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Navolokin N, Adushkina V, Zlatogorskaya D, Telnova V, Evsiukova A, Vodovozova E, Eroshova A, Dosadina E, Diduk S, Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O. Promising Strategies to Reduce the SARS-CoV-2 Amyloid Deposition in the Brain and Prevent COVID-19-Exacerbated Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:788. [PMID: 38931455 PMCID: PMC11206883 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is associated with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Once it enters the brain, the SARS-CoV-2 virus stimulates accumulation of amyloids in the brain that are highly toxic to neural cells. These amyloids may trigger neurological symptoms in COVID-19. The meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) play an important role in removal of toxins and mediate viral drainage from the brain. MLVs are considered a promising target to prevent COVID-19-exacerbated dementia. However, there are limited methods for augmentation of MLV function. This review highlights new discoveries in the field of COVID-19-mediated amyloid accumulation in the brain associated with the neurological symptoms and the development of promising strategies to stimulate clearance of amyloids from the brain through lymphatic and other pathways. These strategies are based on innovative methods of treating brain dysfunction induced by COVID-19 infection, including the use of photobiomodulation, plasmalogens, and medicinal herbs, which offer hope for addressing the challenges posed by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Navolokin
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Saratov Medical State University, Bolshaya Kazachaya Str. 112, 410012 Saratov, Russia;
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Viktoria Adushkina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Daria Zlatogorskaya
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Valeria Telnova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Arina Evsiukova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Elena Vodovozova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anna Eroshova
- Department of Biotechnology, Leeners LLC, Nagornyi Proezd 3a, 117105 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Elina Dosadina
- Department of Biotechnology, Leeners LLC, Nagornyi Proezd 3a, 117105 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Sergey Diduk
- Department of Biotechnology, Leeners LLC, Nagornyi Proezd 3a, 117105 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
- Research Institute of Carcinogenesis of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115522 Moscow, Russia
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Wilson RS, Yu L, Stewart CC, Bennett DA, Boyle PA. Change in Decision-Making Analysis and Preferences in Old Age. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2023; 78:1659-1667. [PMID: 36856705 PMCID: PMC10561891 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the hypotheses that decision making ability declines in old age and that a higher level of cognitive reserve is associated with a reduced rate of decline. METHODS As part of an ongoing cohort study, 982 older adults without dementia at study enrollment completed measures of purpose in life and cognitive activity which were used as markers of cognitive reserve. At annual intervals thereafter, they completed 6 tests of decision making. RESULTS In a factor analysis of baseline decision making scores, 3 measures (financial/health literacy, financial/health decision making, scam susceptibility) loaded on an "analytic" factor and 3 (temporal discounting small stakes, temporal discounting large stakes, risk aversion) loaded on a "preferences" (for temporal discounting and avoiding risk) factor. During a mean of 4.7 years of follow-up (standard deviation = 2.9), analytic factor scores decreased (mean = 0.042-unit per year, standard error [SE] = 0.006, p < .001) and preferences factor scores increased (mean = 0.021-unit per year, SE = 0.006, p < .001), with a correlation of 0.13 (p < .001) between rates of change. Evidence of an association between cognitive reserve and decision making was mixed with purpose in life related to change in analytic decision making, whereas past (but not current) cognitive activity was related to change in decision making preferences. DISCUSSION Decision making analysis and preferences change over time in late life. Change over time in decision making components is relatively independent and differentially related to age and cognitive reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Wilson
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christopher C Stewart
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patricia A Boyle
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Han SD, Barnes LL, Leurgans S, Yu L, Stewart CC, Lamar M, Glover CM, Bennett DA, Boyle PA. Susceptibility to Scams in Older Black and White Adults. Front Psychol 2021; 12:685258. [PMID: 34322065 PMCID: PMC8311557 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports on racial differences in scam susceptibility have yielded mixed findings, and few studies have examined reasons for any observed race differences. Older Black and White participants without dementia (N = 592) from the Minority Aging Research Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project who completed a susceptibility to scam questionnaire and other measures were matched according to age, education, sex, and global cognition using Mahalanobis distance. In adjusted models, older Black adults were less susceptible to scams than older White adults (Beta = -0.2496, SE = 0.0649, p = 0.0001). Contextual factors did not mediate and affective factors did not moderate this association. Analyses of specific items revealed Black adults had greater knowledge of scam targeting of older adults and were less likely to pick up the phone for unidentified callers. Older Black adults are less susceptible to scams than demographically-matched older White adults, although the reasons remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Duke Han
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sue Leurgans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christopher C Stewart
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Crystal M Glover
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Patricia A Boyle
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States.,Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
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