1
|
Larson DJ, Summers E, Brown SHM. Exploring how metronome pacing at varying movement speeds influences local dynamic stability and coordination variability of lumbar spine motion during repetitive lifting. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 93:103178. [PMID: 38217964 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Auditory metronomes have been used to preserve movement consistency when examining local dynamic stability (LDS) and coordination variability (CV) of lumbar spine motion during repetitive movements. However, the potential influence of the metronome itself on these outcome measures has rarely been considered. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of different metronome paces (i.e., lifting speeds) on measures of lumbar spine LDS and thorax-pelvis CV during a repetitive lifting/lowering task in comparison to self-paced movements. Ten participants completed 5 repetitive lift/lower trials, where participants completed 35 consecutive repetitions (analysis on last 30 repetitions) at a self-selected pace for the first and last trial, and were paced by a 10 lift/min, 15 lift/min, and 20 lift/min metronome, in randomized order, for the remaining three trials. The average self-paced lift/lower speed before and after experiencing the three different metronome paced speeds was 16.2 (±1.02) and 17.2 (±0.73) lifts/min, respectively, and the most-preferred metronome pace trial was 15 lifts/min. Thorax-pelvis CV during the self-paced trials were similar (p > 0.05) to the 15 lift/min metronome paced trials, while greater thorax-pelvis CV was observed for the 10 lift/min compared to the 15 lift/min and 20 lift/min and second self-paced trial (all p < 0.026). This movement speed effect was not observed for lumbar spine LDS; however, more-dynamically stable movements were observed during all metronome paced trials in comparison to the self-paced trials. This study highlights that careful consideration is required when employing a metronome to control/manipulate movement characteristics while examining neuromuscular control using non-linear dynamical systems measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J Larson
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Elspeth Summers
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen H M Brown
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Trunk stability in fatiguing frequency-dependent lifting activities. Gait Posture 2023; 102:72-79. [PMID: 36934473 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related low-back disorders (WLBDs) are one of the most frequent and costly musculoskeletal conditions. It has been showed that WLBDs may occur when intervertebral or torso equilibrium is altered by a biomechanical perturbations or neuromuscular control error. The capacity to react to such disturbances is heavily determined by the spinal stability, provided by active and passive tissues and controlled by the central nervous system. RESEARCH QUESTION This study aims to investigate trunk stability through the Lyapunov's maximum exponent during repetitive liftings in relation to risk level, as well as to evaluate its ability to discriminate these risk levels. METHODS Fifteen healthy volunteers performed fatiguing lifting tasks at three different frequencies corresponding to low, medium, and high risk levels according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) equation. We investigated changes in spinal stability during fatiguing lifting tasks at different risk levels using the maximum Lyapunov's index (λMax) computed from trunk accelerations recorded by placing three IMUs at pelvis, lower and upper spine levels. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to determine if there was any significant effect on λMax among the three risk levels and the time (start, mid, and end of the task). Additionally, we examined the Pearson's correlation of λMax with the trunk muscle co-activation, computed from trunk sEMG. RESULTS Our findings show an increase in trunk stability with increasing risk level and as the lifting task progressed over time. A negative correlation between λMax and trunk co-activation was observed which illustrates that the increase in spinal stability could be partially attributed to increased trunk muscle co-activation. SIGNIFICANCE This study highlights the possibility of generating stability measures from kinematic data as risk assessment features in fatiguing tasks which may prove useful to detect the risk of developing work-related low back pain disorders and allow the implementation of early ergonomic interventions.
