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Khankhum S, Khamkaew K, Li H, Prakitchaiwattana C, Siriamornpun S. Impact of Plant Oil Supplementation on Lipid Production and Fatty Acid Composition in Cunninghamella elegans TISTR 3370. Microorganisms 2024; 12:992. [PMID: 38792821 PMCID: PMC11124419 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Cunninghamella genus has been utilized for the production of PUFA-rich lipids. Therefore, we investigate the impact of plant oil supplementation in the culture medium (soybean oil, rice bran oil, and perilla oil), selected based on their different fatty acid predominant, on lipid production and fatty acid composition in C. elegans (TISTR 3370). All oils significantly boosted fungal growth, each influencing distinct patterns of lipid accumulation within the cells. The cells exhibited distinct patterns of lipid accumulation, forming intracellular lipid bodies, influenced by the different oils. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were found to be the most abundant, followed by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in the fungal lipid cultures. Oleic acid was identified as the primary MUFA, while palmitic acid was the predominant SFA in perilla oil supplements. Remarkably, perilla oil supplement provided the highest total lipid production with arachidonic acid being exclusively detected. The percentage of PUFAs ranged from 12% in the control to 33% in soybean oil, 32% in rice bran oil, and 61% in perilla oil supplements. These findings offer valuable opportunities for advancing biotechnological applications in lipid production and customization, with implications for food and nutrition as well as pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Khankhum
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai 44150, Maha Sarakham, Thailand;
| | - Karnjana Khamkaew
- Senangkhanikhom School, Secondary Educational Service Area Office Ubonratchathani—Amnat Charoen, Senangkhanikhom 73290, Amnat Charoen, Thailand;
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Cuisine and Nutrition, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China;
| | - Chuenjit Prakitchaiwattana
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Payatai, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Sirithon Siriamornpun
- Research Unit of Thai Food Innovation, Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai 44150, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
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An Q, Deng SM, Zhao B, Huang C, Yang JX. Bioflocculation characteristics of bound extracellular polymers substances from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3 and behavior of polysaccharides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113436. [PMID: 37406463 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the bioflocculation characteristics of bound extracellular polymers substances (B-EPS), which were extracted from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3. The flocculation efficiency of B-EPS achieved about 80%- 95% with an initial pH of 4-7, kaolin concentrations of 3-7 g L-1, temperature of 25-100 ℃ and B-EPS dosage of 9-105 mg L-1. The bioflocculation process of B-EPS conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetic mode, suggesting that the bioflocculation belonged to chemical adsorption process. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments demonstrated that both polysaccharides and proteins were active components for bioflocculation. The polysaccharides were irregular aggregates with rough and porous surfaces and contained hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which helped to promote bridging effect. Ribose, glucose and galactose were the main monosaccharides of polysaccharides. The molecular weight of the polysaccharides was relatively small, but the relatively loose configuration exposed more ion bridging sites, thus promoting the bioflocculation. Optimizing the ingredients of culture medium and culture time for B-EPS were effective strategies to increase the yield of flocculation active components. When the conditions were 10% of 2 g L-1 KH2PO4 + 5 g L-1 K2HPO4, 0.05% of Tween-80, citrate as carbon source and 32-48 h of culture time, both proteins and polysaccharides in B-EPS were significantly improved. This study gives an in-deep understanding on the flocculation characteristics of a novel bioflocculant from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3, which is conducive to the widespread application of bioflocculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang An
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Shu Man Deng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Chuang Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Ji Xiang Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, PR China
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Ma Q, Zhou W, Du X, Huang H, Gong Z. Combined dilute sulfuric acid and Tween 80 pretreatment of corn stover significantly improves the enzyme digestibility: synergistic removal of hemicellulose and lignin. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 382:129218. [PMID: 37217142 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment is a prerequisite to tackle the issue of biomass recalcitrance, which is the major hindrance of lignocellulose-to-sugars routes. In the present study, a novel combination of dilute sulfuric acid (dilute-H2SO4) with Tween 80 pretreatment of corn stover (CS) was developed to significantly enhance the enzyme digestibility. Strong synergistic effects of H2SO4 and Tween 80 for simultaneously eliminating hemicellulose and lignin and significantly promoting saccharification yield were observed. A response surface optimization realized the maximum monomeric sugar yield of 95.06% at 120 °C for 1.4 h with 0.75wt% of H2SO4 and 73.92 wt% of Tween 80. The excellent enzyme susceptibility of pretreated CS was explained by their physical and chemical characteristics via SEM, XRD, and FITR. The repeatedly recovered pretreatment liquor exerted highly-effective reusability in the subsequent pretreatments for at least four cycles. This strategy offers a highly-efficient and practical pretreatment strategy, which provides valuable information for the lignocellulose-to-sugars routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishuai Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 947 Heping Road, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 947 Heping Road, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China; HuBei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 947 Heping Road, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 947 Heping Road, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, 947 Heping Road, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China; HuBei Province Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China.
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Qin L, Feng P, Al-Haimi AANM, Wang Z, Zhu S. Investigating the effects of surfactants on Chlorella pyrenoidosa in the hydrolysis acidification liquor by integrated physiochemical and transcriptome analyses. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Polysorbate 21 Can Modulate the Antibacterial Potential of Two Pyrazol Derivatives. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121819. [PMID: 36551246 PMCID: PMC9776004 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of two compounds with known antimicrobial activity may, in some cases, be an effective way to limit the resistance to antibiotics of specific pathogens. Molecules carrying pyrazole moiety are well known for their bioactive properties and have wide applicability in the medical and pharmaceutical field. Surfactants have, among other useful properties, the ability to affect the growth of microorganisms. The paper reports on the effect of the combination of two pyrazole derivatives, (1H-pyrazol-1-yl) methanol 1-hydroxymethylpyrazole (SAM1) and 1,1'methandiylbis (1H-pyrazol) (AM1), with sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 21, Tween 21, T21) on the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results demonstrated a different ability of this combination to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. T21 intensified the inhibitory activity of the pyrazoles to a greater extent in the Gram-negative bacteria compared to the Gram-positive ones, a fact confirmed by time-kill experiments. The experimental data showed that the association of T21 with the pyrazoles led to the increased release of intracellular material and a more intense uptake of crystal violet, which indicates that the potentiation of the antibacterial effect was based on the modification of the normal permeability of bacterial cells. T21 acted as a modulating factor and increased the permeability of the membrane, allowing the accelerated penetration of the pyrazoles inside the bacterial cells. This fact is important in controlling the global increase in microbial resistance to antibiotics and antimicrobials and finding viable solutions to overcome the antibiotic crisis. The paper highlights the possibility of using non-toxic surfactant molecules in antimicrobial combinations with practical applications. This could widen the range of adjuvants in applications which would be useful in the control of resistant microorganisms.
