNA molecules that are involved in gene silencing and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by targeting mRNAs. In pathological conditions, altered expression of microRNAs differentially regulates cytokines and signaling pathways and therefore, can be the underlying reason for the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Indeed, microRNAs participate in airway inflammation via inducing airway structural cells and activating immune responses by targeting cytokines and signaling pathways. Thus, to make a complete understanding of allergic asthma, it is necessary to investigate the communication network of microRNAs with cytokines and signaling pathways which is contributed to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Here, we shed light on this aspect of asthma pathology by Summarizing our current knowledge of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Farmanzadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Mayers M, Tu R, Steinecke D, Li TS, Queralt-Rosinach N, Su AI. Design and application of a knowledge network for automatic prioritization of drug mechanisms. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:2880-2891. [PMID: 35561182 PMCID: PMC9113361 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Drug repositioning is an attractive alternative to de novo drug discovery due to reduced time and costs to bring drugs to market. Computational repositioning methods, particularly non-black-box methods that can account for and predict a drug's mechanism, may provide great benefit for directing future development. By tuning both data and algorithm to utilize relationships important to drug mechanisms, a computational repositioning algorithm can be trained to both predict and explain mechanistically novel indications. RESULTS In this work, we examined the 123 curated drug mechanism paths found in the drug mechanism database (DrugMechDB) and after identifying the most important relationships, we integrated 18 data sources to produce a heterogeneous knowledge graph, MechRepoNet, capable of capturing the information in these paths. We applied the Rephetio repurposing algorithm to MechRepoNet using only a subset of relationships known to be mechanistic in nature and found adequate predictive ability on an evaluation set with AUROC value of 0.83. The resulting repurposing model allowed us to prioritize paths in our knowledge graph to produce a predicted treatment mechanism. We found that DrugMechDB paths, when present in the network were rated highly among predicted mechanisms. We then demonstrated MechRepoNet's ability to use mechanistic insight to identify a drug's mechanistic target, with a mean reciprocal rank of 0.525 on a test set of known drug-target interactions. Finally, we walked through repurposing examples of the anti-cancer drug imatinib for use in the treatment of asthma, and metolazone for use in the treatment of osteoporosis, to demonstrate this method's utility in providing mechanistic insight into repurposing predictions it provides. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The Python code to reproduce the entirety of this analysis is available at: https://github.com/SuLab/MechRepoNet (archived at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6456335). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dylan Steinecke
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tong Shu Li
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Núria Queralt-Rosinach
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Pelaia C, Pelaia G, Crimi C, Maglio A, Stanziola AA, Calabrese C, Terracciano R, Longhini F, Vatrella A. Novel Biological Therapies for Severe Asthma Endotypes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1064. [PMID: 35625801 PMCID: PMC9138687 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe asthma comprises several heterogeneous phenotypes, underpinned by complex pathomechanisms known as endotypes. The latter are driven by intercellular networks mediated by molecular components which can be targeted by specific monoclonal antibodies. With regard to the biological treatments of either allergic or non-allergic eosinophilic type 2 asthma, currently available antibodies are directed against immunoglobulins E (IgE), interleukin-5 (IL-5) and its receptor, the receptors of interleukins-4 (IL-4) and 13 (IL-13), as well as thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and other alarmins. Among these therapeutic strategies, the best choice should be made according to the phenotypic/endotypic features of each patient with severe asthma, who can thus respond with significant clinical and functional improvements. Conversely, very poor options so far characterize the experimental pipelines referring to the perspective biological management of non-type 2 severe asthma, which thereby needs to be the focus of future thorough research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Giulia Pelaia
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Claudia Crimi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Angelantonio Maglio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (A.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Anna Agnese Stanziola
- First Division of Pneumology, High Speciality Hospital “V. Monaldi” and University “Federico II” of Naples, Medical School, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Calabrese
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Rosa Terracciano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Federico Longhini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Vatrella
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (A.M.); (A.V.)
