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Zhou X, Liu F, Wang CC, Zhang HL, Zhao P, Xie FH, Hu DM, Duan WJ, Cai L. Characterization of core microbiota of barley seeds from different continents for origin tracing and quarantine pathogen assessment. Food Microbiol 2024; 124:104615. [PMID: 39244367 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Seeds are important microbial vectors, and seed-associated pathogens can be introduced into a country through trade, resulting in yield and quality losses in agriculture. The aim of this study was to characterize the microbial communities associated with barley seeds, and based on which, to develop technical approaches to trace their geographical origins, and to inspect and identify quarantine pathogens. Our analysis defined the core microbiota of barley seed and revealed significant differences in the barley seed-associated microbial communities among different continents, suggesting a strong geographic specificity of the barley seed microbiota. By implementing a machine learning model, we achieved over 95% accuracy in tracing the origin of barley seeds. Furthermore, the analysis of co-occurrence and exclusion patterns provided important insights into the identification of candidate biocontrol agents or microbial inoculants that could be useful in improving barley yield and quality. A core pathogen database was developed, and a procedure for inspecting potential quarantine species associated with barley seed was established. These approaches proved effective in detecting four fungal and three bacterial quarantine species for the first time in the port of China. This study not only characterized the core microbiota of barley seeds but also provided practical approaches for tracing the regional origin of barley and identifying potential quarantine pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Chun-Chun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Hui-Li Zhang
- Ningbo Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Ningbo Zhejiang 315012, PR China; Technical Center of Ningbo Customs District, Ningbo Zhejiang 315012, PR China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China
| | - Fu-Hong Xie
- Institute of Biology Co., Ltd., Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450008, PR China
| | - Dian-Ming Hu
- College of Bioscience & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Wei-Jun Duan
- Ningbo Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Ningbo Zhejiang 315012, PR China; Technical Center of Ningbo Customs District, Ningbo Zhejiang 315012, PR China.
| | - Lei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China.
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Kaur A, Purewal SS, Phimolsiripol Y, Punia Bangar S. Unraveling the Hidden Potential of Barley ( Hordeum vulgare): An Important Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2421. [PMID: 39273905 PMCID: PMC11397514 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a winter crop well known for its small-seeded grains and self-pollinating characteristics. The flour derived from barley grains plays a crucial role in numerous processed food items, contributing to their taste and nutritional value. Barley consists of complex carbohydrates (80%), proteins (11.5-14.2%), lipids (4.7-6.8%), β-glucans (3.7-7.7%), and ash (1.8-2.4%). Beyond its other nutrients, barley boasts a good reservoir of phenolic compounds (1.2-2.9 mg/g GAE). This abundance of beneficial compounds positions barley as an attractive industrial substrate. In this review, the nutritional composition and bioactive profile of barley are discussed in a systemic manner, emphasizing its potential in the development of innovative barley-based products that promote health and well-being. By incorporating barley into various food formulations, industries can not only boost nutritional content but also offer consumers a wide range of health benefits. In conclusion, barley's diverse applications in food and health highlight its essential role in promoting healthier living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhvinder Singh Purewal
- University Centre for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | | | - Sneh Punia Bangar
