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Kerminen H, Jyväkorpi S, Urtamo A, Huhtala H, Öhman H, Calvani R, Marzetti E, Pitkälä K, Strandberg T. Performance of the SARC-F, SARC-CalF, and calf circumference for sarcopenia case finding in community-dwelling older adults. Eur Geriatr Med 2024:10.1007/s41999-024-01060-4. [PMID: 39300055 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-024-01060-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We compared the performance of SARC-F, SARC-CalF, calf circumference (CC), and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted CC for sarcopenia case-finding in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS Data of Finnish participants (women/men n = 192/36, mean age (SD) of 76.9 (4.8) years) recruited in the SPRINTT trial (NCT02582138) were used. Sarcopenia was determined as a combination of low muscle function (chair-stand-test) and low appendicular lean mass (ALM) detected by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Associations of case-finding tools with sarcopenia were analysed using ROC curves and logistic regression. RESULTS The rates of probable and confirmed sarcopenia were 95% and 18% in women and 94% and 36% in men, respectively. Performance of CC for sarcopenia (women AUC 0.85 [95% CI 0.78-0.92]/ men 0.85 [95% CI 0.71-1.0]) was superior to that of other tools; (AUC in women/men for SARC-F was 0.57/0.50, for SARC-CalF 0.76/0.79, and for BMI-adjusted CC 0.68/0.66). The best performance was found for a CC cut-off point of ≤ 34 cm in women with sensitivity/specificity 82.4/75.3% and ≤ 36 cm in men with sensitivity/specificity 76.9/87.0%. For each cm decrease in CC, adjusted for age and BMI, there was a 30% increase in the odds of sarcopenia in women (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.09─1.56). Although there was a similar pattern in men, the results did not reach statistical significance (OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.84- 2.14). CONCLUSIONS CC was superior to other tools for sarcopenia case-finding. The best performance was found for a CC cut-off point of ≤ 34 cm in women and ≤ 36 cm in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kerminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, The Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Satu Jyväkorpi
- The National Nutrition Council of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Annele Urtamo
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences (XAMK), Kouvola, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Hanna Öhman
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.Go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.Go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Kaisu Pitkälä
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Strandberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Kim HJ, Kim JY, Kim SH. Performance of calf circumference in identifying sarcopenia in older patients with chronic low back pain: a retrospective cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:674. [PMID: 39127641 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calf circumference is currently recommended as a case-finding marker for sarcopenia, but its usefulness has not been determined in chronic pain conditions. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the predictive performance of calf circumference in diagnosing sarcopenia in older patients with chronic low back pain. METHODS Ambulatory adult patients aged ≥ 65 years with chronic low back pain were enrolled. A diagnosis of sarcopenia was established based on the criteria outlined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019. Patient demographics, pain-related factors, clinical factors, and sarcopenia-related measurements were compared between non-sarcopenic and sarcopenic patients. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of calf circumference with muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. Also, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for calf circumference in predicting sarcopenia was conducted; and area under the curve (AUC) values, along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI), were calculated. RESULTS Data from 592 patients were included in the analysis. Eighty-five patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia (14.3%), 71 of whom had severe sarcopenia (11.9%). A higher prevalence of sarcopenia was observed in female patients (9.0% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.016). After adjusting for age, BMI, and comorbidities, calf circumference correlated positively with muscle mass but not with muscle strength and physical performance. The AUC values for sarcopenia were 0.754 (95% CI = 0.636-0.871, p = 0.001) in males and 0.721 (95% CI = 0.657-0.786, p < 0.001) in females. The cut-offs for calf circumference in predicting sarcopenia were 34 cm (sensitivity 67.1%, specificity 70.6%) in males, and 31 cm (sensitivity 82.5%, specificity 51.5%) in females. CONCLUSIONS Even though sex differences in its predictive value for sarcopenia should be considered, our findings suggest that calf circumference can be used as an indicator for predicting muscle mass and may serve as a potential marker for identifying sarcopenia in older patients with chronic low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hyung Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Weng SE, Huang YW, Tseng YC, Peng HR, Lai HY, Akishita M, Arai H, Hsiao FY, Chen LK. The Evolving Landscape of Sarcopenia in Asia: A Systematic review and meta-analysis following the 2019 Asian working group for sarcopenia (AWGS) diagnostic criteria. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 128:105596. [PMID: 39232423 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia, characterized by age-related loss of muscle mass and function, poses a significant public health concern, particularly in Asia's rapidly aging population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the current epidemiology of sarcopenia in Asia using the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) diagnostic criteria. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane were systematically searched for studies published until December 7, 2023, involving older adults aged ≥ 60 years diagnosed with sarcopenia using the 2019 AWGS criteria in Asia. Study quality was assessed, and meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia, and severe sarcopenia. RESULTS A total of 140 studies, collectively involving 156,325 participants (67.1 % community-dwelling older adults with the minimum age for participant inclusion ranging from 60 to 80 years) from various Asian countries, were included. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults was 16.5 % (95 % CI: 14.7 %-18.4 %). Notably, the prevalence of possible sarcopenia was higher at 28.7 % (95 % CI: 22.0 %-36.5 %), while severe sarcopenia had a lower prevalence of 4.4 % (95 % CI: 3.3 %-5.8 %). Subgroup analyses revealed variations in sarcopenia prevalence based on diagnostic modalities, ranging from 7.5 % (95 % CI: 6.0 %-9.4 %) for assessments using bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, gait speed, chair stand and short physical performance battery, to 20.8 % (95 % CI: 18.9 %-23.0 %) when using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry coupled with muscle strength and physical performance measures. CONCLUSION This comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis highlights the substantial burden of sarcopenia among older adults in Asia, underscoring the need for early identification and intervention strategies to mitigate its adverse consequences on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-En Weng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ru Peng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yu Lai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fei-Yuan Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Liang-Kung Chen
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital (Managed by Taipei Veterans General Hospital), Taiwan.
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Ahn S, Sung Y, Song W. Machine Learning-Based Identification of Diagnostic Biomarkers for Korean Male Sarcopenia Through Integrative DNA Methylation and Methylation Risk Score: From the Korean Genomic Epidemiology Study (KoGES). J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e200. [PMID: 38978487 PMCID: PMC11231442 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia, characterized by a progressive decline in muscle mass, strength, and function, is primarily attributable to aging. DNA methylation, influenced by both genetic predispositions and environmental exposures, plays a significant role in sarcopenia occurrence. This study employed machine learning (ML) methods to identify differentially methylated probes (DMPs) capable of diagnosing sarcopenia in middle-aged individuals. We also investigated the relationship between muscle strength, muscle mass, age, and sarcopenia risk as reflected in methylation profiles. METHODS Data from 509 male participants in the urban cohort of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study_Health Examinee study were categorized into quartile groups based on the sarcopenia criteria for appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) and handgrip strength (HG). To identify diagnostic biomarkers for sarcopenia, we used recursive feature elimination with cross validation (RFECV), to pinpoint DMPs significantly associated with sarcopenia. An ensemble model, leveraging majority voting, was utilized for evaluation. Furthermore, a methylation risk score (MRS) was calculated, and its correlation with muscle strength, function, and age was assessed using likelihood ratio analysis and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Participants were classified into two groups based on quartile thresholds: sarcopenia (n = 37) with ASMI and HG in the lowest quartile, and normal ranges (n = 48) in the highest. In total, 238 DMPs were identified and eight probes were selected using RFECV. These DMPs were used to build an ensemble model with robust diagnostic capabilities for sarcopenia, as evidenced by an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.94. Based on eight probes, the MRS was calculated and then validated by analyzing age, HG, and ASMI among the control group (n = 424). Age was positively correlated with high MRS (coefficient, 1.2494; odds ratio [OR], 3.4882), whereas ASMI and HG were negatively correlated with high MRS (ASMI coefficient, -0.4275; OR, 0.6521; HG coefficient, -0.3116; OR, 0.7323). CONCLUSION Overall, this study identified key epigenetic markers of sarcopenia in Korean males and developed a ML model with high diagnostic accuracy for sarcopenia. The MRS also revealed significant correlations between these markers and age, HG, and ASMI. These findings suggest that both diagnostic models and the MRS can play an important role in managing sarcopenia in middle-aged populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seohyun Ahn
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sport Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yunho Sung
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sport Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wook Song
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sport Science, Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim S, Wang S, Kang DW, Um YH, Yoon HM, Lee S, Choe YS, Kim REY, Kim D, Lee CU, Lim HK. Development of a prediction model for cognitive impairment of sarcopenia using multimodal neuroimaging in non-demented older adults. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:4868-4878. [PMID: 38889242 PMCID: PMC11247690 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite prior research on the association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment in the elderly, a comprehensive model that integrates various brain pathologies is still lacking. METHODS We used data from 528 non-demented older adults with or without sarcopenia in the Catholic Aging Brain Imaging (CABI) database, containing magnetic resonance imaging scans, positron emission tomography scans, and clinical data. We also measured three key components of sarcopenia: skeletal muscle index (SMI), hand grip strength (HGS), and the five times sit-to-stand test (5STS). RESULTS All components of sarcopenia were significantly correlated with global cognitive function, but cortical thickness and amyloid-beta (Aβ) retention had distinctive relationships with each measure. In the path model, brain atrophy resulting in cognitive impairment was mediated by Aβ retention for SMI and periventricular white matter hyperintensity for HGS, but directly affected by the 5STS. DISCUSSION Treatments targeting each sub-domain of sarcopenia should be considered to prevent cognitive decline. HIGHLIGHTS We identified distinct impacts of three sarcopenia measures on brain structure and Aβ. Muscle mass is mainly associated with Aβ and has an influence on the brain atrophy. Muscle strength linked with periventricular WMH and brain atrophy. Muscle function associated with cortical thinning in specific brain regions. Interventions on sarcopenia may be important to ease cognitive decline in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwan Kim
- Department of PsychiatryYeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sheng‐Min Wang
- Department of PsychiatryYeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kang
- Department of PsychiatrySeoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yoo Hyun Um
- Department of PsychiatrySt. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Han Min Yoon
- Department of RehabilitationYeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Department of PsychiatryBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Regina EY Kim
- Research InstituteNeurophet Inc.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Kim
- Research InstituteNeurophet Inc.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Chang Uk Lee
- Department of PsychiatrySeoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kook Lim
- Department of PsychiatryYeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
- CMC Institute for Basic Medical Sciencethe Catholic Medical Center of The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
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Lawongsa K, Tepakorn J. Sarcopenia Prevalence and Risk Factors Among Older Adults in Bangkok, Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e63483. [PMID: 39081419 PMCID: PMC11288474 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia among older Thai adults residing in Bangkok and identify associated risk factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study included Thai adults aged ≥60 years. All participants underwent assessments using the Yubi-wakka test, anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength tests, and physical performance evaluations. Information on demographic characteristics, chronic health conditions, nutritional status, and medication use was also collected. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. Statistical analyses were performed using the independent t-test, Chi-square test, and logistic regression to identify risk factors. RESULTS Among the 600 participants, the overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 19%. The multivariate analysis identified 13 significant risk factors associated with sarcopenia, including age ≥75 years (odds ratio [OR]=10.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.7-30.2), higher education level (year) (OR=0.85, 95% CI=0.74-0.98), lower income level (OR=5.4, 95% CI=1.4-21.4), Barthel index <90 (OR=11.0, 95% CI=3.5-34.5), lower body mass index (OR=0.7, 95% CI=0.6-0.8), low calf circumference (OR=7.6, 95% CI=2.5-23.3), fall in the past year (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.4-6.6), frailty (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.1-4.5), malnutrition (OR=3.5, 95% CI=1.3-9.3), history of stroke (OR=7.5, 95% CI=1.3-41.4), vitamin D deficiency (OR=9.4, 95% CI=1.1-82.5), knee osteoarthritis (OR=6.3, 95% CI=1.57-25.31), and malignancy (OR=4.8, 95% CI=1.01-22.70). CONCLUSION This study evaluated the sarcopenia status across a diverse demographic of older Thai adults using comprehensive assessments, and examined the impact of socioeconomic factors and various chronic conditions on the occurrence of sarcopenia.