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Patel AK, Chauhan AS, Kumar P, Michaud P, Gupta VK, Chang JS, Chen CW, Dong CD, Singhania RR. Emerging prospects of microbial production of omega fatty acids: Recent updates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127534. [PMID: 35777644 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Healthy foods containing omega-3/omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been in great demand because of their unique dietary and health properties. Reduction in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases has shown their therapeutic and health-promoting effects when consumed under recommended ratio 1:1-1:4, however imbalanced ratios (>1:4, high omega-6) enhance these risks. The importance of omega-6 is apparent however microbial production favors larger production of omega-3. Current research focus is prerequisite to designing omega-6 production strategies for better application prospects, for which thraustochytrids could be promising due to higher lipid productivity. This review provides recent updates on essential fatty acids production from potential microbes and their application, especially major insights on omega research, also discussed the novel possible strategies to promote omega-3 and omega-6 accumulation via engineering and omics approaches. It covers strategies to block the conversion of omega-6 into omega-3 by enzyme inhibition, nanoparticle-mediated regulation and/or metabolic flux regulation, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ajeet Singh Chauhan
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institute Pascal, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Konstantinov DK, Menzorov A, Krivenko O, Doroshkov AV. Isolation and transcriptome analysis of a biotechnologically promising Black Sea protist, Thraustochytrium aureum ssp. strugatskii. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12737. [PMID: 35287351 PMCID: PMC8917795 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Marine protists are an important part of the ocean ecosystem. They may possess unique sets of biosynthetic pathways and, thus, be promising model organisms for metabolic engineering for producing substances for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and perfume industries. Currently, full-genome data are available just for a limited number of protists hampering their use in biotechnology. Methods We characterized the morphology of a new cultured strain of Thraustochytriaceae isolated from the Black Sea ctenophore Beroe ovata using phase-contrast microscopy. Cell culture was performed in the FAND culture medium based on fetal bovine serum and DMEM. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the 18S rRNA sequence. We also conducted a transcriptome assembly and compared the data with the closest species. Results The protist belongs to the genus Thraustochytrium based on the 18S rRNA sequence analysis. We designated the isolated protist as T. aureum ssp. strugatskii. The closest species with the genome assembly is Schizochytrium aggregatum. Transcriptome analysis revealed the majority of the fatty acid synthesis enzymes. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the T. aureum ssp. strugatskii is a promising candidate for biotechnological use. Together with the previously available, our data would allow the establishment of an accurate phylogeny of the family Thraustochytriaceae. Also, it could be a reference point for studying the evolution of the enzyme families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii K. Konstantinov
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia,Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Aleksei Menzorov
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia,Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga Krivenko
- A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Sevastopol, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Doroshkov
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia,Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia,Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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Naomi David A, Sewsynker-Sukai Y, Gueguim Kana EB. Co-valorization of corn cobs and dairy wastewater for simultaneous saccharification and lactic acid production: Process optimization and kinetic assessment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126815. [PMID: 35134524 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study optimized the co-valorization of corn cob wastes (CCW) and dairy wastewater for simultaneous saccharification and lactic acid (LA) production (sDWW-SSF). Subsequently, the kinetics of Lactobacillus plantarum growth and LA production was assessed using the optimized conditions under microaerophilic (sDWW-SSFmicroaerophilic) and anaerobic (sDWW-SSFanaerobic) conditions, and thereafter compared to De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium modified with pretreated CCW (mMRS-SSFmicroaerophilic). Optimized sDWW-SSF conditions produced maximum LA concentration and conversion of 11.15 ± 0.42 g/L and 18.90 ± 0.75%, respectively. Kinetic studies revealed that although the mMRS-SSFmicroaerophilic system obtained a higher maximum specific growth rate (μmax) and maximum potential LA concentration (Pm) compared to the wastewater-based bioprocesses, the data obtained for the latter were comparable when taking the resources and costs into consideration. These findings represent the potential to eliminate the use of valuable resources in lignocellulosic bioprocesses and provide insights on innovation towards driving a sustainable economy in line with the food-energy-water nexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthea Naomi David
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Y Sewsynker-Sukai
- University of Fort Hare, Fort Hare Institute of Technology, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | - E B Gueguim Kana
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
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Horn KJ, Jaberi Vivar AC, Arenas V, Andani S, Janoff EN, Clark SE. Corynebacterium Species Inhibit Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization and Infection of the Mouse Airway. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:804935. [PMID: 35082772 PMCID: PMC8784410 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.804935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability and composition of the airway microbiome is an important determinant of respiratory health. Some airway bacteria are considered to be beneficial due to their potential to impede the acquisition and persistence of opportunistic bacterial pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Among such organisms, the presence of Corynebacterium species correlates with reduced S. pneumoniae in both adults and children, in whom Corynebacterium abundance is predictive of S. pneumoniae infection risk. Previously, Corynebacterium accolens was shown to express a lipase which cleaves host lipids, resulting in the production of fatty acids that inhibit growth of S. pneumoniae in vitro. However, it was unclear whether this mechanism contributes to Corynebacterium-S. pneumoniae interactions in vivo. To address this question, we developed a mouse model for Corynebacterium colonization in which colonization with either C. accolens or another species, Corynebacterium amycolatum, significantly reduced S. pneumoniae acquisition in the upper airway and infection in the lung. Moreover, the lungs of co-infected mice had reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory myeloid cells, indicating resolution of infection-associated inflammation. The inhibitory effect of C. accolens on S. pneumoniae in vivo was mediated by lipase-dependent and independent effects, indicating that both this and other bacterial factors contribute to Corynebacterium-mediated protection in the airway. We also identified a previously uncharacterized bacterial lipase in C. amycolatum that is required for inhibition of S. pneumoniae growth in vitro. Together, these findings demonstrate the protective potential of airway Corynebacterium species and establish a new model for investigating the impact of commensal microbiota, such as Corynebacterium, on maintaining respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadi J. Horn
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Alexander C. Jaberi Vivar
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Vera Arenas
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sameer Andani
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Edward N. Janoff
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sarah E. Clark
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
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Chi G, Xu Y, Cao X, Li Z, Cao M, Chisti Y, He N. Production of polyunsaturated fatty acids by Schizochytrium (Aurantiochytrium) spp. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 55:107897. [PMID: 34974158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diverse health benefits are associated with dietary consumption of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LC-PUFA), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Traditionally, these fatty acids have been obtained from fish oil, but limited supply, variably quality, and an inability to sustainably increase production for a rapidly growing market, are driving the quest for alternative sources. DHA derived from certain marine protists (heterotrophic thraustochytrids) already has an established history of commercial production for high-value dietary use, but is too expensive for use in aquaculture feeds, a much larger potential market for ω-3 LC-PUFA. Sustainable expansion of aquaculture is prevented by its current dependence on wild-caught fish oil as the source of ω-3 LC-PUFA nutrients required in the diet of aquacultured animals. Although several thraustochytrids have been shown to produce DHA and EPA, there is a particular interest in Schizochytrium spp. (now Aurantiochytrium spp.), as some of the better producers. The need for larger scale production has resulted in development of many strategies for improving productivity and production economics of ω-3 PUFA in Schizochytrium spp. Developments in fermentation technology and metabolic engineering for enhancing LC-PUFA production in Schizochytrium spp. are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiang Chi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yiyuan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Mingfeng Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Yusuf Chisti
- School of Engineering, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Ning He
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; The Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Strategies for Improvement of Lipid Production by Yeast Trichosporon oleaginosus from Lignocellulosic Biomass. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7110934. [PMID: 34829221 PMCID: PMC8617694 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial lipids have similar fatty acid composition to plant oils, and therefore, are considered as an alternative feedstock for biodiesel production. Oleaginous yeasts accumulate considerable amounts of lipids intracellularly during growth on low-cost renewable feedstocks such as lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, we cultivated yeast Trichosporon oleaginosus on hydrolysate of alkaline pretreated corn cobs. Different process configurations were evaluated and compared, including separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) with cellulase recycle and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) in batch and fed-batch mode. At low enzyme loading, the highest lipid concentration of 26.74 g L−1 was reached in fed-batch SSF fed with 2.5% (g g−1) substrate. Batch SHF was conducted for four rounds with recycling the cellulase adsorbed on unhydrolyzed lignocellulosic biomass. Thirty percent of cellulase saving was achieved for rounds 2–4 without compromising productivity and lipid yield. The addition of Tween 80 to lignocellulosic slurry improved the hydrolysis rate of structural carbohydrates in pretreated lignocellulosic biomass. Furthermore, supplementing the growth medium with Tween 80 improved lipid yield and productivity without affecting yeast growth. Oleaginous yeast T. oleaginosus is a promising strain for the sustainable and efficient production of lipids from renewable lignocellulosic feedstock.
