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Zervou MI, Goulielmos GN. Comment on "beyond physical pain: A large-scale cohort study on endometriosis trends and mental health correlates". J Psychosom Res 2024; 184:111853. [PMID: 38924834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Zervou
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George N Goulielmos
- Section of Molecular Pathology and Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece.
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Icer MA, Sarikaya B, Kocyigit E, Atabilen B, Çelik MN, Capasso R, Ağagündüz D, Budán F. Contributions of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Produced by Lactic Acid Bacteria on Food Quality and Human Health: Current Applications and Future Prospects. Foods 2024; 13:2437. [PMID: 39123629 PMCID: PMC11311711 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The need to increase food safety and improve human health has led to a worldwide increase in interest in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), produced by lactic acid bacteria (LABs). GABA, produced from glutamic acid in a reaction catalyzed by glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), is a four-carbon, non-protein amino acid that is increasingly used in the food industry to improve the safety/quality of foods. In addition to the possible positive effects of GABA, called a postbiotic, on neuroprotection, improving sleep quality, alleviating depression and relieving pain, the various health benefits of GABA-enriched foods such as antidiabetic, antihypertension, and anti-inflammatory effects are also being investigated. For all these reasons, it is not surprising that efforts to identify LAB strains with a high GABA productivity and to increase GABA production from LABs through genetic engineering to increase GABA yield are accelerating. However, GABA's contributions to food safety/quality and human health have not yet been fully discussed in the literature. Therefore, this current review highlights the synthesis and food applications of GABA produced from LABs, discusses its health benefits such as, for example, alleviating drug withdrawal syndromes and regulating obesity and overeating. Still, other potential food and drug interactions (among others) remain unanswered questions to be elucidated in the future. Hence, this review paves the way toward further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Arif Icer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya 05100, Turkey;
| | - Buse Sarikaya
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya University, Amasya 05100, Turkey;
| | - Emine Kocyigit
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ordu University, Ordu 52000, Turkey;
| | - Büşra Atabilen
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70100, Turkey;
| | - Menşure Nur Çelik
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55000, Turkey;
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara 06490, Turkey;
| | - Ferenc Budán
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
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3
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Lv S, Zhang G, Lu Y, Zhong X, Huang Y, Ma Y, Yan W, Teng J, Wei S. Pharmacological mechanism of natural antidepressants: The role of mitochondrial quality control. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155669. [PMID: 38696923 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a mental illness characterized by persistent sadness and a reduced capacity for pleasure. In clinical practice, SSRIs and other medications are commonly used for therapy, despite their various side effects. Natural products present distinct advantages, including synergistic interactions among multiple components and targeting multiple pathways, suggesting their tremendous potential in depression treatment. Imbalance in mitochondrial quality control (MQC) plays a significant role in the pathology of depression, emphasizing the importance of regulating MQC as a potential intervention strategy in addressing the onset and progression of depression. However, the role and mechanism through which natural products regulate MQC in depression treatments still need to be comprehensively elucidated, particularly in clinical and preclinical settings. PURPOSE This review was aimed to summarize the findings of recent studies and outline the pharmacological mechanisms by which natural products modulate MQC to exert antidepressant effects. Additionally, it evaluated current research limitations and proposed new strategies for future preclinical and clinical applications in the depression domain. METHODS To study the main pharmacological mechanisms underlying the regulation of MQC by natural products in the treatment of depression, we conducted a thorough search across databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases to classify and summarize the relationship between MQC and depression, as well as the regulatory mechanisms of natural products. RESULTS Numerous studies have shown that irregularities in the MQC system play an important role in the pathology of depression, and the regulation of the MQC system is involved in antidepressant treatments. Natural products mainly regulate the MQC system to induce antidepressant effects by alleviating oxidative stress, balancing ATP levels, promoting mitophagy, maintaining calcium homeostasis, optimizing mitochondrial dynamics, regulating mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We comprehensively summarized the regulation of natural products on the MQC system in antidepressants, providing a unique perspective for the application of natural products within antidepressant therapy. However, extensive efforts are imperative in clinical and preclinical investigations to delve deeper into the mechanisms underlying how antidepressant medications impact MQC, which is crucial for the development of effective antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Lv
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yitong Lu
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuexiang Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355,China
| | - Wei Yan
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jing Teng
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Sheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; High Level Key Disciplines of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Major Brain Diseases with Traditional Chinese Medicine (PTMBD), Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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Milon RB, Hu P, Zhang X, Hu X, Ren L. Recent advances in the biosynthesis and industrial biotechnology of Gamma-amino butyric acid. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:32. [PMID: 38647854 PMCID: PMC10992975 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid), a crucial neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its extensive benefits for human health. The review focused on recent advances in the biosynthesis and production of GABA. To begin with, the investigation evaluates GABA-producing strains and metabolic pathways, focusing on microbial sources such as Lactic Acid Bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Corynebacterium glutamicum. The metabolic pathways of GABA are elaborated upon, including the GABA shunt and critical enzymes involved in its synthesis. Next, strategies to enhance microbial GABA production are discussed, including optimization of fermentation factors, different fermentation methods such as co-culture strategy and two-step fermentation, and modification of the GABA metabolic pathway. The review also explores methods for determining glutamate (Glu) and GABA levels, emphasizing the importance of accurate quantification. Furthermore, a comprehensive market analysis and prospects are provided, highlighting current trends, potential applications, and challenges in the GABA industry. Overall, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and industrialists working on GABA advancements, focusing on its efficient synthesis processes and various applications, and providing novel ideas and approaches to improve GABA yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ripon Baroi Milon
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengchen Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqiong Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechao Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai JanStar Technology Development Co, Ltd., No. 1288, Huateng Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lujing Ren
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
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Yuan D, Meng Y, Ai Z, Zhou S. Research trend of epigenetics and depression: adolescents' research needs to strengthen. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1289019. [PMID: 38249586 PMCID: PMC10799345 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1289019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective With its high prevalence, depression's pathogenesis remains unclear. Recent attention has turned to the interplay between depression and epigenetic modifications. However, quantitative bibliometric analyses are lacking. This study aims to visually analyze depression epigenetics trends, utilizing bibliometric tools, while comprehensively reviewing its epigenetic mechanisms. Methods Utilizing the Web of Science core dataset, we collected depression and epigenetics-related studies. Employing VOSViewer software, we visualized data on authors, countries, journals, and keywords. A ranking table highlighted field leaders. Results Analysis encompassed 3,469 depression epigenetics studies published from January 2002 to June 2023. Key findings include: (1) Gradual publication growth, peaking in 2021; (2) The United States and its research institutions leading contributions; (3) Need for enhanced collaborations, spanning international and interdisciplinary efforts; (4) Keyword clustering revealed five main themes-early-life stress, microRNA, genetics, DNA methylation, and histone acetylation-highlighting research hotspots; (5) Limited focus on adolescent depression epigenetics, warranting increased attention. Conclusion Taken together, this study revealed trends and hotspots in depression epigenetics research, underscoring global collaboration, interdisciplinary fusion, and multi-omics data's importance. It discussed in detail the potential of epigenetic mechanisms in depression diagnosis and treatment, advocating increased focus on adolescent research in this field. Insights aid researchers in shaping their investigative paths toward understanding depression's epigenetic mechanisms and antidepressant interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Yuan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yitong Meng
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongzhu Ai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Modern Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiquan Zhou
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Fan H, Liu Z, Wu X, Yu G, Gu X, Kuang N, Zhang K, Liu Y, Jia T, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Schumann G, Cheng W, Feng J, Becker B, Zhang J. Decoding anxiety-impulsivity subtypes in preadolescent internalising disorders: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Br J Psychiatry 2023; 223:542-554. [PMID: 37730654 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2023.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internalising disorders are highly prevalent emotional dysregulations during preadolescence but clinical decision-making is hampered by high heterogeneity. During this period impulsivity represents a major risk factor for psychopathological trajectories and may act on this heterogeneity given the controversial anxiety-impulsivity relationships. However, how impulsivity contributes to the heterogeneous symptomatology, neurobiology, neurocognition and clinical trajectories in preadolescent internalising disorders remains unclear. AIMS The aim was to determine impulsivity-dependent subtypes in preadolescent internalising disorders that demonstrate distinct anxiety-impulsivity relationships, neurobiological, genetic, cognitive and clinical trajectory signatures. METHOD We applied a data-driven strategy to determine impulsivity-related subtypes in 2430 preadolescents with internalising disorders from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were employed to examine subtype-specific signatures of the anxiety-impulsivity relationship, brain morphology, cognition and clinical trajectory from age 10 to 12 years. RESULTS We identified two distinct subtypes of patients who internalise with comparably high anxiety yet distinguishable levels of impulsivity, i.e. enhanced (subtype 1) or decreased (subtype 2) compared with control participants. The two subtypes exhibited opposing anxiety-impulsivity relationships: higher anxiety at baseline was associated with higher lack of perseverance in subtype 1 but lower sensation seeking in subtype 2 at baseline/follow-up. Subtype 1 demonstrated thicker prefrontal and temporal cortices, and genes enriched in immune-related diseases and glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. Subtype 1 exhibited cognitive deficits and a detrimental trajectory characterised by increasing emotional/behavioural dysregulations and suicide risks during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate impulsivity-dependent subtypes in preadolescent internalising disorders and unify past controversies about the anxiety-impulsivity interaction. Clinically, individuals with a high-impulsivity subtype exhibit a detrimental trajectory, thus early interventions are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Fan