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Liu D, Wang S, Liu S, Wang Q, Che X, Wu G. Frontiers in sarcopenia: Advancements in diagnostics, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101270. [PMID: 38583268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The onset of sarcopenia is intimately linked with aging, posing significant implications not only for individual patient quality of life but also for the broader societal healthcare framework. Early and accurate identification of sarcopenia and a comprehensive understanding of its mechanistic underpinnings and therapeutic targets paramount to addressing this condition effectively. This review endeavors to present a cohesive overview of recent advancements in sarcopenia research and diagnosis. We initially delve into the contemporary diagnostic criteria, specifically referencing the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 2 and Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 benchmarks. Additionally, we elucidate comprehensive assessment techniques for muscle strength, quantity, and physical performance, highlighting tools such as grip strength, chair stand test, dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), gait speed, and short physical performance battery (SPPB), while also discussing their inherent advantages and limitations. Such diagnostic advancements pave the way for early identification and unequivocal diagnosis of sarcopenia. Proceeding further, we provide a deep-dive into sarcopenia's pathogenesis, offering a thorough examination of associated signaling pathways like the Myostatin, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), insulin/IGF-1 Signaling (IIS), and the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways. Each pathway's role in sarcopenia mediation is detailed, underscoring potential therapeutic target avenues. From a mechanistic perspective, the review also underscores the pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia, emphasizing elements such as mitochondrial oxidative overload, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitophagy, and highlighting their therapeutic significance. At last, we capture recent strides made in sarcopenia treatment, ranging from nutritional and exercise interventions to potential pharmacological and supplementation strategies. In sum, this review meticulously synthesizes the latest scientific developments in sarcopenia, aiming to enhance diagnostic precision in clinical practice and provide comprehensive insights into refined mechanistic targets and innovative therapeutic interventions, ultimately contributing to optimized patient care and advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dequan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Shijin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiangyu Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
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Ra Y, Chang I, Kim J. Discriminant analysis of ecological factors influencing sarcopenia in older people in South Korea. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1346315. [PMID: 38864021 PMCID: PMC11165097 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1346315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the ecological system factors that influence discrimination of sarcopenia among older individuals living in contemporary society. Data analysis included information from 618 older adults individuals aged 65 years or older residing in South Korea. To assess variations in ecological system factors related to SARC-F scores, we conducted correlation analysis and t-tests. Discriminant analysis was used to identify factors contributing to group discrimination. The key findings are summarized as follows. First, significant differences at the p < 0.001 level were observed between the SARC-F score groups in various aspects, including attitudes toward life, wisdom in life, health management, social support, media availability, sports environment, collectivist values, and values associated with death. Further, service environment differences were significant at p < 0.01 level, while social belonging and social activities exhibited significance at p < 0.05. Second, factors influencing group discrimination based on the SARC-F scores were ranked in the following order: health management, attitudes toward life, fear of own death, wisdom in life, physical environment, sports environment, media availability, social support, fear of the own dying, collectivist values, service environment, social activities, and social belonging. Notably, the SARC-F tool, which is used for sarcopenia discrimination, primarily concentrates on physical functioning and demonstrates relatively low sensitivity. Therefore, to enhance the precision of sarcopenia discrimination within a score-based group discrimination process, it is imperative to incorporate ecological system factors that exert a significant influence. These modifications aimed to enhance the clarity and precision of the text in an academic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonho Ra
- Institute of Human Convergence Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ikyoung Chang
- Department of Sport Coaching, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoun Kim
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Kim SH, Hong CH, Shin MJ, Kim KU, Park TS, Park JY, Shin YB. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of Sarcopenia in older adult patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cross-sectional and follow-up study. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:219. [PMID: 38698380 PMCID: PMC11067242 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between sarcopenia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been increasingly reported, and there is some overlap regarding their clinical features and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) strategies. No Korean study has reported the actual prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with stable COPD who are recommended for pulmonary rehabilitation. This study evaluated the prevalence and clinical features of sarcopenia in older adult outpatients with stable COPD and the changes after 6 months. METHODS In this cross-sectional and 6-month follow-up study, we recruited 63 males aged ≥ 65 diagnosed with stable COPD. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the AWGS 2019 criteria, which included hand grip strength testing, bioelectrical impedance analysis, Short Physical Performance Battery administration, and Strength, Assistance with walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, and Falling screening tool administration. A 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) was conducted, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP and MEP, respectively) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were assessed, and patient-reported questionnaires were administered. RESULTS At baseline, 14 (22%) patients were diagnosed with possible sarcopenia, and eight (12.6%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. There were significant differences in the age; body mass index; Body mass index, airflow Obstruction, Dyspnea, and Exercise index; modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scores; and International Physical Activity Questionnaire scores between the normal and sarcopenia groups. Whole-body phase angle, MIP, MEP, PEF, and 6-minute walk distance (6 MWD) also showed significant differences. Over 6 months, the proportion of patients with a reduced FEV1 increased; however, the proportion of patients with sarcopenia did not increase. CONCLUSION A relatively low prevalence of sarcopenia was observed in older adult outpatients with stable COPD. No significant change in the prevalence of sarcopenia was found during the 6-month follow-up period. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered with the Clinical Research Information Service (KCT0006720). Registration date: 30/07/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Hui Hong
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jun Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Uk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sung Park
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yong Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Park TS, Shin MJ. Comprehensive Assessment of Lower Limb Function and Muscle Strength in Sarcopenia: Insights from the Sit-to-Stand Test. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2024; 28:1-8. [PMID: 38325818 PMCID: PMC10982452 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.23.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The sit-to-stand test is an essential tool used to assess lower limb function and muscle strength in older adults and various patient populations, and also plays a role in sarcopenia screening. Among its forms, the five-time sit-to-stand test (FTSST) is widely used, with previous studies suggesting cutoff values of >10 seconds and >11 seconds for the sitting-to-standing and standing-to-sitting transitions, respectively. The 30-second and 1-minute sit-to-stand tests (30STS and 1MSTS, respectively) also provide comprehensive assessments. While much of the current research on sarcopenia focuses on the FTSST, there is a burgeoning need for an in-depth exploration of the 30STS and 1MSTS. Studies on these tests are vital to refine the criteria for sarcopenia, establish accurate cutoff values, and enhance diagnostic precision and treatment effectiveness. This need highlights the importance of further research into the 30STS and 1MSTS for refining the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sung Park
- Department of Convergence Medical Institute of Technology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jun Shin
- Department of Convergence Medical Institute of Technology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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11
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Ho HY, Chen YH, Lo CJ, Tang HY, Chang SW, Fan CM, Ho YH, Lin G, Chiu CY, Lin CM, Cheng ML. Combined Plasma DHA-Containing Phosphatidylcholine PCaa C38:6 and Tetradecanoyl-Carnitine as an Early Biomarker for Assessing the Mortality Risk among Sarcopenic Patients. Nutrients 2024; 16:611. [PMID: 38474739 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The coming of the hyper-aged society in Taiwan prompts us to investigate the relationship between the metabolic status of sarcopenic patients and their most adverse outcome-death. We studied the association between any plasma metabolites and the risk for mortality among older Taiwanese sarcopenic patients. We applied a targeted metabolomic approach to study the plasma metabolites of adults aged ≥65 years, and identified the metabolic signature predictive of the mortality of sarcopenic patients who died within a 5.5-year follow-up period. Thirty-five sarcopenic patients who died within the follow-up period (Dead cohort) had shown a specific plasma metabolic signature, as compared with 54 patients who were alive (Alive cohort). Only 10 of 116 non-sarcopenic individuals died during the same period. After multivariable adjustment, we found that sex, hypertension, tetradecanoyl-carnitine (C14-carnitine), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-containing phosphatidylcholine diacyl (PCaa) C38:6 and C40:6 were important risk factors for the mortality of sarcopenic patients. Low PCaa C38:6 levels and high C14-carnitine levels correlated with an increased mortality risk; this was even the same for those patients with hypertension (HTN). Our findings suggest that plasma PCaa C38:6 and acylcarnitine C14-carnitine, when combined, can be a better early biomarker for evaluating the mortality risk of sarcopenia patients.
