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Xu Z, Ismanto HS, Saputri DS, Haruna S, Sun G, Wilamowski J, Teraguchi S, Sengupta A, Li S, Standley DM. Robust detection of infectious disease, autoimmunity, and cancer from the paratope networks of adaptive immune receptors. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae431. [PMID: 39226888 PMCID: PMC11370640 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsies based on peripheral blood offer a minimally invasive alternative to solid tissue biopsies for the detection of diseases, primarily cancers. However, such tests currently consider only the serum component of blood, overlooking a potentially rich source of biomarkers: adaptive immune receptors (AIRs) expressed on circulating B and T cells. Machine learning-based classifiers trained on AIRs have been reported to accurately identify not only cancers but also autoimmune and infectious diseases as well. However, when using the conventional "clonotype cluster" representation of AIRs, individuals within a disease or healthy cohort exhibit vastly different features, limiting the generalizability of these classifiers. This study aimed to address the challenge of classifying specific diseases from circulating B or T cells by developing a novel representation of AIRs based on similarity networks constructed from their antigen-binding regions (paratopes). Features based on this novel representation, paratope cluster occupancies (PCOs), significantly improved disease classification performance for infectious disease, autoimmune disease, and cancer. Under identical methodological conditions, classifiers trained on PCOs achieved a mean AUC of 0.893 when applied to new individuals, outperforming clonotype cluster-based classifiers (AUC 0.714) and the best-performing published classifier (AUC 0.777). Surprisingly, for cancer patients, we observed that "healthy-biased" AIRs were predicted to target known cancer-associated antigens at dramatically higher rates than healthy AIRs as a whole (Z scores >75), suggesting an overlooked reservoir of cancer-targeting immune cells that could be identified by PCOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichang Xu
- Department of Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Institute (IFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hendra S Ismanto
- Department of Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Institute (IFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Dianita S Saputri
- Department of Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Institute (IFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Soichiro Haruna
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Guanqun Sun
- School of information Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Jan Wilamowski
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Teraguchi
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Faculty of Data Science, Shiga University 1-1-1 Banba, Hikone, Shiga 522-8522, Japan
| | - Ayan Sengupta
- Cogent Labs, 3-2-1 Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6122, Japan
| | - Songling Li
- Department of Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Institute (IFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daron M Standley
- Department of Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Institute (IFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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Zhang H, Lu H, Zhan B, Shi H, Shui B. Comprehensive Analysis of ceRNA Network and Immune Cell Infiltration Pattern of Autophagy-Related Genes in IgA Nephropathy. Kidney Blood Press Res 2024; 49:528-547. [PMID: 38824914 DOI: 10.1159/000539571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a prevalent worldwide glomerular disease with a complex pathophysiology that has significant economic implications. Despite the lack of successful research, this study aims to discover the potential competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of autophagy-associated genes in IgAN and examine their correlation with immune cell infiltration. METHODS Autophagy-related hub genes were discovered by assessing the GSE116626 dataset and constructing a protein-protein interaction network. Nephroseq v5 analysis engine was used to analyze correlations between hub genes and proteinuria, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and serum creatinine levels. Then, a ceRNA network construction and the CIBERSORT tool for immune cell infiltration analysis were also performed. Additionally, the differentially expressed autophagy-related genes were used to predict potential targeted medications for IgAN. RESULTS Overall, 1,396 differentially expressed genes were identified in IgAN along with 25 autophagy-related differentially expressed messenger RNAs. Enrichment analysis revealed significant involvement of autophagy and apoptosis in biological processes. Next, we evaluated the top hub nodes based on their highest degrees. The ability of IgAN discrimination was confirmed in the GSE35487 and GSE37460 datasets by validating the five hub genes: SIRT1, FOS, CCL2, CDKN1A, and MYC. In the Nephroseq v5 analysis engine, the clinical correlation of the five hub genes was confirmed. Furthermore, the ceRNA network identified 18 circular RNAs and 2 microRNAs associated with hub autophagy-related genes in IgAN. Our investigation identified hsa-miR-32-3p and hsa-let-7i-5p as having elevated expression levels and substantial diagnostic value. Finally, four distinctively infiltrated immune cells were found to be associated with the hub autophagy-related genes, and 67 drugs were identified as potential therapeutic options for IgAN. CONCLUSION This study sheds light on a novel ceRNA regulatory network mechanism associated with autophagy in IgAN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiai Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bicui Zhan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Shui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Li JJ, Li L, Li S, Tang XY, Sun HF, Liu JX. Sinomenine Hydrochloride Protects IgA Nephropathy Through Regulating Cell Growth and Apoptosis of T and B Lymphocytes. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1247-1262. [PMID: 38645988 PMCID: PMC11032719 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s449119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) is used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and may also be efficacious against Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). However, no trial has investigated the molecular mechanism of SH on IgAN. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of SH on IgAN. Methods The pathological changes and IgA and C3 depositions in the kidney of an IgAN rat model were detected by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and direct immunofluorescence staining. After extracting T and B cells using immunomagnetic beads, we assessed their purity, cell cycle phase, and apoptosis stage through flow cytometry. Furthermore, we quantified cell cycle-related and apoptosis-associated proteins by Western blotting. Results SH reduced IgA and C3 depositions in stage 4 IgAN, thereby decreasing inflammatory cellular infiltration and mesangial injury in an IgAN model induced using heteroproteins. Furthermore, SH arrested the cell cycle of lymphocytes T and B from the spleen of IgAN rats. Regarding the mechanism, our results demonstrated that SH regulated the Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E1 protein levels for arresting the cell cycle and it also regulated Bax and Bcl-2 protein levels, thus increasing Cleaved caspase-3 protein levels in Jurkat T and Ramos B cells. Conclusion SH exerts a dual regulation on the cell cycle and apoptosis of T and B cells by controlling cell cycle-related and apoptosis-associated proteins; it also reduces inflammatory cellular infiltration and mesangial proliferation. These are the major mechanisms of SH in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, People’s Republic of China
- Harbin Voolga Technology Co., Ltd., Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yi Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Feng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, People’s Republic of China