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China and Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Zhaowen Liu
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
| | - Xinran Wu
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China and Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Gechang Yu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xinrui Gu
- Sino-European School of Technology, Shanghai University, China
| | - Nanyu Kuang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China and Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China and Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Tianye Jia
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China and Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Barbara J Sahakian
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, UK and Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, UK
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, UK and Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China and PONS-Center, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China; Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China; Fudan ISTBI-ZJNU Algorithm Centre for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Zhejiang Normal University, China and Shanghai Medical College and Zhongshan Hospital Immunotherapy Technology Transfer Center, China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China and Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, China and Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, China
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Babayeva M, Loewy ZG. Cannabis Pharmacogenomics: A Path to Personalized Medicine. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3479-3514. [PMID: 37185752 PMCID: PMC10137111 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis and related compounds have created significant research interest as a promising therapy in many disorders. However, the individual therapeutic effects of cannabinoids and the incidence of side effects are still difficult to determine. Pharmacogenomics may provide the answers to many questions and concerns regarding the cannabis/cannabinoid treatment and help us to understand the variability in individual responses and associated risks. Pharmacogenomics research has made meaningful progress in identifying genetic variations that play a critical role in interpatient variability in response to cannabis. This review classifies the current knowledge of pharmacogenomics associated with medical marijuana and related compounds and can assist in improving the outcomes of cannabinoid therapy and to minimize the adverse effects of cannabis use. Specific examples of pharmacogenomics informing pharmacotherapy as a path to personalized medicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Babayeva
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zvi G Loewy
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
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8
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Ausderau KK, Colman RJ, Kabakov S, Schultz-Darken N, Emborg ME. Evaluating depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in non-human primates. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 16:1006065. [PMID: 36744101 PMCID: PMC9892652 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1006065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are some of the most prevalent and debilitating mental health conditions in humans. They can present on their own or as co-morbidities with other disorders. Like humans, non-human primates (NHPs) can develop depression- and anxiety-like signs. Here, we first define human depression and anxiety, examine equivalent species-specific behaviors in NHPs, and consider models and current methods to identify and evaluate these behaviors. We also discuss knowledge gaps, as well as the importance of evaluating the co-occurrence of depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in animal models of human disease. Lastly, we consider ethical challenges in depression and anxiety research on NHPs in order to ultimately advance the understanding and the personalized treatment of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla K. Ausderau
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ricki J. Colman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sabrina Kabakov
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Nancy Schultz-Darken
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Marina E. Emborg
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Gaszner T, Farkas J, Kun D, Ujvári B, Berta G, Csernus V, Füredi N, Kovács LÁ, Hashimoto H, Reglődi D, Kormos V, Gaszner B. Fluoxetine treatment supports predictive validity of the three hit model of depression in male PACAP heterozygous mice and underpins the impact of early life adversity on therapeutic efficacy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:995900. [PMID: 36213293 PMCID: PMC9537566 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.995900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the three hit concept of depression, interaction of genetic predisposition altered epigenetic programming and environmental stress factors contribute to the disease. Earlier we demonstrated the construct and face validity of our three hit concept-based mouse model. In the present work, we aimed to examine the predictive validity of our model, the third willnerian criterion. Fluoxetine treatment was applied in chronic variable mild stress (CVMS)-exposed (environmental hit) CD1 mice carrying one mutated allele of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide gene (genetic hit) that were previously exposed to maternal deprivation (epigenetic hit) vs. controls. Fluoxetine reduced the anxiety level in CVMS-exposed mice in marble burying test, and decreased the depression level in tail suspension test if mice were not deprived maternally. History of maternal deprivation caused fundamental functional-morphological changes in response to CVMS and fluoxetine treatment in the corticotropin-releasing hormone-producing cells of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and central amygdala, in tyrosine-hydroxylase content of ventral tegmental area, in urocortin 1-expressing cells of the centrally projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus, and serotonergic cells of the dorsal raphe nucleus. The epigenetic background of alterations was approved by altered acetylation of histone H3. Our findings further support the validity of both the three hit concept and that of our animal model. Reversal of behavioral and functional-morphological anomalies by fluoxetine treatment supports the predictive validity of the model. This study highlights that early life stress does not only interact with the genetic and environmental factors, but has strong influence also on therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Gaszner
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience & Szentágothai Research Centre, University Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Farkas
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience & Szentágothai Research Centre, University Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dániel Kun
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience & Szentágothai Research Centre, University Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs Ujvári
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience & Szentágothai Research Centre, University Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Valér Csernus
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Nóra Füredi
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience & Szentágothai Research Centre, University Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - László Ákos Kovács
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience & Szentágothai Research Centre, University Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Hitoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Molecular Research Center for Children’s Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Bioscience, Institute for Datability Science, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Transdimensional Life Imaging Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Dóra Reglődi
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE PACAP Research Group Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Viktória Kormos
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School & Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs Gaszner
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience & Szentágothai Research Centre, University Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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McCarthy B, O’Neill G, Abu-Ghannam N. Potential Psychoactive Effects of Microalgal Bioactive Compounds for the Case of Sleep and Mood Regulation: Opportunities and Challenges. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:493. [PMID: 36005495 PMCID: PMC9410000 DOI: 10.3390/md20080493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep deficiency is now considered an emerging global epidemic associated with many serious health problems, and a major cause of financial and social burdens. Sleep and mental health are closely connected, further exacerbating the negative impact of sleep deficiency on overall health and well-being. A major drawback of conventional treatments is the wide range of undesirable side-effects typically associated with benzodiazepines and antidepressants, which can be more debilitating than the initial disorder. It is therefore valuable to explore the efficiency of other remedies for complementarity and synergism with existing conventional treatments, leading to possible reduction in undesirable side-effects. This review explores the relevance of microalgae bioactives as a sustainable source of valuable phytochemicals that can contribute positively to mood and sleep disorders. Microalgae species producing these compounds are also catalogued, thus creating a useful reference of the state of the art for further exploration of this proposed approach. While we highlight possibilities awaiting investigation, we also identify the associated issues, including minimum dose for therapeutic effect, bioavailability, possible interactions with conventional treatments and the ability to cross the blood brain barrier. We conclude that physical and biological functionalization of microalgae bioactives can have potential in overcoming some of these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozena McCarthy
- Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 H6K8 Dublin 7, Ireland; (B.M.); (G.O.)
| | - Graham O’Neill
- Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 H6K8 Dublin 7, Ireland; (B.M.); (G.O.)
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 H6K8 Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Nissreen Abu-Ghannam
- Environmental Sustainability & Health Institute (ESHI), Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 H6K8 Dublin 7, Ireland; (B.M.); (G.O.)
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman, D07 H6K8 Dublin 7, Ireland
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11
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Gene-gene interaction and new onset of major depressive disorder: Findings from a Chinese freshmen nested case-control study. J Affect Disord 2022; 300:505-510. [PMID: 34990634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gene-gene interaction is known to be the genetic cause of major depressive disorder (MDD). Several genes have been found to be related to MDD. The objectives of this study were to verify the susceptibility genes of MDD in a sample of university students in China, and to investigate possible gene-gene interactions in relation to the risk of MDD. METHODS 7,627 Chinese Han freshmen were enrolled at baseline survey in 2018. After a 2-year follow-up, 170 new onset MDD cases and 680 controls with DNA samples reserved were sequenced and genotyped for 4 selected Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in a nested case-control study (ratio of 1:4). Chi-square test was used to identify the relationships between SNPs and risk of MDD. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to analyze the gene-gene interactions. RESULTS The 2-year incidence of MDD in Chinese college students was 3.75% (95% CI: 3.24%, 4.34%). There was no statistical difference in MDD incidences between males (3.74%, 95% CI: 3.12%, 4.49%) and females (3.77%, 95% CI: 2.97%, 4.78%) (p>0.05). TMEM161B (rs768705) was positively associated with new onset MDD (χ2 = 0.75, p = 0.023). The AG genotype of rs768705 was significant (OR=1.640, 95%CI:1.414-2.358). The gene-gene interaction between TMEM161B (rs768705) and LHPP (rs35936514) was statistically significant in this nested case-control study (p = 0.011). The CV consistency was 9/10 and the testing accuracy was 0.5274. LIMITATIONS The results could not be inferred to other ethnics. CONCLUSIONS This study provided evidence that combined rs768705 (TMEM161B) and rs35936514 (LHPP) may modulate the risk of MDD.