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Yan L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Yang H, Qiu G, Wang D, Lian Y. Improvement of tacrolimus production in Streptomyces tsukubaensis by mutagenesis and optimization of fermentation medium using Plackett-Burman design combined with response surface methodology. Biotechnol Lett 2021; 43:1765-1778. [PMID: 34021830 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-021-03144-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to enhance the production of tacrolimus in Streptomyces tsukubaensis by strain mutagenesis and optimization of the fermentation medium. RESULTS A high tacrolimus producing strain S. tsukubaensis FIM-16-06 was obtained by ultraviolet mutagenesis coupled with atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis.Then, nine variables were screened using Plackett-Burman experimental design, in which soluble starch, peptone and Tween 80 showed significantly affected tacrolimus production. Further studies were carried out employing central composite design to elucidate the mutual interaction between the variables and to work out optimal fermentation medium composition for tacrolimus production. The optimum fermentation medium was found to contain 61.61 g/L of soluble starch, 20.61 g/L of peptone and 30.79 g/L of Tween 80. In the optimized medium, the production of tacrolimus reached 1293 mg/L in shake-flask culture, and reached 1522 mg/L while the scaled-up fermentation was conducted in a 1000 L fermenter, which was about 3.7 times higher than that in the original medium. CONCLUSIONS Combining compound mutation with rational medium optimization is an effective approach for improving tacrolimus production, and the optimized fermentation medium could be efficiently used for industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingbin Yan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Zhulan Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
| | - Yin Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Huangjian Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Guanrong Qiu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Desen Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Yunyang Lian
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Screening for Novel Microbial Products, Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou, 350007, China.
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13
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Guo L, Fang YQ, Liang XR, Xu YY, Chen J, Li YH, Fang S, Meng YC. Influence of polysorbates (Tweens) on structural and antimicrobial properties for microemulsions. Int J Pharm 2020; 590:119939. [PMID: 33011247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polysorbates (Tweens) are one of the most used excipients for essential oils encapsulation. In this work, the polysorbate based microemulsions (PMEs) for R-(+)-limonene (LMN) encapsulation were investigated for the structural and antimicrobial properties. PMEs were constructed using the pseudoternary phase diagrams, and then characterized for electrical conductivity, rheology, size distribution and particle geometry. Conductivity and rheological measurement results showed that Tween 80 and Tween 60 based microemulsions have identical phase transitions. Dynamic light scattering demonstrated that hydrodynamic diameters of oil-in-water microemulsions decreased from 30 nm to 25 nm during the dilution, while small-angle X-ray scattering indicated that their spherical geometries were maintained. PMEs exhibited enhanced antimicrobial efficiencies in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Interestingly, when Tween 80 was replaced by Tween 60, PME was observed more effective against S. aureus. The two PMEs structural analogues exhibited different antimicrobial efficiencies corresponding to the bioactivity of polysorbates. In conclusion, PMEs can be considered as a desirable system for LMN encapsulation to enhance its solubility and antimicrobial efficiency. Furthermore, the difference in the antimicrobial efficiency suggested that the choice of emulsifiers should be concerned to improve further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Ya-Qian Fang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Xian-Rui Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Yu-Yan Xu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Yan-Hua Li
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Sheng Fang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Yue-Cheng Meng
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
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14
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Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Substrate for Oleaginous Microorganisms: A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms capable of accumulating lipids in high percentages, known as oleaginous microorganisms, have been widely studied as an alternative for producing oleochemicals and biofuels. Microbial lipid, so-called Single Cell Oil (SCO), production depends on several growth parameters, including the nature of the carbon substrate, which must be efficiently taken up and converted into storage lipid. On the other hand, substrates considered for large scale applications must be abundant and of low acquisition cost. Among others, lignocellulosic biomass is a promising renewable substrate containing high percentages of assimilable sugars (hexoses and pentoses). However, it is also highly recalcitrant, and therefore it requires specific pretreatments in order to release its assimilable components. The main drawback of lignocellulose pretreatment is the generation of several by-products that can inhibit the microbial metabolism. In this review, we discuss the main aspects related to the cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms using lignocellulosic biomass as substrate, hoping to contribute to the development of a sustainable process for SCO production in the near future.