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Grants
- BMRP819, BMRP564, CMRPD1L0161, CMRPD1L0162, CMRPD1M0351, CMRPD1J0263, CMRPD1M0341 and CLRPG3K0023 Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
- 110-2320-B-182-017-MY3 and 111-2320-B-182-011 National Science and Technology Council (Taiwan region)
- EMRPD1K0441, EMRPD1K0481, and EMRPD1L0421 Ministry of Education (Taiwan region)
- MOST 111-2634-F-182-001 The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE)(Taiwan region) and the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC)(Taiwan region)
- CMRPD1M0352, CMRPD1N0151, CMRPD1M0342, CMRPD1N0071,112-2320-B-182-020-MY3 Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yao Ho
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ho Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jen Lo
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Tang
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Su-Wei Chang
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, College of Intelligent Computing, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Fan
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Ho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Chiu
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Lin
- Division of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taipei, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Department of Health Management, Chang Gung Health and Culture Village, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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12
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Qian S, Zhang S, Lu M, Chen S, Liu L, Liu S, Jiang F, Zhang J. The accuracy of screening tools for sarcopenia in older Chinese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1310383. [PMID: 38375338 PMCID: PMC10876058 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1310383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This review aimed to analyze and compare the accuracy of eight screening tools for sarcopenia in older Chinese adults according to different diagnostic criteria. Methods This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases were searched between the publication of the first expert consensus on sarcopenia in 2010 and April 2023 using relevant MeSH terms. We evaluated the risk bias of the included studies using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. The pooled result of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and plot the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) were calculated by using a bivariate random-effects model. The accuracies of sensitivity and specificity of the screening tools were compared using the Z-test. Results A total of 30 studies (23,193 participants) were included, except for calf circumference (CC), Ishii, and Finger-ring Test; Screening tools for sarcopenia in older Chinese adults have consistently shown low to moderate sensitivity and moderate to high specificity. Regional and sex differences affect the accuracy of the screening tools. In terms of sensitivity and specificity, the CC, Ishii, and Finger-ring Test were superior to the other screening tools. Conclusion The Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria are more appropriate for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in older Chinese adults. According to the AWGS 2019, CC and Ishii are recommended for sarcopenia screening in older Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Qian
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqing Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengchen Lu
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhang Chen
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyao Liu
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Fanglin Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jisheng Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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13
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Ji S, Jung HW, Baek JY, Jang IY, Lee E. Sarcopenia as the Mobility Phenotype of Aging: Clinical Implications. J Bone Metab 2024; 31:1-12. [PMID: 38485236 PMCID: PMC10940105 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2024.31.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, which is characterized by an age-related decline in muscle mass and function, poses significant challenges to geriatric care. Its definition has evolved from muscle-specific criteria to include muscle mass, muscle function, and physical performance, recognizing sarcopenia as a physical frailty. Sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes, including mortality, falls, fractures, cognitive decline, and admission to long-term care facilities. Neuromechanical factors, protein-energy balance, and muscle protein synthesis-breakdown mechanisms contribute to its pathophysiology. The identification of sarcopenia involves screening tests and a comprehensive assessment of muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Clinical approaches aligned with the principles of comprehensive geriatric assessment prioritize patient-centered care. This assessment aids in identifying issues related to activities of daily living, cognition, mood, nutrition, and social support, alongside other aspects. The general approach to factors underlying muscle loss and functional decline in patients with sarcopenia includes managing chronic diseases and evaluating administered medications, with interventions including exercise and nutrition, as well as evolving pharmacological options. Ongoing research targeting pathways, such as myostatin-activin and exercise mimetics, holds promise for pharmacological interventions. In summary, sarcopenia requires a multifaceted approach, acknowledging its complex etiology and tailoring interventions to individual patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwan Ji
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Won Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Young Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunju Lee
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Ji S, Baek JY, Lee E, Jang IY, Jung HW. Phenotype validation of the Korean working group on sarcopenia guideline. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105251. [PMID: 37956586 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to validate the proposed Korean Working Group on Sarcopenia (KWGS) guideline, which introduces the concept of functional sarcopenia, in older Korean adults. METHODS Data from the Aging Study of Pyeongchang Rural Area, a longitudinal cohort of community-dwelling older adults, were utilized to compare frailty status and institutionalization-free survival among participants according to sarcopenia status. Based on the KWGS guideline, severe sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass and strength with slow gait speed; sarcopenia (not severe) was defined as low muscle mass with low muscle strength or slow gait speed; and functional sarcopenia was defined as low muscle strength and slow gait speed without low muscle mass. RESULTS Among the 1302 participants, 329 (25.3 %) had severe sarcopenia, 147 (11.3 %) had sarcopenia (not severe), and 277 (21.3 %) had functional sarcopenia. Frailty was significantly greater in participants with any phenotype of sarcopenia than in those without sarcopenia. Additionally, participants with functional sarcopenia were frailer than those with sarcopenia (not severe). Furthermore, the rates of institutionalization and mortality were higher in participants with any phenotype of sarcopenia than in those without sarcopenia. There was no statistical difference between the rates of sarcopenia (not severe) and those with functional sarcopenia. These findings remained consistent after adjusting for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Each phenotype according to the KWGS guideline was associated with significantly greater frailty and increased risk of institutionalization and mortality. Functional sarcopenia was associated with greater frailty and had comparable prognosis with sarcopenia (not severe).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghwan Ji
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunju Lee
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Young Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Won Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Xiong Y, Jiang X, Zhong Q, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Liu Z, Wang X. Possible sarcopenia and risk of chronic kidney disease: a four-year follow-up study and Mendelian randomization analysis. Endocr Res 2024; 49:165-178. [PMID: 38739204 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2024.2353842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common risk factor for sarcopenia. However, whether sarcopenia increases the risk of CKD remains unclear. To investigate the longitudinal and causal associations between possible sarcopenia and CKD, this study was performed. METHODS Possible sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019. Participants aged ≥ 40 years were recruited from the baseline survey of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and followed up for four years. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between possible sarcopenia, low muscle strength, low physical performance and CKD. Propensity score matching was used to balance the intergroup differences. Subgroup and interactive analyses were adopted to identify potential interactive effects. Mendelian Randomization analysis was used to assess the causal association between appendicular lean mass (ALM) and CKD. RESULTS After data cleansing, a total of 7296 participants were included in the baseline survey. In the cross-sectional analyses, the odds ratios (ORs) of prevalent CKD were 1.50 (95% CI = 1.23-1.84, p < 0.001) for possible sarcopenia, 1.37 (95% CI = 1.10-1.70, p < 0.01) for low muscle strength and 1.42 (95% CI = 1.16-1.74, p < 0.001) for low physical performance in the full models. No significant interaction effects of covariates were detected (all P for interaction > 0.05). After four years of follow-up, an increased risk of incident CKD was also observed in participants with possible sarcopenia (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.13-2.44, p = 0.010) and low physical performance (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.16-2.45, p = 0.006), but not in participants with low muscle strength (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.75-1.88, p = 0.469). In the Mendelian Randomization analysis, the inverse variance weighted estimator showed that a 1-standard deviation increase of genetically predicted ALM was associated with a lower risk of CKD (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85-0.99, p = 0.035). All the sensitivity analyses supported the main findings. CONCLUSIONS Possible sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for CKD and may serve as a predictor of CKD for early identification and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiong
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yangchang Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xianding Wang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Kidney Transplant Center, Transplant Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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16
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Kim M, Kim D, Kang H, Park S, Kim S, Yoo JI. A machine learning model for prediction of sarcopenia in patients with Parkinson's Disease. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296282. [PMID: 38165980 PMCID: PMC10760706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have an increased risk of sarcopenia which is expected to negatively affect gait, leading to poor clinical outcomes including falls. In this study, we investigated the gait patterns of patients with PD with and without sarcopenia (sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups, respectively) using an app-derived program and explored if gait parameters could be utilized to predict sarcopenia based on machine learning. METHODS Clinical and sarcopenia profiles were collected from patients with PD at Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stage ≤ 2. Sarcopenia was defined based on the updated criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The gait patterns of the patients with and without sarcopenia were recorded and analyzed using a smartphone application. The random forest model was applied to predict sarcopenia in patients with PD. RESULTS Data from 38 patients with PD were obtained, among which 9 (23.7%) were with sarcopenia. Clinical parameters were comparable between the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups. Among various clinical and gait parameters, the average range of motion of the hip joint showed the highest association with sarcopenia. Based on the random forest algorithm, the combined difference in knee and ankle angles from standing still before walking to the maximum angle during walking (Kneeankle_diff), the difference between the angle when standing still before walking and the maximum angle during walking for the ankle (Ankle_dif), and the min angle of the hip joint (Hip_min) were the top three features that best predict sarcopenia. The accuracy of this model was 0.949. CONCLUSIONS Using smartphone app and machine learning technique, our study revealed gait parameters that are associated with sarcopenia and that help predict sarcopenia in PD. Our study showed potential application of advanced technology in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyeong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Doeon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Heeyoung Kang
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, South Korea
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Seongjin Park
- Department of Data Analysis, Korea Expressway Corporation, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Shinjune Kim
- Department of Biomedical Research Institute, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Il Yoo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
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17
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Liang C, Shi L, Li B, He Z. The Mediating Role of Sarcopenia in the Association between Physical Activity and Falls among Chinese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3146. [PMID: 38132036 PMCID: PMC10743279 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity and sarcopenia are potentially modifiable risk factors for falls in older adults, but the strength of the association between physical activity (PA), sarcopenia, and falls in Chinese older adults is unclear. This study sought to investigate the potential mediation mechanism relationship in the connection between PA, sarcopenia, including its elements (muscle strength, physical performance, and skeletal muscle mass), and falls among Chinese older people. The subjects were 3592 community-dwelling Chinese aged 60 or over, selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). PA was evaluated through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and sarcopenia was determined through the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 guidelines. We employed logistic regression to explore the link between physical activity, sarcopenia, and falls. Additionally, we applied Karlson, Holm and Breen's (KHB) method to estimate two different mediation models. The results demonstrated that PA lowers the risk of falls [odds ratio (OR) 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48-0.61], whereas sarcopenia increases the risk of falls (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.16-1.55). Sarcopenia mediated the association between PA and falls, explaining a total of 2.69% of the association (indirect effect = -0.02). PA also had a significant mediating effect on the association between sarcopenia and falls, explaining a total of 20.12% of the association (indirect effect = 0.06). The proportion mediated by sarcopenia was 2.69% for PA and falls (indirect effect = -0.02). Our findings suggest that PA and sarcopenia have a direct effect on falls as well as an indirect effect through each other. Enhancing PA levels and preventing sarcopenia may help prevent falls in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lei Shi
- Sports Centre, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (C.L.); (B.L.); (Z.H.)