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12
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Dobielska M, Bartosik NK, Zyzik KA, Kowalczyk E, Karbownik MS. Mechanisms of Cognitive Impairment in Depression. May Probiotics Help? Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:904426. [PMID: 35757204 PMCID: PMC9218185 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.904426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is the major cause of disability globally. Apart from lowered mood and accompanying symptoms, it leads to cognitive impairment that altogether predicts disadvantaged social functioning. Reduced cognitive function in depression appears a bit neglected in the field of clinical and molecular psychiatry, while it is estimated to occur in two-thirds of depressed patients and persist in at least one third of remitted patients. This problem, therefore, requires elucidation at the biomolecular and system levels and calls for improvement in therapeutic approach. In this review study, we address the above-mentioned issues by discussing putative mechanisms of cognitive decline in depression: (1) increased oxidative stress and (2) inflammation, (3) disturbed hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenals axis, and (4) reduced monoamines functionality. Moreover, we acknowledge additional underpinnings of cognitive impairment in depressed elderly: (5) vascular-originated brain ischemia and (6) amyloid-beta plaque accumulation. Additionally, by reviewing molecular, pre-clinical and clinical evidence, we propose gut microbiota-targeted strategies as potential adjuvant therapeutics. The study provides a consolidated source of knowledge regarding mechanisms of cognitive impairment in depression and may path the way toward improved treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dobielska
- Students' Research Club, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Natalia Karina Bartosik
- Students' Research Club, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Kamil A Zyzik
- Institute of Sociology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Edward Kowalczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
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13
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Liu Q, Wangqing P, Baima Y, Wang S, Shen Z, Zhou J, Song H, Liu Y, Liu X, Luo P, Zhao X. Comorbid Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Their Correlates Among 93,078 Multiethnic Adults in Southwest China. Front Public Health 2022; 9:783687. [PMID: 34970528 PMCID: PMC8712466 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.783687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms commonly coexist and severely increases the disease burden worldwide. Little is known about the patterns and correlates of comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms among the multiethnic populations of China. Methods: This population-based study investigated the comprehensive associations of comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms with lifestyles, stressful life events, chronic diseases, and physical and mental well-being among 93,078 participants (37,193 men, 55,885 women) aged 30–79 years across seven ethnic groups in Southwest China. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate associations. Results: Overall, 2.9% (2.1% in men and 3.5% in women) participants had comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms; there was considerable heterogeneity among multiethnic populations. Participants with chronic diseases were more likely to have comorbidity than those without them; people with rheumatic heart disease reported the highest risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 6.25 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 4.06–9.62. Having experienced 3 or more stressful life events (OR, 8.43, 95% CI: 7.27–9.77), very poor self-rated health status (OR, 33.60, 95%CI: 25.16–44.87), and very unsatisfied life (OR, 33.30, 95% CI: 23.73–46.74) had strong positive associations with comorbid depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms, with a dose-response relationship (P < 0.05). High frequency of physical activity had negative associations. All the associations were stronger than depressive symptoms alone or anxiety symptoms alone. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the need to focus on the vulnerable ethnic groups with comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms, ultimate for help early prevention and improvement of health equity in the underdevelopment and high urbanization areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaolan Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Yangji Baima
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Songmei Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhuozhi Shen
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Chenghua District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chenghua, China
| | - Huan Song
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center of West China Hospital, Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Trait anxiety, a personality risk factor associated with Alzheimer's Disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 105:110124. [PMID: 33035604 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in elderly population and the leading cause of dementia worldwide. While senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles have been proposed as the principal histopathologic hallmarks of AD, the exact etiology of this disease is still far from being clearly understood. AD has been recognized as pathological consequences of complex interactions among genetic, aging, medical, life style and psychosocial factors. Recently, the roles of neuroticism personality traits in AD incidence and progression have come into focus. More specifically, increasing evidence has further shown that the trait anxiety, one major component of neuroticism predicting the individual vulnerability in response to stress, is a risk factor for AD and may correlated with various AD pathologies. In this review, we summarized recent literature on the association of trait anxiety with AD. We also discussed the possible neuroendocrinological and neurochemical mechanisms of this association, which may provide clinical implications for AD diagnosis and therapy.
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15
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Kao CF, Kuo PH, Yu YWY, Yang AC, Lin E, Liu YL, Tsai SJ. Gene-Based Association Analysis Suggests Association of HTR2A With Antidepressant Treatment Response in Depressed Patients. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:559601. [PMID: 33519430 PMCID: PMC7845659 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.559601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Among the 5-HT receptor subtypes, 5-HT2 is one of the major pharmacological therapeutic targets for MDD. There have been inconsistent findings in previous pharmacogenetic studies investigating the antidepressant therapeutic response using one or several 5-HT2A (HTR2A) genetic polymorphisms. By using gene-based association analysis, we hope to identify genetic variants of HTR2A which are related to MDD susceptibility and its antidepressant therapeutic response. 288 HTR2A single nucleotide polymorphisms in MDD susceptibility have been investigated through a case–control (455 MDD patients and 2, 998 healthy controls) study, as well as in antidepressant efficacy (n = 455) in our current research. The 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was used to evaluate measures of antidepressant therapeutic efficacy. From two MDD groups in the antidepressant therapeutic response, by using gene-based analyses, we have identified 14 polymorphisms as suggestive markers for therapeutic response (13 for remission and 1 for response) in both meta- and mega-analyses. All of these HTR2A reported polymorphisms did not reach statistical significance in the case–control association study. This current investigation supported the link between HTR2A variants and antidepressant therapeutic response in MDD but not with MDD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Feng Kao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Albert C Yang
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Medicine Center, Taoyuan Psychiatric Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Eugene Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Becker M, Pinhasov A, Ornoy A. Animal Models of Depression: What Can They Teach Us about the Human Disease? Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:123. [PMID: 33466814 PMCID: PMC7830961 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is apparently the most common psychiatric disease among the mood disorders affecting about 10% of the adult population. The etiology and pathogenesis of depression are still poorly understood. Hence, as for most human diseases, animal models can help us understand the pathogenesis of depression and, more importantly, may facilitate the search for therapy. In this review we first describe the more common tests used for the evaluation of depressive-like symptoms in rodents. Then we describe different models of depression and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. These models can be divided into several categories: genetic models, models induced by mental acute and chronic stressful situations caused by environmental manipulations (i.e., learned helplessness in rats/mice), models induced by changes in brain neuro-transmitters or by specific brain injuries and models induced by pharmacological tools. In spite of the fact that none of the models completely resembles human depression, most animal models are relevant since they mimic many of the features observed in the human situation and may serve as a powerful tool for the study of the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of depression, especially since only few patients respond to acute treatment. Relevance increases by the fact that human depression also has different facets and many possible etiologies and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Becker
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Albert Pinhasov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Asher Ornoy
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
- Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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17
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Miyata S, Kakizaki T, Fujihara K, Obinata H, Hirano T, Nakai J, Tanaka M, Itohara S, Watanabe M, Tanaka KF, Abe M, Sakimura K, Yanagawa Y. Global knockdown of glutamate decarboxylase 67 elicits emotional abnormality in mice. Mol Brain 2021; 14:5. [PMID: 33413507 PMCID: PMC7789591 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced expression of glutamate decarboxylase 67 (GAD67), encoded by the Gad1 gene, is a consistent finding in postmortem brains of patients with several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. The dysfunction of GAD67 in the brain is implicated in the pathophysiology of these psychiatric disorders; however, the neurobiological consequences of GAD67 dysfunction in mature brains are not fully understood because the homozygous Gad1 knockout is lethal in newborn mice. We hypothesized that the tetracycline-controlled gene expression/suppression system could be applied to develop global GAD67 knockdown mice that would survive into adulthood. In addition, GAD67 knockdown mice would provide new insights into the neurobiological impact of GAD67 dysfunction. Here, we developed Gad1tTA/STOP−tetO biallelic knock-in mice using Gad1STOP−tetO and Gad1tTA knock-in mice, and compared them with Gad1+/+ mice. The expression level of GAD67 protein in brains of Gad1tTA/STOP−tetO mice treated with doxycycline (Dox) was decreased by approximately 90%. The GABA content was also decreased in the brains of Dox-treated Gad1tTA/STOP−tetO mice. In the open-field test, Dox-treated Gad1tTA/STOP−tetO mice exhibited hyper-locomotor activity and decreased duration spent in the center region. In addition, acoustic startle responses were impaired in Dox-treated Gad1tTA/STOP−tetO mice. These results suggest that global reduction in GAD67 elicits emotional abnormalities in mice. These GAD67 knockdown mice will be useful for elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms of emotional abnormalities, such as anxiety symptoms associated with psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Miyata
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan.
| | - Toshikazu Kakizaki
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Fujihara
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hideru Obinata
- Laboratory for Analytical Instruments, Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Touko Hirano
- Laboratory for Analytical Instruments, Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Junichi Nakai
- Division of Oral Physiology, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mika Tanaka
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Itohara
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Animal Model Development, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yuchio Yanagawa
- Department of Genetic and Behavioral Neuroscience, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan.