Collapse
|
3
|
Nonlinear Analyses Distinguish Load Carriage Dynamics in Walking and Standing: A Systematic Review. J Appl Biomech 2022; 38:434-447. [PMID: 36170973 DOI: 10.1123/jab.2022-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Load carriage experiments are typically performed from a linear perspective that assumes that movement variability is equivalent to error or noise in the neuromuscular system. A complimentary, nonlinear perspective that treats variability as the object of study has generated important results in movement science outside load carriage settings. To date, no systematic review has yet been conducted to understand how load carriage dynamics change from a nonlinear perspective. The goal of this systematic review is to fill that need. Relevant literature was extracted and reviewed for general trends involving nonlinear perspectives on load carriage. Nonlinear analyses that were used in the reviewed studies included sample, multiscale, and approximate entropy; the Lyapunov exponent; fractal analysis; and relative phase. In general, nonlinear tools successfully distinguish between unloaded and loaded conditions in standing and walking, although not in a consistent manner. The Lyapunov exponent and entropy were the most used nonlinear methods. Two noteworthy findings are that entropy in quiet standing studies tends to decrease, whereas the Lyapunov exponent in walking studies tends to increase, both due to added load. Thus, nonlinear analyses reveal altered load carriage dynamics, demonstrating promise in applying a nonlinear perspective to load carriage while also underscoring the need for more research.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghasemi MH, Anbarian M, Esmaeili H. Immediate effects of using insoles with various wedges on activation and co-contraction indices of selected trunk muscles during load lifting. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 88:103195. [PMID: 32678767 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trunk muscles play an important role during load lifting and contract to control trunk stability. The aim of present study was to investigate immediate effects of using various insole wedges on activation and co-contraction indices of selected trunk muscles during load lifting. Thirty able-bodied males completed load lifting task using nine various insole wedges. The results showed these significant differences: for normalized mean amplitude of RA muscle between posterior and anterior-medial wedges and for QL muscle between posterior and lateral wedges, for normalized peak amplitude of RA muscle between posterior and anterior-medial wedges, for median frequency of LES muscle between anterior-medial and anterior-lateral wedges, and for co-contraction of RA/TES, RA/LES and RA/MU between posterior and anterior-medial wedges (P = 0.001). These findings should be considered during designation of shoe or insole for work environments. Future studies need to assess other biomechanical aspects of using various insole wedges during work-related tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hosein Ghasemi
- Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Anbarian
- Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Esmaeili
- Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ataei G, Abedi R, Mohammadi Y, Fatouraee N. Analysing the effect of wearable lift-assist vest in squat lifting task using back muscle EMG data and musculoskeletal model. Phys Eng Sci Med 2020; 43:651-658. [PMID: 32524453 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-020-00872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The most common disorders of the musculoskeletal system are low back disorders. They cause significant direct and indirect costs to different societies especially in lifting occupations. To reduce the risk of low back disorders, mechanical lifting aids have been used to decrease low back muscle forces. But there are very few direct ways to calculate muscle forces and examine the effect of personal lift-assist devices, so biomechanical models ought to be used to examine the quality of these devices for assisting back muscles in lifting tasks. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of a designed wearable lift-assist vest (WLAV) in the reduction of erector spinae muscle forces during symmetric squat lifting tasks. Two techniques of muscle calculation were used, the electromyography-based method and the optimization-based model. The first uses electromyography data of erector spinae muscles and its linear relationship with muscle force to estimate their forces, and the second uses a developed musculoskeletal model to calculate back muscle forces using an optimization-based method. The results show that these techniques reduce the average value of erector spinae muscle forces by 45.38 (± 4.80) % and 42.03 (± 8.24) % respectively. Also, both methods indicated approximately the same behaviour in changing muscle forces during 10 to 60 degrees of trunk flexion using WLAV. The use of WLAV can help to reduce the activity of low back muscles in lifting tasks by transferring the external load effect to the assistive spring system utilized in it, so this device may help people lift for longer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Ataei
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Rasoul Abedi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Fatouraee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A comparison of methods to quantify control of the spine. J Biomech 2019; 96:109344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