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18
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Jun SH, Lee JW, Shin WK, Lee SY, Kim Y. Association between plant protein intake and grip strength in Koreans aged 50 years or older: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2018. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:969-983. [PMID: 37780214 PMCID: PMC10522807 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.5.969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We investigated the association of plant and animal protein intake with grip strength in Koreans aged ≥ 50 yrs. SUBJECTS/METHODS The data was collected from 3,610 men and 4,691 women (≥ 50 yrs) from the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We calculated the total energy intake, and the intake of animal and plant protein and collected dietary data using 1-day 24-h dietary recalls. Low grip strength (LGS) was defined as the lowest quintile (men: up to 26.8 kg, women: up to 15.7 kg). The association of protein intake with grip strength was examined using Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS The results proved that participants with LGS had lower daily energy, protein and fat intake, and percent energy from protein than those with normal or high grip strength (P < 0.0001). Total energy intake, animal protein, and plant protein were positively associated with grip strength. A higher intake of total plant protein (P for trend = 0.004 for men, 0.05 for women) and legumes, nuts, and seeds (LNS) protein (P for trend = 0.01 for men, 0.02 for women) was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of LGS. However, non-LNS plant protein intake was not associated with LGS (P for trend = 0.10 for men, 0.15 for women). In women, a higher total animal protein intake was significantly associated with decreased LGS (P for trend = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Higher total plant protein and LNS protein intake are negatively associated with LGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook-Hyun Jun
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Sustainable Living System, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jung Woo Lee
- BK21 FOUR Research & Education Center for Sustainable Living System, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Woo-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung-Yeon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Nutrition Sciences, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Yookyung Kim
- Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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19
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Turimov Mustapoevich D, Kim W. Machine Learning Applications in Sarcopenia Detection and Management: A Comprehensive Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2483. [PMID: 37761680 PMCID: PMC10531485 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This extensive review examines sarcopenia, a condition characterized by a loss of muscle mass, stamina, and physical performance, with a particular emphasis on its detection and management using contemporary technologies. It highlights the lack of global agreement or standardization regarding the definition of sarcopenia and the various techniques used to measure muscle mass, stamina, and physical performance. The distinctive criteria employed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGSOP) for diagnosing sarcopenia are examined, emphasizing potential obstacles in comparing research results across studies. The paper delves into the use of machine learning techniques in sarcopenia detection and diagnosis, noting challenges such as data accessibility, data imbalance, and feature selection. It suggests that wearable devices, like activity trackers and smartwatches, could offer valuable insights into sarcopenia progression and aid individuals in monitoring and managing their condition. Additionally, the paper investigates the potential of blockchain technology and edge computing in healthcare data storage, discussing models and systems that leverage these technologies to secure patient data privacy and enhance personal health information management. However, it acknowledges the limitations of these models and systems, including inefficiencies in handling large volumes of medical data and the lack of dynamic selection capability. In conclusion, the paper provides a comprehensive summary of current sarcopenia research, emphasizing the potential of modern technologies in enhancing the detection and management of the condition while also highlighting the need for further research to address challenges in standardization, data management, and effective technology use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wooseong Kim
- Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea;
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Lee Y, Son S, Kim DK, Park MW. Association of Diaphragm Thickness and Respiratory Muscle Strength With Indices of Sarcopenia. Ann Rehabil Med 2023; 47:307-314. [PMID: 37644714 PMCID: PMC10475812 DOI: 10.5535/arm.23081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, diaphragm thickness (DT), and indices of sarcopenia. METHODS This study included 45 healthy elderly volunteers (21 male and 24 female) aged 65 years or older. Sarcopenia indices, including hand grip strength (HGS) and body mass index-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM/BMI), were measured using a hand grip dynamometer and bioimpedance analysis, respectively. Calf circumference (CC) and gait speed were also measured. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were obtained using a spirometer, as a measure of respiratory muscle strength. DT was evaluated through ultrasonography. The association between indices of sarcopenia, respiratory muscle strength, and DT was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation test, and univariate and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS ASM/BMI (r=0.609, p<0.01), CC (r=0.499, p<0.01), HGS (r=0.759, p<0.01), and gait speed (r=0.319, p<0.05) were significantly correlated with DT. In the univariate linear regression analysis, MIP was significantly associated with age (p=0.003), DT (p<0.001), HGS (p=0.002), CC (p=0.013), and gait speed (p=0.026). MEP was significantly associated with sex (p=0.001), BMI (p=0.033), ASM/BMI (p=0.003), DT (p<0.001), HGS (p<0.001), CC (p=0.001) and gait speed (p=0.004). In the multiple linear regression analysis, age (p=0.001), DT (p<0.001), and ASM/BMI (p=0.008) showed significant association with MIP. DT (p<0.001) and gait speed (p=0.050) were associated with MEP. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that respiratory muscle strength is associated with DT and indices of sarcopenia. Further prospective studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yookyung Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Sunhan Son
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Myung Woo Park
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Barreto de Lima A, Dos Santos Ribeiro G, Henriques-Neto D, Rúbio Gouveia É, Baptista F. Diagnostic performance of SARC-F and SARC-CalF in screening for sarcopenia in older adults in Northern Brazil. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11698. [PMID: 37474595 PMCID: PMC10359260 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To compare the performance of SARC-F and SARC-CalF as screening tools for sarcopenia. Cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 312 community-dwelling older people. Sarcopenia was defined as low handgrip strength (HGS) or low gait speed (GS ≤ 0.8 m/s). HGS was measured by dynamometry and GS by the 4-m walking speed test. For HGS, six criteria (C) were used to identify sarcopenia in men/women: CI: < 27 kg/16 kg; CII: < 35.5 kg/20.0 kg; CIII: grip over body mass index < 1.05/< 0.79; CIV: grip strength over total body fat < 1.66/< 0.65; CV: grip over bodyweight < 0.45/< 0.34; CVI: < 27 kg/16 kg and low skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI); CI and CVI defined according to the European Working Group on sarcopenia in older people and the rest according to the sarcopenia definition and outcomes Consortium. For sarcopenia screening, the SARC-F (≥ 4 points) and the SARC-CalF (≥ 11 points) were used. The kappa analysis revealed no agreement between the SARC-F and the various criteria for the identification of sarcopenia in men. The same lack of agreement was observed in women with some exceptions: CI = 0.161 ± 0.074, p = 0.020; GS = 0.209 ± 0.076, p = 0.003. Concerning the Cohen's kappa between the SARC-Calf and the reference criteria of sarcopenia, the following coefficients were observed as significant for women: CI = 0.201 ± 0.069, p = 0.003; CII = 0.186 ± 0.064, p = 0.005; GS = 0.273 ± 0.068, p = 0.0001; and for men: CII = 0.139 ± 0.053, p = 0.021; GS = 0.223 ± 0.099, p = 0.011. ROC curves revealed the SARC-Calf with acceptable discrimination and reasonable sarcopenia predictive capacity considering a cutoff value of 10.5 in both men (AUC: 67.5%, p = 0.022; Se = 52.9%; Sp = 76.8%) and women (AUC: 72.4%, p < 0.001; Se = 63%; Sp = 68.5%) concerning GS. The SARC-CalF performed better than the SARC-F for screening sarcopenia in the population ≥ 60 years of age in the Amazonas, measured through walking slowness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Barreto de Lima
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Dos Santos Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Duarte Henriques-Neto
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Élvio Rúbio Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Fátima Baptista
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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22
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Kandinata SG, Widajanti N, Ichwani J, Firdausi H, Aryana IGPS, Alkaff FF. Diagnostic performance of calf circumference, SARC-F, and SARC-CalF for possible sarcopenia screening in Indonesia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9824. [PMID: 37330539 PMCID: PMC10276820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Asian working group for sarcopenia (AWGS) recently introduced "possible sarcopenia" diagnosis for early identification of sarcopenia in the primary healthcare. For initial screening, 3 modalities, i.e. calf circumference (CC) measurement, strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls (SARC-F) questionnaire, and a combination of both (SARC-CalF), are recommended. However, no validation study has been done until now. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the recommended screening modalities using data from Indonesia. This cross-sectional study included subjects aged ≥ 60 years old who visited primary healthcare in Surabaya, Indonesia. The diagnosis of possible sarcopenia was confirmed with hand-grip strength and repeated chair stand test. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Among 266 subjects, 186 (70%) were diagnosed with possible sarcopenia. Using the recommended cut-off, the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.511, 48.39% and 53.75% for CC, 0.543, 8.60% and 100% for SARC-F, and 0.572, 19.35% and 95% for SACRC-CalF. Our findings indicate that the diagnostic performance of the recommended screening modalities is poor. Multicenter studies from different areas in Indonesia should be done to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Novira Widajanti
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital - Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No 6-8, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Jusri Ichwani
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital - Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No 6-8, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hadiq Firdausi
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital - Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No 6-8, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - I G P S Aryana
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Sanglah Teaching Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Firas F Alkaff
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapy, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No 47, Surabaya, Indonesia.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Kim HI, Kim MC. Physical Therapy Assessment Tool Threshold Values to Identify Sarcopenia and Locomotive Syndrome in the Elderly. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6098. [PMID: 37372684 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate sarcopenia and locomotive syndrome in Korean elderly patients, analyze the closely related factors, and determine the threshold for distinguishing participants with sarcopenia, locomotive syndrome, and non-disease. To this end, we enrolled 210 subjects aged 65 years or more and classified them into the sarcopenia (n = 36) and locomotive syndrome (n = 164) groups; a control group was also included (n = 10). We evaluated the characteristics of these patients using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and performed statistical analysis. Our findings showed statistically significant differences between the groups, leading to the derivation of a significant threshold value. The threshold value of the TUG test between the control and locomotive syndrome groups was 9.47 s; the threshold value of the BBS was 54 points, respectively. The threshold value of the TUG test between the locomotive syndrome and sarcopenia groups was 10.27 s, and the threshold value of the BBS was 50 points, respectively. These findings suggest that sarcopenia is closely related to locomotive syndrome, and that sarcopenia and locomotive syndrome can be identified using a physical therapy diagnostic evaluation tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-In Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Chul Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea
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Oh MH, Shin HE, Kim KS, Won CW, Kim M. Combinations of Sarcopenia Diagnostic Criteria by Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 Guideline and Incident Adverse Health Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023:S1525-8610(23)00395-X. [PMID: 37209713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association between combinations of sarcopenia criteria by the Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 guideline and incident adverse health outcomes. DESIGN Longitudinal analyses of a cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted prospective 2-year follow-up analyses (N = 1959) among community-dwelling older adults enrolled in the nationwide Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). METHODS From the KFACS, 1959 older adults (52.8% women; mean age = 75.9 ± 3.9 years) who underwent assessments for appendicular skeletal mass using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, handgrip strength, usual gait speed, 5-times sit-to-stand test, and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at baseline were included. Participants with each adverse health outcome [mobility disability, falls, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disabilities] at baseline were excluded for each corresponding analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine whether sarcopenia defined by different diagnostic criteria was associated with incident adverse health outcomes after 2 years. RESULTS A total of 444 participants (22.7%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia as defined by AWGS 2019. In the multivariable analysis, sarcopenia defined as both low muscle mass and low physical performance increased the risk of mobility disability (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.35-3.38) and falls (1.74, 95% CI 1.21-2.49). Only the criterion defined as both low muscle mass and physical performance using the SPPB increased the risk of falls with fracture (2.53, 95% CI 1.01-6.35) and IADL disabilities (2.77, 95% CI 1.21-6.33). However, sarcopenia defined as both low muscle mass and low hand grip strength showed no associations with the incidence of any of the adverse health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our study suggests that the predictive value of adverse health outcomes for community-dwelling older adults is better when diagnosed with sarcopenia based on low muscle mass and physical performance. Furthermore, using the SPPB as a diagnostic tool for low physical performance may improve the predictive validity for falls with fracture and IADL disability. Our findings may be helpful for the early detection of individuals with sarcopenia who have a higher risk of adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hyung Oh