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15
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Radha P, Prabhu K, Jayakumar A, AbilashKarthik S, Ramani K. Biochemical and kinetic evaluation of lipase and biosurfactant assisted ex novo synthesis of microbial oil for biodiesel production by Yarrowia lipolytica utilizing chicken tallow. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Louhasakul Y, Cheirsilp B, Treu L, Kougias PG, Angelidaki I. Metagenomic insights into bioaugmentation and biovalorization of oily industrial wastes by lipolytic oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica during successive batch fermentation. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 67:1020-1029. [PMID: 31880341 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The lipolytic oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica was used in the bioaugmentation and biovalorization of oily industrial wastes during successive-batch fermentation. Five cycles of nonsterile successive batch fermentation with 70% medium replacement achieved the highest oil removal of 68.1 ± 5.60% and produced biomass and lipid yields of 0.213 ± 0.07 g/g-COD and 146.2 ± 46.5 mg/g-COD, respectively. The cell-bound lipase activity observed in the system was 170.74 ± 32 U/L. The auto-flocculation efficiency of the biomass was >90% within 60 Min. The microbial community changes between Y. lipolytica and indigenous microorganisms were monitored by metagenomic next-generation sequencing of internal transcribed spacer rDNA regions for yeasts and 16S rRNA gene for bacteria. Ylipolytica lipolytica was retained in the consortium together with other indigenous strains until the fifth cycle. Other minor oleaginous yeasts such as Kodamaea ohmeri and Candida tropicalis as well as polyhydroxyalkanoate-accumulating bacteria were found and are likely to have participated in lipid production. This study has shown the robustness of Y. lipolytica in nonsterile successive batch fermentation and its use could contribute greatly to the practical valorization of industrial wastes for lipids and lipases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmi Louhasakul
- Biotechnology for Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Benjamas Cheirsilp
- Biotechnology for Bioresource Utilization Laboratory, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Laura Treu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Panagiotis G Kougias
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Soil and Water Resources Institute, Thermi, Thessaloniki, Greece
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17
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Liu ZX, You S, Tang BP, Wang B, Sheng S, Wu FA, Wang J. Inositol as a new enhancer for improving lipid production and accumulation in Schizochytrium sp. SR21. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:35497-35508. [PMID: 31410827 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06056-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lipids produced from agricultural and industrial residues using oleaginous microorganisms for use as biofuels are attracting the attention of researchers due to their environmental benefits. However, low efficiencies and high costs limit their application to a certain extent. The present study is the first to use inositol as an enhancer to improve the production and accumulation of lipids during fermentation by the microalga Schizochytrium sp. SR21. The study aimed to maximize the production of lipids and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by optimizing the conditions of inositol addition into the fermentation medium. The corresponding key enzyme and metabolite profiles of SR21 were evaluated. The results indicated that the addition of 120 mg L-1 of inositol to the medium at 48 h improved lipid and DHA production by 13.90 and 20.82%, resulting in total concentrations of 22.86 and 8.53 g/L, respectively. Moreover, the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) to saturated fatty acids (SFAs) increased by 23.38% and is consistent with the results of the metabolomic analysis. The activity of enzymes (i.e., PC, G6PDH, NADPH-ME, and ACL) related to fatty acid synthesis in strain SR21 also increased significantly (43.38%, 28.68%, 37.47%, and 19.87%, respectively). Metabolomic analysis also showed that inositol promoted lipid synthesis in SR21 and significantly increased the relative proportion of UFAs by affecting the citrate cycle and SFA and UFA metabolic pathways. Thus, inositol is an ideal enhancer of lipid production and accumulation by oleaginous microorganisms. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Xin Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai You
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Ping Tang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Sheng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-An Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China.
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, Zhenjiang, 212018, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Zan X, Cui F, Sun J, Zhou S, Song Y. Novel Dual-Functional Enzyme Lip10 Catalyzes Lipase and Acyltransferase Activities in the Oleaginous Fungus Mucor circinelloides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13176-13184. [PMID: 31690075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lipases or triacylglycerol (TAG) lipases belong to the α/β-hydrolases superfamily, which are enzymes capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of the ester bond between fatty acids and glycerol. Interestingly, some lipases have been found to not only possess hydrolysis activity but also acyltransferase activity in yeasts and microalgae. Our present study reported a novel dual-functional Mucor circinelloides lipase Lip10 with a slight lipolysis activity but a noteworthy phospholipid/diacylglycerol acyltransferase (PDAT) activity. The purified Lip10 mutants prefer to utilize phosphatidyl serine to form TAG over phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the histidine residue in the acyltransferase motif H-(X)4-D is indispensable for the PDAT activity of Lip10. Overexpression of the acyltransferase motif of Lip10 promoted cell growth by 12% and increased lipid production by 14% compared to the control, whilst overexpression of the lipase motif induced lipid degradation in M. circinelloides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
| | - Fengjie Cui
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
| | - Jianing Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013 , P. R. China
| | - Yuanda Song
- Colin Ratledge Center for Microbial Lipids, School of Agriculture Engineering and Food Science , Shandong University of Technology , Zibo 255049 , P. R. China
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19
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Yin H, Gao C, Ye K, Zhao T, Sun A, Qiao C. Evaluation of surfactant effect on β-poly(L-malic acid) production by Aureobasidium pullulans. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1631718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haisong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- School of Bioengineering, Tianjin Modern Vocational Technology College, Tianjin, China
- Engineering Research Center of Food Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Cui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Ye
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tingbin Zhao
- Tianjin Huizhi Biotrans Bioengineering Co. Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Aiyou Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Changsheng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
- School of Bioengineering, Tianjin Modern Vocational Technology College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Microbial Metabolism and Fermentation Process Control, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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20
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Yuan K, Huang B, Qin T, Song P, Zhang K, Ji X, Ren L, Zhang S, Huang H. Effect of SDS on release of intracellular pneumocandin B 0 in extractive batch fermentation of Glarea lozoyensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6061-6069. [PMID: 31161390 PMCID: PMC6616208 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09920-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pneumocandin B0 is a hydrophobic secondary metabolite that accumulates in the mycelia of Glarea lozoyensis and inhibits fungal 1,3-β-glucan synthase. Extractive batch fermentation can promote the release of intracellular secondary metabolites into the fermentation broth and is often used in industry. The addition of extractants has been proven as an effective method to attain higher accumulation of hydrophobic secondary metabolites and circumvent troublesome solvent extraction. Various extractants exerted significant but different influences on the biomass and pneumocandin B0 yields. The maximum pneumocandin B0 yield (2528.67 mg/L) and highest extracellular pneumocandin B0 yield (580.33 mg/L) were achieved when 1.0 g/L SDS was added on the 13th day of extractive batch fermentation, corresponding to significant increases of 37.63 and 154% compared with the conventional batch fermentation, respectively. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is partly attributed to the release of intracellular pneumocandin B0 into the fermentation broth and the enhanced biosynthesis of pneumocandin B0 in the mycelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yuan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Baoqi Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Tingting Qin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ping Song
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China. .,School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xiaojun Ji
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Lujing Ren
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.,School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaboration Innovation Center of Chinese Medical Resources Industrialization, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - He Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.,School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
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21
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Chen G, Zhu Y, Zhang G, Liu H, Wei Y, Wang P, Wang F, Xian M, Xiang H, Zhang H. Optimization and characterization of pullulan production by a newly isolated high-yielding strainAureobasidium melanogenum. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:557-566. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1591988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Youshuang Zhu
- School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, Jining, P.R. China
| | - Ge Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Wei
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Pinggui Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
- College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Mo Xian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Xiang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Sciences, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
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22