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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Ijaz U, Zhao C, Shahbala S, Zhou M. Genome-Wide Association Study for Identification of Marker-Trait Associations Conferring Resistance to Scald from Globally Collected Barley Germplasm. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1637-1645. [PMID: 38451589 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-24-0043-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Scald is one of the major economically important foliar diseases in barley, causing up to 40% yield loss in susceptible varieties. The identification of quantitative trait loci and elite alleles that confer resistance to scald is imperative in reducing the threats to barley production. In this study, genome-wide association studies were conducted using a panel of 697 barley genotypes to identify quantitative trait loci for scald resistance. Field experiments were conducted over three consecutive years. Among different models used for genome-wide association studies analysis, FarmCPU was shown to be the best-suited model. Nineteen significant marker-trait associations related to scald resistance were identified across six different chromosomes. Eleven of these marker-trait associations correspond to previously reported scald resistance genes Rrs1, Rrs4, and Rrs2, respectively. Eight novel marker-trait associations were identified in this study, with the candidate genes encoding a diverse class of proteins, including region leucine-rich repeats, AP2/ERF transcription factor, homeodomain-leucine zipper, and protein kinase family proteins. The combination of identified superior alleles significantly reduces disease severity scores. The results will be valuable for marker-assisted breeding for developing scald-resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ijaz
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia
| | - Sergey Shahbala
- School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia
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Martínez-Subirà M, Meints B, Tomasino E, Hayes P. Effects of roasting and steeping on nutrients and physiochemical compounds in organically grown naked barley teas. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101385. [PMID: 38665632 PMCID: PMC11043873 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Barley tea, a popular beverage with cultural traditions in East Asia, has long been esteemed for its flavor, aroma, thirst-quenching properties and perceived health benefits attributed to bioactive compounds. This study investigated the nutritional, bioactive, and antioxidant aspects of three commercial naked barley varieties, focusing on the impact of roasting and subsequent steeping for tea. Roasting did not affect total dietary fiber or β-glucan content. The process reduced sugar content and led to the disappearance of free amino acids, contributing to high levels of acrylamide and color changes. Roasting diminished total phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, resulting in reduced antioxidant activity. Metabolite analysis identified compounds in roasted grains that could influence tea flavor and aroma. Roasted barley tea made from these varieties was not a source of dietary fiber or antioxidants, but also contained no acrylamide. Therefore, consumers seeking such benefits from barley are urged to consume whole grain foods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brigid Meints
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Elizabeth Tomasino
- Department of Food Science &Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Patrick Hayes
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Friero I, Macià A, Romero MP, Romagosa I, Martínez-Subirà M, Moralejo M. Unlocking Phenolic Potential: Determining the Optimal Grain Development Stage in Hull-Less Barley Genotypes with Varying Grain Color. Foods 2024; 13:1841. [PMID: 38928783 PMCID: PMC11202528 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Barley is rich in phenolic compounds, providing health benefits and making it a valuable addition to a balanced diet. However, most studies focus on these compounds at barley's final maturity, neglecting their synthesis during grain development and its impact on barley quality for food applications. This study investigates phenolic profiles during grain development in four hull-less barley genotypes with different grain colors, specifically bred for food applications. The objectives were to determine the phenolic profile and identify the optimal maturity stage for maximum phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Using UPLC-MS/MS and in vitro antioxidant capacity assays, results show that total phenolic compounds decrease as grain matures due to increased synthesis of reserve components. Flavan-3-ols, phenolic acids, and flavone glycosides peaked at immature stages, while anthocyanins peaked at physiological maturity. The harvest stage had the lowest phenolic content, with a gradient from black to yellow, purple, and blue genotypes. Antioxidant capacity fluctuated during maturation, correlating positively with phenolic compounds, specially bound phenolic acids and anthocyanins. These findings suggest that early harvesting of immature grain can help retain bioactive compounds, promoting the use of immature barley grains in foods. To support this market, incentives should offset costs associated with decreased grain weight.