- College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Soo Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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Gortan Cappellari G, Guillet C, Poggiogalle E, Ballesteros Pomar MD, Batsis JA, Boirie Y, Breton I, Frara S, Genton L, Gepner Y, Gonzalez MC, Heymsfield SB, Kiesswetter E, Laviano A, Prado CM, Santini F, Serlie MJ, Siervo M, Villareal DT, Volkert D, Voortman T, Weijs PJ, Zamboni M, Bischoff SC, Busetto L, Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Donini LM. Sarcopenic obesity research perspectives outlined by the sarcopenic obesity global leadership initiative (SOGLI) - Proceedings from the SOGLI consortium meeting in rome November 2022. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:687-699. [PMID: 36947988 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) launched the Sarcopenic Obesity Global Leadership Initiative (SOGLI) to reach expert consensus on a definition and diagnostic criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity (SO). The present paper describes the proceeding of the Sarcopenic Obesity Global Leadership Initiative (SOGLI) meeting that was held on November 25th and 26th, 2022 in Rome, Italy. This consortium involved the participation of 50 researchers from different geographic regions and countries. The document outlines an agenda advocated by the SOGLI expert panel regarding the pathophysiology, screening, diagnosis, staging and treatment of SO that needs to be prioritized for future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christelle Guillet
- University of Clermont Auvergne, INRA, CRNH, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - John A Batsis
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yves Boirie
- University of Clermont Auvergne, INRA, CRNH, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Irene Breton
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefano Frara
- Università Vita-Salute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Eva Kiesswetter
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center & Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dorothee Volkert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Jm Weijs
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Tommy Cederholm
- Uppsala University and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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26
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Lee JD, Lee JH. Association between Possible Sarcopenia and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2018. Korean J Fam Med 2023; 44:143-150. [PMID: 37225439 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.22.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite increased clinical and research interest in sarcopenia, even in Asia, not much is known about the association between sarcopenia and depressive symptoms. Sarcopenia and depressive symptoms are associated with several health problems in older adults; therefore, we investigated the association between sarcopenia and depression in Korean older adults. METHODS The study sample included 1,929 participants aged over 60 years (44.6% men; mean age, 69.7 years) from nationally representative data of the 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey. Possible sarcopenia was defined according to the diagnostic algorithm of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019; however, we measured only hand-grip strength (kg) in this study. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used for screening for symptoms of depression. A cross-sectional analysis was used to examine the relationship between possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms. RESULTS Possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms were identified in 538 (27.9%) and 97 (5.0%) participants, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, and other potential covariates, possible sarcopenia was positively associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms (odds ratio, 2.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.36-3.11; P<0.001). CONCLUSION Possible sarcopenia was significantly associated with depressive symptoms in Korean older adults. Early interventions for possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms in routine clinical practice could help Korean older adults to have healthy aging. Future studies are required to explore any causal relationship between possible sarcopenia and depressive symptoms in Korean older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Dong Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Won CW. Management of Sarcopenia in Primary Care Settings. Korean J Fam Med 2023; 44:71-75. [PMID: 36966736 PMCID: PMC10040270 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.22.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With aging, loss of skeletal muscle mass and muscle function increases, resulting in an increased risk of falls, fractures, long-term institutional care, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and even death. Sarcopenia, which is derived from the Greek words "sarx" or flesh+"penia" or loss, is defined as a condition characterized by low muscle mass and low muscle strength and performance. In 2019, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) published a consensus paper on the diagnosis and treatment of sarcopenia. The AWGS 2019 guideline, specifically, presented strategies for case-finding and assessment to help diagnose "possible sarcopenia" in primary care settings. For case finding, the AWGS 2019 guideline proposed an algorithm that recommends calf circumference measurement (cut-off <34 cm in men, <33 cm in women) or the SARC-F (strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls) questionnaire (cut-off ≥4). If this case finding is confirmed, handgrip strength (cutoff <28 kg in men, <18 kg in women) or the 5-time chair stand test (≥12 seconds) should be performed to diagnose "possible sarcopenia." If an individual is diagnosed as "possible sarcopenia," AWGS 2019 recommends that the individual should start lifestyle interventions and related health education for primary healthcare users. Because no medication is available to treat sarcopenia, exercise and nutrition is essential for sarcopenia management. Many guidelines, recommend physical activity, with a focus on progressive resistance (strength) training, as a first-line therapy for the management of sarcopenia. It is essential to educate older adults with sarcopenia on the need to increase protein intake. Many guidelines recommended that older people should consume at least 1.2 g of proteins/kg/d. This minimum threshold can be increased in the presence of catabolic or muscle wasting. Previous studies reported that leucine, a branched-chain amino acid, is essential for protein synthesis in muscle, and a stimulator for skeletal muscle synthesis. A guideline conditionally recommends that diet or nutritional supplements should be combined with exercise intervention for older adults with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Won Won
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding Author: Chang Won Won https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6429-4461 Tel: +82-2-958-8697, Fax: +82-2-958-8699, E-mail:
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Impact of Vitamin B12 Insufficiency on the Incidence of Sarcopenia in Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040936. [PMID: 36839293 PMCID: PMC9967932 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The longitudinal effect of B12 insufficiency on sarcopenia has not yet been investigated in older adults. We aimed to study the impact of B12 levels on alterations in muscle mass, function and strength over two years. Non-sarcopenic older adults (n = 926) aged 70-84 were included. Using the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study, this two-year longitudinal study used data across South Korea. The tools used for assessing muscle criteria were based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia guidelines. Participants were divided into the insufficiency (initial serum B12 concentration < 350 pg/mL) and sufficiency groups (≥350 pg/mL). Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of initial B12 concentration on sarcopenia parameters over a two-year period. In women, multivariate analysis showed that the B12 insufficiency group had a significantly higher incidence of low SPPB scores (odds ratio [OR] = 3.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.59-6.76) and sarcopenia (OR = 3.72, 95% CI = 1.10-12.62). However, the B12 insufficiency group did not have a greater incidence of sarcopenia or other parameters in men. Our findings suggest B12 insufficiency negatively impacts physical performance and increases the incidence of sarcopenia only in women.
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Nho JH, Kim EJ. Factors Affecting the Quality of Life in Low-Income Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Korean Acad Nurs 2023; 53:1-11. [PMID: 36898681 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.22126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify the factors influencing quality of life (QoL) of low-income older adults (LOAs) with sarcopenia. METHODS A convenience sample of 125 older adults was recruited from Jeonbuk Province, South Korea. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire that included nutritional status, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Older Adults Module. Additionally, grip strength and appendicular skeletal muscle mass, were evaluated, along with the short physical performance battery. RESULTS Sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia were observed in 43.2% and 56.8% of participants, respectively. Using multiple regression analysis, depression (β = -.40, p < .001), nutritional status (β = .24, p = .003), and anxiety (β = -.15, p = .042) were identified as factors affecting the QoL of the older adults in low-income groups with sarcopenia, the explanatory power of these variables was 44%. CONCLUSION The results of this study can be used to develop a nursing intervention program and establish policies to improve depression, anxiety, and nutritional status to enhance QoL of LOAs with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hee Nho
- College of Nursing, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Nursing Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
| | - Eun Jin Kim
- College of Nursing, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
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Vogele D, Otto S, Sollmann N, Haggenmüller B, Wolf D, Beer M, Schmidt SA. Sarcopenia - Definition, Radiological Diagnosis, Clinical Significance. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2023; 195:393-405. [PMID: 36630983 DOI: 10.1055/a-1990-0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by a loss of muscle mass and strength. As a result, the independence of the elderly is reduced and the hospitalization rate and mortality increase. The onset of sarcopenia often begins in middle age due to an unbalanced diet or malnutrition in association with a lack of physical activity. This effect is intensified by concomitant diseases such as obesity or metabolic diseases including diabetes mellitus. METHOD With effective preventative diagnostic procedures and specific therapeutic treatment of sarcopenia, the negative effects on the individual can be reduced and the negative impact on health as well as socioeconomic effects can be prevented. Various diagnostic options are available for this purpose. In addition to basic clinical methods such as measuring muscle strength, sarcopenia can also be detected using imaging techniques like dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and sonography. DXA, as a simple and cost-effective method, offers a low-dose option for assessing body composition. With cross-sectional imaging techniques such as CT and MRI, further diagnostic possibilities are available, including MR spectroscopy (MRS) for noninvasive molecular analysis of muscle tissue. CT can also be used in the context of examinations performed for other indications to acquire additional parameters of the skeletal muscles (opportunistic secondary use of CT data), such as abdominal muscle mass (total abdominal muscle area - TAMA) or the psoas as well as the pectoralis muscle index. The importance of sarcopenia is already well studied for patients with various tumor entities and also infections such as SARS-COV2. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Sarcopenia will become increasingly important, not least due to demographic changes in the population. In this review, the possibilities for the diagnosis of sarcopenia, the clinical significance, and therapeutic options are described. In particular, CT examinations, which are repeatedly performed on tumor patients, can be used for diagnostics. This opportunistic use can be supported by the use of artificial intelligence. KEY POINTS · Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome with loss of muscle mass and strength.. · Early detection and therapy can prevent negative effects of sarcopenia.. · In addition to DEXA, cross-sectional imaging techniques (CT, MRI) are available for diagnostic purposes.. · The use of artificial intelligence (AI) offers further possibilities in sarcopenia diagnostics.. CITATION FORMAT · Vogele D, Otto S, Sollmann N et al. Sarcopenia - Definition, Radiological Diagnosis, Clinical Significance. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2023; DOI: 10.1055/a-1990-0201.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vogele
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephanie Otto
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCCU), University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Nico Sollmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Benedikt Haggenmüller
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Meinrad Beer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
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Wong BWX, Thu WPP, Chan YH, Logan SJS, Cauley JA, Yong EL. Association of sarcopenia with important health conditions among community-dwelling Asian women. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281144. [PMID: 36716336 PMCID: PMC9886252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine sarcopenia prevalence using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS) and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) definitions, and their associations with important health conditions affecting midlife Singaporean women. Muscle mass and function were objectively assessed in 1201 healthy community-dwelling subjects aged 45-69 years under the Integrated Women's Health Program (IWHP). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), handgrip strength and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were measured, and the relationship between sarcopenia with hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), osteoporosis, depression/anxiety, and urinary incontinence were examined using binary logistic regression models. Sarcopenia prevalence was 18.0% and 7.7% by the AWGS and FNIH criteria respectively. Osteoporosis (aOR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.94) and T2DM (aOR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.42) was positively associated with AWGS- and FNIH-defined sarcopenia respectively, while hypertension was not, after adjustment for age, ethnicity, education levels and menopausal status. A negative percent agreement of 95.6% suggests good agreement between the criteria in the absence of sarcopenia. Even though they represent a single concept, sarcopenia by either criterion differed in their relationships with diabetes and osteoporosis, suggesting the need for further rationalization of diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Wen-Xin Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Win Pa Pa Thu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yiong Huak Chan
- Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Susan Jane Sinclair Logan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jane A. Cauley
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Eu-Leong Yong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Lin YH, Lee KC, Tzeng YL, Lin YP, Liu WM, Lu SH. Comparison of four screening methods for sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults: A diagnostic accuracy study. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 49:157-163. [PMID: 36543041 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the diagnostic values of SARC-F (strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls), SARC-Calf (SARC-F combined with calf circumference), CC (calf circumference), and the Yubi-wakka (finger-ring) test for screening for sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria were used as a standard reference. A total of 209 participants were enrolled, and 40.7% were identified as sarcopenia. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were respectively 54.1%, 70.2%, and 0.687 for SARC-F; 76.5%, 73.4% and 0.832 for SARC-calf, 86.7%, 82.4%, and 0.906 for CC in men, and 85.5%, 63.3%, and 0.877 for CC in women. Relative to the "bigger," a significant association between sarcopenia and the Yubi-wakka test ("just fits" OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 1.57-10.98; "small" OR: 27.5, 95% CI: 10.14-74.55) was observed. The overall accuracy of CC was better than SARC-Calf for sarcopenia screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Huang Lin
- Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei Junior College of Health Care Management, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kwo-Chen Lee