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Leonard G, Labarre A, Milner DS, Monier A, Soanes D, Wideman JG, Maguire F, Stevens S, Sain D, Grau-Bové X, Sebé-Pedrós A, Stajich JE, Paszkiewicz K, Brown MW, Hall N, Wickstead B, Richards TA. Comparative genomic analysis of the 'pseudofungus' Hyphochytrium catenoides. Open Biol 2019; 8:rsob.170184. [PMID: 29321239 PMCID: PMC5795050 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic microbes have three primary mechanisms for obtaining nutrients and energy: phagotrophy, photosynthesis and osmotrophy. Traits associated with the latter two functions arose independently multiple times in the eukaryotes. The Fungi successfully coupled osmotrophy with filamentous growth, and similar traits are also manifested in the Pseudofungi (oomycetes and hyphochytriomycetes). Both the Fungi and the Pseudofungi encompass a diversity of plant and animal parasites. Genome-sequencing efforts have focused on host-associated microbes (mutualistic symbionts or parasites), providing limited comparisons with free-living relatives. Here we report the first draft genome sequence of a hyphochytriomycete ‘pseudofungus’; Hyphochytrium catenoides. Using phylogenomic approaches, we identify genes of recent viral ancestry, with related viral derived genes also present on the genomes of oomycetes, suggesting a complex history of viral coevolution and integration across the Pseudofungi. H. catenoides has a complex life cycle involving diverse filamentous structures and a flagellated zoospore with a single anterior tinselate flagellum. We use genome comparisons, drug sensitivity analysis and high-throughput culture arrays to investigate the ancestry of oomycete/pseudofungal characteristics, demonstrating that many of the genetic features associated with parasitic traits evolved specifically within the oomycete radiation. Comparative genomics also identified differences in the repertoire of genes associated with filamentous growth between the Fungi and the Pseudofungi, including differences in vesicle trafficking systems, cell-wall synthesis pathways and motor protein repertoire, demonstrating that unique cellular systems underpinned the convergent evolution of filamentous osmotrophic growth in these two eukaryotic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Leonard
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Aurélie Labarre
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - David S Milner
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Adam Monier
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Darren Soanes
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Jeremy G Wideman
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Finlay Maguire
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Sam Stevens
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Divya Sain
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92506, USA
| | - Xavier Grau-Bové
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC-UPF, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Jason E Stajich
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92506, USA
| | - Konrad Paszkiewicz
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Matthew W Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.,Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Neil Hall
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Bill Wickstead
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Thomas A Richards
- Living Systems Institute, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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23
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Huang XF, Wang YH, Shen Y, Peng KM, Lu LJ, Liu J. Using non-ionic surfactant as an accelerator to increase extracellular lipid production by oleaginous yeast Cryptococcus curvatus MUCL 29819. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 274:272-280. [PMID: 30529332 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effects of non-ionic surfactant on the accumulation of total microbial lipids and extracellular lipid by Cryptococcus curvatus MUCL 29819 with acetic acid as carbon source. Compared with Brij 58 and Triton X-100, Brij 58 most increased the total lipids, with a yield up to 2.84 g/L (extracellular lipid up to 47%). Brij 58 also increased the metabolic flow of acetic acid to lipid accumulation (maximum conversion of 0.54 g/g at 1.0 g/L Brij 58) and limited its conversion to non-lipid biomass (minimum conversion 0.12 g/g at 0.5 g/L Brij 58). The improvement in the proportion of extracellular lipid by tea saponin and Brij 58 was due to changes in cell membrane permeability and improvement of cell membrane fluidity. Triton X-100, having weaker surface activity, promoted release of extracellular lipid and also increased the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acid (C22:6, docosahexaenoic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Feng Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yi-Han Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yi Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kai-Ming Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Li-Jun Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Optimization of Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE) of Lipid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) from Nannochloropsis gaditana. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8273581. [PMID: 30775380 PMCID: PMC6354137 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8273581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are a promising source of omega-3. The purpose of this study was to extract lipid with a relatively high content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from Nannochloropsis gaditana using subcritical water extraction (SWE). The effects of different temperatures (156.1-273.9°C), extraction times (6.6-23.4 minutes), and biomass loadings (33-117 g algae/L) on the extraction yield were studied. From the optimization study using central composite design (CCD), quadratic models generated for lipid yield and EPA composition were considered to be significant models (p < 0.05). The predictive equations were also formed for lipid yield and EPA composition. The predicted optimum lipid yield and EPA composition at 236.54°C, 13.95 minutes, and 60.50 g algae/L were 18.278 wt% of total biomass and 14.036 wt% of total fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), respectively.
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Montero-Lobato Z, Vázquez M, Navarro F, Fuentes JL, Bermejo E, Garbayo I, Vílchez C, Cuaresma M. Chemically-Induced Production of Anti-Inflammatory Molecules in Microalgae. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E478. [PMID: 30513601 PMCID: PMC6315467 DOI: 10.3390/md16120478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have been widely recognized as a valuable source of natural, bioactive molecules that can benefit human health. Some molecules of commercial value synthesized by the microalgal metabolism have been proven to display anti-inflammatory activity, including the carotenoids lutein and astaxanthin, the fatty acids EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), and sulphated polysaccharides. These molecules can accumulate to a certain extent in a diversity of microalgae species. A production process could become commercially feasible if the productivity is high and the overall production process costs are minimized. The productivity of anti-inflammatory molecules depends on each algal species and the cultivation conditions, the latter being mostly related to nutrient starvation and/or extremes of temperature and/or light intensity. Furthermore, novel bioprocess tools have been reported which might improve the biosynthesis yields and productivity of those target molecules and reduce production costs simultaneously. Such novel tools include the use of chemical triggers or enhancers to improve algal growth and/or accumulation of bioactive molecules, the algal growth in foam and the surfactant-mediated extraction of valuable compounds. Taken together, the recent findings suggest that the combined use of novel bioprocess strategies could improve the technical efficiency and commercial feasibility of valuable microalgal bioproducts production, particularly anti-inflammatory compounds, in large scale processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Montero-Lobato
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA, RENSMA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - María Vázquez
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA, RENSMA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Francisco Navarro
- Department of Integrated Sciences, Cell Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Juan Luis Fuentes
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA, RENSMA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Elisabeth Bermejo
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA, RENSMA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Inés Garbayo
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA, RENSMA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Carlos Vílchez
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA, RENSMA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
| | - María Cuaresma
- Algal Biotechnology Group, CIDERTA, RENSMA and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain.
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Li Q, Lei Y, Hu G, Lei Y, Dan D. Effects of Tween 80 on the liquid fermentation of Lentinus edodes. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1103-1109. [PMID: 30263840 PMCID: PMC6085267 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper explored the effects of Tween 80 on the biomass, intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) content, fermentation parameters, the pellets size of mycelium, and the antioxidant activity of IPS in Lentinus edodes liquid fermentation. With adding to Tween 80, the outputs of biomass and IPS increased during the L. edodes fermentation, respectively, while the reducing sugar content was decreased, as well as, the time courses of pH value were different. It was also shown that the addition of Tween 80 could protect the intact of pellets from breaking down. The effects of Tween 80 on the main structure of IPS were no obvious, and the IPS were revealed similar infrared spectrum, as was indicated by the infrared spectrum analysis. Improvements in the scavenging capacity of DPPH radicals of IPS were observed in Tween 80 treated group compared with the control group. Tween 80 exerts impacts on the liquid fermentation of L. edodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuguo Lei
- Hubei Yuguo Gu Ye Co., Ltd., Suizhou, 441300 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanzheng Lei
- Hubei Yuguo Gu Ye Co., Ltd., Suizhou, 441300 Hubei People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Dan
- Hubei Yuguo Gu Ye Co., Ltd., Suizhou, 441300 Hubei People’s Republic of China
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Xiao R, Li X, Zheng Y. Comprehensive Study of Cultivation Conditions and Methods on Lipid Accumulation of a Marine Protist, Thraustochytrium striatum. Protist 2018; 169:451-465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Application of biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis C9 for controlling cladoceran grazers in algal cultivation systems. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5365. [PMID: 29599450 PMCID: PMC5876376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Open algal cultivation platforms often suffer crop losses to herbivorous grazers that have potential to devastate biomass production within a few days. While a number of studies suggest synthetic chemicals as control agents for voracious algal grazers, environmental and safety concerns associated with the use of these chemicals encourage the exploration of alternative biological control agents. We hereby propose the application of a biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis C9 (referred to as C9-biosurfactant) for controlling cladoceran grazers commonly found in algal cultivation systems. The results indicated that C9-biosurfactant completely eradicated Daphnia pulex and Moina macrocopa within 24 hours when concentrations were equal to or exceeded 6 mg/L. Moreover, supplying C9-biosurfactant into the cultures of selected algal species with and without cladoceran grazers indicated no adverse effect of C9-biosurfactant on the growth and lipid productivity of algal crops, while cladocerans were selectively controlled by C9-biosurfactant even under the presence of their prey. These results thus indicate that C9-biosurfactant could be an effective biocontrol agent for cladoceran grazers at industrial algal cultivation.