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Elshafei AA, Ibrahim EI, Abdellatif KF, Salem AEAK, Moustafa KA, Al-Doss AA, Migdadi HM, Hussien AM, Soufan W, Abd El Rahman T, Eldemery SM. Molecular and agro-morphological characterization of new barley genotypes in arid environments. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:41. [PMID: 38862994 PMCID: PMC11167802 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic diversity, population structure, agro-morphological traits, and molecular characteristics, are crucial for either preserving genetic resources or developing new cultivars. Due to climate change, water availability for agricultural use is progressively diminishing. This study used 100 molecular markers (25 TRAP, 22 SRAP, 23 ISTR, and 30 SSR). Additionally, 15 morphological characteristics were utilized to evaluate the optimal agronomic traits of 12 different barley genotypes under arid conditions. RESULTS Substantial variations, ranging from significant to highly significant, were observed in the 15 agromorphological parameters evaluated among the 12 genotypes. The KSU-B101 barley genotype demonstrated superior performance in five specific traits: spike number per plant, 100-grain weight, spike number per square meter, harvest index, and grain yield. These results indicate its potential for achieving high yields in arid regions. The Sahrawy barley genotype exhibited the highest values across five parameters, namely leaf area, spike weight per plant, spike length, spike weight per square meter, and biological yield, making it a promising candidate for animal feed. The KSU-B105 genotype exhibited early maturity and a high grain count per spike, which reflects its early maturity and ability to produce a high number of grains per spike. This suggests its suitability for both animal feed and human food in arid areas. Based on marker data, the molecular study found that the similarity coefficients between the barley genotypes ranged from 0.48 to 0.80, with an average of 0.64. The dendrogram constructed from these data revealed three distinct clusters with a similarity coefficient of 0.80. Notably, the correlation between the dendrogram and its similarity matrix was high (0.903), indicating its accuracy in depicting the genetic relationships. The combined analysis revealed a moderate correlation between the morphological and molecular analysis, suggesting alignment between the two characterization methods. CONCLUSIONS The morphological and molecular analyses of the 12 barley genotypes in this study effectively revealed the varied genetic characteristics of their agro-performance in arid conditions. KSU-B101, Sahrawy, and KSU-B105 have emerged as promising candidates for different agricultural applications in arid regions. Further research on these genotypes could reveal their full potential for breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel A Elshafei
- Genetics and Cytology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Eid I Ibrahim
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal F Abdellatif
- Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Azeem K Salem
- Field Crops Research Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Moustafa
- Barley Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A Al-Doss
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussein M Migdadi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal M Hussien
- Genetic Resources Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Walid Soufan
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha Abd El Rahman
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Samah M Eldemery
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
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Gianinetti A, Ghizzoni R, Desiderio F, Morcia C, Terzi V, Baronchelli M. QTL Analysis of β-Glucan Content and Other Grain Traits in a Recombinant Population of Spring Barley. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6296. [PMID: 38928003 PMCID: PMC11204098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Barley with high grain β-glucan content is valuable for functional foods. The identification of loci for high β-glucan content is, thus, of great importance for barley breeding. Segregation mapping for the content in β-glucan and other barley grain components (starch, protein, lipid, ash, phosphorous, calcium, sodium) was performed using the progeny of the cross between Glacier AC38, a mutant with high amylose, and CDC Fibar, a high β-glucan waxy cultivar. The offspring of this cross showed transgressive segregation for β-glucan content. Linkage analysis based on single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular markers was used for the genotyping of the parents and recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Two Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for β-glucan content and several QTL for other grain components were found. The former ones, located on chromosomes 1H and 7H, explained 27.9% and 27.4% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Glacier AC38 provided the allele for high β-glucan content at the QTL on chromosome 1H, whereas CDC Fibar contributed the allele at the QTL on chromosome 7H. Their recombination resulted in a novel haplotype with higher β-glucan content, up to 18.4%. Candidate genes are proposed for these two QTL: HvCslF9, involved in β-glucan biosynthesis, for the QTL on chromosome 1H; Horvu_PLANET_7H01G069300, a gene encoding an ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter, for the QTL on chromosome 7H.