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Ho SY, Kao CC, Chang CM, Chou YC, Luo WT, Chou WH, Tsai IL, Wu MS, Chang WC. Characterization of T-Cell receptor repertoire in immunoglobulin a nephropathy. Biomark Res 2024; 12:23. [PMID: 38342914 PMCID: PMC10860214 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is an autoimmune disease characterized by abnormal IgA deposition in glomerulus. Current diagnosis of IgAN still depends on renal biopsy, an invasive method that might increase the risk of clinical outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to explore the characteristics of T cell repertoire in IgAN from peripheral blood samples for identifying innovative diagnostic biomarkers. Herein, we included 8 IgAN patients, 25 non-IgAN patients, and 10 healthy controls in the study. A high-throughput immune repertoire sequencing was conducted to investigate the T-cell receptor beta-chain (TCRβ) repertoire of peripheral blood. Characteristics of TCRβ repertoire were assessed for these three distinct groups. A reduced TCRβ repertoire diversity was observed in IgAN patients compared to non-IgAN and healthy individuals. A skewed distribution toward shorter TCRβ complementarity determining region (CDR3) length was found in non-IgAN relative to IgAN patients. In addition, the differences in usages of five TRBV genes (TRBV5-4, TRBV6-4, TRBV12-1, TRBV16, and TRBV21-1) were identified between IgAN, non-IgAN, and healthy subjects. Of note, the TRBV6-4 gene, which is associated with mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, exhibited higher usage in IgAN patients, suggesting potential importance of MAIT cells in IgAN. In short, our findings supported TCR repertoire characteristics as potential biomarkers for IgAN diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Ying Ho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chin Kao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Medical University Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Mai Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chien Chou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tzu Luo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan
| | - I-Lin Tsai
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mai-Szu Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan.
- Taipei Medical University Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chiao Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi District, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan.
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Integrative Research Center for Critical Care, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Yuuki H, Itamiya T, Nagafuchi Y, Ota M, Fujio K. B cell receptor repertoire abnormalities in autoimmune disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1326823. [PMID: 38361948 PMCID: PMC10867955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1326823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
B cells play a crucial role in the immune response and contribute to various autoimmune diseases. Recent studies have revealed abnormalities in the B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire of patients with autoimmune diseases, with distinct features observed among different diseases and B cell subsets. Classically, BCR repertoire was used as an identifier of distinct antigen-specific clonotypes, but the recent advancement of analyzing large-scale repertoire has enabled us to use it as a tool for characterizing cellular biology. In this review, we provide an overview of the BCR repertoire in autoimmune diseases incorporating insights from our latest research findings. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we observed a significant skew in the usage of VDJ genes, particularly in CD27+IgD+ unswitched memory B cells and plasmablasts. Notably, autoreactive clones within unswitched memory B cells were found to be increased and strongly associated with disease activity, underscoring the clinical significance of this subset. Similarly, various abnormalities in the BCR repertoire have been reported in other autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, BCR repertoire analysis holds potential for enhancing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in autoimmune diseases. Moreover, it has the potential to predict treatment effects and identify therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Yuuki
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Itamiya
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Functional Genomics and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nagafuchi
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Functional Genomics and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineto Ota
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Functional Genomics and Immunological Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keishi Fujio
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Calonga-Solís V, Olbrich M, Ott F, Adelman Cipolla G, Malheiros D, Künstner A, Farias TD, Camargo CM, Petzl-Erler ML, Busch H, Fähnrich A, Augusto DG. The landscape of the immunoglobulin repertoire in endemic pemphigus foliaceus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1189251. [PMID: 37575223 PMCID: PMC10421657 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1189251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Primarily driven by autoreactive B cells, pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an uncommon autoimmune blistering skin disease of sporadic occurrence worldwide. However, PF reaches a prevalence of 3% in the endemic areas of Brazil, the highest ever registered for any autoimmune disease, which indicates environmental factors influencing the immune response in susceptible individuals. We aimed to provide insights into the immune repertoire of patients with PF living in the endemic region of the disease, compared to healthy individuals from the endemic region and a non-endemic area. Methods We characterized the B-cell repertoire in i) nontreated patients (n=5); ii) patients under immunosuppressive treatment (n=5); iii) patients in remission without treatment (n=6); and two control groups iv) from the endemic (n=6) and v) non-endemic areas in Brazil (n=4). We used total RNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and performed a comprehensive characterization of the variable region of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) in IgG and IgM using next-generation sequencing. Results Compared to individuals from a different area, we observed remarkably lower clonotype diversity in the B-cell immune repertoire of patients and controls from the endemic area (p < 0.02), suggesting that the immune repertoire in the endemic area is under geographically specific and intense environmental pressure. Moreover, we observed longer CDR3 sequences in patients, and we identified differential disease-specific usage of IGHV segments, including increased IGHV3-30 and decreased IGHV3-23 in patients with active disease (p < 0.04). Finally, our robust network analysis discovered clusters of CDR3 sequences uniquely observed in patients with PF. Discussion Our results indicate that environmental factors, in addition to disease state, impact the characteristics of the repertoire. Our findings can be applied to further investigation of the environmental factors that trigger pemphigus and expand the knowledge for identifying new targeted and more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Calonga-Solís
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Olbrich
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Fabian Ott
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Danielle Malheiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Axel Künstner
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ticiana D.J. Farias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Carolina M. Camargo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Hauke Busch
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anke Fähnrich
- Medical Systems Biology Group, Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Danillo G. Augusto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