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Chen G, Wang J, Su Y, Zhu Y, Zhang G, Zhao H, Liu H, Yang Y, Nian R, Zhang H, Wei Y, Xian M. Pullulan production from synthetic medium by a new mutant of Aureobasidium pullulans. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:963-969. [PMID: 28718734 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1350979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pullulan with different molecular-weight could be applied in various fields. A UV-induced mutagenesis Aureobasidium pullulans UVMU6-1 was obtained from the strain A. pullulans CGMCC3.933 for the production of low-molecular-weight pullulan. First, the obtained polysaccharide from A. pullulans UVMU6-1 was purified and identified to be pullulan with thin-layer chromatography, Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Then, culture medium and conditions for this strain were optimized by flask fermentation. Based on the optimized medium and culture conditions (pH 4, addition of 4 g/L Tween 80 for 96 hr of cultivation), continuously fermentation was performed. The highest pullulan production and dry biomass was 109 and 125 g/L after fermentation for 114 hr, respectively. The average productivity was about 1 g/L/hr, which was intensively higher than the previous reported. This study would lay foundations for the industrial production of pullulan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Chen
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials , Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China.,b College of Life Science , Qingdao University , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Jiming Wang
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials , Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Yulong Su
- c Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Youshuang Zhu
- d School of Biological Science , Jining Medical University , Jining , P. R. China
| | - Ge Zhang
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials , Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China.,c Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials , Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Haobao Liu
- c Key Laboratory for Tobacco Gene Resources , Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Ying Yang
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials , Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Rui Nian
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials , Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials , Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Yuxi Wei
- b College of Life Science , Qingdao University , Qingdao , P. R. China
| | - Mo Xian
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials , Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao , P. R. China
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Fossier Marchan L, Lee Chang KJ, Nichols PD, Mitchell WJ, Polglase JL, Gutierrez T. Taxonomy, ecology and biotechnological applications of thraustochytrids: A review. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 36:26-46. [PMID: 28911809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Thraustochytrids were first discovered in 1934, and since the 1960's they have been increasingly studied for their beneficial and deleterious effects. This review aims to provide an enhanced understanding of these protists with a particular emphasis on their taxonomy, ecology and biotechnology applications. Over the years, thraustochytrid taxonomy has improved with the development of modern molecular techniques and new biochemical markers, resulting in the isolation and description of new strains. In the present work, the taxonomic history of thraustochytrids is reviewed, while providing an up-to-date classification of these organisms. It also describes the various biomarkers that may be taken into consideration to support taxonomic characterization of the thraustochytrids, together with a review of traditional and modern techniques for their isolation and molecular identification. The originality of this review lies in linking taxonomy and ecology of the thraustochytrids and their biotechnological applications as producers of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), carotenoids, exopolysaccharides and other compounds of interest. The paper provides a summary of these aspects while also highlighting some of the most important recent studies in this field, which include the diversity of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in thraustochytrids, some novel strategies for biomass production and recovery of compounds of interest. Furthermore, a detailed overview is provided of the direct and current applications of thraustochytrid-derived compounds in the food, fuel, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and aquaculture industries and of some of the commercial products available. This review is intended to be a source of information and references on the thraustochytrids for both experts and those who are new to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris Fossier Marchan
- Institute of Mechanical, Process & Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Kim J Lee Chang
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
| | - Peter D Nichols
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
| | - Wilfrid J Mitchell
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Jane L Polglase
- Jane L Polglase Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Tony Gutierrez
- Institute of Mechanical, Process & Energy Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
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Cardoso C, Afonso C, Bandarra NM. Dietary DHA, bioaccessibility, and neurobehavioral development in children. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:2617-2631. [PMID: 28665691 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1338245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a key nutritional n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and needs to be supplied by the human diet. High levels of DHA intake appear to reduce the risk of depression, bipolar disorder, and mood disorders. On the basis of these connections between DHA and neurological health, this paper reviews what is currently known about DHA and children neurodevelopment as well as the benefits of DHA intake to prevention of autism and behavior disorders through a selective and representative revision of different papers ranging from pure observational studies to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This review also highlights the issue of DHA bioaccessibility and its implications to the performance of studies. As main conclusions, it can be mentioned that high DHA intake may prevent autism disorder. However, more studies are required to strengthen the connection between autism and dietary DHA. Regarding behavioral disorders, the evidence is also contradictory, thereby raising the need of further studies. From all screened studies on autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and other disorders, it can be concluded that study samples should be larger for greater statistical significance and RCTs should be more carefully designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cardoso
- a Department of Sea and Marine Resources , Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) , Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, Lisbon , Portugal.,b CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research , University of Porto , Rua dos Bragas 289, Porto , Portugal
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- a Department of Sea and Marine Resources , Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) , Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, Lisbon , Portugal.,b CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research , University of Porto , Rua dos Bragas 289, Porto , Portugal
| | - Narcisa M Bandarra
- a Department of Sea and Marine Resources , Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP) , Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, Lisbon , Portugal.,b CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research , University of Porto , Rua dos Bragas 289, Porto , Portugal
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Lei XY, Zhang MY, Ma YJ, Wang JW. Transcriptomic responses involved in enhanced production of hypocrellin A by addition of Triton X-100 in submerged cultures of Shiraia bambusicola. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 44:1415-1429. [PMID: 28685359 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The addition of surfactant is a useful strategy to enhance the product yield in submerged fermentation process. In this study, we sought to explore the mechanism for the elicitation of Triton X-100 on production of hypocrellin A (HA) in cultures of Shiraia bambusicola through transcriptomic analysis. Triton X-100 at 2.5% (w/v) not only induced HA biosynthesis in mycelia, but also stimulated the release of HA into the medium. We found 23 of 2463 transcripts, possible candidate genes for HA biosynthesis under Triton X-100 induction. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed Triton X-100 treatment changed expression of genes involved in transmembrane transport and oxidation-reduction process, indicating that enhanced HA production was mainly due to both elicited biosynthesis in mycelium and the increased membrane permeability for HA release. These data provided new insights into elicitation of surfactants in submerged cultures of fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Yun Lei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Ye Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Jun Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 215123, Suzhou, China.
