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Liu X, Yang Z, Liu C, Xu B, Wang X, Li Y, Xia J, Li D, Zhang C, Sun H, Yang Q. Identification of a type II LacNAc specific binding lectin CMRBL from Cordyceps militaris. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123207. [PMID: 36632960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Cordyceps militaris gene CCM_03832 encodes a ricin-B like lectin. The gene was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and its protein product, named CMRBL (C. militaris ricin-B like lectin), was purified by galactose affinity chromatography. Of nine different sources of erythrocytes, CMRBL showed only specific hemagglutinating activity against rat and rabbit erythrocytes with titers of 22 and 28, respectively. Glycan array analyses by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics showed that CMRBL possesses very high specific binding activity of glycans terminated with type II LacNAc (non-reducing Galβ1-4GlcNAc). Compared with other well-known Gal-terminated binding lectins such as Erythrina cristagalli agglutinin, Ricinus communis agglutinin, and Jacalin, CMRBL showed better binding specificity to type II LacNAc compared the other lectins. CMRBL showed lowest binding activity to ZR-75-30 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines among five tested cell lines (H22, THP-1, MDA-MB-231, ZR-75-30, and MDA-MB-468 cells). Transfection of type II LacNAc main galactosyltransferase B4GALT3 to ZR-75-30 significantly improved CMRBL binding activity compared with control. CMRBL was also applied for testing the type II LacNAc modification of Etanercept successfully. Our data suggest that CMRBL would be a useful tool to recognize type II LacNAc, especially distinguish type II from other galactose-terminated glycans in glycan biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zelan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xueqing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Danni Li
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Can Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Hubei Province key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Wuhan Huayang Animal Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, China.
| | - Qing Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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Pančík F, Pakanová Z, Nemčovič M, Květoň F, Šalingová A, Hlavatá A, Kozmon S, Baráth P. Application of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry for Non-invasive Diagnostics of Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA. JOURNAL OF INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM AND SCREENING 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/2326-4594-jiems-2022-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anna Šalingová
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Slovak Republic
| | - Anna Hlavatá
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2019-2020. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21806. [PMID: 36468275 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2020. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review is basically divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of arrays. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other areas such as medicine, industrial processes and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. The reported work shows increasing use of incorporation of new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented nearly 40 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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Mao L, Schneider JW, Robinson AS. Progress toward rapid, at-line N-glycosylation detection and control for recombinant protein expression. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 78:102788. [PMID: 36126382 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proteins continue to represent a large fraction of the therapeutics market, reaching over a hundred billion dollars in market size globally. One key feature of protein modification that can affect both structure and function is the addition of glycosylation following protein folding, leading to regulatory requirements for the accurate assessment of protein attributes, including glycan structures. The non-template-driven, innately heterogeneous N-glycosylation process thus requires accurate detection to robustly generate protein therapies. A challenge exists in the timely detection of protein glycosylation without labor-intensive manipulation. In this article, we discuss progress toward N-glycoprotein control, focusing on novel control strategies and the advancement of rapid, high-throughput analysis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leran Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - James W Schneider
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anne S Robinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Argentova V, Aliev T, Dolgikh D, Pakanová Z, Katrlík J, Kirpichnikov M. Features, modulation and analysis of glycosylation patterns of therapeutic recombinant immunoglobulin A. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022; 38:247-269. [PMID: 35377278 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2060594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Increasing the production of recombinant antibodies while ensuring high and stable protein quality remains a challenge in mammalian cell culture. This review is devoted to advances in the field of obtaining stable and optimal glycosylation of therapeutic antibodies based on IgA, as well as the subsequent issues of glycosylation control of glycoproteins during their production. Current studies also demonstrate a general need for a more fundamental understanding of the use of CHO cell-based producer cell lines, through which the glycoprofile of therapeutic IgA antibodies is produced and the dependence of glycosylation on culture conditions could be controlled. Optimization of glycosylation improves the therapeutic efficacy and can expand the possibilities for the creation of highly effective glycoprotein therapeutic drugs. Current status and trends in glycan analysis of therapeutic IgA, dominantly based on mass spectrometry and lectin microarrays are herein summarised as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Argentova
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Teimur Aliev
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, School of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Dolgikh
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesShemyakin-Ovchinnikov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zuzana Pakanová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Katrlík