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18
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Yap AU, Cao Y, Zhang MJ, Lei J, Fu KY. Comparison of emotional disturbance, sleep, and life quality in adult patients with painful temporomandibular disorders of different origins. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:4097-4105. [PMID: 33404766 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared the differences in emotional disturbance, sleep, and life quality among adult patients with temporomandibular (TMD) muscle and/or joint pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study involved an analytical cross-sectional design. A total of 420 consecutive patients diagnosed with pain-related TMDs based on the Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs (DC/TMD) were recruited from a TMD referral centre and stratified into three groups, namely muscle pain (MP; n = 50), joint pain (JP; n = 329), and combined muscle-joint pain (CP; n = 41). Emotional disturbance, sleep quality, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) were assessed with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Oral Health Impact Profile-TMDs (OHIP-TMDs) respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation (p < 0.05). RESULTS Mean age for the three pain groups (females = 349; males = 71) ranged from 37.15 ± 14.91 to 38.60 ± 14.37 years (p = 0.973). Ranking of depression, anxiety, and stress scores was as follows: CP > MP > JP. Significant differences in emotional disturbances were observed (p < 0.001). CP patients had significantly poorer sleep quality than those with JP (p = 0.004). Moreover, OHRQoL was also significantly more impaired as compared to both MP (p = 0.006) and JP (p < 0.001) patients. Correlations between global PSQI and OHIP-TMDs scores were weak to moderate (rs = 0.30-0.47). CONCLUSIONS Patients with combined muscle-joint pain presented higher levels of emotional disturbance than those with only MP or JP. They also had significantly poorer sleep quality and lower OHRQoL. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Emotional and sleep health must be considered in the management of painful TMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Ujin Yap
- Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhong Guan Cun South Ave, Beijing, 100081, China.,Department of Dentistry, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore and National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ye Cao
- Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhong Guan Cun South Ave, Beijing, 100081, China.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Min-Juan Zhang
- Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhong Guan Cun South Ave, Beijing, 100081, China.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lei
- Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhong Guan Cun South Ave, Beijing, 100081, China.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Yuan Fu
- Center for TMD & Orofacial Pain, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhong Guan Cun South Ave, Beijing, 100081, China. .,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School & Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.
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19
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Nájera-Martínez M, López-Tapia BP, Aguilera-Alvarado GP, Madera-Sandoval RL, Sánchez-Nieto S, Giron-Pérez MI, Vega-López A. Sub-basal increases of GABA enhance the synthesis of TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-1β in the immune system organs of the Nile tilapia. J Neuroimmunol 2020; 348:577382. [PMID: 32919148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The cells of the immune and neuronal systems share different receptors for cytokines or neurotransmitters, producing feedback responses between both systems. Cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α can induce inflammation; however, the secretion of these molecules can be modulated by anti-inflammatory cytokines, as is the case for TGF-β, as well as by different hormones or neurotransmitters such as the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In this study, we evaluated the secretion of IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β under basal conditions, in the head of the kidney, spleen, thymus, and serum of the Nile tilapia, as well as their release induced by different sub-basal increases of GABA. We found that at the higher dose of GABA these cytokines were synthesised at a higher concentration compared to the control group. These results may suggest that there is feedback between both systems and that GABA plays a role in the modulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Nájera-Martínez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, México City, CP 07738 México
| | - Brenda P López-Tapia
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, México City, CP 07738 México
| | | | - Ruth L Madera-Sandoval
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, México City, CP 07738 México
| | - Sobeida Sánchez-Nieto
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, México
| | - Manuel Iván Giron-Pérez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigación en Inocuidad Alimentaria-Unidad Nayarit, Calle Tres s/n, Cd Industrial, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Armando Vega-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, México City, CP 07738 México.
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20
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Discovery of Novel Indolealkylpiperazine Derivatives as Potent 5-HT 1A Receptor Agonists for the Potential Future Treatment of Depression. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 25:molecules25215078. [PMID: 33139658 PMCID: PMC7662226 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a severe psychiatric disorder that affects over 100 million people worldwide. 5-HT1A receptor agonists have been implicated in the treatment of a variety of central nervous system diseases, especially depression. In this study, based on FW01, a selective potent 5-HT1AR agonist discovered via dynamic pharmacophore-based virtual screening, a series of indolealkylpiperazine derivatives with a benzamide moiety were designed and synthesized by the modification of the amide tail group as well as indole head group of FW01. Among all tested compounds, 13m displayed potent agonistic activity towards 5-HT1AR with an EC50 value of 1.01 nM. Molecular docking studies were performed to disclose the mechanism of its potent agonistic activity and high selectivity. Finally, the activation model of 5-HT1AR induced by 13m was proposed.
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21
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Huang Y, Wu R, Wu J, Yang Q, Zheng S, Wu K. Psychological resilience, self-acceptance, perceived social support and their associations with mental health of incarcerated offenders in China. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 52:102166. [PMID: 32447270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to analyze the mental health status of incarcerated offenders in the detention centers and related factors; and introduce psychological resilience, self-acceptance and perceived social support for further analyses, to explore the relationships between them and mental health in these special populations. METHODS Incarcerated offenders in two detention centers of Guangdong province were recruited. General demographic questionnaire, Self-acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20) were addressed to the participants for investigation. Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used to identify the associations and related factors. RESULTS Scores for GHQ-20, CD-RISC, SAQ and PSSS were 7.72 ± 4.49, 57.85 ± 17.30, 40.94 ± 5.40 and 42.99 ± 9.90, respectively. Some socio-demographic factors influenced significantly to the mental health status. After adjusting for socio-demographic factors, the scores of self-acceptance (B = -0.23, P < 0.001), perceived social support (B = -0.10, P < 0.001) and psychological resilience (B = -0.06, P < 0.001) were negatively associated with scores of mental health. Further SEM analyses suggested self-acceptance and resilience had not only mediating effects respectively, but also multiple mediating effects between perceived social support and mental health (r = -0.11, P < 0.01; r = -0.12, P < 0.01; r = -0.04, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The levels of mental health, psychological resilience, self-acceptance and perceived social support among incarcerated offenders are generally low, and influenced by socio-demographic factors. In addition, self-acceptance, perceived social support and resilience are protective factors for mental health status of offenders; and self-acceptance and resilience mediate the association between perceived social support and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanni Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China; Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedics Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shenzhen, 518122, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ruibin Wu
- Chaozhou People's Hospital, Chaozhou, 521000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junkai Wu
- Chaozhou Detention Center, Chaozhou, 521011, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qingwen Yang
- Xingning Detention Center, Xingning, 514526, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, China.
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Cheng Z, Cui R, Ge T, Yang W, Li B. Optogenetics: What it has uncovered in potential pathways of depression. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Diez-Gutiérrez L, San Vicente L, R. Barrón LJ, Villarán MDC, Chávarri M. Gamma-aminobutyric acid and probiotics: Multiple health benefits and their future in the global functional food and nutraceuticals market. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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24
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Shao LX, Jiang Q, Liu XX, Gong DM, Yin YX, Wu G, Sun NH, Wang CK, Chen QZ, Yu C, Shi WX, Fan HY, Fukunaga K, Chen Z, Lu YM, Han F. Functional coupling of Tmem74 and HCN1 channels regulates anxiety-like behavior in BLA neurons. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:1461-1477. [PMID: 30886335 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, but their pathogenic mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we report that transmembrane protein 74 (TMEM74), which contains two putative transmembrane domains and exhibits high levels of mRNA in the brain, is closely associated with the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders. TMEM74 was decreased in the serum of patients with anxiety and the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus (BLA) in chronic stress mice. Furthermore, genetic deletion of Tmem74 or selective knockdown of Tmem74 in BLA pyramidal neurons resulted in anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Whole-cell recordings in BLA pyramidal neurons revealed lower hyperpolarization-activated cation current (Ih) and greater input resistance and excitability in Tmem74-/- neurons than in wild-type neurons. Accordingly, surface expression of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated 1 (HCN1) channels was also lower in the BLA of Tmem74-/- mice. The Ih current blocker ZD7288 mimicked these effects in BLA pyramidal neurons in wild-type mice but not in Tmem74-/- mice. Consistent with the improvement in anxiety-like behaviors, Tmem74 overexpression restored HCN1 channel trafficking and pyramidal neuron excitability in the BLA of Tmem74-/- and chronic stress mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that interactions between Tmem74 and HCN1 are physiologically relevant and that transmembrane domain 1 (TM1) is essential for the cellular membrane localization of Tmem74 to enhance Ih. Together, our findings suggest that Tmem74 coupling with HCN1 acts as a critical component in the pathophysiology of anxiety and is a potential target for new treatments of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xiao Shao
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quan Jiang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Mei Gong
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Yin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning-He Sun
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Kun Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao-Zhen Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Xing Shi
- Departments of Pharmaceutical, Administrative, and Basic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kohji Fukunaga
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Zhong Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ying-Mei Lu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China. .,Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Knisely MR, Conley YP, Smoot B, Paul SM, Levine JD, Miaskowski C. Associations Between Catecholaminergic and Serotonergic Genes and Persistent Arm Pain Severity Following Breast Cancer Surgery. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2019; 20:1100-1111. [PMID: 30904518 PMCID: PMC6736756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Persistent arm pain is a common problem after breast cancer surgery. Little is known about genetic factors that contribute to this type of postsurgical pain. Study purpose was to explore associations between persistent arm pain phenotypes and genetic polymorphisms among 15 genes involved in catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission. Women (n = 398) rated the presence and intensity of arm pain monthly for 6 months after breast cancer surgery. Three distinct latent classes of patients were identified (ie, no arm pain [41.6%], mild arm pain (23.6%), and moderate arm pain (34.8%). Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate for differences between genotype or haplotype frequencies and the persistent arm pain classes. Compared with the no arm pain class, 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 1 haplotype, in 4 genes, were associated with membership in the mild arm pain class: COMT rs4633, HTR2A haplotype B02 (composed of rs1923886 and rs7330636), HTR3A rs1985242, and TH rs2070762. Compared with the no arm pain class, 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 3 genes were associated with membership in the moderate arm pain class: COMT rs165656, HTR2A rs2770298 and rs9534511, and HTR3A rs1985242. Findings suggest that variations in catecholaminergic and serotonergic genes play a role in the development of persistent arm pain. PERSPECTIVE: Limited information is available on genetic factors that contribute to persistent arm pain after breast cancer surgery. Genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in catecholaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission were associated with 2 persistent arm pain phenotypes. Findings may be used to identify patients are higher risk for this common pain condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvette P Conley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Betty Smoot
