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Gómez-García M, Moreno-Jimenez E, Morgado N, García-Sánchez A, Gil-Melcón M, Pérez-Pazos J, Estravís M, Isidoro-García M, Dávila I, Sanz C. The Role of the Gut and Airway Microbiota in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8223. [PMID: 39125792 PMCID: PMC11311313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the potential role of microbiota dysbiosis or alterations in the composition and function of human microbiota in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). This systematic review evaluated the literature on CRSwNP and host microbiota for the last ten years, including mainly nasal bacteria, viruses, and fungi, following the PRISMA guidelines and using the major scientific publication databases. Seventy original papers, mainly from Asia and Europe, met the inclusion criteria, providing a comprehensive overview of the microbiota composition in CRSwNP patients and its implications for inflammatory processes in nasal polyps. This review also explores the potential impact of microbiota-modulating therapies for the CRSwNP treatment. Despite variability in study populations and methodologies, findings suggest that fluctuations in specific taxa abundance and reduced bacterial diversity can be accepted as critical factors influencing the onset or severity of CRSwNP. These microbiota alterations appear to be implicated in triggering cell-mediated immune responses, cytokine cascade changes, and defects in the epithelial barrier. Although further human studies are required, microbiota-modulating strategies could become integral to future combined CRSwNP treatments, complementing current therapies that mainly target inflammatory mediators and potentially improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gómez-García
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Pharmacogenetics and Precision Medicine Unit, Clinical Biochemistry Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Emma Moreno-Jimenez
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Natalia Morgado
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences Department, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Asunción García-Sánchez
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences Department, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Results-Oriented Cooperative Research Networks in Health—Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gil-Melcón
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jacqueline Pérez-Pazos
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Pharmacogenetics and Precision Medicine Unit, Clinical Biochemistry Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Centre for Networked Biomedical Research in Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Estravís
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Results-Oriented Cooperative Research Networks in Health—Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Isidoro-García
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Pharmacogenetics and Precision Medicine Unit, Clinical Biochemistry Department, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Results-Oriented Cooperative Research Networks in Health—Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ignacio Dávila
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Biomedical and Diagnostics Sciences Department, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Results-Oriented Cooperative Research Networks in Health—Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Allergy, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Catalina Sanz
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (M.G.-G.); (E.M.-J.); (N.M.); (A.G.-S.); (M.G.-M.); (J.P.-P.); (M.I.-G.); (I.D.); (C.S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Results-Oriented Cooperative Research Networks in Health—Red de Enfermedades Inflamatorias, Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
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Zelasko S, Swaney MH, Sandstrom S, Davenport TC, Seroogy CM, Gern JE, Kalan LR, Currie CR. Upper respiratory microbial communities of healthy populations are shaped by niche and age. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.14.589416. [PMID: 38645133 PMCID: PMC11030450 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.14.589416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Alterations in upper respiratory microbiomes have been implicated in shaping host health trajectories, including by limiting mucosal pathogen colonization. However, limited comparative studies of respiratory microbiome development and functioning across age groups have been performed. Herein, we perform shotgun metagenomic sequencing paired with pathogen inhibition assays to elucidate differences in nasal and oral microbiome composition and functioning across healthy 24-month-old infant (n=229) and adult (n=100) populations. Results We find that beta diversity of nasal and oral microbiomes varies with age, with nasal microbiomes showing greater population-level variation compared to oral microbiomes. Infant microbiome alpha diversity was significantly lower across nasal samples and higher in oral samples, relative to adults. Accordingly, we demonstrate significant differences in genus- and species-level composition of microbiomes between sites and age groups. Antimicrobial resistome patterns likewise varied across body sites, with oral microbiomes showing higher resistance gene abundance compared to nasal microbiomes. Biosynthetic gene clusters encoding specialized metabolite production were found in higher abundance across infant oral microbiomes, relative to adults. Investigation of pathogen inhibition revealed greater inhibition of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria by oral commensals, while nasal isolates had higher antifungal activity. Conclusions In summary, we identify significant differences in the microbial communities inhabiting nasal and oral cavities of healthy infants relative to adults. These findings inform our understanding of the interactions impacting respiratory microbiome composition and functioning, with important implications for host health across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Zelasko
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mary Hannah Swaney
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Shelby Sandstrom
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Timothy C. Davenport