Larson DJ, Wang Y, Zwambag DP, Brown SHM. Characterizing Local Dynamic Stability of Lumbar Spine Sub-regions During Repetitive Trunk Flexion-Extension Movements. Front Sports Act Living 2019; 1:48. [PMID: 33344971 PMCID: PMC7739619 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a technique of tracking intersegmental spine kinematics via skin surface markers, this study aimed to estimate local dynamic spine stability across smaller sub-regions (or segments) of the lumbar spine while also considering the impact of an external pelvic constraint during repetitive movements. Sixteen participants (10 males) performed two trials [Free Motion (FM), Pelvis Constrained (PC)] each consisting of 65 repetitive trunk flexion-extension movements to assess dynamic spine stability using maximum Lyapunov exponents (LyE). First, results indicated that LyE obtained from analysis of 30 repetitive flexion-extension movements did not differ from those obtained from analysis of greater numbers of repetitive movements, which aligns with results from a previous study for the whole lumbar spine. Next, for both males and females, and FM and PC trials, the most caudal region of the lumbar spine behaved the most dynamically stable, while upper lumbar regions behaved the most dynamically unstable. Finally, females demonstrated greater lumbar and intersegmental stability (lower LyE) during PC trials compared to FM, while males demonstrated slightly decreased lumbar and intersegmental stability (higher LyE) during PC trials compared to FM; this resulted in PC trials, but not FM trials, being different between sexes. Altogether, these data show that dynamic stability of lumbar spine sub-regions may be related to the proximity of the motion segment to rigid skeletal structures, and that consideration is needed when deciding whether to constrain the pelvis during analyses of dynamic spine stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J Larson
- Spine and Muscle Biomechanics Lab, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Yunxi Wang
- Spine and Muscle Biomechanics Lab, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Derek P Zwambag
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen H M Brown
- Spine and Muscle Biomechanics Lab, Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Beange KHE, Chan ADC, Beaudette SM, Graham RB. Concurrent validity of a wearable IMU for objective assessments of functional movement quality and control of the lumbar spine. J Biomech 2019; 97:109356. [PMID: 31668717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are being recognized in clinical and rehabilitation settings for their ability to assess movement-related disorders of the spine for better guidance of treatment-planning and tracking of recovery. This study evaluated the Mbientlab MetaMotionR IMUs, relative to Vicon motion capture equipment in measuring local dynamic stability of the spine (quantified using maximum finite-time Lyapunov exponent; λmax), lumbopelvic coordination (quantified using mean absolute relative phase; MARP), and intersegmental motor variability (quantified using deviation phase; DP) of lumbopelvic segments in 10 participants during 35 cycles of repetitive spine flexion-extension (FE). Intraclass correlations were strong between systems when using both the FE angle time-series and the sum of squares (SS) time-series to measure local dynamic stability (0.807 ≤ICC2,1λmax,FE ≤ 0.919; 0.738 ≤ ICC2,1λmax,SS ≤ 0.868), sagittal-plane lumbopelvic coordination (0.961 ≤ICC2,1MARP ≤ 0.963), and sagittal-plane lumbopelvic variability (0.961 ≤ICC2,1DP ≤ 0.963). It was concluded that the MetaMotionR IMUs can be reliably used for measuring features associated with spine movement quality and motor control during a repetitive FE task. Future work will assess the reliability of sensor placement, performance during multi-directional movements, and ability to discern clinical and healthy populations based on assessment of movement quality and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen H E Beange
- Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada; Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrian D C Chan
- Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 200 Lees Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada; Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shawn M Beaudette
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 200 Lees Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ryan B Graham
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 200 Lees Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada; Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mavor MP, Graham RB. The effects of protective footwear on spine control and lifting mechanics. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 76:122-129. [PMID: 30642517 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Manual materials handling is often performed in hazardous environments where protective footwear must be worn; however, workers can wear different types of footwear depending on the hazards present. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate how three-dimensional lifting mechanics and trunk local dynamic stability are affected by different types of protective footwear (i.e. steel-toed shoes (unlaced boot), steel-toed boots (work boot), and steel-toed boots with a metatarsal guard (MET)). Twelve males and twelve females performed a repetitive lifting task at 10% of their maximum lifting effort, under three randomized footwear conditions. Footwear type influenced ankle range of motion (ROM). The work boot condition reduced ankle sagittal ROM (p = 0.007) and the MET condition reduced ankle ROM in the sagittal (p = 0.004), frontal (p = 0.001) and transverse (p = 0.003) planes. Despite these differences at the ankle, no other changes in participant lifting mechanics were observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Mavor
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Ryan B Graham
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave E, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Madinei S, Ning X. Effects of the weight configuration of hand load on trunk musculature during static weight holding. ERGONOMICS 2018; 61:831-838. [PMID: 28965479 PMCID: PMC5929471 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1387675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The performance of manual material handling tasks is one major cause of lower back injuries. In the current study, we investigated the influence of the weight configuration of hand loads on trunk muscle activities and the associated spinal stability. Thirteen volunteers each performed static weight-holding tasks using two different 9 kg weight bars (with medial and lateral weight configurations) at two levels of height (low and high) and one fixed horizontal distance (which resulted in constant spinal joint moment across conditions). Results of the current study demonstrated that holding the laterally distributed load significantly reduced activation levels of lumbar and abdominal muscles by 9-13% as compared with holding the medially distributed load. We believe such an effect is due to an elevated rotational moment of inertia when the weight of the load is laterally distributed. These findings suggest that during the design and assessment of manual material handling tasks, such as lifting and carrying, the weight configuration of the hand load should be considered. Practitioner summary: Elevated trunk muscle activities were found when holding a medially distributed load vs. a laterally distributed load (with an equivalent external moment to the spine), indicating a reduced spinal stability due to the reduced rotational moment of inertia. The configuration of the hand load should be considered when evaluating manual material handling tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Madinei