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Li Y, Jiang Y, Cao D, Dang B, Yang X, Fan S, Shen Y, Li G, Liu B. Creating a zero amylose barley with high soluble sugar content by genome editing. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:50. [PMID: 38656412 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Amylose biosynthesis is strictly associated with granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) encoded by the Waxy gene. Mutagenesis of single bases in the Waxy gene, which induced by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, caused absence of intact GBSSI protein in grain of the edited line. The amylose and amylopectin contents of waxy mutants were zero and 31.73%, while those in the wild type were 33.50% and 39.00%, respectively. The absence of GBSSI protein led to increase in soluble sugar content to 37.30% compared with only 10.0% in the wild type. Sucrose and β-glucan, were 39.16% and 35.40% higher in waxy mutants than in the wild type, respectively. Transcriptome analysis identified differences between the wild type and waxy mutants that could partly explain the reduction in amylose and amylopectin contents and the increase in soluble sugar, sucrose and β-glucan contents. This waxy flour, which showed lower final viscosity and setback, and higher breakdown, could provide more option for food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
- Qinghai academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, 810016, China
| | - Dong Cao
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Bin Dang
- Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Xijuan Yang
- Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Shiting Fan
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yuhu Shen
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Genying Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Baolong Liu
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
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Yao H, Yin J, Nie S. Structural characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides from barley: a review. Food Funct 2024; 15:3246-3258. [PMID: 38446134 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05793c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is rich in starch and non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs), especially β-glucan and arabinoxylan. Genotypes and isolation methods may affect their structural characteristics, properties and biological activities. The structure-activity relationships of NSPs in barley have not been paid much attention. This review summarizes the extraction methods, structural characteristics and physicochemical properties of barley polysaccharides. Moreover, the roles of barley β-glucan and arabinoxylan in the immune system, glucose metabolism, regulation of lipid metabolism and absorption of mineral elements are summarized. This review may help in the development of functional products in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyingye Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Junyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Jośko I, Kusiak M, Sozoniuk M, Feculak M, Wu KCW, Fitzgerald M, Alyafei MS, Sheteiwy MS. Analysis of multiple biomarkers revealed the size matters of Cu particles for barley response under foliar exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170673. [PMID: 38316301 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The impact of particle size of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) on plant response has marginally been investigated under the foliar application so far. Concerning the significance of particle diameter for their properties and interaction with plants, the effect of size should be considered in the analysis of the effect of micronutrient-based ENPs on plants. It is of particular importance for ENPs containing Cu due to plants needing a relatively low amount of this element, thus there is a risk of overdosing during application as a fertilizer or pesticide. Here, we examined the biochemical and transcriptional response of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to Cu nanoparticles (nano-Cu) with different diameters (25 nm, 50 nm, 70 nm), microparticles (micro-Cu), and chelated Cu (EDTA-Cu). The plants suffering from Cu deficiency were foliar sprayed with Cu compounds at 1000 mg/L during the tillering stage. 1- and 7-day plants were analyzed in terms of biomass, Cu content, the activity of enzymes involved with antioxidant response, the content of low molecular weight compounds, and the expression of genes regulated metal homeostasis, aquaporins, and defense. The results showed that the Cu leaf level was differentiated over time and after 7 days it was higher under exposure to the smallest nano-Cu than other particulate Cu. Regardless of the duration of exposure, the Cu content was highest in plants treated with Cu-EDTA. The cluster analysis of all markers revealed a clear distinct response to the smallest nano-Cu and other particulate and ionic treatments. The bigger nano-Cu, depending on the markers, caused the medium effects between the nano-Cu 25 nm and micro-Cu and Cu-EDTA. The found size thresholds at the nanoscale will be useful for the fabrication of safe-by-design agrochemicals to provide crop security and attenuate environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Jośko
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Lublin 20-950, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Kusiak
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Lublin 20-950, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sozoniuk
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Lublin 20-950, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Feculak
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, University of Life Sciences, Lublin 20-950, Poland
| | - Kevin C-W Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institute, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli City 350, Taiwan
| | - Melissa Fitzgerald
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Mohamed Salem Alyafei
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Salah Sheteiwy
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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11