- Schools of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Steven M Paul
- Schools of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jon D Levine
- Schools of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Chae WR, Nagel JM, Kuehl LK, Gold SM, Wingenfeld K, Otte C. Predictors of response and remission in a naturalistic inpatient sample undergoing multimodal treatment for depression. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:99-106. [PMID: 30981062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many depressed patients do not achieve response or remission despite adequate treatment. Identifying predictors of outcome can contribute to developing therapeutic algorithms for difficult-to-treat depression. Therefore, we examined clinical predictors of response and remission in a naturalistic inpatient sample undergoing multimodal treatment for depression. METHODS Three hundred and fifty-one consecutive inpatients admitted to a tertiary care university hospital (specialized psychiatry unit for treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression) between January 2014 and December 2016 were characterized by a set of sociodemographic and clinical variables. The predictive value of these variables for response (≥ 50% decrease from baseline Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score) and remission (MADRS score at discharge < 10) were explored using bivariate analysis and logistic regression. RESULTS Greater symptom severity and fewer psychotropic medications at the time of admission predicted response. Remission rates were higher for patients with non-chronic depression, higher number of previous depressive episodes, fewer psychotropic medications and less severe depression at admission. LIMITATIONS This was a retrospective study without a control group. The sample was drawn from a single inpatient ward specialized for difficult-to-treat depression. CONCLUSIONS Greater baseline depression severity might be a proxy for a less chronic course of depression thereby explaining its association with greater response rates. Fewer episodes in the past and polypharmacy could indicate treatment-resistance and chronicity, contributing to lower remission rates. Therefore, preventing chronicity should be a central aim of depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Ri Chae
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johanna M Nagel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Linn K Kuehl
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan M Gold
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medizinische Klinik m.S. Psychosomatik, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose (INIMS), Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katja Wingenfeld
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Otte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
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Qiao J, Sun Y, Wu J, Wang L. Investigation of the underling mechanism of ketamine for antidepressant effects in treatment-refractory affective disorders via molecular profile analysis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:580-588. [PMID: 31281445 PMCID: PMC6580107 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketamine elicits a rapid antidepressant effect in treatment-refractory affective disorders. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism of this effect and to identify potential targets of ketamine for antidepressant effects. GSE73798 and GSE73799 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in hippocampus or striatum samples treated with ketamine, phencyclidyne or memantine compared with a saline or normal group at 1, 2, 4 and 8 h. The overlapping DEGs were the DEGs in both hippocampus and striatum samples. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and BioCyc databases were used to perform functional annotation and pathway analyses. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) were predicted using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins version 9.1 for the DEGs in the striatum samples treated with ketamine, phencyclidine or memantine compared with normal samples. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine mRNA levels. Perilipin 4 (Plin4), serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (Sgk1), kruppel like factor 2 (Klf2) and DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 12 like 1 (Dcaf12l1) were the overlapping DEGs in the striatum samples treated with the three drugs at different time points. The mRNA expression levels of Plin4, Sgk1 and Klf2 were significantly higher (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression level of Dcaf12l1 was significantly lower in the striatum samples of the ketamine-treated group compared with the control group in an in vivo experiment. Both Sgk1 and Klf2 were enriched in the ‘forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway’, and Sgk1 was additionally enriched in the ‘mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) signaling pathway’. PPI networks of DEGs in the striatum samples treated with ketamine, phencyclidine and memantine compared with normal samples were constructed, and Klf2 was involved in more pairs and was therefore a gene hub in the three networks. The four genes, Plin4, Sgk1, Klf2 and Dcaf12l1, were differentially expressed in all of the groups that treated with the three drugs and their expression levels were verified in in vivo experiments. The FoxO and mTOR signaling pathways may be involved in the underlying mechanism of the antidepressant effects of ketamine, and Plin4, Sgk1, Klf2 and Dcaf12l1 may be potential biomarkers for depression in N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qiao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Jinfang Wu
- Department of Anesthesia Surgery, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Usefulness of COMT gene polymorphisms in North African populations. Gene 2019; 696:186-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Liu Y, Fan P, Zhang S, Wang Y, Liu D. Prioritization and comprehensive analysis of genes related to major depressive disorder. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e659. [PMID: 30968596 PMCID: PMC6565567 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mental health problem in modern society, which is difficult to identify and diagnose in the early stages. Despite strong evidence supporting the heritability of MDD, progresses in large‐scale and individual genetic studies remain preliminary. Methods In this study, a multi‐data source‐based prioritization (MDSP) method was proposed, and an appropriate threshold was determined for the optimization of depression‐related genes (DEPgenes). Analyses on Gene Ontology biological processes, KEGG pathway and the specific pathway crosstalk network were further proposed. Results A total of 143 DEPgenes were identified and the MDD‐specific network was constructed for the pathogenesis investigation and therapeutic methods development of MDD. Comparing with existing research strategies, the genetic optimization and analysis results were confirmed to be reliable. Finally, the pathway enrichment and crosstalk analyses revealed two unique pathway interaction modules that were significantly enriched with MDD genes. The related core pathways of neuroactive ligand‐receptor interaction and dopaminergic synapse supported the neuropathology hypothesis of MDD. And the pathways of serotonergic synapse and morphine addiction indicated the mechanism of drug addiction caused by serotonin used in the treatment. Conclusions This work provided a reference for the study of MDD, although future validation by extensive experimentation is still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- ICUFirst Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinP.R. China
| | - Pengfei Fan
- Organ Transplant CenterTianjin First Central HospitalTianjinP.R. China
| | - Shiyuan Zhang
- ICUFirst Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinP.R. China
| | - Yidan Wang
- Clinical Practice Teaching CenterTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinP.R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Acupuncture DepartmentFirst Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinP.R. China
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Lang Y, Zhang J, Yuan Z. Construction and dissection of the ceRNA‑ceRNA network reveals critical modules in depression. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3411-3420. [PMID: 30864711 PMCID: PMC6471059 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of mental health disorders such as depression is high. Depression is a multifactorial disorder and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulation has been reported to serve important roles in human disease. In the present study, ceRNA networks for depression and the corresponding normal physiological states were constructed. Further analysis of the ceRNA networks revealed that ceRNA regulation may be important for depression. Hub ceRNAs including high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 3, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1β and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor-α were associated with depression. A common core ceRNA network was identified by comparison analysis. Functional analysis suggested that these ceRNAs may be implicated in depression. Differential expression analysis revealed that ceRNAs in the obtained ceRNA interaction networks were significantly enriched with significantly differentially expressed genes. A total of 8 key functional modules for depression were identified, and small target molecules were screened. ceRNA protocadherin-α subfamily C2 in module 1 and ceRNA Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 in module 3 were reported to be implicated in the occurrence and development of depressive disorders. Thus, the present analysis may provide insight into the pathogenesis of depression and improve its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Jingchao Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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Feng L, Li L, Liu W, Yang J, Wang Q, Shi L, Luo M. Prevalence of depression in myocardial infarction: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14596. [PMID: 30813183 PMCID: PMC6407970 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is common in the aftermath of myocardial infarction (MI) and may not only lead to impaired long-term quality of life, but also cause increased mortality among patients with MI. The reported prevalence of depression among patients with MI varied considerably across studies, for which a pooled prevalence was obtained in the only 1 meta-analysis conducted in March 2004. Subsequently, numerous relevant studies have been published, indicating the need for an update on the pooled prevalence. Therefore, this study was aimed at updating the pooled prevalence of depression among patients with MI. METHODS A comprehensive literature search in 3 electronic databases, PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO, was performed in April 2018. The heterogeneity across studies was examined by the Cochran's Q test and quantified by the I statistic. If significant heterogeneity was observed, meta-regression analyses and subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by a funnel plot and verified by the Egger's and Begg's tests. RESULTS Nineteen eligible studies conducted in 10 countries were included, which consisted of 12,315 patients with MI, among whom 3818 were identified with depression. High heterogeneity was observed across the eligible studies (I = 98.4%), with the reported prevalence of depression ranging from 9.17% to 65.88%. The pooled prevalence of depression among patients with MI was 28.70% (95% CI: 22.39-35.46%) by a random effects model. Subgroup analyses showed that the pooled prevalence differed significantly by region, tool used to identify depression, study quality, sex, race, anterior MI, and diabetes status (P < .05). Meta-regression analyses did not identify any moderators of heterogeneity, and the heterogeneity was high within most subgroups. Nonetheless, for unmarried subjects, the heterogeneity was low (I = 19.5). The Egger's test and the Begg's test indicated no evidence of publication bias (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Given the high pooled prevalence of depression found in this study and the association between depression and adverse health outcomes among patients with MI, more psychological resources including early assessment and effective treatment of depression should be allocated to patients with MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Public Security Hospital, Tianjin
| | - Wennan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin
| | - Jianzhou Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin
| | - Le Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Tianjin Beichen District, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingchi Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin
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Family History as an Important Factor for Stratifying Participants in Genetic Studies of Major Depression. Balkan J Med Genet 2018; 21:5-12. [PMID: 30425904 PMCID: PMC6231308 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2018-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is estimated to affect 350 million people worldwide. The World Mental Health Survey conducted in 17 countries found that, on average, about one in 20 people reported having an episode of depression in the previous year. Although depression has been shown to be moderately heritable by studies conducted in the past, the search for its so-called missing heritability has so far been unsuccessful. The difficulty in identifying common genetic variants predisposing to depression could be due to large sample sizes needed to detect small effects on genetic risk and the heterogeneous nature of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of our study was to determine whether there was a connection between a family history of depression in MDD patients and the presence of putative risk variants in the well-studied SLC6A4, COMT and PCLO genes. We analyzed 133 patients with MDD (30.0% with a positive family history for MDD and 70.0% sporadic cases) and compared them to 279 healthy controls. When comparing all the depressed patients to controls, no significant differences in genotype and allele distributions were detected. After stratifying patients according to their family history, the PCLO rs2522833 C allele was shown to be significantly less common in patients with a positive family history (p = 0.001), indicating a possible difference in the genetic structure of MDD between familial and sporadic cases and a less important role of the common genetic risk variants for the development of MDD in familial cases.