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Ye Q, Wang DJ, Lan B, Mao JH. T-cell and B-cell repertoire diversity are selectively skewed in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome revealed by high-throughput sequencing. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:273-282. [PMID: 36449136 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00640-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies suggest that the dysfunction of T cells and B cells may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), but laboratory evidence is lacking. Therefore, this study explored T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor (BCR) profiling in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. METHODS High-throughput sequencing technology was used to profile the TCR and BCR repertoires in children with INS. Peripheral blood was collected from ten INS patients, including five vinculin autoantibody-positive patients and five vinculin autoantibody-negative patients, before and after treatment. TCR and BCR libraries were constructed by 5'-RACE and sequenced by a DNBSEQ-T7 sequencer, and sequence analyses were performed using ReSeqTools, FastP, MiXCR, and VDJtools. RESULTS The TRA (T-cell receptor α), TRG (T-cell receptor γ), and IGH (immunoglobulin heavy chain) repertoires of the INS group were occupied by highly abundant clonotypes, whereas small clonotypes occupied the healthy group, especially TRA. A significant increase in the Shannon-Weaver index was observed for the TRA and TRG repertoires after treatment in vinculin autoantibody-negative patients, but a significant increase in the IGH repertoire after treatment was observed in vinculin autoantibody-positive patients. The frequency of some V-J pairs was significantly enriched in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome patients. The usage frequency of the V and J genes was skewed in patients, which seemed not related to immunosuppressive therapy. However, after effective treatment, dynamic changes in the size of the individual clonotype were observed. CONCLUSION T-cell and B-cell immunity contribute to the pathogenesis of different INSs. Video: (MP4 99,786 KB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Dong-Jie Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Bing Lan
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310052, China
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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8
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Wong P, Cina DP, Sherwood KR, Fenninger F, Sapir-Pichhadze R, Polychronakos C, Lan J, Keown PA. Clinical application of immune repertoire sequencing in solid organ transplant. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1100479. [PMID: 36865546 PMCID: PMC9971933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1100479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Measurement of T cell receptor (TCR) or B cell receptor (BCR) gene utilization may be valuable in monitoring the dynamic changes in donor-reactive clonal populations following transplantation and enabling adjustment in therapy to avoid the consequences of excess immune suppression or to prevent rejection with contingent graft damage and to indicate the development of tolerance. Objective We performed a review of current literature to examine research in immune repertoire sequencing in organ transplantation and to assess the feasibility of this technology for clinical application in immune monitoring. Methods We searched MEDLINE and PubMed Central for English-language studies published between 2010 and 2021 that examined T cell/B cell repertoire dynamics upon immune activation. Manual filtering of the search results was performed based on relevancy and predefined inclusion criteria. Data were extracted based on study and methodology characteristics. Results Our initial search yielded 1933 articles of which 37 met the inclusion criteria; 16 of these were kidney transplant studies (43%) and 21 were other or general transplantation studies (57%). The predominant method for repertoire characterization was sequencing the CDR3 region of the TCR β chain. Repertoires of transplant recipients were found to have decreased diversity in both rejectors and non-rejectors when compared to healthy controls. Rejectors and those with opportunistic infections were more likely to have clonal expansion in T or B cell populations. Mixed lymphocyte culture followed by TCR sequencing was used in 6 studies to define an alloreactive repertoire and in specialized transplant settings to track tolerance. Conclusion Methodological approaches to immune repertoire sequencing are becoming established and offer considerable potential as a novel clinical tool for pre- and post-transplant immune monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paaksum Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Davide P Cina
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen R Sherwood
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Franz Fenninger
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ruth Sapir-Pichhadze
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Constantin Polychronakos
- Department of Pediatrics, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre and the Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James Lan
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul A Keown
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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9
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Ye Z, Zhang Y, Huang N, Chen S, Wu X, Li L. Immune repertoire and evolutionary trajectory analysis in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1006137. [PMID: 36211355 PMCID: PMC9537376 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1006137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of death and the greatest risk to the lives of people with advanced diabetes. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying its development and progression remain unknown. In this research, we studied the primary pathways driving DN using transcriptome sequencing and immune repertoire analysis. Firstly, we found that the diversity and abundance of the immune repertoire in late DN were significantly increased, while there was no significant change in early DN. Furthermore, B cell-mediated antibody responses may be the leading cause of DN progression. By analyzing master regulators, we found the key DN-driving transcription factors. In the late stage of DN, immune cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells were abundant, but other stromal cells were few. Early DN kidneys had a higher tissue stemness score than normal and advanced DN kidneys. We showed that DN progression involves proximal tubular metabolic reprogramming and stemness restoration using Monocle3. Through WGCNA, we found that co-expression modules that regulate DN progression and immune repertoire diversity mainly regulate immune-related signaling pathways. In addition, we also found that early DN had apparent activation of immune-related signaling pathways mainly enriched in immune cells. Finally, we found that activation of fibroblasts is typical of early DN. These results provide a research basis for further exploring the molecular biology and cellular mechanisms of the occurrence and development of DN and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Science and Research, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ling Li,
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10
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Comprehensive analysis of TCR repertoire of COVID-19 patients in different infected stage. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:813-822. [PMID: 35567717 PMCID: PMC9107015 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01261-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), transmitted person-to-person by the severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), poses a threat to global public health. OBJECTIVE In this study, we performed the comprehensive analysis of the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire may contribute to a more in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19. METHODS A comprehensive immunological analysis was performed to explore the features of the TCR repertoire and identified TCR sequences correlated with SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens. RESULTS we analyzed the COVID-19 patients' TCR repertoires in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) which obtained before (baseline), during (acute), and after rehabilitation (convalescent) by ImmunoSEQ-technology, and found that repertoire features of TCRβ-chain (TCRβ) complementary-determining region 3 (CDR3) in COVID-19 patients were remarkable difference, including decreased TCR diversity, abnormal CDR3 length, difference of TRBV/J gene usage and higher TCR sequence overlap. Besides, we identified some COVID-19 disease-associated TCRβ clones, and the abundance of them changed with the progression of the disease. Importantly, these disease-associated TCRβ clones could be used to distinguish COVID-19 patients from healthy controls with high accuracy. CONCLUSIONS We provide a clear understanding of the TCR repertoire of COVID-19 patients, which lays the foundation for better diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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11