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Nowak K, Wójcikowska B, Gajecka M, Elżbieciak A, Morończyk J, Wójcik AM, Żemła P, Citerne S, Kiwior-Wesołowska A, Zbieszczyk J, Gaj MD. The improvement of the in vitro plant regeneration in barley with the epigenetic modifier of histone acetylation, trichostatin A. J Appl Genet 2024; 65:13-30. [PMID: 37962803 PMCID: PMC10789698 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00800-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Genotype-limited plant regeneration is one of the main obstacles to the broader use of genetic transformation in barley breeding. Thus, developing new approaches that might improve responses of in vitro recalcitrant genotypes remains at the center of barley biotechnology. Here, we analyzed different barley genotypes, including "Golden Promise," a genotype commonly used in the genetic transformation, and four malting barley cultivars of poor regenerative potential. The expression of hormone-related transcription factor (TF) genes with documented roles in plant regeneration was analyzed in genotypes with various plant-regenerating capacities. The results indicated differential expression of auxin-related TF genes between the barley genotypes in both the explants and the derived cultures. In support of the role of auxin in barley regeneration, distinct differences in the accumulation of free and oxidized auxin were observed in explants and explant-derived callus cultures of barley genotypes. Following the assumption that modifying gene expression might improve plant regeneration in barley, we treated the barley explants with trichostatin A (TSA), which affects histone acetylation. The effects of TSA were genotype-dependent as TSA treatment improved plant regeneration in two barley cultivars. TSA-induced changes in plant regeneration were associated with the increased expression of auxin biosynthesis-involved TFs. The study demonstrated that explant treatment with chromatin modifiers such as TSA might provide a new and effective epigenetic approach to improving plant regeneration in recalcitrant barley genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Nowak
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Barbara Wójcikowska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Gajecka
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Elżbieciak
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Morończyk
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna M Wójcik
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Przemysław Żemła
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
- Toxicology Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network, Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry Branch Pszczyna, Doświadczalna 27, 43-200, Pszczyna, Poland
| | - Sylvie Citerne
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Agnieszka Kiwior-Wesołowska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Justyna Zbieszczyk
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata D Gaj
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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12
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Du B, Wu J, Wang M, Wu J, Sun C, Zhang X, Ren X, Wang Q. Detection of consensus genomic regions and candidate genes for quality traits in barley using QTL meta-analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1319889. [PMID: 38283973 PMCID: PMC10811794 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1319889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Improving barley grain quality is a major goal in barley breeding. In this study, a total of 35 papers focusing on quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping for barley quality traits published since 2000 were collected. Among the 454 QTLs identified in these studies, 349 of them were mapped onto high-density consensus maps, which were used for QTL meta-analysis. Through QTL meta-analysis, the initial QTLs were integrated into 41 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) with an average confidence interval (CI) of 1. 66 cM, which is 88.9% narrower than that of the initial QTLs. Among the 41 identified MQTLs, 25 were subsequently validated in publications using genome-wide association study (GWAS). From these 25 validated MQTLs, ten breeder's MQTLs were selected. Synteny analysis comparing barley and wheat MQTLs revealed orthologous relationships between eight breeder's MQTLs and 45 wheat MQTLs. Additionally, 17 barley homologs associated with rice quality traits were identified within the regions of the breeder's MQTLs through comparative analysis. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for molecular marker-assisted breeding and the identification of candidate genes related to quality traits in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Du
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Jindong Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Xingtai Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Jia Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Chaoyue Sun
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Xingen Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Xifeng Ren
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Andersen IKL, Fomsgaard IS, Rasmussen J. Intercropping of Narrow-Leafed Lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius L.) and Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) Affects the Flavonoid Composition of Both Crops. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:108-115. [PMID: 38146912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a common cereal crop in agricultural production and is often included in legume-cereal intercropping. Flavonoids, a major class of secondary metabolites found in barley, are involved in plant defense and protection. However, the effect of intercropping on barley flavonoids remains unknown. Herein, an intercropping system involving barley and lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) was studied. Intercropping increased the level of luteolin in lupin roots. Lupin-barley intercropping considerably increased genistein, rutin, and apigenin in barley shoots. Genistein and apigenin were also detected in intercropped barley roots and rhizosphere soil. The three flavonoids have been reported as defense compounds, suggesting that lupin triggers a defense response in barley to strengthen its survival ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida K L Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsoegsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Inge S Fomsgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Forsoegsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Jim Rasmussen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