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Rivière M, Leroyer A, Ferreira Carreira L, Blanchon T, Plancke L, Melchior M, Younès N. Which work-related characteristics are most strongly associated with common mental disorders? A cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e020770. [PMID: 30082345 PMCID: PMC6078252 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies exploring work-related risk factors of common mental disorders (CMDs), such as major depressive disorder (MDD), generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) or alcohol abuse, have generally focused on a limited set of work characteristics. For the first time in a primary care setting, we examine simultaneously multiple work-related risk factors in relation to CMDs. METHOD We use data from a study of working individuals recruited among 2027 patients of 121 general practitioners (GPs) representative of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in the North of France (April-August 2014). CMDs (MDD; GAD; alcohol abuse) were assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Six worked-related factors were examined (work intensity, emotional demands, autonomy, social relations at work, conflict in values and job insecurity). Several covariates were considered (patient, GP and contextual characteristics). To study the association between workplace risk factors and CMDs, we used multilevel Poisson regression models adjusted for covariates. RESULTS Among study participants, 389 (19.1%) met criteria for MDD, 522 (25.8%) for GAD and 196 (9.7%) for alcohol abuse. In multivariable analyses adjusted for covariates, MDD/GAD was significantly associated with work intensity (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.27) (absolute risk=52.8%), emotional demands (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.35) (absolute risk=54.9%) and social relations at work (RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.87) (absolute risk=15.0%); alcohol abuse was associated with social relations at work (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.53) (absolute risk=7.6%) and autonomy (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.99) (absolute risk=8.9%). CONCLUSIONS Several workplace factors are associated with CMDs among working individuals seen by a GP. These findings confirm the role of organisational characteristics of work as a correlate of psychological difficulties above and beyond other sources of risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Rivière
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013, Paris, France
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Régional, Orléans, France
| | | | | | - Thierry Blanchon
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Plancke
- Regional Federation of Research in Psychiatry and Mental Health Hauts-de-France, Lille, France
| | - Maria Melchior
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75013, Paris, France
| | - Nadia Younès
- EA 40-47 University of Versailles Saint-Quentin, Versailles, France
- Academic Unit of psychiatry for adults, Versailles Hospital, Versailles, France
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Savarese A, Lasek AW. Regulation of anxiety-like behavior and Crhr1 expression in the basolateral amygdala by LMO3. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 92:13-20. [PMID: 29609111 PMCID: PMC5924609 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The LIM domain only protein LMO3 is a transcriptional regulator that has been shown to regulate several behavioral responses to alcohol. Specifically, Lmo3 null (Lmo3Z) mice consume more ethanol in a binge-drinking test and show enhanced ethanol-induced sedation. Due to the high comorbidity of alcohol use and anxiety, we investigated anxiety-like behavior in Lmo3Z mice. Lmo3Z mice spent more time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze compared with their wild-type littermates, but the effect was confounded by reduced locomotor activity. To verify the anxiety phenotype in the Lmo3Z mice, we tested them for novelty-induced hypophagia and found that they also showed reduced anxiety in this test. We next explored the mechanism by which LMO3 might regulate anxiety by measuring mRNA and protein levels of corticotropin releasing factor (encoded by the Crh gene) and its receptor type 1 (Crhr1) in Lmo3Z mice. Reduced Crhr1 mRNA and protein was evident in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) of Lmo3Z mice. To examine whether Lmo3 in the amygdala is important for anxiety-like behavior, we locally reduced Lmo3 expression in the BLA of wild type mice using a lentiviral vector expressing a short hairpin RNA targeting the Lmo3 transcript. Mice with Lmo3 knockdown in the BLA exhibited decreased anxiety-like behavior relative to control mice. These results suggest that Lmo3 promotes anxiety-like behavior specifically in the BLA, possibly by altering Crhr1 expression. This study is the first to support a role for Lmo3 in anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Savarese
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics and Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
| | - Amy W. Lasek
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics and Department of
Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA,Corresponding author: Amy W. Lasek, Ph.D., Department of
Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor St, MC 912,
Chicago, IL 60612, Phone: 312-355-1593,
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Kitzlerová E, Fišar Z, Lelková P, Jirák R, Zvěřová M, Hroudová J, Manukyan A, Martásek P, Raboch J. Interactions Among Polymorphisms of Susceptibility Loci for Alzheimer's Disease or Depressive Disorder. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:2599-2619. [PMID: 29703883 PMCID: PMC5944403 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several genetic susceptibility loci for major depressive disorder (MDD) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been described. Interactions among polymorphisms are thought to explain the differences between low- and high-risk groups. We tested for the contribution of interactions between multiple functional polymorphisms in the risk of MDD or AD. Material/Methods A genetic association case-control study was performed in 68 MDD cases, 84 AD cases (35 of them with comorbid depression), and 90 controls. The contribution of 7 polymorphisms from 5 genes (APOE, HSPA1A, SLC6A4, HTR2A, and BDNF) related to risk of MDD or AD development was analyzed. Results Significant associations were found between MDD and interactions among polymorphisms in HSPA1A, SLC6A4, and BDNF or HSPA1A, BDNF, and APOE genes. For polymorphisms in the APOE gene in AD, significant differences were confirmed on the distributions of alleles and genotype rates compared to the control or MDD. Increased probability of comorbid depression was found in patients with AD who do not carry the ɛ4 allele of APOE. Conclusions Assessment of the interactions among polymorphisms of susceptibility loci in both MDD and AD confirmed a synergistic effect of genetic factors influencing inflammatory, serotonergic, and neurotrophic pathways at these heterogenous complex diseases. The effect of interactions was greater in MDD than in AD. A presence of the ɛ4 allele was confirmed as a genetic susceptibility factor in AD. Our findings indicate a role of APOE genotype in onset of comorbid depression in a subgroup of patients with AD who are not carriers of the APOE ɛ4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kitzlerová
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Fišar
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Lelková
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jirák
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Zvěřová
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hroudová
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ada Manukyan
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Martásek
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Raboch
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Pekcanlar Akay A, Eresen Yazıcıoğlu Ç, Alşen Güney S, Özek Erkuran H, Kızıldağ S, Baykara B, Özyurt G, Yıldırımcan Kadıçeşme Ş, Miral S, İnal Emiroğlu N. Allele frequencies of dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism are associated with methylphenidate response in adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a case control preliminary study. PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2017.1418134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aynur Pekcanlar Akay
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Sevay Alşen Güney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Handan Özek Erkuran
- Deparment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Child Psychiatry Specialist, Dr. Behçet Uz Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sefa Kızıldağ
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burak Baykara
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gonca Özyurt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Katip Çelebi University Medical Faculty, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Süha Miral
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Piel JH, Lett TA, Wackerhagen C, Plichta MM, Mohnke S, Grimm O, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Degenhardt F, Tost H, Witt S, Nöthen M, Rietschel M, Heinz A, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Walter H, Erk S. The effect of 5-HTTLPR and a serotonergic multi-marker score on amygdala, prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex reactivity and habituation in a large, healthy fMRI cohort. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:415-427. [PMID: 29358097 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by low mood for at least two weeks. Impaired emotion regulation has been suggested to be the consequence of dysfunctional serotonergic regulation of limbic and prefrontal regions, especially the amygdala, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The impact of genetic variation on brain function can be investigated with intermediate phenotypes. A suggested intermediate phenotype of MDD is emotion recognition: The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of SLC6A4 as well as other serotonergic genes have been associated with amygdala and prefrontal function during emotion recognition. Previously, it has been suggested that habituation is a more reliable index of emotion recognition than functional activation. We examined the relationship of genes involved in serotonergic signaling with amygdala as well as prefrontal functional activation and habituation during an emotion recognition task in 171 healthy subjects. While effects of 5-HTTLPR and of a serotonergic multi-marker score (5-HTTLPR, TPH1(rs1800532), TPH2(rs4570625), HTR1A(rs6295) and HTR2A(rs6311)) on amygdala activation did not withstand correction for multiple regions of interest, we observed a strong correlation of the multi-marker score and habituation in the amygdala, DLPFC, and ACC. We replicated a well-studied intermediate phenotype for association with 5-HTTLPR and provided additional evidence for polygenic involvement. Furthermore, we showed that task habituation may be influenced by genetic variation in serotonergic signaling, particularly by a serotonergic multi-marker score. We provided preliminary evidence that PFC activation is an important intermediate phenotype of MDD. Future studies are needed to corroborate the results in larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Piel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - T A Lett
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Wackerhagen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - M M Plichta
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Mohnke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - O Grimm
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - N Romanczuk-Seiferth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Degenhardt
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - H Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - A Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - H Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Erk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