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Christine M. Seroogy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James E. Gern
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lindsay R. Kalan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, David Braley Centre for Antibiotic Discovery, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cameron R. Currie
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, David Braley Centre for Antibiotic Discovery, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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de Benedictis FM. Upper and lower airway interactions in children. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 24:9-14. [PMID: 38037885 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of the present review was to highlight the interactions between rhinitis, rhinosinusitis and asthma in children and to discuss the most relevant scientific progresses in the pathophysiology and treatment of these combined conditions. RECENT FINDINGS Advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying the relationship between upper and lower airways have provided valuable insights into the role of eosinophils in the pathophysiology of inflammatory events and have further delineated the concept of united airway disease. Studies addressed to evaluate the burden of sinonasal system on asthma outcomes showed a parallel severity of upper and lower airway diseases. Histopathology of sinonasal tissue in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis is different in adults and children. Targeted administration of biological agents represents an effective treatment in patients with severe uncontrolled asthma, but specific trials are awaited in children with chronic sinonasal disease. SUMMARY Allergic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis are important comorbidities in patients with asthma. Improved knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms of inflammation and remodelling in the sinonasal system and the lung has led to new therapeutic approaches in patients with united airway disease and opened interesting perspectives for personalized drug therapies.
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Png LH, Ng DHL, Teo NWY. Infectious disease for the rhinologist. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 32:28-34. [PMID: 37997887 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature relating to viral, fungal and bacterial infections and their interactions within the sinonasal tract in the past 18 months. RECENT FINDINGS Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated olfactory dysfunction (OD) is variant dependent. Magnetic resonance imaging studies have found greater olfactory cleft opacification and higher olfactory bulb volume in post-COVID-19 OD. Olfactory training remains the mainstay of treatment, while platelet-rich plasma injections and ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide and luteolin combination oral supplementation have shown early promise.Consensus statements on paranasal sinus fungal balls and acute invasive fungal sinusitis have been released.Studies on the nasal microbiome have reported Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium as the most abundant genera, with higher levels of Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium being found in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and healthy individuals respectively. However, there is conflicting evidence on the significance of biodiversity of the nasal microbiome found in CRS versus healthy patients. SUMMARY While the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic is behind us, its sequelae continue to pose treatment challenges. Further studies in OD have implications in managing the condition, beyond those afflicted post-COVID-19 infection. Similarly, more research is needed in studying the nasal microbiome and its implications in the development and treatment of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hui Png
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dorothy Hui Lin Ng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Neville Wei Yang Teo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
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Giombi F, Pace GM, Pirola F, Cerasuolo M, Ferreli F, Mercante G, Spriano G, Canonica GW, Heffler E, Ferri S, Puggioni F, Paoletti G, Malvezzi L. Airways Type-2 Related Disorders: Multiorgan, Systemic or Syndemic Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:730. [PMID: 38255804 PMCID: PMC10815382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has recently undergone a significant paradigm shift, moving from a phenotypical classification towards an "endotype-based" definition that places more emphasis on clinical and therapeutic aspects. Similar to other airway diseases, like asthma, most cases of CRS in developed countries exhibit a dysregulated type-2 immune response and related cytokines. Consequently, the traditional distinction between upper and lower airways has been replaced by a "united airway" perspective. Additionally, type-2 related disorders extend beyond respiratory boundaries, encompassing conditions beyond the airways, such as atopic dermatitis. This necessitates a multidisciplinary approach. Moreover, consideration of possible systemic implications is crucial, particularly in relation to sleep-related breathing diseases like Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) and the alteration of systemic inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide. The trends in epidemiological, economic, and social burden are progressively increasing worldwide, indicating syndemic characteristics. In light of these insights, this narrative review aims to present the latest evidence on respiratory type-2 related disorders, with a specific focus on CRS while promoting a comprehensive perspective on the "united airways". It also introduces a novel concept: viewing these conditions as a multiorgan, systemic, and syndemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giombi
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (G.M.); (G.S.); (L.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Gian Marco Pace
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (G.M.); (G.S.); (L.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Francesca Pirola
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (G.M.); (G.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Michele Cerasuolo
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (G.M.); (G.S.); (L.M.)