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Chen Y, Ye Z, Zhang Y, Xie W, Chen Q, Lan C, Yang X, Zeng H, Zhu Y, Ma C, Tang H, Wang Q, Guan J, Chen S, Li F, Yang W, Yan H, Yu X, Zhang Z. A Deep Learning Model for Accurate Diagnosis of Infection Using Antibody Repertoires. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:2675-2685. [PMID: 35606050 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The adaptive immune receptor repertoire consists of the entire set of an individual's BCRs and TCRs and is believed to contain a record of prior immune responses and the potential for future immunity. Analyses of TCR repertoires via deep learning (DL) methods have successfully diagnosed cancers and infectious diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019. However, few studies have used DL to analyze BCR repertoires. In this study, we collected IgG H chain Ab repertoires from 276 healthy control subjects and 326 patients with various infections. We then extracted a comprehensive feature set consisting of 10 subsets of repertoire-level features and 160 sequence-level features and tested whether these features can distinguish between infected individuals and healthy control subjects. Finally, we developed an ensemble DL model, namely, DL method for infection diagnosis (https://github.com/chenyuan0510/DeepID), and used this model to differentiate between the infected and healthy individuals. Four subsets of repertoire-level features and four sequence-level features were selected because of their excellent predictive performance. The DL method for infection diagnosis outperformed traditional machine learning methods in distinguishing between healthy and infected samples (area under the curve = 0.9883) and achieved a multiclassification accuracy of 0.9104. We also observed differences between the healthy and infected groups in V genes usage, clonal expansion, the complexity of reads within clone, the physical properties in the α region, and the local flexibility of the CDR3 amino acid sequence. Our results suggest that the Ab repertoire is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of various infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Ye
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxi Xie
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Lan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiujia Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huikun Zeng
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiyu Ma
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haipei Tang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Guan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fenxiang Li
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huacheng Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China;
- Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China;
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Fang M, Su Z, Abolhassani H, Zhang W, Jiang C, Cheng B, Luo L, Wu J, Wang S, Lin L, Wang X, Wang L, Aghamohammadi A, Li T, Zhang X, Hammarström L, Liu X. T Cell Repertoire Abnormality in Immunodeficiency Patients with DNA Repair and Methylation Defects. J Clin Immunol 2022; 42:375-393. [PMID: 34825286 PMCID: PMC8821531 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Both DNA damage response and methylation play a crucial role in antigen receptor recombination by creating a diverse repertoire in developing lymphocytes, but how their defects relate to T cell repertoire and phenotypic heterogeneity of immunodeficiency remains obscure. We studied the TCR repertoire in patients with the mutation in different genes (ATM, DNMT3B, ZBTB24, RAG1, DCLRE1C, and JAK3) and uncovered distinct characteristics of repertoire diversity. We propose that early aberrancies in thymus T cell development predispose to the heterogeneous phenotypes of the immunodeficiency spectrum. Shorter CDR3 lengths in ATM-deficient patients, resulting from a decreased number of nucleotide insertions during VDJ recombination in the pre-selected TCR repertoire, as well as the increment of CDR3 tyrosine residues, lead to the enrichment of pathology-associated TCRs, which may contribute to the phenotypes of ATM deficiency. Furthermore, patients with DNMT3B and ZBTB24 mutations who exhibit discrepant phenotypes present longer CDR3 lengths and reduced number of known pathology-associated TCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Division of Clinical Immunology at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zheng Su
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Clinical Immunology at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wei Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | | | | | - Lihua Luo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | | | | | - Liya Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Xie Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | | | - Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tao Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | | | - Lennart Hammarström
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
- Division of Clinical Immunology at the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Xiao Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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13
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Hou X, Wang G, Fan W, Chen X, Mo C, Wang Y, Gong W, Wen X, Chen H, He D, Mo L, Jiang S, Ou M, Guo H, Liu H. T-cell receptor repertoires as potential diagnostic markers for patients with COVID-19. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 113:308-317. [PMID: 34688948 PMCID: PMC8530772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an ongoing global health emergency. T-cell receptors (TCRs) are crucial mediators of antiviral adaptive immunity. This study sought to comprehensively characterize the TCR repertoire changes in patients with COVID-19. Methods A large sample size multi-center randomized controlled trial was implemented to study the features of the TCR repertoire and identify COVID-19 disease-related TCR sequences. Results It was found that some T-cell receptor beta chain (TCRβ) features differed markedly between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls, including decreased repertoire diversity, longer complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) length, skewed utilization of the TCRβ variable gene/joining gene (TRBV/J), and a high degree of TCRβ sharing in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, this analysis showed that TCR repertoire diversity declines with aging, which may be a cause of the higher infection and mortality rates in elderly patients. Importantly, a set of TCRβ clones that can distinguish COVID-19 patients from healthy controls with high accuracy was identified. Notably, this diagnostic model demonstrates 100% specificity and 82.68% sensitivity at 0–3 days post diagnosis. Conclusions This study lays the foundation for immunodiagnosis and the development of medicines and vaccines for COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianliang Hou
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Wentao Fan
- Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of State Owned Assets Management, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Chune Mo
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Yongsi Wang
- Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Gong
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Xuyan Wen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan He
- Guangzhou Huayin Health Medical Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Mo
- Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Shaofeng Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541199, China
| | - Minglin Ou
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China
| | - Haonan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541001, China.