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Resolution of inflammation: Intervention strategies and future applications. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116089. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Steiner P, Arlt E, Boekhoff I, Gudermann T, Zierler S. Two-Pore Channels Regulate Inter-Organellar Ca 2+ Homeostasis in Immune Cells. Cells 2022; 11:1465. [PMID: 35563771 PMCID: PMC9103377 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-pore channels (TPCs) are ligand-gated cation-selective ion channels that are preserved in plant and animal cells. In the latter, TPCs are located in membranes of acidic organelles, such as endosomes, lysosomes, and endolysosomes. Here, we focus on the function of these unique ion channels in mast cells, which are leukocytes that mature from myeloid hematopoietic stem cells. The cytoplasm of these innate immune cells contains a large number of granules that comprise messenger substances, such as histamine and heparin. Mast cells, along with basophil granulocytes, play an essential role in anaphylaxis and allergic reactions by releasing inflammatory mediators. Signaling in mast cells is mainly regulated via the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum as well as from acidic compartments, such as endolysosomes. For the crosstalk of these organelles TPCs seem essential. Allergic reactions and anaphylaxis were previously shown to be associated with the endolysosomal two-pore channel TPC1. The release of histamine, controlled by intracellular Ca2+ signals, was increased upon genetic or pharmacologic TPC1 inhibition. Conversely, stimulation of TPC channel activity by one of its endogenous ligands, namely nicotinic adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) or phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2), were found to trigger the release of Ca2+ from the endolysosomes; thereby improving the effect of TPC1 on regulated mast cell degranulation. In this review we discuss the importance of TPC1 for regulating Ca2+ homeostasis in mast cells and the overall potential of TPC1 as a pharmacological target in anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Steiner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria;
| | - Elisabeth Arlt
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.A.); (I.B.); (T.G.)
| | - Ingrid Boekhoff
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.A.); (I.B.); (T.G.)
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.A.); (I.B.); (T.G.)
| | - Susanna Zierler
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria;
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.A.); (I.B.); (T.G.)
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Mohammed Z, McHale C, Kubinak JL, Dryer S, Gomez G. miR-155 Is a Positive Regulator of FcεRI-Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression and Cytokine Production in Mast Cells. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:835776. [PMID: 36211602 PMCID: PMC9543708 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.835776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) has been implicated in IgE-dependent allergic disease including asthma and atopic dermatitis. A few roles for miR-155 have been described in mast cells and some specifically related to IgE receptor signaling, but it is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate by miRNA seq profiling and quantitative RT-PCR that miR-155 expression is significantly increased in human skin-derived mast cells (SMCs) and mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) following FcεRI crosslinking with antigen. We demonstrate that FcεRI-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was significantly inhibited in miR-155 knockout (KO) BMMCs whereas arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase (ALOX-5) expression and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) biosynthesis, and degranulation were unaffected. FcεRI-induced cytokine production (TNF, IL-6, and IL-13) from miR-155 KO BMMCs was also significantly diminished. Correspondingly, Akt phosphorylation, but not protein expression, was inhibited in the absence of miR-155 whereas p38 and p42/44 were unaffected. Interesting, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production was increased in miR-155 KO BMMCs. Together, these data demonstrate that miR-155 specifically targets the FcεRI-induced prostaglandin and cytokine pathways, but not the leukotriene or degranulation pathways, in mast cells. The data further suggest that miR-155 acts indirectly by targeting a repressor of COX-2 expression and a phosphatase that normally blocks Akt phosphorylation. Overall, this study reveals the role of miR-155 as a positive regulator of mast cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahraa Mohammed
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Cody McHale
- Molecular Targeted Therapeutics Laboratory, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, United States
| | - Jason L. Kubinak
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Stuart Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Gregorio Gomez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Gregorio Gomez
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Busse WW, Melén E, Menzies-Gow AN. Holy Grail: the journey towards disease modification in asthma. Eur Respir Rev 2022; 31:31/163/210183. [PMID: 35197266 PMCID: PMC9488532 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0183-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, there is no cure for asthma, and treatment typically involves therapies that prevent or reduce asthma symptoms, without modifying the underlying disease. A “disease-modifying” treatment can be classed as able to address the pathogenesis of a disease, preventing progression or leading to a long-term reduction in symptoms. Such therapies have been investigated and approved in other indications, e.g. rheumatoid arthritis and immunoglobulin E-mediated allergic disease. Asthma's heterogeneous nature has made the discovery of similar therapies in asthma more difficult, although novel therapies (e.g. biologics) may have the potential to exhibit disease-modifying properties. To investigate the disease-modifying potential of a treatment, study design considerations can be made, including: appropriate end-point selection, length of trial, age of study population (key differences between adults/children in physiology, pathology and drug metabolism) and comorbidities in the patient population. Potential future focus areas for disease-modifying treatments in asthma include early assessments (e.g. to detect patterns of remodelling) and interventions for patients genetically susceptible to asthma, interventions to prevent virally induced asthma and therapies to promote a healthy microbiome. This review explores the pathophysiology of asthma, the disease-modifying potential of current asthma therapies and the direction future research may take to achieve full disease remission or prevention. Asthma is a complex, heterogeneous disease, which currently has no cure; this review explores the disease-modifying potential of asthma therapies and the direction future research may take to achieve disease remission or prevention.https://bit.ly/31AxYou