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Fischer R, Lee A, Verzijden MN. Dopamine genes are linked to Extraversion and Neuroticism personality traits, but only in demanding climates. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1733. [PMID: 29379052 PMCID: PMC5789008 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18784-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cross-national differences in personality have long been recognized in the behavioural sciences. However, the origins of such differences are debated. Building on reinforcement sensitivity theories and gene-by-environment interactions, we predict that personality trait phenotypes linked to dopaminergic brain functions (centrally involved in reward processing) diverge most strongly in climatically stressful environments, due to shifts in perceived rewards vs risks. Individuals from populations with a highly efficient dopamine system are biased towards behavioural approach traits (Extraversion and Emotional Stability) due to higher perceived reward values, whereas individuals from populations with a less efficient dopaminergic system are biased towards risk avoidance. In temperate climates, we predict smaller phenotypic differences due to overall weakened reward and risk ratios. We calculated a population-level index of dopamine functioning using 9 commonly investigated genetic polymorphisms encoding dopamine transporters and receptors, derived from a meta-analysis with data from 805 independent samples involving 127,685 participants across 73 societies or territories. We found strong support for the dopamine gene by climatic stress interaction: Population genetic differences in dopamine predicted personality traits at the population level in demanding climates, but not in temperate, less demanding climates, even when controlling for known correlates of personality including wealth and parasite stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Fischer
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Anna Lee
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Machteld N Verzijden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics - DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Hall KT, Kossowsky J, Oberlander TF, Kaptchuk TJ, Saul JP, Wyller VB, Fagermoen E, Sulheim D, Gjerstad J, Winger A, Mukamal KJ. Genetic variation in catechol-O-methyltransferase modifies effects of clonidine treatment in chronic fatigue syndrome. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2016; 16:454-60. [PMID: 27457818 PMCID: PMC5028250 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clonidine, an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, decreases circulating norepinephrine and epinephrine, attenuating sympathetic activity. Although catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) metabolizes catecholamines, main effectors of sympathetic function, COMT genetic variation effects on clonidine treatment are unknown. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is hypothesized to result in part from dysregulated sympathetic function. A candidate gene analysis of COMT rs4680 effects on clinical outcomes in the Norwegian Study of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in Adolescents: Pathophysiology and Intervention Trial (NorCAPITAL), a randomized double-blinded clonidine versus placebo trial, was conducted (N=104). Patients homozygous for rs4680 high-activity allele randomized to clonidine took 2500 fewer steps compared with placebo (Pinteraction=0.04). There were no differences between clonidine and placebo among patients with COMT low-activity alleles. Similar gene-drug interactions were observed for sleep (Pinteraction=0.003) and quality of life (Pinteraction=0.018). Detrimental effects of clonidine in the subset of CFS patients homozygous for COMT high-activity allele warrant investigation of potential clonidine-COMT interaction effects in other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn T. Hall
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Joe Kossowsky
- Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
- Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tim F. Oberlander
- Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, and School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia BC
| | - Ted J. Kaptchuk
- Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Program in Placebo Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - J. Philip Saul
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Vegard Bruun Wyller
- Department of Paediatrics, Akershus University Hospital, N-1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Even Fagermoen
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag Sulheim
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Lillehammer County Hospital, Brumunddal, Norway
| | | | - Anette Winger
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Oslo University College of Applied Sciences, Norway
| | - Kenneth J. Mukamal
- Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a disorder that is part of a spectrum of syndromes that lack precise classification. It is often considered as part of the global overview of functional somatic syndromes that are otherwise medically unexplained or part of a somatization disorder. Patients with fibromyalgia share symptoms with other functional somatic problems, including issues of myalgias, arthralgias, fatigue and sleep disturbances. Indeed, there is often diagnostic and classification overlap for the case definitions of a variety of somatization disorders. Fibromyalgia, however, is a critically important syndrome for physicians and scientists to be aware of. Patients should be taken very seriously and provided optimal care. Although inflammatory, infectious, and autoimmune disorders have all been ascribed to be etiological events in the development of fibromyalgia, there is very little data to support such a thesis. Many of these disorders are associated with depression and anxiety and may even be part of what has been sometimes called affected spectrum disorders. There is no evidence that physical trauma, i.e., automobile accidents, is associated with the development or exacerbation of fibromyalgia. Treatment should be placed on education, patient support, physical therapy, nutrition, and exercise, including the use of drugs that are approved for the treatment of fibromyalgia. Treatment should not include opiates and patients should not become poly pharmacies in which the treatment itself can lead to significant morbidities. Patients with fibromyalgia are living and not dying of this disorder and positive outlooks and family support are key elements in the management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea T Borchers
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, 451 Health Sciences Drive, Suite 6510, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Vaht M, Kiive E, Veidebaum T, Harro J. A Functional Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 1 (VMAT1) Gene Variant Is Associated with Affect and the Prevalence of Anxiety, Affective, and Alcohol Use Disorders in a Longitudinal Population-Representative Birth Cohort Study. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 19:pyw013. [PMID: 26861143 PMCID: PMC4966275 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyw013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inter-individual differences in the monoaminergic systems have been shown to moderate the risk for a lifetime history of anxiety, affective, and alcohol use disorders. A common single nucleotide polymorphism in the vesicular monoamine transporter 1 gene (VMAT1 rs1390938 G/A; Thr136Ile) has been reported as functional in vitro and associated with bipolar disorder and anxiety. We aimed at assessing the association between the VMAT1 genotype, affect, and affect-related psychiatric disorders in a longitudinal population-representative study. METHODS We used the database of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (beginning in 1998). Cohorts of initially 9- (recalled at ages 15 and 18 years, n=579) and 15- (recalled at ages 18 and 25 years; n=654) year-old children provided self-reports on impulsivity, anxiety, depressiveness, neuroticism, and alcohol use. In addition, psychiatric assessment based on DSM-IV was carried out in the older cohort at age 25 years. RESULTS Subjects homozygous for the less prevalent A (136Ile) allele reported lower maladaptive impulsivity, state and trait anxiety, depressiveness, and neuroticism and were less likely to have been diagnosed with an affective, anxiety, and/or alcohol use disorder by young adulthood. While in the younger cohort alcohol use started at younger age, this birth cohort effect was dependent on genotype: only G allele carriers and in particular the GG homozygotes started alcohol use earlier. CONCLUSIONS VMAT1 rs1390938/Thr136Ile is associated with mood, personality, and alcohol use in the general population. Subjects homozygous for the "hyperfunction" allele (AA; Ile/Ile) appear to be more resilient to these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariliis Vaht
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences (Ms Vaht and Dr Harro), and Department of Educational Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Education, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia (Dr Kiive); National Institute for Health Development, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia (Dr Veidebaum)
| | - Evelyn Kiive
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences (Ms Vaht and Dr Harro), and Department of Educational Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Education, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia (Dr Kiive); National Institute for Health Development, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia (Dr Veidebaum)
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences (Ms Vaht and Dr Harro), and Department of Educational Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Education, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia (Dr Kiive); National Institute for Health Development, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia (Dr Veidebaum)
| | - Jaanus Harro
- Division of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychology, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences (Ms Vaht and Dr Harro), and Department of Educational Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Education, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia (Dr Kiive); National Institute for Health Development, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia (Dr Veidebaum).
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Carvalho TL, Almeida LMSD, Lorega CMA, Barata MFO, Ferreira MLB, Brito-Marques PRD, Correia CDC. Depression and anxiety in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review. TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2016; 38:1-5. [DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2015-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Studies assessing symptoms of depression and anxiety in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have reported contradictory results. The objective of this systematic review is to identify the prevalence of these mood disorders in the literature. Methods We searched the PubMed, HighWire, MEDLINE, SciELO, LILACS and ScienceDirect databases. Literature was selected for review in two stages, according to eligibility criteria. The first stage involved searching databases and checking titles and abstracts. The second step consisted of reading complete articles and excluding those that did not meet the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were articles written in Portuguese, English or Spanish, published in the last five years and involving people with ALS diagnosed according to the El Escorial criteria. Results The database searches returned a total of 1,135 titles and abstracts and then 1,117 of these were excluded. Eighteen articles were selected for review. The 12-item Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Depression Inventory (ADI-12) was the only instrument designed specifically to assess depression in ALS, but it was only used in three studies. No instruments specifically designed for anxiety in ALS were used. A large number of studies found presence and slight increase of anxiety disorders. There was considerable large variation in the results related to depressive disorders, ranging from moderate depression to an absence of symptoms. Conclusions Patients with ALS may exhibit symptoms of depression and anxiety at different levels, but there is a need for studies using specific instruments with larger samples in order to ascertain the prevalence of symptoms in ALS and the factors associated with it.