- a The Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering , West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Xiaopeng Ning
- a The Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering , West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Duncan CA, Ingram TGJ, Mansfield A, McIlroy WE, Byrne JM. Differences in Lower Limb Muscle Activation and Centre of Pressure Movement Between Expert Workers and Novices in Simulated Maritime Environments. IISE Trans Occup Ergon Hum Factors 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24725838.2018.1450309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A. Duncan
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Physical Education Building, St. John's, NL, Canada, A1C 5S7
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N2L 3G1
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 2A2
| | - Tony G. J. Ingram
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Physical Education Building, St. John's, NL, Canada, A1C 5S7
| | - Avril Mansfield
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N2L 3G1
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 2A2
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - William E. McIlroy
- Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, M4N 3M5
| | - Jeannette M. Byrne
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Physical Education Building, St. John's, NL, Canada, A1C 5S7
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N2L 3G1
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Beaudette SM, Howarth SJ, Graham RB, Brown SH. On the use of a Euclidean norm function for the estimation of local dynamic stability from 3D kinematics using time-delayed Lyapunov analyses. Med Eng Phys 2016; 38:1139-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
13
|
Worden TA, Beaudette SM, Brown SHM, Vallis LA. Estimating Gait Stability: Asymmetrical Loading Effects Measured Using Margin of Stability and Local Dynamic Stability. J Mot Behav 2016; 48:455-67. [PMID: 27253774 DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2015.1134433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Changes to intersegmental locomotor control patterns may affect body stability. Our study aimed to (a) characterize upper body dynamic stability in response to the unilateral addition of mass to the lower extremity and (b) evaluate the efficacy of 2 different stability measures commonly used in the literature to detect resulting symmetrical step pattern modifications across the weighted segments (spatial) and between epochs of the gait cycle (temporal). Young adults walked on a treadmill while unloaded or with weights applied unilaterally to their foot, shank, or thigh. Both margin of stability and local dynamic stability (LDS) estimates detected similar trends of distal segment weighting resulting in more unstable upper body movement compared to proximal weighting; however only LDS detected anteroposterior changes in upper body stability over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A Worden
- a Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Guelph , Ontario , Canada
| | - Shawn M Beaudette
- a Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Guelph , Ontario , Canada
| | - Stephen H M Brown
- a Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Guelph , Ontario , Canada
| | - Lori Ann Vallis
- a Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Guelph , Ontario , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Low back skin sensitivity has minimal impact on active lumbar spine proprioception and stability in healthy adults. Exp Brain Res 2016; 234:2215-26. [PMID: 27010722 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-016-4625-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current work was to (1) determine whether low back cutaneous sensitivity could be reduced through the use of a topical lidocaine-prilocaine anesthetic (EMLA(®)) to mirror reductions reported in chronic lower back pain (CLBP) patients, as well as to (2) identify whether reductions in cutaneous sensitivity resulted in decreased lumbar spine proprioception, neuromuscular control and dynamic stability. Twenty-eight healthy participants were divided equally into matched EMLA and PLACEBO treatment groups. Groups completed cutaneous minimum monofilament and two-point discrimination (TPD) threshold tests, as well as tests of sagittal and axial lumbar spine active repositioning error, seated balance and repeated lifting dynamic stability. These tests were administered both before and after the application of an EMLA or PLACEBO treatment. Results show that low back minimum monofilament and TPD thresholds were significantly increased within the EMLA group. Skin sensitivity remained unchanged in the PLACEBO group. In the EMLA group, decreases in low back cutaneous sensitivity had minimal effect on low back proprioception (active sagittal and axial repositioning) and dynamic stability (seated balance and repeated lifting). These findings demonstrate that treating the skin of the low back with an EMLA anesthetic can effectively decrease the cutaneous sensitivity of low back region. Further, these decreases in peripheral cutaneous sensitivity are similar in magnitude to those reported in CLBP patients. Within this healthy population, decreased cutaneous sensitivity of the low back region has minimal influence on active lumbar spine proprioception, neuromuscular control and dynamic stability.