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Tzeng
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ping Lin
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Miao Liu
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Lu
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Zhu X, Zhang X, Ding L, Tang Y, Xu A, Yang F, Qiao G, Gao X, Zhou J. Associations of Pain and Sarcopenia with Successful Aging among Older People in China: Evidence from CHARLS. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:196-201. [PMID: 36973927 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1892-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sarcopenia and chronic pain are geriatric syndromes that negatively impact the lives of older people. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship among sarcopenia, pain, and successful aging among older persons participating in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). DESIGN Cohort study with a 2-year follow-up. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Data were derived from 2 waves of the CHARLS, and 4280 community-dwelling participants aged ≥ 60 years were included in the study. METHODS Sarcopenia status was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) criteria. Successful aging was defined following Rowe and Kahn's multidimensional model. Pain was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to examine the associations. RESULTS Longitudinal results demonstrated that compared with no sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia [OR (95%CI): 0.600 (0.304~1.188)] was not significantly associated with successful aging. Pain only was strongly associated with successful aging [0.388 (0.251~0.600)], whereas the association between sarcopenia only and successful aging was weaker [0.509 (0.287~0.905)]. The likelihood of being successful aging was substantially lower in the presence of coexisting sarcopenia and pain [0.268 (0.108~0.759)]. CONCLUSIONS Both pain and sarcopenia are significant predictors for achieving successful aging among community-dwelling older adults. Early identification of sarcopenia and pain permits the implementation of treatment strategies and presents an opportunity to mitigate the risk of being unsuccessful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhu
- Xinhong Zhu, Nursing Educator, School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China, phone: +86027-688890395;
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Yao J, Wang Y, Yang L, Ren M, Li L, Wang H. Prevalence of possible sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e067425. [PMID: 36517096 PMCID: PMC9756196 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of possible sarcopenia and its association with other conditions in older adults in Bengbu, China. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional study of 1082 community-dwelling Chinese people aged at least 60 years from March to June 2022. METHODS Handgrip strength and information regarding associated conditions were collected. Possible sarcopenia was estimated based on handgrip strength with cut-off values (<28 kg in men; <18 kg in women) recommended by the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019. Mann-Whitney U tests, χ2 tests and binary logistic regression analyses were used to explore relationships between possible sarcopenia and associated conditions. RESULTS Possible sarcopenia was more prevalent in men (52.79%, n=246, age 79.43±7.33 years among men with possible sarcopenia) than in women (44.48%, n=274, age 78.90±7.71 years among women with possible sarcopenia). In men, possible sarcopenia positively correlated with high age (OR 2.658, 95% CI 1.758 to 4.019), physical inactivity (OR 2.779, 95% CI 1.646 to 4.691) and diabetes (OR 4.269, 95% CI 2.397 to 7.602), and negatively with hypertension (OR 0.586, 95% CI 0.384 to 0.893). The risk of possible sarcopenia in men decreased by 12.6% for every 1 kg/m2 increase of body mass index (OR 0.874, 95% CI 0.817 to 0.935). In women, possible sarcopenia positively correlated with high age (OR 3.821, 95% CI 2.677 to 5.455), physical inactivity (OR 2.185, 95% CI 1.488 to 3.210) and arthritis (OR 2.076, 95% CI 1.411 to 3.056). CONCLUSION Possible sarcopenia is prevalent in older adults and the factors affecting possible sarcopenia are different in men and women. Health education about these target factors can be considered as a potential measure to prevent possible sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqin Yao
- School of Nursing, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yaoting Wang
- Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Nursing, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Mengting Ren
- School of Nursing, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Lingyan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Physical Fitness Center, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
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Yoo MC, Won CW, Soh Y. Association of high body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat percentage with sarcopenia in older women. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:937. [PMID: 36471279 PMCID: PMC9724283 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related obesity and body composition changes include loss of muscle mass and increased body fat. This study aimed to investigate sex differences in the impact of sarcopenia, defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS), on obesity in Korean older adults. METHODS In this 2-year longitudinal study, 3014 participants were excluded based on AWGS sarcopenia parameters (if any one of the sarcopenic parameter criteria was satisfied), including low handgrip strength (HGS), low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), and low short physical performance battery (SPPB). A total of 926 non-sarcopenic participants were recruited for the study. The obese and non-obese groups were compared according to the sarcopenia parameters. The following variables were selected for obesity analysis: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and body fat percentage. Unadjusted and fully adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed for each variable to predict sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity according to sex. RESULTS Among the sarcopenia parameters, reduction in ASMI was significantly lower in the obese group with high WC and percentage of body fat (PBF) in both men and women (P < 0.01). Multivariable analysis revealed that different obesity parameters were associated with AWGS criteria: women in the high BMI group presented significantly lower ASMI and sarcopenia (ASMI, OR = 0.289, 95% CI = 0.174-0.480; sarcopenia, OR = 0.152, 95% CI = 0.048-0.483). Women in the high WC group had significantly lower ASMI and sarcopenia (ASMI, OR = 0.307, 95% CI = 0.189-0.500; sarcopenia, OR = 0.262, 95% CI = 0.106-0.649). Women in the high PBF group had a lower incidence of sarcopenia (OR = 0.214, 95% CI = 0.068-0.278). CONCLUSIONS Our study identified that high BMI had a protective effect on the reduction of muscle mass in men and women. However, obesity parameters including BMI, WC, and PBF were positively correlated with a lower incidence of sarcopenia only in women. Obesity in older women may have a protective effect in reducing ASMI and the incidence of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Chul Yoo
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea ,grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 South Korea
| | - Yunsoo Soh
- grid.411231.40000 0001 0357 1464Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
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Kaga H, Tamura Y, Someya Y, Naito H, Tabata H, Kakehi S, Yamasaki N, Sato M, Kadowaki S, Suzuki R, Sugimoto D, Kawamori R, Watada H. Prediabetes is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia in older men, but not in older women: the Bunkyo Health Study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:2835-2842. [PMID: 36052707 PMCID: PMC9745500 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a major cause of disability in the elderly. Although type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for increased sarcopenia, the relationship between prediabetes and sarcopenia has not been elucidated. We aimed to examine the relationship between sarcopenia and prediabetes. METHODS The design of this study is a cross-sectional study. We evaluated glucose metabolism using the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and glycated haemoglobin, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, and hand grip strength in 1629 older adults living in an urban area of Tokyo, Japan. We investigated the frequency of sarcopenia in participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes and diabetes. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyse the association between glucose tolerance and the prevalence of sarcopenia. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 73.1 ± 5.4 years. In men, 44.3% had NGT, 26.6% had prediabetes, and 29.1% had diabetes. In women, the distribution was 56.1%, 28.8% and 15.2%. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 12.7% in men and 11.9% in women. Logistic regression revealed that prediabetes and diabetes are independent risk factors for sarcopenia in men (prediabetes, odds ratio [OR] = 2.081 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.031-4.199]; diabetes, OR = 2.614 [95% CI: 1.362-5.018]) and diabetes, but not prediabetes, is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia in women (prediabetes, OR = 1.036 [95% CI: 0.611-1.757]; diabetes, OR = 2.099 [95% CI: 1.146-3.844]). In both sexes, higher age (men, OR = 1.086 [95% CI: 1.028-1.146]; women, OR = 1.195 [95% CI: 1.142-1.251]), higher body fat percentage (men, OR = 1.346 [95% CI: 1.240-1.461]; women, OR = 1.218 [95% CI: 1.138-1.303]) and lower body mass index (men, OR = 0.371 [95% CI: 0.299-0.461]; women, OR = 0.498 [95% CI: 0.419-0.593]) were independent risk factors for sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS Although we confirmed that diabetes mellitus is associated with sarcopenia in both sexes, prediabetes is associated with sarcopenia in men, but not in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyoshi Kaga
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Tamura
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Sportology Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Sports Medicine and Sportology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Someya
- Sportology Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Naito
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tabata
- Sportology Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori Kakehi
- Sportology Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Sports Medicine and Sportology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nozomu Yamasaki
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motonori Sato
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kadowaki
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ruriko Suzuki
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sugimoto
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Kawamori
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Sportology Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Sports Medicine and Sportology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Sportology Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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Cao M, Lian J, Lin X, Liu J, Chen C, Xu S, Ma S, Wang F, Zhang N, Qi X, Xu G, Peng N. Prevalence of sarcopenia under different diagnostic criteria and the changes in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical function with age in Chinese old adults. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:889. [PMID: 36418979 PMCID: PMC9682713 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03601-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, there are several diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia were used in China, and the diagnostic criteria were not unified. This study aims to investigate the consistency between the latest sarcopenia diagnostic criteria Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia(AWGS 2019) and other common diagnostic criteria. The changes of muscle mass, muscle strength and physical function with age and their effects on the diagnosis of sarcopenia were also analyzed. METHODS A total of 1009 men aged ≥60 years were enrolled from multiple communities. Skeletal muscle mass index, grip strength and 6 m gait speed were measured. The consistency of AWGS 2019 with other diagnostic criteria was analyzed and the trends of these three indicators were observed. The differences of muscle mass, muscle strength and function among different diagnostic criteria and age groups were evaluated. In addition, the change trends of these three indicators with age were observed. RESULTS According to AWGS 2019 diagnostic criteria, the incidence of sarcopenia in male aged 60-69 years, 70-79 years and over 80 years was 1.5%, 9.6% and 33.1%, respectively. AWGS 2019 was highly consistent with other diagnostic criteria (Kappa = 0.66-0.80, P < 0.01), except the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health(FNIH) (Kappa = 0.32, P < 0.01). When AWGSA2019 diagnostic criteria are applied, the prevalence of decreased muscle strength (39.1%) and physical function (46.4%) was significantly higher than that of low muscle mass (35.9%) in the men over 80 years old. Muscle strength (P < 0.01) and function (P < 0.01) decreased at the same rate with age, both of which were more significant than muscle mass (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION AWGS 2019 was highly consistent with other criteria. Maintaining muscle mass should be the focus of attention before age 80, while improving muscle strength and function should be focused after age 80 to prevent disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Cao
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junsong Lian
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894The Ninth Health Care Department, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xisheng Lin
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwei Liu
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China ,grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Medical school of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Chen
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China ,grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Medical school of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuaixuan Xu
- grid.412990.70000 0004 1808 322XInstitute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan China
| | - Shuang Ma
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China ,grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Medical school of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nihui Zhang
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolei Qi
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Nursing Department, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guogang Xu
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Peng
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhong J, Xie W, Wang X, Dong X, Mo Y, Liu D, Yao X, Liu B, Deng W, Su Y, Li Y, Wang X. The Prevalence of Sarcopenia among Hunan Province Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 60 Years and Older and Its Relationship with Lifestyle: Diagnostic Criteria from the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 Update. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1562. [PMID: 36363519 PMCID: PMC9699421 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aims to detect the prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults in Hunan Province, discuss factors related to lifestyle, and provide a reliable basis for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 1040 community-dwelling adults ≥ 60 years were examined for sarcopenia using a cluster stratified random sampling method, which was defined using the diagnostic criteria recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) from September 2019 to March 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the correlation between sarcopenia and smoking, drinking, nutritional status, physical activity, and sleep quality. Results: A total of 27.1% of the older adults were diagnosed with sarcopenia, with rates of 26.2% in men and 25.2% in women. Multiple logistic regression showed that advanced age (OR = 2.480, 95% CI: 1.730, 3.553), the risk of malnutrition (OR = 2.085, 95% CI: 1.440, 3.019), and malnutrition (OR = 1.212, 95% CI: 0.304, 4.834) were risk factors for sarcopenia. No falls in the previous year (OR = 0.616, 95% CI: 1.885, 1.209), normal weight (OR = 0.228, 95% CI: 0.109, 0.475), overweight (OR = 0.030, 95% CI: 0.013, 0.069), moderate physical activity (OR = 0.593, 95% CI: 0.377, 0.933), or high physical activity (OR = 0.417, 95% CI: 0.230, 0.755) were identified as protective factors for sarcopenia. Conclusions: The prevalence of sarcopenia was high among older adults in the community in Hunan Province. In addition, we found that lifestyle is an important factor in sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhong