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mikhail Kirpichnikov
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesShemyakin-Ovchinnikov, Moscow, Russia
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N-glycans Profiling in Pilocarpine Induced Status Epilepticus in Immature Rats. EUROPEAN PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/afpuc-2022-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurological emergency in children and a well-known epileptogenic insult. Neonates are extremely susceptible to seizures in the neonatal period due to the higher vulnerability. Neonatal SE is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. There is an evident need for attention on neonatal SE in research due to the incredibly limited diagnostic and treatment options in current neonatology, and its serious long-term consequences. The aim of the present study was to characterize the glycoprofiles in the pilocarpine-induced SE model in immature rats to assess the overall N-glycans composition. To induce lithium-pilocarpine (Li-Pilo) SE male Wistar rat pups were pretreated with lithium chloride (127 mg/kg, n=11) on the 11th postnatal day. After 24 hours, the lithium pre-treated pups were administered either with pilocarpine intraperitoneally (i.p.) (35 kg/g, n=6) or saline (n=5) in the control group (Control). On the 19th postnatal day, serum was collected and the analytical procedures were done by mass spectrometry (MS) analytics on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization in combination with a time-of-flight detector (MALDI-TOF/MS). Analyzed data were processed by FlexAnalysis (Bruker Daltonics) and GlycoWorkbench software. There were 21 N-glycans that were identified, appointed, and sorted with special emphasis on their structure. We have demonstrated the significant changes in terms of N-glycans sialylation in Li-Pilo compared to the Control. We also observed some other remodelation trends in different portions of relative intenstities of N-glycan clusters according to their glycan type. Our preliminary findings have laid the foundation for additional investigation into glycosylation alterations in the SE in immature rats.
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Bertok T, Pinkova Gajdosova V, Bertokova A, Svecova N, Kasak P, Tkac J. Breast cancer glycan biomarkers: their link to tumour cell metabolism and their perspectives in clinical practice. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:881-910. [PMID: 34711108 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1996231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer (BCa) is the most common cancer type diagnosed in women and 5th most common cause of deaths among all cancer deaths despite the fact that screening program is at place. This is why novel diagnostics approaches are needed in order to decrease number of BCa cases and disease mortality. AREAS COVERED In this review paper, we aim to cover some basic aspects regarding cellular metabolism and signalling in BCa behind altered glycosylation. We also discuss novel exciting discoveries regarding glycan-based analysis, which can provide useful information for better understanding of the disease. The final part deals with clinical usefulness of glycan-based biomarkers and the clinical performance of such biomarkers is compared to already approved BCa biomarkers and diagnostic tools based on imaging. EXPERT OPINION Recent discoveries suggest that glycan-based biomarkers offer high accuracy for possible BCa diagnostics in blood, but also for better monitoring and management of BCa patients. The review article was written using Web of Science search engine to include articles published between 2019 and 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Bertok
- Glycanostics Ltd., Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Pinkova Gajdosova
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Natalia Svecova
- Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jan Tkac
- Glycanostics Ltd., Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Bonaccorsi di Patti MC, Cutone A, Nemčovič M, Pakanová Z, Baráth P, Musci G. Production of Recombinant Human Ceruloplasmin: Improvements and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158228. [PMID: 34360993 PMCID: PMC8347646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The ferroxidase ceruloplasmin (CP) plays a crucial role in iron homeostasis in vertebrates together with the iron exporter ferroportin. Mutations in the CP gene give rise to aceruloplasminemia, a rare neurodegenerative disease for which no cure is available. Many aspects of the (patho)physiology of CP are still unclear and would benefit from the availability of recombinant protein for structural and functional studies. Furthermore, recombinant CP could be evaluated for enzyme replacement therapy for the treatment of aceruloplasminemia. We report the production and preliminary characterization of high-quality recombinant human CP in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris SuperMan5. A modified yeast strain lacking the endogenous ferroxidase has been generated and employed as host for heterologous expression of the secreted isoform of human CP. Highly pure biologically active protein has been obtained by an improved two-step purification procedure. Glycan analysis indicates that predominant glycoforms HexNAc2Hex8 and HexNAc2Hex11 are found at Asn119, Asn378, and Asn743, three of the canonical four N-glycosylation sites of human CP. The availability of high-quality recombinant human CP represents a significant advancement in the field of CP biology. However, productivity needs to be increased and further careful glycoengineering of the SM5 strain is mandatory in order to evaluate the possible therapeutic use of the recombinant protein for enzyme replacement therapy of aceruloplasminemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carmela Bonaccorsi di Patti
- Department of Biochemical Sciences ‘A. Rossi Fanelli’, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.B.d.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Antimo Cutone
- Department Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
| | - Marek Nemčovič
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.N.); (Z.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Zuzana Pakanová
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.N.); (Z.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Peter Baráth
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84538 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.N.); (Z.P.); (P.B.)