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Liu LP, Zong MH, Hu Y, Li N, Lou WY, Wu H. Efficient microbial oil production on crude glycerol by Lipomyces starkeyi AS 2.1560 and its kinetics. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nielsen CK, Kjems J, Mygind T, Snabe T, Meyer RL. Effects of Tween 80 on Growth and Biofilm Formation in Laboratory Media. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1878. [PMID: 27920774 PMCID: PMC5118432 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tween 80 is a widely used non-ionic emulsifier that is added to cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. Because of its widespread use we need to understand how it affects bacteria on our skin, in our gut, and in food products. The aim of this study is to investigate how Tween 80 affects the growth and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Pseudomonas fluorescens, which are common causes of spoilage and foodborne illnesses. Addition of 0.1% Tween 80 to laboratory growth media increased the growth rate of planktonic S. aureus batch cultures, and it also increased the total biomass when S. aureus was grown as biofilms. In contrast, Tween 80 had no effect on batch cultures of L. monocytogenes, it slowed the growth rate of P. fluorescens, and it led to formation of less biofilm by both L. monocytogenes and P. fluorescens. Furthermore, Tween 80 lowered the antibacterial efficacy of two hydrophobic antimicrobials: rifampicin and the essential oil isoeugenol. Our findings underline the importance of documenting indirect effects of emulsifiers when studying the efficacy of hydrophobic antimicrobials that are dispersed in solution by emulsification, or when antimicrobials are applied in food matrixes that include emulsifiers. Furthermore, the species-specific effects on microbial growth suggests that Tween 80 in cosmetics and food products could affect the composition of skin and gut microbiota, and the effect of emulsifiers on the human microbiome should therefore be explored to uncover potential health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tina Mygind
- DuPont Nutrition Biosciences Brabrand, Denmark
| | | | - Rikke L Meyer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University Aarhus, Denmark
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Abstract
DHA is a key nutritional n-3 PUFA and needs to be supplied by the human diet. DHA is found in significant amounts in the retinal and neuronal cell membranes due to its high fluidity. Indeed, DHA is selectively concentrated in the synaptic and retinal membranes. DHA is deemed to display anti-inflammatory properties and to reduce the risk of CVD. Consumption of larger amounts of DHA appears to reduce the risk of depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and mood disorders. Conversely, it has been shown that loss of DHA from the nerve cell membrane leads to dysfunction of the central nervous system in the form of anxiety, irritability, susceptibility to stress, dyslexia, impaired memory and cognitive functions, and extended reaction times. DHA plays an important role in ensuring a healthy ageing, by thwarting macular degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, and other brain disorders at the same time as enhancing memory and strengthening neuroprotection in general. A reduced level of DHA is associated with cognitive decline during ageing. Different mechanisms for this fundamental DHA role have been put forward. Namely, neuroprotectin D1, a DHA derivative, may support brain cell survival and repair through neurotrophic, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory signalling. Many of the effects of DHA on the neurological system may be related to signalling connections, thus leading to the study of the related signalolipidomics. Therefore, the present review will focus on the influence of DHA deficiency upon ageing, with specific emphasis upon neurological disorders related to cognitive function and mental health.
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Renewable microbial lipid production from Oleaginous Yeast: some surfactants greatly improved lipid production of Rhodosporidium toruloides. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 32:107. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-016-2076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rakicka M, Rywińska A, Cybulski K, Rymowicz W. Enhanced production of erythritol and mannitol by Yarrowia lipolytica in media containing surfactants. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:417-23. [PMID: 26991292 PMCID: PMC4874608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Various chemical compounds, including surfactants, when introduced to culture media may increase the permeability of cellular membranes and thereby affect the quantity of metabolites excreted by cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of detergents including Triton X-100, Span 20 and Tween 80 on erythritol production from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 in a shake-flask experiment, batch and fed-batch cultures. When Span 20 was added to a fed-batch culture with glycerol as a carbon source (300gL(-1)), erythritol production increased by 15% compared to the culture without the surfactant where it reached 142gL(-1) after 5 days, which corresponded to 0.47gg(-1) yield and productivity of 1.1gL(-1)h(-1). Therefore, it was concluded that Span 20 considerably enhanced the production of this polyol from glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rakicka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anita Rywińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Cybulski
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,Wrocław, Poland
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Zan X, Tang X, Zhao L, Chu L, Chen H, Chen W, Chen YQ, Song Y. Bioinformatical analysis and preliminary study of the role of lipase in lipid metabolism in Mucor circinelloides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08285h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The filamentous fungusMucor circinelloideshas been widely used as a model organism to investigate the mechanisms of lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Lina Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Linfang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Haiqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Q. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanda Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- P. R. China
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39
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Chin YZ, Velu S, Abu Bakar F, Nor-Khaizura MAR. Characterization and the influence of milk solids-not-fat on the bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis S20 isolated from Chinese sauerkraut, a traditional fermented vegetable. ANN MICROBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-015-1151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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40
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Mechanisms of fatty acid synthesis in marine fungus-like protists. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:8363-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6920-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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41
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Byreddy AR, Gupta A, Barrow CJ, Puri M. Comparison of Cell Disruption Methods for Improving Lipid Extraction from Thraustochytrid Strains. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:5111-27. [PMID: 26270668 PMCID: PMC4557016 DOI: 10.3390/md13085111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid extraction is an integral part of biodiesel production, as it facilitates the release of fatty acids from algal cells. To utilise thraustochytrids as a potential source for lipid production. We evaluated the extraction efficiency of various solvents and solvent combinations for lipid extraction from Schizochytrium sp. S31 and Thraustochytrium sp. AMCQS5-5. The maximum lipid extraction yield was 22% using a chloroform:methanol ratio of 2:1. We compared various cell disruption methods to improve lipid extraction yields, including grinding with liquid nitrogen, bead vortexing, osmotic shock, water bath, sonication and shake mill. The highest lipid extraction yields were obtained using osmotic shock and 48.7% from Schizochytrium sp. S31 and 29.1% from Thraustochytrium sp. AMCQS5-5. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid contents were more than 60% in Schizochytrium sp. S31 which suggests their suitability for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinesh R Byreddy
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Geelong Technology Precinct, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong 3217, Australia.
| | - Adarsha Gupta
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Geelong Technology Precinct, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong 3217, Australia.
| | - Colin J Barrow
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Geelong Technology Precinct, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong 3217, Australia.
| | - Munish Puri
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Geelong Technology Precinct, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong 3217, Australia.