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Busse
- Dept of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Erik Melén
- Dept of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet and Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rönnberg E, Boey DZH, Ravindran A, Säfholm J, Orre AC, Al-Ameri M, Adner M, Dahlén SE, Dahlin JS, Nilsson G. Immunoprofiling Reveals Novel Mast Cell Receptors and the Continuous Nature of Human Lung Mast Cell Heterogeneity. Front Immunol 2022; 12:804812. [PMID: 35058936 PMCID: PMC8764255 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.804812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunohistochemical analysis of granule-associated proteases has revealed that human lung mast cells constitute a heterogeneous population of cells, with distinct subpopulations identified. However, a systematic and comprehensive analysis of cell-surface markers to study human lung mast cell heterogeneity has yet to be performed. Methods Human lung mast cells were obtained from lung lobectomies, and the expression of 332 cell-surface markers was analyzed using flow cytometry and the LEGENDScreen™ kit. Markers that exhibited high variance were selected for additional analyses to reveal whether they were correlated and whether discrete mast cell subpopulations were discernable. Results We identified the expression of 102 surface markers on human lung mast cells, 23 previously not described on mast cells, of which several showed high continuous variation in their expression. Six of these markers were correlated: SUSD2, CD49a, CD326, CD34, CD66 and HLA-DR. The expression of these markers was also correlated with the size and granularity of mast cells. However, no marker produced an expression profile consistent with a bi- or multimodal distribution. Conclusions LEGENDScreen analysis identified more than 100 cell-surface markers on mast cells, including 23 that, to the best of our knowledge, have not been previously described on human mast cells. The comprehensive expression profiling of the 332 surface markers did not identify distinct mast cell subpopulations. Instead, we demonstrate the continuous nature of human lung mast cell heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Rönnberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daryl Zhong Hao Boey
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Avinash Ravindran
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Säfholm
- Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit for Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research, The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Orre
- Thoracic Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mamdoh Al-Ameri
- Thoracic Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Adner
- Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit for Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research, The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven-Erik Dahlén
- Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit for Experimental Asthma and Allergy Research, The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joakim S Dahlin
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Nilsson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Allergy Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Ginger-derived compounds exert in vivo and in vitro anti-asthmatic effects by inhibiting the T-helper 2 cell-mediated allergic response. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:49. [PMID: 34934427 PMCID: PMC8652391 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
6-Shogaol (SHO) and 6-gingerol (GIN), naturally derived compounds of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), have been found to have anti-allergic effects on dermatitis-like skin lesions and rhinitis. Although SHO and GIN have demonstrated a potential in various inflammatory diseases, their efficacy and mechanism in asthma have not been largely examined. Therefore, the present study demonstrated the anti-asthmatic effects of SHO and GIN on the T-helper (Th) 2 cell-mediated allergic response pathway in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma mouse model. The asthma mouse model was established with an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 50 µg OVA and 1 mg aluminum hydroxide with or without an i.p. injection of SHO and GIN (10 mg/kg) before treatment with OVA. In addition, the current study assessed mast cell degranulation in antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells under different treatment conditions (SHO or GIN at 0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 nM) and determined the mRNA and protein levels of anti-oxidative enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD)1, SOD2, glutathione peroxidase-1/2, catalase] in lung tissues. SHO and GIN inhibited eosinophilia in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and H&E-stained lung tissues. Both factors also decreased mucus production in periodic acid-Schiff-stained lung tissues and the levels of Th2 cytokines in these tissues. GIN attenuated oxidative stress by upregulating the expression levels of anti-oxidative proteins. In an in vitro experiment, the degranulation of RBL-2H3 rat mast cells was significantly decreased. It was found that SHO and GIN effectively suppressed the allergic response in the mouse model by inhibiting eosinophilia and Th2 cytokine production. Collectively, it was suggested that SHO can inhibit lung inflammation by attenuating the Th2 cell-mediated allergic response signals, and that GIN can inhibit lung inflammation and epithelial cell remodeling by repressing oxidative stress. Therefore, SHO and GIN could be used therapeutically for allergic and eosinophilic asthma.