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14
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Boczkowska M, Puchta-Jasińska M, Bolc P, Moskal K, Puła S, Motor A, Bączek K, Groszyk J, Podyma W. Characterization of the Moroccan Barley Germplasm Preserved in the Polish Genebank as a First Step towards Selecting Forms with Increased Drought Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16350. [PMID: 38003539 PMCID: PMC10671370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In marginal, arid, and semi-arid areas of Morocco, crops are often exposed to multiple abiotic and biotic stresses that have a major impact on yield. Farmer-maintained Moroccan landraces have been shaped by the impact of very strong selection pressures, gradually adapting to the local ecosystem and obsolete low-input agricultural practices without improvement towards high yield and quality. Considering the increasing threat of drought in Poland, it is necessary to introduce germplasm with tolerance to water deficit into barley breeding programs. The aim of this research was a DArTseq-based genetic characterization of a collection of germplasm of Moroccan origin, conserved in the Polish genebank. The results showed that all conserved landraces have a high level of heterogeneity and their gene pool is different from the material developed by Polish breeders. Based on the analysis of eco-geographical data, locations with extremely different intensities of drought stress were selected. A total of 129 SNPs unique to accessions from these locations were identified. In the neighborhood of the clusters of unique SNPs on chromosomes 5H and 6H, genes that may be associated with plant response to drought stress were identified. The results obtained may provide a roadmap for further research to support Polish barley breeding for increased drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Boczkowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Marta Puchta-Jasińska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Paulina Bolc
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Kinga Moskal
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Szymon Puła
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Adrian Motor
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Bączek
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska Str., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Groszyk
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
| | - Wiesław Podyma
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Poland; (M.P.-J.); (P.B.); (K.M.); (S.P.); (A.M.); (J.G.); (W.P.)
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15
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Pour-Aboughadareh A, Koohkan S, Zali H, Marzooghian A, Gholipour A, Kheirgo M, Barati A, Bocianowski J, Askari-Kelestani A. Identification of High-Yielding Genotypes of Barley in the Warm Regions of Iran. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3837. [PMID: 38005734 PMCID: PMC10675262 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important effects of climatic changes is increasing temperatures and expanding water deficit stress in tropical and subtropical regions. As the fourth most important cereal crop, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is crucial for food and feed security, as well as for a sustainable agricultural system. The present study investigates 56 promising barley genotypes, along with four local varieties (Norooz, Oxin, Golchin, and Negin) in four locations to identify high-yielding and adapted genotypes in the warm climate of Iran. Genotypes were tested in an alpha lattice design with six blocks, which were repeated three times. Traits measured were the number of days to heading and maturity, plant height, thousand kernels weight, and grain yield. A combined analysis of variance showed the significant effects of genotypes (G), environments (E), and their interaction (GEI) on all measured traits. Application of the additive main-effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model to the grain yield data showed that GEI was divided into three significant components (IPCAs), and each accounted for 50.93%, 30.60%, and 18.47%, respectively. Two selection indices [Smith-Hazel (SH) and multiple trait selection index (MTSI)] identified G18, G24, G29, and G57 as desirable genotypes at the four test locations. Using several BLUP-based indices, such as the harmonic mean of genotypic values (HMGV), the relative performance of genotypic values (RPGV), and the harmonic mean of the relative performance of genotypic values (HMRPGV), genotypes G6, G11, G22, G24, G29, G38, G52, and G57 were identified as superior genotypes. The application of GGE analysis identified G6, G24, G29, G52, and G57 as the high-yielding and most stable genotypes. Considering all statistical models, genotypes G24, G29, and G57 can be used, as they are well-adapted to the test locations in warm regions of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran;
| | - Shirali Koohkan
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Sistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Zabol P.O. Box 98616-44534, Iran;
| | - Hassan Zali
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Darab P.O. Box 71558-63511, Iran; (H.Z.); (A.A.-K.)
| | - Akbar Marzooghian
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz P.O. Box 61335-3341, Iran;
| | - Ahmad Gholipour
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gonbad P.O. Box 49156-77555, Iran; (A.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Masoome Kheirgo
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gonbad P.O. Box 49156-77555, Iran; (A.G.); (M.K.)
| | - Ali Barati
- Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj P.O. Box 31587-77871, Iran;
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Alireza Askari-Kelestani
- Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Darab P.O. Box 71558-63511, Iran; (H.Z.); (A.A.-K.)