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Casa di Cura Humanitas San Pio X, Via Francesco Nava 31, 20159 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Ferreli
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (G.M.); (G.S.); (L.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Mercante
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (G.M.); (G.S.); (L.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Spriano
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (G.M.); (G.S.); (L.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
| | - Giorgio Walter Canonica
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Heffler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Sebastian Ferri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Puggioni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Paoletti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Personalized Medicine, Asthma and Allergy, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Malvezzi
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (F.P.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (G.M.); (G.S.); (L.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy; (G.W.C.); (E.H.); (S.F.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
- Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Unit, Casa di Cura Humanitas San Pio X, Via Francesco Nava 31, 20159 Milan, Italy
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Pjevac P, Bartosik T, Schneider S, Eckl-Dorna J. Pitfalls in sampling and analyzing low-biomass human nasal microbiome samples. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:304. [PMID: 37149807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Pjevac
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Tina Bartosik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sven Schneider
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Eckl-Dorna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Han X, He X, Zhan X, Yao L, Sun Z, Gao X, Wang S, Wang Z. Disturbed microbiota-metabolites-immune interaction network is associated with olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159112. [PMID: 37292198 PMCID: PMC10245275 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a debilitating symptom frequently reported by patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and it is associated with a dysregulated sinonasal inflammation. However, little information is available about the effect of the inflammation-related nasal microbiota and related metabolites on the olfactory function in these patients. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the nasal microbiota-metabolites-immune interactions and their role in the pathogenesis of OD in CRS patients. Methods 23 and 19 CRS patients with and without OD, respectively, were enrolled in the present study. The "Sniffin' Sticks" was used to measure the olfactory function, while the metagenomic shotgun sequencing and the untargeted metabolite profiling were performed to assess the differences in terms of the nasal microbiome and metabolome between the two groups. The levels of nasal mucus inflammatory mediators were investigated by a multiplex flow Cytometric Bead Array (CBA). Results A decreased diversity in the nasal microbiome from the OD group compared to the NOD group was evidenced. The metagenomic analysis revealed a significant enrichment of Acinetobacter johnsonii in the OD group, while Mycoplasma arginini, Aeromonas dhakensis, and Salmonella enterica were significantly less represented (LDA value > 3, p < 0.05). The nasal metabolome profiles were significantly different between the OD and NOD groups (P < 0.05). The purine metabolism was the most significantly enriched metabolic subpathway in OD patients compared with NOD patients (P < 0.001). The expressions of IL-5, IL-8, MIP-1α, MCP-1, and TNF were statistically and significantly increased in the OD group (P < 0.05). All these data, including the dysregulation of the nasal microbiota, differential metabolites, and elevated inflammatory mediators in OD patients demonstrated a clear interaction relationship. Conclusion The disturbed nasal microbiota-metabolite-immune interaction networks may be implicated in the pathogenesis of OD in CRS patients and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms need to be further investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejia He
- Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Peking University Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Linyin Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Liang Y, Zhang C, Xie R, Zhang G. Reply. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023:S0091-6749(23)00460-8. [PMID: 37149806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Liang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Auditory Speech and Balance Medicine, Key Medical Discipline of Tianjin (Otolaryngology), Quality Control Centre of Otolaryngology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenting Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Auditory Speech and Balance Medicine, Key Medical Discipline of Tianjin (Otolaryngology), Quality Control Centre of Otolaryngology, Tianjin, China; The First Central Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Runxiang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Institute of Otolaryngology of Tianjin, Key Laboratory of Auditory Speech and Balance Medicine, Key Medical Discipline of Tianjin (Otolaryngology), Quality Control Centre of Otolaryngology, Tianjin, China.
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