Collapse
|
15
|
Beaudette SM, Worden TA, Kamphuis M, Ann Vallis L, Brown SHM. Local Dynamic Joint Stability During Human Treadmill Walking in Response to Lower Limb Segmental Loading Perturbations. J Biomech Eng 2015; 137:2382284. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4030944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Our purpose was to quantify changes in local dynamic stability (LDS) of the lumbar spine, hip, knee, and ankle in response to changes in lower limb segment mass, as well as to quantify temporal adaptations to segment loading during treadmill walking. Results demonstrate that increased mass distal to a joint yields either the maintenance of, or increased stabilization of, that particular joint relative to the unloaded condition. Increased mass proximal to a particular joint resulted in joint destabilization. The hip and ankle LDS were observed to change temporally, independent of segment loading condition, suggesting adaptation to walking on a treadmill interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M. Beaudette
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada e-mail:
| | - Timothy A. Worden
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada e-mail:
| | - Megan Kamphuis
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada e-mail:
| | - Lori Ann Vallis
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada e-mail:
| | - Stephen H. M. Brown
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gsell KY, Beaudette SM, Graham RB, Brown SHM. The effect of different ranges of motion on local dynamic stability of the elbow during unloaded repetitive flexion-extension movements. Hum Mov Sci 2015; 42:193-202. [PMID: 26048713 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Local dynamic stability (LDS) of movement is controlled primarily by active muscles, and is known to be influenced by factors such as movement speed and inertial load. Other factors such as muscle length, the length of the target trajectory, and the resistance of passive tissues through ranges of motion (ROM) may also influence LDS. This study was designed to examine the effect of ROM, which impacts each of the aforementioned factors, on LDS of the elbow. 16 participants performed 30 unloaded, repetitive, flexion-extension movements of the elbow with varying (1) angular displacement magnitudes: 40° and 80°; (2) locations of ROM: mid-range, flexion end-range, extension end-range; and (3) rotated positions of the forearm: pronated and supinated. LDS was calculated using a finite time Lyapunov analysis of angular elbow flexion-extension kinematic data. EMG-based muscle activation and co-contraction data were also examined for possible mechanisms of stabilization. Results showed no changes in LDS with any movement condition; however, there were significant effects on muscle activation with ROM location and forearm rotated position. This suggests that a consistent level of LDS of the elbow through varying ROMs is maintained, at least in part, by the active control of the elbow flexor and extensor muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Y Gsell
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Shawn M Beaudette
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Ryan B Graham
- School of Physical & Health Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON P1B 8L7, Canada
| | - Stephen H M Brown
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Howarth SJ, Graham RB. Sensor positioning and experimental constraints influence estimates of local dynamic stability during repetitive spine movements. J Biomech 2015; 48:1219-23. [PMID: 25680296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Application of non-linear dynamics analyses to study human movement has increased recently, which necessitates an understanding of how dependent measures may be influenced by experimental design and setup. Quantifying local dynamic stability for a multi-articulated structure such as the spine presents the possibility for estimates to be influenced by positioning of kinematic sensors used to measure spine angular kinematics. Oftentimes researchers will also choose to constrain the spine's movement by physically restraining the pelvis and/or using targets to control movement endpoints. Ten healthy participants were recruited, and asked to perform separate trials of 35 consecutive cycles of spine flexion under both constrained and unconstrained conditions. Electromagnetic sensors that measure three-dimensional angular orientations were positioned over the pelvis and the spinous processes of L3, L1, and T11. Using the pelvic sensor as a reference, each sensor location on the spine was used to obtain a different representation of the three-dimensional spine angular kinematics. Local dynamic stability of each kinematic time-series was determined by calculating the maximum finite-time Lyapunov exponent (λmax). Estimates for λmax were significantly lower (i.e. dynamically more stable) for spine kinematic data obtained from the L3 sensor than those obtained from kinematic data using either the L1 or T11 sensors. Likewise, λmax was lower when the movement was constrained. These results emphasize the importance of proper placement of instrumentation for quantifying local dynamic stability of spine kinematics and are especially relevant for repeated measures designs where data are obtained from the same individual on multiple days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Howarth
- Department of Graduate Education and Research Programs, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Ryan B Graham
- School of Physical Health and Education, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The Effects of Experimentally Induced Low Back Pain on Spine Rotational Stiffness and Local Dynamic Stability. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 43:2120-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
19
|
Harriss AB, Brown SH. Effects of changes in muscle activation level and spine and hip posture on erector spinae fiber orientation. Muscle Nerve 2015; 51:426-33. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.24309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra B. Harriss
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences; University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East; Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Stephen H.M. Brown
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences; University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East; Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
| |
Collapse
|