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, China.
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14
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Bi M, Shi J, Zhao Y, Li C. LncRNA PTTG3P induced aberrant glycosylated IgA1 production and B cell growth in IgA nephropathy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:56606-56614. [PMID: 34061272 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidences suggested that lncRNAs played functional role in several cell functions such as cell growth, invasion, migration, metabolize, apoptosis, and differentiation. However, roles of lncRNA in the development and progression of IgAN remain unknown. In this reference, we indicated that PTTG3P level was overexpressed in IgAN samples compared to healthy subject. PTTG3P expression was also higher in urinary of IgAN cases than in urinary of healthy control. Furthermore, the urinary expression of PTTG3P was correlated with PTTG3P expression in intra-renal of IgAN cases. PTTG3P overexpression induced B cell growth and enhanced cyclin D1 and ki-67 expression. Overexpression of PTTG3P induced IL-1β and IL-8 production. miR-383 level was decreased in IgAN samples compared to healthy subject. In addition, miR-383 expression was also lower in urinary of IgAN cases than in urinary of healthy control. Elevated miR-383 expression decreased luciferase intensity regulated with PTTG3P, while overexpression of miR-383 had no effect on luciferase intensity of the mutant PTTG3P. PTTG3P overexpression suppressed miR-383 expression in B cells. Ectopic miR-383 expression suppressed B cell growth and IL-1β and IL-8 production. Finally, we showed that overexpression of PTTG3P promoted B cell growth and IL-1β and IL-8 production via regulating miR-383. There results proved that PTTG3P played crucial role in progression of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Bi
- The Second Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Daqing Fifth Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - ChunMei Li
- The Second Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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15
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Zhang Y, Chen T, Zeng H, Yang X, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wang M, Zhu Y, Lan C, Wang Q, Tang H, Zhang Y, Wang C, Xie W, Ma C, Guan J, Guo S, Chen S, Yang W, Wei L, Ren J, Yu X, Zhang Z. RAPID: A Rep-Seq Dataset Analysis Platform With an Integrated Antibody Database. Front Immunol 2021; 12:717496. [PMID: 34484220 PMCID: PMC8414647 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.717496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibody repertoire is a critical component of the adaptive immune system and is believed to reflect an individual’s immune history and current immune status. Delineating the antibody repertoire has advanced our understanding of humoral immunity, facilitated antibody discovery, and showed great potential for improving the diagnosis and treatment of disease. However, no tool to date has effectively integrated big Rep-seq data and prior knowledge of functional antibodies to elucidate the remarkably diverse antibody repertoire. We developed a Rep-seq dataset Analysis Platform with an Integrated antibody Database (RAPID; https://rapid.zzhlab.org/), a free and web-based tool that allows researchers to process and analyse Rep-seq datasets. RAPID consolidates 521 WHO-recognized therapeutic antibodies, 88,059 antigen- or disease-specific antibodies, and 306 million clones extracted from 2,449 human IGH Rep-seq datasets generated from individuals with 29 different health conditions. RAPID also integrates a standardized Rep-seq dataset analysis pipeline to enable users to upload and analyse their datasets. In the process, users can also select set of existing repertoires for comparison. RAPID automatically annotates clones based on integrated therapeutic and known antibodies, and users can easily query antibodies or repertoires based on sequence or optional keywords. With its powerful analysis functions and rich set of antibody and antibody repertoire information, RAPID will benefit researchers in adaptive immune studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huikun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiujia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingxian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China.,Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haipei Tang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengrui Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research, Center for Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Precision Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Liu H, Pan W, Tang C, Tang Y, Wu H, Yoshimura A, Deng Y, He N, Li S. The methods and advances of adaptive immune receptors repertoire sequencing. Theranostics 2021; 11:8945-8963. [PMID: 34522220 PMCID: PMC8419057 DOI: 10.7150/thno.61390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune response is a powerful tool, capable of recognizing, binding to, and neutralizing a vast number of internal and external threats via T or B lymphatic receptors with widespread sets of antigen specificities. The emergence of high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics provides opportunities for research in the fields of life sciences and medicine. The analysis and annotation for immune repertoire data can reveal biologically meaningful information, including immune prediction, target antigens, and effective evaluation. Continuous improvements of the immunological repertoire sequencing methods and analysis tools will help to minimize the experimental and calculation errors and realize the immunological information to meet the clinical requirements. That said, the clinical application of adaptive immune repertoire sequencing requires appropriate experimental methods and standard analytical tools. At the population cell level, we can acquire the overview of cell groups, but the information about a single cell is not obtained accurately. The information that is ignored may be crucial for understanding the heterogeneity of each cell, gene expression and drug response. The combination of high-throughput sequencing and single-cell technology allows us to obtain single-cell information with low-cost and high-throughput. In this review, we summarized the current methods and progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Wenjing Pan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Congli Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yujie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Haijing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hu-nan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yan Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Nongyue He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Song Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
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17