- Deparment of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wenqing Xie
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yihan Mo
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xuemei Yao
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wenyu Deng
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yidong Su
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiuhua Wang
- Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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Lee H, Kim S, Kim BS, Kim M, Yang J, Bae H, Won CW. Sexual Difference in Effect of Long Sleep Duration on Incident Sarcopenia after Two Years in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2022; 26:264-274. [PMID: 36200291 PMCID: PMC9535369 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.22.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia, a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder involving an accelerated loss of muscle mass and muscle function, is a common condition in older individuals. This study aimed to determine whether sleep latency and duration were independently associated with incident sarcopenia and to explore sex differences in these associations. Methods: This 2-year longitudinal analysis of cohort study data included community-dwelling participants of the 2016–2017 Korea Frailty and Aging Cohort Study aged 70–84 years at baseline survey who completed the 2-year follow-up survey. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for sarcopenia and sarcopenia components. Sarcopenia was defined using the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia guidelines. Results: Among 1,353 non-sarcopenic participants in the baseline survey, 1,160 (85.8%) and 193 (14.2%) were classified as non-sarcopenic and sarcopenic, respectively, after 2 years. Long sleep duration (>8 hours per night) was associated with incident sarcopenia in male—OR=2.41 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–5.17) after adjusting for confounding factors. Long sleep duration was specifically associated with the development of low skeletal muscle mass and low muscle strength in male—adjusted OR=2.16 (95% CI, 1.02–4.61) and adjusted OR=2.70 (95% CI, 1.13–6.43), respectively. In female, compared to normal sleep duration, the adjusted ORs for long and short sleep duration for sarcopenia were 2.093 (95% CI, 0.753–5.812; p=0.157) and 0.852 (95% CI, 0.520–1.393; p=0.522), respectively, which were not significant.Conclusion: In male, long sleep duration was associated with incident sarcopenia, specifically the development of low muscle mass and low muscle strength, but not with low physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyona Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Sung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisoo Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanhee Bae
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding Author: Chang Won Won, MD, PhD Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyungheedaero 23, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Korea E-mail:
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40
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Shin HE, Won CW, Kim M. Metabolomic profiles to explore biomarkers of severe sarcopenia in older men: A pilot study. Exp Gerontol 2022; 167:111924. [PMID: 35963453 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of sarcopenia is complex and multifactorial; however, it has not yet been fully elucidated. Identifying metabolomic profiles may help clarify the mechanisms underlying sarcopenia. OBJECTIVE This pilot study explored potential noninvasive biomarkers of severe sarcopenia through metabolomic analysis in community-dwelling older men. METHODS Twenty older men (mean age: 81.9 ± 2.8 years) were selected from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Participants with severe sarcopenia (n = 10) were compared with non-sarcopenic, age- and body mass index-matched controls (n = 10). Severe sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and low physical performance using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Non-targeted metabolomic profiling of plasma metabolites was performed using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry and absolute quantification was performed in target metabolites. RESULTS Among 191 plasma metabolic peaks, the concentrations of 10 metabolites significantly differed between severe sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenic controls. The plasma concentrations of L-alanine, homocitrulline, N-acetylserine, gluconic acid, N-acetylalanine, proline, and sulfotyrosine were higher, while those of 4-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, and tryptophan were lower in participants with severe sarcopenia than in non-sarcopenic controls (all, p < 0.05). Among the 53 metabolites quantified as target metabolites, L-alanine (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.760; p = 0.049), gluconic acid (AUC = 0.800; p = 0.023), proline (AUC = 0.785; p = 0.031), and tryptophan (AUC = 0.800; p = 0.023) determined the presence of severe sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS Plasma metabolomic analysis demonstrated that L-alanine, gluconic acid, proline, and tryptophan may be potential biomarkers of severe sarcopenia. The identified metabolites can provide new insights into the underlying pathophysiology of severe sarcopenia and serve as the basis for preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Eun Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
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Xia X, Xu Z, Hu F, Hou L, Zhang G, Liu X. Nutrition mediates the relationship between number of teeth and sarcopenia: a pathway analysis. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:649. [PMID: 35941556 PMCID: PMC9360705 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The relationship between the number of teeth and sarcopenia remains poorly investigated. Although nutrition plays an important role in maintaining bone and muscle health, the complex relationship between number of teeth and nutrition in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia remains to be elucidated. Methods A large multi-ethnic sample of 4149 participants aged over 50 years old from West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study was analyzed. We examined the associations between number of teeth with nutritional status and sarcopenia, and the mediating role of nutrition in the association between number of teeth and sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. We assessed nutrition using Mini Nutrition Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) scale. Direct relationships between number of teeth, nutrition and sarcopenia were assessed using multiple linear regression. Mediation models and structural equation model (SEM) pathway analysis were used to test the mediating role of nutrition in the relationship between number of teeth and sarcopenia. Results Of 4149 participants aged 50 years old or older, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.5, 9.0% for moderate sarcopenia, and 13.5% for severe sarcopenia, respectively. Regression analysis indicated a total association between number of teeth (β = − 0.327, 95% CI − 0.471 to − 0.237, p < 0.001) and sarcopenia. After adjusted MNA-SF scores, the association between number of teeth and sarcopenia was still significant (β = − 0.269, 95% CI − 0.364 to − 0.175, p < 0.001), indicating a partial mediation effect of nutrition. Mediation analysis verified nutrition partially mediate the associations between number of teeth and sarcopenia (indirect effect estimate = − 0.0272, bootstrap 95% CI − 0.0324 to − 0.0222; direct effect estimate = − 0.0899, bootstrap 95% CI − 0.1049 to − 0.0738). And this mediation effect was through impacting SMI (indirect effect estimate = − 0.0283, bootstrap 95% CI − 0.0336 to − 0.0232) and grip strength (indirect effect estimate = − 0.0067, bootstrap 95% CI − 0.0094 to − 0.0043). Structural equation model (SEM) framework pathway analysis confirmed the association between number of teeth, nutrition, and sarcopenia. Conclusions Our findings indicated that sarcopenia was associated with number of teeth and poorer nutritional status, with nutrition partially mediating the association between number of teeth and sarcopenia. Our findings supported early nutritional assessment and intervention in oral health to mitigate the risk of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengjuan Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Hou
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Gongchang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang Renmin Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. .,Geriatric Health Care and Medical Research Center, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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Park D, Park CJ, Jung MG, Choi YH, Park KS, Koh HS. High prevalence of sarcopenia in Asian female patients awaiting primary total knee arthroplasty: Application of updated diagnostic tools from the Asian working group for sarcopenia. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2022; 30:10225536221113034. [PMID: 35924635 DOI: 10.1177/10225536221113034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sarcopenia, a loss of muscle mass and strength with aging, is associated with various TKA-related complications. In 2020, the AWGS published an undated guideline (AWGS 2019) based on studies from East and Southeast Asia. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in Asian female patients awaiting primary total knee arthroplasty due to advanced knee osteoarthritis using the updated AWGS criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study included 138 female patients who scheduled for primary TKA with severe osteoarthritis. The included patients were assessed with use of an AWGS 2019 diagnostic criteria based on muscle strength, physical performance, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Clinical parameters related to sarcopenia were collected and knee status assessed using the Knee Society scoring system. To better define the association with age, patients were stratified into following four groups: <60, 60-69, 70-79, ≥80. The prevalence of sarcopenia was identified, and the association between sarcopenia and clinical variables was analyzed. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia in this cohort according to the updated AWGS criteria was 35.5% and 21.7%. Prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia significantly increased with advancing age (p = .003, p = .040, respectively). Although not statistically significant, the proportion of severe sarcopenia among sarcopenia also increased with age. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lower BMI and lower 25-OH-vitamin D3 level were independent risk factors associated with sarcopenia in women awaiting TKA. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study confirmed that sarcopenia is more prominent amongst female patients awaiting primary TKA than the general population. Therefore, orthopedic surgeons should consider sarcopenia prevention and intervention in this group. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of TKA on sarcopenia, and the difference of TKA outcomes between groups with or without underlying sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dojoon Park
- The Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent Hospital, 26713The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Jin Park
- The Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent Hospital, 26713The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Gee Jung
- The Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent Hospital, 26713The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Ho Choi
- The Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent Hospital, 26713The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Hae Seok Koh
- The Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent Hospital, 26713The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Chair stand test as a proxy for physical performance and muscle strength in sarcopenia diagnosis: the Korean frailty and aging cohort study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:2449-2456. [PMID: 35918606 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 5-times chair stand test (5CST) is a proxy tool for measuring physical performance and muscle strength in diagnosing sarcopenia. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 guidelines recommends the 5CST for evaluating gait speed, whereas the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People guidelines recommend the chair stand test as a proxy for muscle strength. AIMS This study sought to determine whether the chair stand test correlates with handgrip strength and gait speed, and investigate sex differences in these relationships. METHODS We used data collected from 1416 participants (678 men and 738 women) in the 2017 Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS). RESULTS The 5CST time had a higher correlation with gait speed (r = - 0.470) than handgrip strength (r = - 0.309). In addition, 5CST time predicted low gait speed (area under the curve [AUC] 0.727) better than low handgrip strength (AUC 0.641). The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST to estimate low gait speed were 10 s for men (sensitivity 62%, specificity 64%) and 11 s for women (sensitivity 68%, specificity 67%). The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST for low handgrip strength were the same as those for low gait speed (10 s for men and 11 s for women). CONCLUSIONS The 5-times chair stand test fits with gait speed and handgrip strength but seems to be a better proxy of gait speed than handgrip strength. The optimal cutoff values of the 5CST to estimate low gait speed and low handgrip strength were lower in men than women. Although none of the AWGS 2019 or EWGSOP guidelines present sex-specific cutoffs for the 5CST, it needs to be considered in the next guidelines.
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Wang J, Liu C, Zhang L, Liu N, Wang L, Wu J, Wang Y, Hao H, Cao L, Yuan S, Huang L. Prevalence and associated factors of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia: findings from a Chinese community-dwelling old adults cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:592. [PMID: 35850661 PMCID: PMC9290196 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe the prevalence and analyse the associated factors of possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia among community-dwelling old adults in China, in order to provide effective strategies for early prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated community-dwelling old adults aged over 60 years. The basic information, morphological indices, body composition, physical activities were collected and assessed. Possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia were diagnosed by the criteria of Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019. A multivariate logistic regression model with stepwise method was employed to identify factors associated with possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia. Results In total 729 old adults from Tianjin were included in this study. Eighty-one participants were diagnosed with possible sarcopenia (prevalence of 11.11%). Seventy-five participants were diagnosed with sarcopenia (prevalence of 10.29%). Age (odds ratio (OR):1.047, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.055–1.090) and lower physical activities (low level OR:4.171, 95% CI:1.790–9.720; medium level OR:2.634, 95% CI:1.352–5.132) were significantly associated with possible sarcopenia. Age (OR:1.187, 95% CI:1.124–1.253), higher body fat percentage (OR:1.225, 95% CI:1.140–1.317), lower BMI (OR:0.424, 95% CI:0.346–0.519), lower mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores (OR:0.865,95% CI:0.781–0.958) and low physical activities (OR:4.638, 95% CI:1.683–12.782) were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Conclusion Possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia are prevalent among community-dwelling old adults in China. Ageing and lower physical activities were both associated with possible sarcopenia and sarcopenia. Old adults with sarcopenia more likely have higher body fat percentage, lower BMI and lower cognitive function compared with those without this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhi Wang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Changge Liu
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jingqiong Wu
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yizhao Wang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Hao
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Longjun Cao
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Shilei Yuan
- Tianjin Yanan Hospital, No. 45 Yashi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Liping Huang
- Tianjin University of Sport, No.16 Donghai Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, P.R. China.