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Kim J, Nakamura T, Yamamoto Y. A momentary biomarker for depressive mood. In Silico Pharmacol 2016; 4:4. [PMID: 26979449 PMCID: PMC4792818 DOI: 10.1186/s40203-016-0017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Many biomarkers from genetic, neuroimaging, and biological/biochemical measures have been recently developed in order to make a shift toward the objective evaluation of psychiatric disorders. However, they have so far been less successful in capturing dynamical changes or transitions in pathological states, such as those occurring during the course of clinical treatments or pathogenic processes of disorders. A momentary biomarker is now required for objective monitoring of such dynamical changes. The development of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) allows the assessment of dynamical aspects of diurnal/daily clinical conditions and subjective symptoms. Furthermore, a variety of validation studies on momentary symptoms assessed by EMA using behavioral/physiological/biochemical measures have demonstrated the possibility of evaluating momentary symptoms from such external objective measures. In this review, we introduce physical activity as a candidate biobehavioral biomarker for psychiatric disorders. We also mention its potential as a momentary biomarker for depressive mood. Finally, we address the continuous monitoring of the pathogenic processes and pathological states of depressive disorders based on physical activity, as well as its application in pharmacological animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyuk Kim
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Psychosomatic Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
| | - Toru Nakamura
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Walker RM, Christoforou AN, McCartney DL, Morris SW, Kennedy NA, Morten P, Anderson SM, Torrance HS, Macdonald A, Sussmann JE, Whalley HC, Blackwood DHR, McIntosh AM, Porteous DJ, Evans KL. DNA methylation in a Scottish family multiply affected by bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:5. [PMID: 26798408 PMCID: PMC4721115 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, familial psychiatric condition. Progress in understanding the aetiology of BD has been hampered by substantial phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. We sought to mitigate these confounders by studying a multi-generational family multiply affected by BD and major depressive disorder (MDD), who carry an illness-linked haplotype on chromosome 4p. Within a family, aetiological heterogeneity is likely to be reduced, thus conferring greater power to detect illness-related changes. As accumulating evidence suggests that altered DNA methylation confers risk for BD and MDD, we compared genome-wide methylation between (i) affected carriers of the linked haplotype (ALH) and married-in controls (MIs), (ii) well unaffected haplotype carriers (ULH) and MI, (iii) ALH and ULH and (iv) all haplotype carriers (LH) and MI. RESULTS Nominally significant differences in DNA methylation were observed in all comparisons, with differences withstanding correction for multiple testing when the ALH or LH group was compared to the MIs. In both comparisons, we observed increased methylation at a locus in FANCI, which was accompanied by increased FANCI expression in the ALH group. FANCI is part of the Fanconi anaemia complementation (FANC) gene family, which are mutated in Fanconi anaemia and participate in DNA repair. Interestingly, several FANC genes have been implicated in psychiatric disorders. Regional analyses of methylation differences identified loci implicated in psychiatric illness by genome-wide association studies, including CACNB2 and the major histocompatibility complex. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment for methylation differences in neurologically relevant genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight altered DNA methylation as a potential mechanism by which the linked haplotype might confer risk for mood disorders. Differences in the phenotypic outcome of haplotype carriers might, in part, arise from additional changes in DNA methylation that converge on neurologically important pathways. Further work is required to investigate the underlying mechanisms and functional consequences of the observed differences in methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie May Walker
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Andrea Nikie Christoforou
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Daniel L. McCartney
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Stewart W. Morris
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Nicholas A. Kennedy
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Peter Morten
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Susan Maguire Anderson
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Helen Scott Torrance
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Alix Macdonald
- />Division of Psychiatry, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Heather Clare Whalley
- />Division of Psychiatry, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Douglas H. R. Blackwood
- />Division of Psychiatry, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Andrew Mark McIntosh
- />Division of Psychiatry, The University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- />Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - David John Porteous
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- />Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - Kathryn Louise Evans
- />Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
- />Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
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Graczynska A, Stefano GB. Depression: Evolutionary New Neural Circuitries Are Still Adjusting for Cognition. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2015; 21:213-5. [PMID: 26420361 PMCID: PMC4596351 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.895991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression can be both normal and abnormal, and the balance of its expression determines the behavioral outcome/diagnosis. It is a complex pathophysiology based on a heterogeneous syndrome whose etiology is diverse as well. Within the context of a central nervous system, the nervous system blueprint can be found in single cells (sensory, motor, and integrative processes). These consolidated functions provide for novel coping strategies for survival. The maintenance and evolvement of this system into a central nervous system is based on conserving these functions, including chemical messengers and functionality in having specific cells medi-ate these primordial functions. Additionally, this neural coping strategy provides advantages for DNA. Thus, with different neural cells at work, pathways/networks would evolve, producing more complex behaviors and become a very critical phenomenon for future advances. This evolvement has taken over 1 billion years to de-velop. In so doing, as with any new programming (e.g., cognition), errors will occur. Given the widespread qual-ities of depression, it is surmised that this abnormality, and other psychiatric disorders, may emerge due to in-herent neural weaknesses related to cognition being a recent evolutionary development.
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Rolim-Neto ML, Alves Silva E, Teixeira Júnior AG, de Sousa Cartaxo J, Rolim Lima NN, Nascimento VB, Vieira dos Santos MDS, Lima da Silva CG, Romero de Sousa SI, da Silva Costa L, Nascimento Neto PJ. Bipolar disorder incidence between children and adolescents: A brief communication. J Affect Disord 2015; 172:171-4. [PMID: 25451413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar affective disorder is one of most injurious psychiatric diseases, not, rarely leading patient for suicide, and its prevalence keeps increasing worldwide, notably on low and, middle-income countries. For children living in northeast Brazil, extreme social conditions constitute, an environment of special vulnerability. OBJECTIVE Here we show that bipolar disorder incidence, between children and adolescents in this Brazilian region increased 34.2% from 2005 to 2014 and, in, the same area and age group, deaths provoked by self-caused injuries also became progressively, greater. RESULTS According to DATASUS, the Brazilian national databank for public health, information, in the last five years, we observed an increase of Bipolar Disorder incidence rates under, 19 year-old of about 34.2% in the northeast region of Brazil, while the increase for Brazilian general, population was 12.4%. If considered only patients under 10, this number is even greater, of 47.2%. Content of Table 2 shows this disproportion, while comparing the advance of bipolar disorder, morbidity indices nationwide and worldwide. CONCLUSION Children living in Brazil's northeast, region are in a condition of extreme social disadvantage, what can be determinant for the recent and, sequential increase of bipolar disorder prevalence and the mortality in this age-group due to suicide, one of possible reflections of untreated mood disorders. For protecting these children is important to, identify the factors which prevent these illnesses and promote resilience for these young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Modesto Leite Rolim-Neto
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Cariri, UFCA, Barbalha, Ceara, Brazil.
| | - Elizabeth Alves Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jesus de Sousa Cartaxo
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nádia Nara Rolim Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vânia Barbosa Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria do Socorro Vieira dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Cariri, UFCA, Barbalha, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Gleidiston Lima da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Cariri, UFCA, Barbalha, Ceara, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas da Silva Costa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Cariri, UFCA, Barbalha, Ceara, Brazil
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The Effects of Stress Exposure on Prefrontal Cortex: Translating Basic Research into Successful Treatments for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Neurobiol Stress 2015; 1:89-99. [PMID: 25436222 PMCID: PMC4244027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on the neurobiology of the stress response in animals has led to successful new treatments for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in humans. Basic research has found that high levels of catecholamine release during stress rapidly impair the top-down cognitive functions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), while strengthening the emotional and habitual responses of the amygdala and basal ganglia. Chronic stress exposure leads to dendritic atrophy in PFC, dendritic extension in the amygdala, and strengthening of the noradrenergic (NE) system. High levels of NE release during stress engage low affinity alpha-1 adrenoceptors, (and likely beta-1 adrenoceptors), which rapidly reduce the firing of PFC neurons, but strengthen amygdala function. In contrast, moderate levels of NE release during nonstress conditions engage higher affinity alpha-2A receptors, which strengthen PFC, weaken amygdala, and regulate NE cell firing. Thus, either alpha-1 receptor blockade or alpha-2A receptor stimulation can protect PFC function during stress. Patients with PTSD have signs of PFC dysfunction. Clinical studies have found that blocking alpha-1 receptors with prazosin, or stimulating alpha-2A receptors with guanfacine or clonidine can be useful in reducing the symptoms of PTSD. Placebo-controlled trials have shown that prazosin is helpful in veterans, active duty soldiers and civilians with PTSD, including improvement of PFC symptoms such as impaired concentration and impulse control. Open label studies suggest that guanfacine may be especially helpful in treating children and adolescents who have experienced trauma. Thus, understanding the neurobiology of the stress response has begun to help patients with stress disorders. Research in animals has revealed how prefrontal cortex goes “off-line” during stress. Prefrontal cortical function is protected by α2A-, but impaired by α1-adrenoceptors. Based on this research, α1 blockers and α2A agonists are now in use to treat PTSD.
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