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Alterations in thymocyte populations under conditions of endotoxin tolerance. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:1855-1865. [PMID: 34133355 PMCID: PMC8367067 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endotoxin tolerance (ET) is a protective phenomenon in which pre-treatment with a tolerance dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to dramatically elevated survival. Accumulating evidence has shown that peripheral T cells contribute to the induction of ET. However, what happens to T cell development in the thymus under ET conditions remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the alterations in thymocyte populations (double-positive [DP] and single-positive [SP] cells) under ET conditions. Methods: Mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS at a concentration of 5 mg/kg to establish an LPS tolerance model and were divided into two groups: a group examined 72 h after LPS injection (72-h group) and a group examined 8 days after LPS injection (8-day group). Injection of phosphate-buffered saline was used as a control (control group). Changes in thymus weight, cell counts, and morphology were detected in the three groups. Moreover, surface molecules such as CD4, CD8, CD44, CD69, and CD62L were analyzed using flow cytometry. Furthermore, proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine production, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway signaling were analyzed in thymocyte populations. The polymorphism and length of the T-cell receptor (TCR) β chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) were analyzed using capillary electrophoresis DNA laser scanning analysis (ABI 3730). Results: Thymus weight and cell counts were decreased in the early stage but recovered by the late stage in a murine model of LPS-induced ET. Moreover, the proportions of DP cells (control: 72.130 ± 4.074, 72-h: 10.600 ± 3.517, 8-day: 84.770 ± 2.228), CD4+ SP cells (control: 15.770 ± 4.419, 72-h: 44.670 ± 3.089, 8-day: 6.367 ± 0.513), and CD8+ SP cells (control: 7.000 ± 1.916, 72-h: 34.030 ± 3.850, 8-day: 5.133 ± 0.647) were obviously different at different stages of ET. The polymorphism and length of TCR β chain CDR3 also changed obviously, indicating the occurrence of TCR rearrangement and thymocyte diversification. Further analysis showed that the expression of surface molecules, including CD44, CD69, and CD62L, on thymocyte populations (DP and SP cells) were changed to different degrees. Finally, the proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine production, and ERK pathway signaling of thymocyte populations were changed significantly. Conclusion: These data reveal that alterations in thymocyte populations might contribute to the establishment of ET.
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18
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Su Z, Jin Y, Zhang Y, Guan Z, Li H, Chen X, Xie C, Zhang C, Liu X, Li P, Ye P, Zhang L, Kong Y, Luo W. The Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of the B-Cell Repertoire in Membranous Nephropathy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:635326. [PMID: 34122405 PMCID: PMC8190383 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Membranous nephropathy (MN), an autoimmune glomerular disease, is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults. In current clinical practice, the diagnosis is dependent on renal tissue biopsy. A new method for diagnosis and prognosis surveillance is urgently needed for patients. In the present study, we recruited 66 MN patients before any treatment and 11 healthy control (HC) and analyzed multiple aspects of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) repertoire of these samples using high-throughput sequencing. We found that the abnormalities of CDR-H3 length, hydrophobicity, somatic hypermutation (SHM), and germ line index were progressively more prominent in patients with MN, and the frequency of IGHV3-66 in post-therapy patients was significantly lower than that in pre-therapy patients. Moreover, we found that the IGHV3-38 gene was significantly related to PLA2R, which is the most commonly used biomarker. The most important discovery was that several IGHV, IGHD transcripts, CDR-H3 length, and SHM rate in pre-therapy patients had the potential to predict the therapeutic effect. Our study further demonstrated that the IGH repertoire could be a potential biomarker for prognosis prediction of MN. The landscape of circulating B-lymphocyte repertoires sheds new light on the detection and surveillance of MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhui Su
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yabin Jin
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Nephrology Department, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Zhanwen Guan
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Huishi Li
- Nephrology Department, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiangping Chen
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Chao Xie
- Nephrology Department, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Chuling Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Nephrology Department, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Peixian Li
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Peiyi Ye
- Nephrology Department, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Yaozhong Kong
- Nephrology Department, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Clinical Research Institute, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
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19
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Selvaskandan H, Shi S, Twaij S, Cheung CK, Barratt J. Monitoring Immune Responses in IgA Nephropathy: Biomarkers to Guide Management. Front Immunol 2020; 11:572754. [PMID: 33123151 PMCID: PMC7572847 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.572754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the commonest biopsy-reported primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. It has an incidence which peaks among young adults, and 30 to 40% of patients' progress to end stage kidney disease within twenty years of diagnosis. Ten-year kidney survival rates have been reported to be as low as 35% in some parts of the world. The successful management of IgAN is limited by an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology of IgAN and a poor understanding of how pathophysiology may vary both from patient to patient and between patient groups, particularly across races. This is compounded by a lack of rigorously designed and delivered clinical trials in IgAN. This is slowly changing, with a number of Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials of novel therapies targeting a number of different putative pathogenic pathways in IgAN due to report in the next 5 years. From our current, albeit limited, understanding of the pathophysiology of IgAN it is unlikely a single therapy will be effective in all patients with IgAN. The successful management of IgAN in the future is, therefore, likely to be reliant on targeted therapies, carefully selected based on an individualized understanding of a patient's risk of progression and underlying pathophysiology. The potential role of biomarkers to facilitate personalization of prognostication and treatment of IgAN is immense. Here we review the progress made over the past decade in identifying and validating new biomarkers, with a particular focus on those that reflect immunological responses in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haresh Selvaskandan
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Sufang Shi
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Twaij
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Chee Kay Cheung
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Barratt
- Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratories, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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20