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Which Therapy for Non-Type(T)2/T2-Low Asthma. J Pers Med 2021; 12:jpm12010010. [PMID: 35055325 PMCID: PMC8779705 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the asthmatic population is divided into Type 2-high and non-Type 2/Type 2-low asthmatics, with 50% of patients belonging to one of the two groups. Differently from T2-high, T2-low asthma has not been clearly defined yet, and the T2-low patients are identified on the basis of the absence or non-predominant expression of T2-high biomarkers. The information about the molecular mechanisms underpinning T2-low asthma is scarce, but researchers have recognized as T2-low endotypes type 1 and type 3 immune response, and remodeling events occurring without inflammatory processes. In addition, the lack of agreed biomarkers reprents a challenge for the research of an effective therapy. The first-choice medication is represented by inhaled corticosteroids despite a low efficacy is reported for/in T2-low patients. However, macrolides and long-acting anti-muscarinic drugs have been recognized as efficacious. In recent years, clinical trials targeting biomarkers playing key roles in T3 and T1 immune pathways, alarmins, and molecules involved in neutrophil recruitment have provided conflicting results probably misleading (or biased) in patients' selection. However, further studies are warranted to achieve a precise characterization of T2-low asthma with the aim of defining a tailored therapy for each single asthmatic patient.
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Menezes PMN, Araújo TCDL, Pereira ECV, Neto JA, Silva DS, Brito MC, Lima KSB, Monte APOD, Matos MHTD, Lima RSD, Ribeiro LADA, Silva FS, Rolim LA. Investigation of antinociceptive, antipyretic, antiasthmatic, and spasmolytic activities of Brazilian Cannabis sativa L. roots in rodents. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114259. [PMID: 34058314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Many studies are performed with the aerial parts of Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae). However, roots remain poorly studied, despite citations in the scientific literature. The C. sativa roots are indicated for the treatment of pain, inflammation, fever, among other health problems. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive, antipyretic, antiasthmatic, and spasmolytic activities of C. sativa roots in experimental models using mice and rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS The chemical composition of the aqueous extract of C. sativa roots (AECsR) was evaluated by LC-MS. The antinociceptive activity was assessed in mice by the induction of writhing with acetic acid, paw licking with formalin, and reactivity in the hot plate test. Fever was induced by the administration of a suspension of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in young rats. The asthmatic activity was performed with ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized mice with cellular and histological analysis. Finally, the spasmolytic activity was performed using mice isolated trachea. For in vivo studies, the doses were 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg whereas for in vitro, the concentration of AECsR was 729 μg/mL. RESULTS From the LC-MS data, we identified p-coumaroyltyramine, feruloyltyramine canabissativine in AECsR. The extract promoted a reduction of writhing in all tested doses (12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg). Similarly, it reduced the pain in the formalin test at doses of 12.5 and 50 mg/kg (first phase) and 12.5 and 25 mg/kg (second phase). In the hot plate test, the doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg promoted antinociceptive effect at different times, and the lowest dose maintained its action in the analyzes performed at 60, 90, and 120 min after administration. The anti-inflammatory activity of AECsR was observed in the mouse model of asthma, reducing the total leukocyte count in the bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) at a dose of 25 mg/kg, as well as reducing eosinophilia in all tested doses (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg). Histological analysis of lungs stained with H&E and PAS showed a reduction in the number of inflammatory cells in the perivascular and peribronchial region, as well as reduced mucus production. CONCLUSION The results suggest that AECsR promotes pain control, either by a central or inflammatory mechanism, and has antiasthmatic activity. However, there was no antipyretic or spasmolytic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Janaine Almeida Neto
- Pós-graduação em Biociências - PGB, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brazil.
| | - David Souza Silva
- Pós-graduação em Biociências - PGB, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Coelho Brito
- Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - PPGB, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Feira de Santana-BA, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Luciano Augusto de Araújo Ribeiro
- Pós-graduação em Biociências - PGB, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brazil.
| | - Fabrício Souza Silva
- Pós-graduação em Biociências - PGB, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - PPGB, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS, Feira de Santana-BA, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Araújo Rolim
- Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - RENORBIO, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco- UFRPE, Recife/PE, Brazil; Pós-graduação em Biociências - PGB, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco - UNIVASF, Petrolina/PE, Brazil.