| | - Giovanni Musci
- Department Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.C.B.d.P.); (G.M.)
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Savizi ISP, Motamedian E, E Lewis N, Jimenez Del Val I, Shojaosadati SA. An integrated modular framework for modeling the effect of ammonium on the sialylation process of monoclonal antibodies produced by CHO cells. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2100019. [PMID: 34021707 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoclonal antibodies (mABs) have emerged as one of the most important therapeutic recombinant proteins in the pharmaceutical industry. Their immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy are influenced by post-translational modifications, specifically the glycosylation process. Bioprocess conditions can influence the intracellular process of glycosylation. Among all the process conditions that have been recognized to affect the mAB glycoforms, the detailed mechanism underlying how ammonium could perturb glycosylation remains to be fully understood. It was shown that ammonium induces heterogeneity in protein glycosylation by altering the sialic acid content of glycoproteins. Hence, understanding this mechanism would aid pharmaceutical manufacturers to ensure consistent protein glycosylation. METHODS Three different mechanisms have been proposed to explain how ammonium influences the sialylation process. In the first, the inhibition of CMP-sialic acid transporter, which transports CMP-sialic acid (sialylation substrate) into the Golgi, by an increase in UDP-GlcNAc content that is brought about by the augmented incorporation of ammonium into glucosamine formation. In the second, ammonia diffuses into the Golgi and raises its pH, thereby decreasing the sialyltransferase enzyme activity. In the third, the reduction of sialyltransferase enzyme expression level in the presence of ammonium. We employed these mechanisms in a novel integrated modular platform to link dynamic alteration in mAB sialylation process with extracellular ammonium concentration to elucidate how ammonium alters the sialic acid content of glycoproteins. RESULTS Our results show that the sialylation reaction rate is insensitive to the first mechanism. At low ammonium concentration, the second mechanism is the controlling mechanism in mAB sialylation and by increasing the ammonium level (< 8 mM) the third mechanism becomes the controlling mechanism. At higher ammonium concentrations (> 8 mM) the second mechanism becomes predominant again. CONCLUSION The presented model in this study provides a connection between extracellular ammonium and the monoclonal antibody sialylation process. This computational tool could help scientists to develop and formulate cell culture media. The model illustrated here can assist the researchers to select culture media that ensure consistent mAB sialylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Shahidi Pour Savizi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Motamedian
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nathan E Lewis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,School of Medicine, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, California, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Tracking of Glycans Structure and Metallomics Profiles in BRAF Mutated Melanoma Cells Treated with Vemurafenib. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22010439. [PMID: 33406789 PMCID: PMC7794875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly half of patients with advanced and metastatic melanomas harbor a BRAF mutation. Vemurafenib (VEM), a BRAF inhibitor, is used to treat such patients, however, responses to VEM are very short-lived due to intrinsic, adaptive and/or acquired resistance. In this context, we present the action of the B-Raf serine-threonine protein kinase inhibitor (vemurafenib) on the glycans structure and metallomics profiles in melanoma cells without (MeWo) and with (G-361) BRAF mutations. The studies were performed using α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), a well-known acute-phase protein, and concanavalin A (Con A), which served as the model receptor. The detection of changes in the structure of glycans can be successfully carried out based on the frequency shifts and the charge transfer resistance after interaction of AGP with Con A in different VEM treatments using QCM-D and EIS measurements. These changes were also proved based on the cell ultrastructure examined by TEM and SEM. The LA-ICP-MS studies provided details on the metallomics profile in melanoma cells treated with and without VEM. The studies evidence that vemurafenib modifies the glycans structures and metallomics profile in melanoma cells harboring BRAF mutation that can be further implied in the resistance phenomenon. Therefore, our data opens a new avenue for further studies in the short-term addressing novel targets that hopefully can be used to improve the therapeutic regiment in advanced melanoma patients. The innovating potential of this study is fully credible and has a real impact on the global patient society suffering from advanced and metastatic melanomas.