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42
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Farghaly A, Tawfik A, Eldin Ibrahim MG. Surfactant-supplemented mixed bacterial cultures to produce hydrogen from paperboard mill wastewater. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Farghaly
- Environmental Engineering Department; Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg Al Arab city, Alexandria; Egypt
| | - Ahmed Tawfik
- Environmental Engineering Department; Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg Al Arab city, Alexandria; Egypt
| | - Mona Gamal Eldin Ibrahim
- Environmental Engineering Department; Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), New Borg Al Arab city, Alexandria; Egypt
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43
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Xu J, Du W, Zhao X, Liu D. Exploration of sodium lignosulphonate's effects on lipid production by Rhodosporidium toruloides. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Manipulation of fatty acid and antioxidant profiles of the microalgae Schizochytrium sp. through flaxseed oil supplementation. ALGAL RES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Suzuki S, Kimoto-Nira H, Suganuma H, Suzuki C, Saito T, Yajima N. Cellular fatty acid composition and exopolysaccharide contribute to bile tolerance in Lactobacillus brevis strains isolated from fermented Japanese pickles. Can J Microbiol 2014; 60:183-91. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2014-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bile tolerance is a fundamental ability of probiotic bacteria. We examined this property in 56 Lactobacillus brevis strains isolated from Japanese pickles and also evaluated cellular fatty acid composition and cell-bound exopolysaccharide (EPS-b) production. The bile tolerance of these strains was significantly lower in modified de Man – Rogosa – Sharpe (MRS) medium (without Tween 80 or sodium acetate) than in standard MRS medium. Aggregating strains showed significantly higher bile tolerance than nonaggregating strains in MRS medium, but there was no significant difference in the modified MRS media. The relative octadecenoic acid (C18:1) content of the 3 most tolerant aggregating and nonaggregating strains was significantly higher when bile was added to MRS. In MRS without Tween 80, the relative C18:1 content was only marginally affected by addition of bile. In MRS without sodium acetate, only the 3 most tolerant nonaggregating strains increased their relative C18:1 content in the presence of bile. Meanwhile, culture in MRS without sodium acetate reduced EPS-b production in aggregating strains. In conclusion, both EPS-b and cellular fatty acid composition play important roles in bile tolerance of pickle-derived L. brevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigenori Suzuki
- Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2762, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kimoto-Nira
- Functional Biomolecules Research Group, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ikenodai 2, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suganuma
- Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2762, Japan
| | - Chise Suzuki
- Functional Biomolecules Research Group, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Tsukuba, Ikenodai 2, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Tadao Saito
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yajima
- Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2762, Japan
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46
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Liu Y, Singh P, Sun Y, Luan S, Wang G. Culturable diversity and biochemical features of thraustochytrids from coastal waters of Southern China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:3241-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Gupta A, Singh D, Barrow CJ, Puri M. Exploring potential use of Australian thraustochytrids for the bioconversion of glycerol to omega-3 and carotenoids production. Biochem Eng J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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48
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Sheng L, Zhu G, Tong Q. Mechanism study of Tween 80 enhancing the pullulan production by Aureobasidium pullulans. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 97:121-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Zhang C, Iskandarov U, Klotz ET, Stevens RL, Cahoon RE, Nazarenus TJ, Pereira SL, Cahoon EB. A thraustochytrid diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 with broad substrate specificity strongly increases oleic acid content in engineered Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:3189-200. [PMID: 23814277 PMCID: PMC3733143 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyses the last step in acyl-CoA-dependent triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis and is an important determinant of cellular oil content and quality. In this study, a gene, designated TaDGAT2, encoding a type 2 DGAT (DGAT2)-related enzyme was identified from the oleaginous marine protist Thraustochytrium aureum. The deduced TaDGAT2 sequence contains a ~460 amino acid domain most closely related to DGAT2s from Dictyostelium sp. (45-50% identity). Recombinant TaDGAT2 restored TAG biosynthesis to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae H1246 TAG-deficient mutant, and microsomes from the complemented mutant displayed DGAT activity with C16 and C18 saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA and diacylglycerol substrates. To examine its biotechnological potential, TaDGAT2 was expressed under control of a strong seed-specific promoter in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and the high linoleic acid fad3fae1 mutant. In both backgrounds, little change was detected in seed oil content, but a striking increase in oleic acid content of seeds was observed. This increase was greatest in fad3fae1 seeds, where relative amounts of oleic acid increased nearly 2-fold to >50% of total fatty acids. In addition, >2-fold increase in oleic acid levels was detected in the triacylglycerol sn-2 position and in the major seed phospholipid phosphatidylcholine. These results suggest that increased seed oleic acid content mediated by TaDGAT2 is influenced in part by the fatty acid composition of host cells and occurs not by enhancing oleic acid content at the TAG sn-3 position directly but by increasing total oleic acid levels in seeds, presumably by limiting flux through phosphatidylcholine-based desaturation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Umidjon Iskandarov
- Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Elliott T. Klotz
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Robyn L. Stevens
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Rebecca E. Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Tara J. Nazarenus
- Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Suzette L. Pereira
- Department of Strategic Research, Abbott Nutrition, 3300 Stelzer Road, Columbus, OH 43219, USA
| | - Edgar B. Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO 63132, USA
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50
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Martins DA, Custódio L, Barreira L, Pereira H, Ben-Hamadou R, Varela J, Abu-Salah KM. Alternative sources of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in marine microalgae. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:2259-81. [PMID: 23807546 PMCID: PMC3736422 DOI: 10.3390/md11072259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The main source of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in human nutrition is currently seafood, especially oily fish. Nonetheless, due to cultural or individual preferences, convenience, geographic location, or awareness of risks associated to fatty fish consumption, the intake of fatty fish is far from supplying the recommended dietary levels. The end result observed in most western countries is not only a low supply of n-3 LC-PUFA, but also an unbalance towards the intake of n-6 fatty acids, resulting mostly from the consumption of vegetable oils. Awareness of the benefits of LC-PUFA in human health has led to the use of fish oils as food supplements. However, there is a need to explore alternatives sources of LC-PUFA, especially those of microbial origin. Microalgae species with potential to accumulate lipids in high amounts and to present elevated levels of n-3 LC-PUFA are known in marine phytoplankton. This review focuses on sources of n-3 LC-PUFA, namely eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, in marine microalgae, as alternatives to fish oils. Based on current literature, examples of marketed products and potentially new species for commercial exploitation are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulce Alves Martins
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; E-Mails: (D.A.M.); (L.C.); (L.B.); (H.P.); (R.B.-H.)
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; E-Mails: (D.A.M.); (L.C.); (L.B.); (H.P.); (R.B.-H.)
| | - Luísa Barreira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; E-Mails: (D.A.M.); (L.C.); (L.B.); (H.P.); (R.B.-H.)
| | - Hugo Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; E-Mails: (D.A.M.); (L.C.); (L.B.); (H.P.); (R.B.-H.)
| | - Radhouan Ben-Hamadou
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; E-Mails: (D.A.M.); (L.C.); (L.B.); (H.P.); (R.B.-H.)
| | - João Varela
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro 8005-139, Portugal; E-Mails: (D.A.M.); (L.C.); (L.B.); (H.P.); (R.B.-H.)
| | - Khalid M. Abu-Salah
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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