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Effects of substrate stiffness on mast cell migration. Eur J Cell Biol 2021; 100:151178. [PMID: 34555639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2021.151178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) play important roles in multiple pathologies, including fibrosis; however, their behaviors in different extracellular matrix (ECM) environments have not been fully elucidated. Accordingly, in this study, the migration of MCs on substrates with different stiffnesses was investigated using time-lapse video microscopy. Our results showed that MCs could appear in round, spindle, and star-like shapes; spindle-shaped cells accounted for 80-90 % of the total observed cells. The migration speed of round cells was significantly lower than that of cells with other shapes. Interestingly, spindle-shaped MCs migrated in a jiggling and wiggling motion between protrusions. The persistence index of MC migration was slightly higher on stiffer substrates. Moreover, we found that there was an intermediate optimal stiffness at which the migration efficiency was the highest. These findings may help to improve our understanding of MC-induced pathologies and the roles of MC migration in the immune system.
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Meteran H, Sivapalan P, Stæhr Jensen JU. Treatment Response Biomarkers in Asthma and COPD. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1668. [PMID: 34574009 PMCID: PMC8464838 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are two of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Both diseases are heterogenous and complex, and despite their similarities, they differ in terms of pathophysiological and immunological mechanisms. Mounting evidence supports the presence of several phenotypes with various responses to treatment. A systematic and thorough assessment concerning the diagnosis of both asthma and COPD is crucial to the clinical management of the disease. The identification of different biomarkers can facilitate targeted treatment and monitoring. Thanks to the presence of numerous immunological studies, our understanding of asthma phenotypes and mechanisms of disease has increased markedly in the last decade, and several treatments with monoclonal antibodies are available. There are compelling data that link eosinophilia with an increased risk of COPD exacerbations but a greater treatment response and lower all-cause mortality. Eosinophilia can be considered as a treatable trait, and the initiation of inhaled corticosteroid in COPD patients with eosinophilia is supported in many studies. In spite of advances in our understanding of both asthma and COPD in terms pathophysiology, disease mechanisms, biomarkers, and response to treatment, many uncertainties in the management of obstructive airways exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howraman Meteran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Section, Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev and Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.-U.S.J.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pradeesh Sivapalan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Section, Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev and Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.-U.S.J.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jens-Ulrik Stæhr Jensen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Section, Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev and Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark; (P.S.); (J.-U.S.J.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
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50
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Yánez DC, Papaioannou E, Chawda MM, Rowell J, Ross S, Lau CI, Crompton T. Systemic Pharmacological Smoothened Inhibition Reduces Lung T-Cell Infiltration and Ameliorates Th2 Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Allergic Airway Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:737245. [PMID: 34580585 PMCID: PMC8463265 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.737245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a common inflammatory airway disease in which Th2 immune response and inflammation are thought to be triggered by inhalation of environmental allergens. Many studies using mouse models and human tissues and genome-wide association have indicated that Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway are involved in allergic asthma and that Shh is upregulated in the lung on disease induction. We used a papain-induced mouse model of allergic airway inflammation to investigate the impact of systemic pharmacological inhibition of the Hh signal transduction molecule smoothened on allergic airway disease induction and severity. Smoothened-inhibitor treatment reduced the induction of Shh, IL-4, and IL-13 in the lung and decreased serum IgE, as well as the expression of Smo, Il4, Il13, and the mucin gene Muc5ac in lung tissue. Smoothened inhibitor treatment reduced cellular infiltration of eosinophils, mast cells, basophils, and CD4+ T-cells to the lung, and eosinophils and CD4+ T-cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage. In the mediastinal lymph nodes, smoothened inhibitor treatment reduced the number of CD4+ T-cells, and the cell surface expression of Th2 markers ST2 and IL-4rα and expression of Th2 cytokines. Thus, overall pharmacological smoothened inhibition attenuated T-cell infiltration to the lung and Th2 function and reduced disease severity and inflammation in the airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C. Yánez
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Mira M. Chawda
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jasmine Rowell
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Ross
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ching-In Lau
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tessa Crompton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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