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Stratilová B, Šesták S, Mravec J, Garajová S, Pakanová Z, Vadinová K, Kučerová D, Kozmon S, Schwerdt JG, Shirley N, Stratilová E, Hrmova M. Another building block in the plant cell wall: Barley xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferases link covalently xyloglucan and anionic oligosaccharides derived from pectin. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:752-767. [PMID: 32799357 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the homo- and hetero-transglycosylation activities of the HvXET3 and HvXET4 xyloglucan xyloglucosyl transferases (XET; EC 2.4.1.207) from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and the visualisation of these activities in young barley roots using Alexa Fluor 488-labelled oligosaccharides. We discover that these isozymes catalyse the transglycosylation reactions with the chemically defined donor and acceptor substrates, specifically with the xyloglucan donor and the penta-galacturonide [α(1-4)GalAp]5 acceptor - the homogalacturonan (pectin) fragment. This activity is supported by 3D molecular models of HvXET3 and HvXET4 with the docked XXXG donor and [α(1-4)GalAp]5 acceptor substrates at the -4 to +5 subsites in the active sites. Comparative sequence analyses of barley isoforms and seed-localised TmXET6.3 from nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) permitted the engineering of mutants of TmXET6.3 that could catalyse the hetero-transglycosylation reaction with the xyloglucan/[α(1-4)GalAp]5 substrate pair, while wild-type TmXET6.3 lacked this activity. Expression data obtained by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction of HvXET transcripts and a clustered heatmap of expression profiles of the gene family revealed that HvXET3 and HvXET6 co-expressed but did not share the monophyletic origin. Conversely, HvXET3 and HvXET4 shared this relationship, when we examined the evolutionary history of 419 glycoside hydrolase 16 family members, spanning monocots, eudicots and a basal Angiosperm. The discovered hetero-transglycosylation activity in HvXET3 and HvXET4 with the xyloglucan/[α(1-4)GalAp]5 substrate pair is discussed against the background of roles of xyloglucan-pectin heteropolymers and how they may participate in spatial patterns of cell wall formation and re-modelling, and affect the structural features of walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Stratilová
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, SK-84538, Slovakia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, Bratislava, SK-842 15, Slovakia
| | - Sergej Šesták
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, SK-84538, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Mravec
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg-C, 1871, Denmark
| | - Soňa Garajová
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, SK-84538, Slovakia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Zuzana Pakanová
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, SK-84538, Slovakia
| | - Kristína Vadinová
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, SK-84538, Slovakia
| | - Danica Kučerová
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, SK-84538, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Kozmon
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, SK-84538, Slovakia
| | - Julian G Schwerdt
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Neil Shirley
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Eva Stratilová
- Institute of Chemistry, Centre for Glycomics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, SK-84538, Slovakia
| | - Maria Hrmova
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, 223300, China
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Plant-Derived Lectins as Potential Cancer Therapeutics and Diagnostic Tools. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1631394. [PMID: 32509848 PMCID: PMC7245692 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1631394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains a global health challenge, with high morbidity and mortality, despite the recent advances in diagnosis and treatment. Multiple compounds assessed as novel potential anticancer drugs derive from natural sources, including microorganisms, plants, and animals. Lectins, a group of highly diverse proteins of nonimmune origin with carbohydrate-binding abilities, have been detected in virtually all kingdoms of life. These proteins can interact with free and/or cell surface oligosaccharides and might differentially bind cancer cells, since malignant transformation is tightly associated with altered cell surface glycans. Therefore, lectins could represent a valuable tool for cancer diagnosis and be developed as anticancer therapeutics. Indeed, several plant lectins exert cytotoxic effects mainly by inducing apoptotic and autophagic pathways in malignant cells. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the basis for the use of lectins in cancer diagnosis and therapy, providing a few examples of plant-derived carbohydrate-binding proteins with demonstrated antitumor effects.
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