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Zhang W, Wang L, Liu K, Wei X, Yang K, Du W, Wang S, Guo N, Ma C, Luo L, Wu J, Lin L, Yang F, Gao F, Wang X, Li T, Zhang R, Saksena NK, Yang H, Wang J, Fang L, Hou Y, Xu X, Liu X. PIRD: Pan Immune Repertoire Database. Bioinformatics 2020; 36:897-903. [PMID: 31373607 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION T and B cell receptors (TCRs and BCRs) play a pivotal role in the adaptive immune system by recognizing an enormous variety of external and internal antigens. Understanding these receptors is critical for exploring the process of immunoreaction and exploiting potential applications in immunotherapy and antibody drug design. Although a large number of samples have had their TCR and BCR repertoires sequenced using high-throughput sequencing in recent years, very few databases have been constructed to store these kinds of data. To resolve this issue, we developed a database. RESULTS We developed a database, the Pan Immune Repertoire Database (PIRD), located in China National GeneBank (CNGBdb), to collect and store annotated TCR and BCR sequencing data, including from Homo sapiens and other species. In addition to data storage, PIRD also provides functions of data visualization and interactive online analysis. Additionally, a manually curated database of TCRs and BCRs targeting known antigens (TBAdb) was also deposited in PIRD. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION PIRD can be freely accessed at https://db.cngb.org/pird.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Longlong Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China.,BGI-Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Kai Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Wensi Du
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China.,BGI-Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nannan Guo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Chuanchuan Ma
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Lihua Luo
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China.,BGI-Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinghua Wu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China.,BGI-Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liya Lin
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Fan Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Fei Gao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xie Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Tao Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Ruifang Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Nitin K Saksena
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lin Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yong Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.,China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
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21
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High-throughput sequencing analysis of genes encoding the B-lymphocyte receptor heavy-chain CDR3 in renal and peripheral blood of IgA nephropathy. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:BSR20190482. [PMID: 31551340 PMCID: PMC6822498 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common chronic glomerulonephritis. Its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. We thus explored the immune repertoire of the B-cell receptor (BCR) and the heavy-chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) in renal tissue and peripheral blood of IgAN patients. Method: Total RNAs extracted from renal tissues and peripheral blood of patients and peripheral blood of healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed via high-throughput multiplex PCR sequencing. We amplified and sequenced BCR heavy-chain CDR3 regions to explore repertoire diversity, V/J gene family distribution, CDR3 lengths, BCR heavy-chain variants, consistency between tissue and peripheral blood data, and clones ‘shared’ by these bodily compartments. Results: We identified the renal tissue and peripheral blood BCR heavy-chain CDR3 immune repertoires of 15 IgAN patients. Top1 could be more readily cloned from peripheral blood of patients than from controls (P<0.05), the average CDR3 length was significantly shorter in patients than in HCs (P<0.05), the variant frequency of the gene encoding the BCR heavy chain was higher in patients than in HCs (P<0.05), and the BCR variant frequency was highest in IgAN kidney tissue. Preliminary screening for ‘shared’ clones showed that, in at least 13 patients, the ‘ALYFHNSAY’, ‘ARWGPMYYYMDV’, ‘ARDQGALNA’, and ‘ARVDNPADF’ CDR3 sequences were evident in peripheral blood samples from patients, but not HCs. Conclusions: We found that the ‘ALYFHNSAY’, ‘ARWGPMYYYMDV’, ‘ARDQGALNA’, and ‘ARVDNPADF’ clonal sequences may be useful for noninvasive diagnosis and treatment planning in IgAN.
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22
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Wu J, Wang X, Lin L, Li X, Liu S, Zhang W, Luo L, Wan Z, Fang M, Zhao Y, Wang X, Mai H, Yuan X, Wen F, Li C, Liu X. Developing an Unbiased Multiplex PCR System to Enrich the TRB Repertoire Toward Accurate Detection in Leukemia. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1631. [PMID: 32849555 PMCID: PMC7423970 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate T cell receptor repertoire profiling has provided novel biological and clinical insights in widespread immunological settings; however, there is a lack of reference materials in the community that can be used to calibrate and optimize the various experimental systems in different laboratories. In this study, we designed and synthesized 611 T cell receptor (TCR) beta chain (TRB) templates and used them as reference materials to optimize the multiplex PCR experimental system to enrich the TRB repertoire. We assessed the stability of the optimized system by repeating the experiments in different batches and by remixing the TRB templates in different ratios. These TRB reference materials could be used as independent positive controls to assess the accuracy of the experimental system, and they can also be used as spike-in materials to calibrate the residual biases of the experimental system. We then used the optimized system to detect the minimal residual disease of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and showed a higher sensitivity compared with flow cytometry. We also interrogated how chemotherapy affected the TCR repertoire of patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Our result shows that high-avidity T cells, such as those targeting known pathogens, are largely selected during chemotherapy, despite the global immunosuppression. These T cells were stimulated and emerged at the time of induction treatment and further expanded during consolidation treatment, possibly to fight against infections. These data demonstrate that accurate immune repertoire information can improve our understanding of the adaptive immunity in leukemia and lead to better treatment management of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Wu
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | | | - Sixi Liu
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lihua Luo
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | | | - Yi Zhao
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huirong Mai
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuli Yuan
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feiqiu Wen
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changgang Li
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,Neoimmune, Shenzhen, China
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23