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Park HY, Park YH, Lee JY, Lee JI. Bioimpedance phase angle and sarcopenia in older patients with prostate cancer. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:623-627. [PMID: 35831243 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the bioimpedance phase angle (PhA) in older patients with prostate cancer, and to determine the optimal cutoff for the PhA in patients with sarcopenia and prostate cancer. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional analysis enrolled patients with prostate cancer aged ≥60 years. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass and PhA estimated by bioimpedance analysis, grip strength, the five-time chair stand test, gait speed, the Short Physical Performance Battery, the 2-min walk test and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form were obtained at enrollment. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was based on the 2019 consensus of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. RESULTS In total, 119 male participants (mean age = 70.7 ± 6.1 years) were available for analysis. A multivariable linear regression model revealed that age, body mass index and the maximal grip strength value were associated with the PhA. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of the PhA for sarcopenia diagnosis was 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.64-0.90, P < 0.001), with a PhA cutoff value of 4.87°. CONCLUSIONS PhA estimated by bioimpedance analysis may be utilized as useful clinical biomarker for reflecting muscle strength and sarcopenia in older patients with prostate cancer. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Yeon Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Park
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Youl Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong In Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Choe HJ, Cho BL, Park YS, Roh E, Kim HJ, Lee SG, Kim BJ, Kim M, Won CW, Park KS, Jang HC. Gender differences in risk factors for the 2 year development of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1908-1918. [PMID: 35362671 PMCID: PMC9178155 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is an age-related chronic condition that can lead to mobility disabilities. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for incident sarcopenia in older Korean adults. METHODS The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) is a multicentre prospective study with a baseline examination in 2016-2017. A prospective follow-up study was conducted in 2018-2019. Changes in muscle-related variables were evaluated for subjects aged 70-84 years lacking sarcopenia at baseline. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the 2019 updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia consensus. RESULTS Among the 1636 participants (54.4% women, age 75.9 ± 3.7) who did not have sarcopenia at baseline, 101 men (13.5%) and 104 women (11.7%) developed sarcopenia by the follow-up. Those who developed sarcopenia were older (men, 77.9 ± 3.9 vs. 75.7 ± 3.5, P < 0.001; women, 77.5 ± 4.0 vs. 75.5 ± 3.6, P < 0.001) with a lower body mass index at baseline (men, 23.9 ± 2.4 vs. 24.5 ± 2.9 kg/m2 , P = 0.025; women, 23.7 ± 2.8 vs. 25.2 ± 2.9 kg/m2 , P < 0.001) compared with older adults who remained nonsarcopenic; levels of glycated haemoglobin (men, 6.2 ± 1.0% vs. 5.9 ± 0.8%, P = 0.029) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (men, 2.0 ± 1.3 vs. 1.7 ± 1.2, P = 0.022) were higher in men who progressed to sarcopenia but not in women. Development of sarcopenia was associated with older age and the frequency of resistance training (≥2 per week) after adjusting for potential risk factors in men [age, odds ratio (OR) 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-1.25; frequent resistance training, OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30-0.82]. In women, advanced age, poor nutritional status, and physical inactivity contributed to the development of sarcopenia (age, OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08-1.21; mini nutritional assessment short form, OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.90; moderate to high physical activity, OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95). CONCLUSIONS In this 2 year KFACS follow-up, modifiable risk factors for incident sarcopenia differed between genders. Resistance training (≥2 per week) helped to prevent sarcopenia in these community-dwelling older men. In older women, adequate nutritional support and being physically active might play a role in preventing progression to sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hun Jee Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Be Long Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Center for Health Promotion and Optimal Aging, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Soon Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Eun Roh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Sam-Gyu Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Bong Jo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Miji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, College of Medicine, East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Won Won
- Elderly Frailty Research Center, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
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Joo KC, Son DH, Park JM. Association between Relative Handgrip Strength and Insulin Resistance in Korean Elderly Men without Diabetes: Findings of the 2015 Korea National Health Nutrition Examination Survey. Korean J Fam Med 2022; 43:199-205. [PMID: 35610966 PMCID: PMC9136507 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.21.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence regarding the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and insulin resistance in a non-diabetic population is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the association between relative HGS and insulin resistance in older men without diabetes, using a representative sample of the Korean male population. METHODS The study population comprised 206 participants aged 65-80 years, selected from the 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Insulin resistance was defined as the upper tertile of the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for insulin resistance were assessed using multiple logistic regression analyses after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS The prevalence of insulin resistance decreased with increasing relative HGS. The prevalence in the T1, T2, and T3 groups was 46.0%, 32.2%, and 26.4%, respectively. Compared with the individuals in the highest tertile of relative HGS, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for insulin resistance in individuals in the lowest quartile was 2.82 (1.10-7.21) after adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, residential area, household income, and education level. CONCLUSION Lower relative HGS was inversely associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance in older Korean men without diabetes. In clinical practice, relative HGS, which is a simple and inexpensive tool, could be a useful measure for identifying older men with insulin resistance. Moreover, these findings suggest that muscle strengthening exercises should be considered to reduce insulin resistance and increase insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Chae Joo
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da-Hye Son
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Min Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Yao R, Yao L, Yuan C, Gao BL. Accuracy of Calf Circumference Measurement, SARC-F Questionnaire, and Ishii's Score for Screening Stroke-Related Sarcopenia. Front Neurol 2022; 13:880907. [PMID: 35572926 PMCID: PMC9099210 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.880907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of sarcopenia diagnosis in patients with stroke using calf circumference (CC), SARC-F questionnaire, and Ishii's score in comparison with the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS) sarcopenia diagnostic criteria. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 364 consecutive patients with stroke were enrolled and evaluated with the CC measurement, SARC-F questionnaire, and Ishii's score. The diagnostic accuracy was analyzed. Results Based on the AWGS criteria, sarcopenia was present in 180 (49.5%) patients, with an age range of 49-74 (mean 63 ± 14.7) years. In all patients, the cutoff value of CC in the accuracy of diagnosing sarcopenia was 30.5 cm, with an AUC of 0.85, sensitivity of 81.8%, specificity of 90.1%, Kappa value of 0.72, and Youden index of 0.72. In the accuracy of diagnosing sarcopenia in all patients, Ishii's score had a cutoff value of 118, AUC of 0.78, sensitivity of 90.1%, specificity of 36.0%, Kappa value of 0.4, and Youden index of 0.55. For accuracy of diagnosing sarcopenia, the SARC-F questionnaire had a cutoff value of 5, AUC of 0.731, sensitivity of 94.7%, specificity of 40%, Kappa value of 0.34, and Youden index of 0.41. Conclusions Based on the AWGS criteria, calf circumference measurement has the optimal performance in screening stroke-related sarcopenia compared with the SARC-F questionnaire and Ishii's score. In patients with stroke, the cutoff value of calf circumference for sarcopenia is < 31 cm in men and 30 cm in women, and with an AUC of 0.85.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Yao
- Medical Imaging Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Liqing Yao
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Changli Yuan
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bu-Lang Gao
- Medical Imaging Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Ramoo K, Hairi NN, Yahya A, Choo WY, Hairi FM, Peramalah D, Kandiben S, Bulgiba A, Ali ZM, Razak IA, Ismail N, Ahmad NS. Longitudinal Association between Sarcopenia and Cognitive Impairment among Older Adults in Rural Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084723. [PMID: 35457592 PMCID: PMC9025848 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a condition that is highly prevalent among older adults. This condition is linked to numerous adverse health outcomes, including cognitive impairment that impairs healthy ageing. While sarcopenia and cognitive impairment may share a common pathway, limited longitudinal studies exist to show the relationship between these two conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment. This is a cohort study among older adults residing in Kuala Pilah District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. There were 2404 respondents at the baseline and 1946 respondents at one-year follow-up. Cognitive impairment was determined using Mini-mental State Examination scores. Sarcopenia was identified using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria, gait speed was measured using a 4-meter gait test, handgrip strength was assessed using Jamar handheld dynamometer, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to determine the longitudinal association between sarcopenia and cognitive impairment, presented as relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 5.0% (95% CI 4.00–5.90), and severe sarcopenia was 3.60% (95% CI 2.84–4.31). Upon adjusting for covariates, older adults with sarcopenia have an 80 per cent increased risk of cognitive impairment compared to those without (RR 1.80; 95% CI 1.18–2.75). Similarly, severe sarcopenia was found to significantly increase the risk of cognitive impairment by 101 per cent in the adjusted model (RR 2.01; 95% CI 1.24–3.27). Our study showed that sarcopenia, severe sarcopenia, low physical activity, depressive symptoms, hearing impairment and chronic pain were associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults. Therefore, early intervention to prevent sarcopenia, depressive symptoms, hearing impairment, chronic pain, and higher physical activity among older adults is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Ramoo
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Noran N. Hairi
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya City 60115, Indonesia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-79674762
| | - A. Yahya
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
| | - W. Y. Choo
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
| | - F. Mohd Hairi
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
| | - D. Peramalah
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
| | - S. Kandiben
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
| | - A. Bulgiba
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.R.); (A.Y.); (W.Y.C.); (F.M.H.); (D.P.); (S.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Z. Mohd Ali
- Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS), Seremban 70300, Malaysia; (Z.M.A.); (I.A.R.)
| | - I. Abdul Razak
- Negeri Sembilan State Health Department (JKNNS), Seremban 70300, Malaysia; (Z.M.A.); (I.A.R.)
| | - N. Ismail
- Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia;
| | - N. S. Ahmad
- Mental Health, Injury Prevention, Violence and Substance Abuse Sector, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia;
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Sarcopenic obesity defined by visceral adiposity was associated with osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Arch Osteoporos 2022; 17:41. [PMID: 35249182 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that the fracture risk related to sarcopenic obesity (SO) may be influenced by the distribution of fat mass. Therefore, it is useful to explore a body component suitable for defining obesity when predicting fracture risk. This study was an attempt to explore the contribution of SO defined by visceral adiposity on the incidence of osteoporotic fracture. METHODS We enrolled 736 Chinese patients aged > 60 years in this prospective study. Sarcopenia was defined as low skeletal muscle index (SMI) with muscle strength or low SMI with low physical performance. Obesity was categorized as follows: (1) android to gynoid ratio (A/G ratio, men > 0.82, women > 0.65) as an indicator of visceral adiposity; (2) body fat percentage (men > 27.8%; women > 34.5%); and (3) body mass index (≥ 25 kg/m2). A Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the association between SO and the risk of osteoporotic fracture. RESULTS The incidence of SO was 8.7%; 9.0% in females and 8.1% in males. Of 223 (30.2%) patients with self-reported fractures. SO classified by A/G was associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.07-2.72). High SMI was associated with a reduced risk of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.93), higher BMI was associated with a higher risk vertebral fracture (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.94-1.63), and higher A/G ratio was associated with a higher risk of any fracture (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.14-1.43) and osteoporotic vertebral fracture (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that SO, defined by visceral adiposity, was associated with the risk of osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Moreover, low SMI, low muscle strength and visceral adiposity were independently associated with osteoporotic fracture.
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