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Hu X, Du J, Xie Y, Huang Q, Xiao Y, Chen J, Yan S, Gong Z, Ouyang S. Fecal microbiota characteristics of Chinese patients with primary IgA nephropathy: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:97. [PMID: 32169051 PMCID: PMC7071635 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-01741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence has shown that the gut-renal connection and gut microbiota dysbiosis play a critical role in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). However, the fecal microbiome profile in Chinese patients with IgAN remains unknown. A cross-sectional study was designed for the first time to investigate the fecal microbiota compositions in patients with primary IgAN in China and to evaluate the relationship between the fecal microbiome and IgAN clinical presentation. METHODS Fecal samples were collected from 17 IgAN patients and 18 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy controls, and bacterial DNA was extracted for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region. RESULTS Fecal samples from the IgAN patients and healthy controls showed differences in gut microbiota community richness and compositions. Compared to the healthy controls, IgAN patients at the phylum level had an increased abundance of Fusobacteria, but a decreased abundance of Synergistetes. The significantly increased genera in the IgAN group were Escherichia-Shigella, Hungatella, and Eggerthella, all of which possess pathogenic potential. Furthermore, the genus Escherichia-Shigella was negatively associated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) but was positively associated with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR). However, the genus rectale_group was present in the IgAN group with a low abundance and was negatively associated with the uACR. Functional analysis disclosed that infection-related pathways were enriched in the IgAN group. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that gut microbiota dysbiosis occurs in patients with IgAN, and that changes in gut bacterial populations are closely related to IgAN clinical features, suggesting that certain specific gut microbiota may be a potential therapeutic target for IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhong Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The first-affiliated hospital of Hunan normal university, No. 61 Jie-fang West Road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Siyuan Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The first-affiliated hospital of Hunan normal university, No. 61 Jie-fang West Road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Zhicheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Shaxi Ouyang
- Department of Nephrology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The first-affiliated hospital of Hunan normal university, No. 61 Jie-fang West Road, Fu-Rong District, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China.
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24
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Li H, Yang X, Yao G, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Cao Y, An X, Li H, Chen H, Geng J, Yuan D, Jin X, Meng H. Triptolide inhibits tonsillar IgA production by upregulating FDC-SP in IgA nephropathy. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:599-608. [PMID: 31815288 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is primarily resulted of qualitative abnormality of IgA. The occurrence of IgAN is associated with affected tonsils which enhances the IgA production via IgA class switching and immuno-activation. Follicular dendritic cell-secreted protein (FDC-SP) was found to be a negative effect for IgA production in tonsil. The previous studies suggested that Triptolide might reduce IgA production by its immunosuppression role. Given this background, this study investigated the mechanisms underlying the role of Triptolide and FDC-SP in the generation of IgA and IgA class switching in tonsil of IgAN patients. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of FDC-SP was increased in the tonsils of IgAN patients with Triptolide treatment compared with those without treatment. Meanwhile, the expression of FDC-SP was negatively correlated with IgA inducing cytokines in the tonsils of IgAN patients treated with Triptolide, due to the significant decreased IgA-bearing cells. The expression of FDC-SP in tonsillar tissue was confirmed by double immunofluorescence. Importantly, Triptolide promoted FDC-SP secretion, and correlated negatively with decreased IgA production in isolated FDC-associated clusters, which had been isolated from patients without TW treatment previously. Our study demonstrated that Triptolide might have an impact on FDC-SP production and downregulation of IgA synthesis in the tonsils of IgAN patients, which could be a promising strategy for therapeutic intervention in IgAN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huining Li
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guodong Yao
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | | | - Yangyang Xu
- Department of urinary surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of urinary surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xushu An
- Department of urinary surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of urinary surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of urinary surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jingshu Geng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Dawei Yuan
- Department of Medical, Genesis Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Hongxue Meng
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.,Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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25
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Taylor S, Pieri K, Nanni P, Tica J, Barratt J, Didangelos A. Phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein-4 (PEBP4) is increased in IgA nephropathy and is associated with IgA-positive B-cells in affected kidneys. J Autoimmun 2019; 105:102309. [PMID: 31402200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide and a major cause of chronic kidney disease and failure. IgAN is driven by an autoimmune reaction against galactose-deficient IgA1 that results in the generation of autoantibodies and large IgG-IgA immune complexes. Immune complexes accumulate in the glomerular mesangium causing chronic inflammation and renal scarring. A significant proportion of IgAN patients develop end-stage kidney disease and require dialysis or transplantation. Currently, there are no approved specific therapies that can ameliorate the systemic autoimmune reaction in IgAN and no biomarkers that can predict renal inflammation and scarring. In this study, we used shotgun LC-MS/MS proteomics to compare small volumes of urine from healthy subjects and IgAN patients. We identified multiple urine proteins with unknown renal or IgAN function. Our attention was captured by the increase of phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein-4 (PEBP4) in IgAN urine. The function of PEBP4 in IgAN or renal disease is unknown. Increased levels of urine and serum PEBP4 were subsequently validated in different cohorts of IgAN patients and PEBP4 was linked to declining kidney function in IgAN. Strong PEBP4 staining was sporadically seen in IgAN kidney biopsies, colocalising with IgA in glomeruli and in the lumen of kidney tubules. In a small number of IgAN biopsies, PEBP4 colocalised with IgA and CD19 while the increased excretion of PEBP4 in IgAN urine was accompanied by increased excretion of classic B-cell factors BAFF, BCMA and TACI as well as IgA and IgG. PEBP4 is a new IgAN-related protein with unknown function and a likely renal disease marker in urine and serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Taylor
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Kyriaki Pieri
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Nanni
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jure Tica
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Barratt
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Athanasios Didangelos
- University of Leicester, Mayer IgA Nephropathy Laboratory, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, United Kingdom.
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