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16
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Han J, Ham JR, Lee MJ, Lee HJ, Son YJ, Lee MK. "Nulichal" Barley Extract Suppresses Nitric Oxide and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production by Lipopolysaccharides in RAW264.7 Macrophage Cell Line. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2023; 28:370-376. [PMID: 37842259 PMCID: PMC10567604 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2023.28.3.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The cultivar "Nulichal," a type of naked waxy barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Korea, in 2010. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of the "Nulichal" ethanol extract (NRE) using various assays. The NRE exhibited a total phenolic content of 7.55±0.30 mg gallic acid equivalent/g and a flavonoid content of 1.74±0.08 mg rutin equivalent/g. Cell viability assays showed no toxicity of NRE on RAW264.7 macrophage cells up to concentrations of 500 μg/mL. The NRE (300 and 500 μg/mL) significantly reduced nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). It also down-regulated the mRNA expression and protein levels of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the NRE treatment significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, and their mRNA expression compared to LPS treatment alone. The NRE demonstrated strong free radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals in a dose-dependent manner. The ferric reducing antioxidant power assay also showed increased antioxidant activity with increasing NRE concentrations. These findings suggest that the NRE can be used as a functional food with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
| | - Ju Ri Ham
- Mokpo Marine Food-Industry Research Center, Jeonnam 5861, Korea
| | - Mi Ja Lee
- Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonbuk 5565, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Lee
- Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonbuk 5565, Korea
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
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17
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Jayarathna S, Jin Y, Dotsenko G, Fei M, Andersson M, Andersson AAM, Sun C, Andersson R. High fructan barley lines produced by selective breeding may alter β-glucan and amylopectin molecular structure. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121030. [PMID: 37321727 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Six cross-bred barley lines developed by a breeding strategy with the target to enhance the fructan synthesis activity and reduce the fructan hydrolysis activity were analyzed together with their parental lines, and a reference line (Gustav) to determine whether the breeding strategy also affected the content and molecular structure of amylopectin and β-glucan. The highest fructan and β-glucan content achieved in the novel barley lines was 8.6 % and 12 %, respectively (12.3-fold and 3.2-fold higher than in Gustav). The lines with low fructan synthesis activity had higher starch content, smaller building blocks in amylopectin, and smaller structural units of β-glucans than the lines with high-fructan synthesis activity. Correlation analysis confirmed that low starch content was associated with high amylose, fructan, and β-glucan content, and larger building blocks in amylopectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishanthi Jayarathna
- Department of Molecular Sciences, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Yunkai Jin
- Department of Plant Biology, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Gleb Dotsenko
- Department of Molecular Sciences, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mingliang Fei
- Department of Plant Biology, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden; Key Laboratory of Crop Epigenetic Regulation and Development in Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Key Laboratory of Education Department of Hunan Province on Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Mariette Andersson
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 190, SE-234 22 Lomma, Sweden.
| | - Annica A M Andersson
- Department of Molecular Sciences, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Chuanxin Sun
- Department of Plant Biology, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7080, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Roger Andersson
- Department of Molecular Sciences, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
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18
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Zhai S, Liu H, Xia X, Li H, Cao X, He Z, Ma W, Liu C, Song J, Liu A, Zhang J, Liu J. Functional analysis of polyphenol oxidase 1 gene in common wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1171839. [PMID: 37583591 PMCID: PMC10424926 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1171839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity is a major cause of the undesirable brown color of wheat-based products. Ppo1, a major gene for PPO activity, was cloned based on sequence homology in previous studies; however, its function and regulation mechanism remain unclear. In this study, the function and genetic regulation of Ppo1 were analyzed using RNA interference (RNAi) and Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes (TILLING) technology, and superior mutants were identified. Compared with the control, the level of Ppo1 transcript in RNAi transgenic lines was drastically decreased by 15.5%-60.9% during grain development, and PPO activity was significantly reduced by 12.9%-20.4%, confirming the role of Ppo1 in PPO activity. Thirty-two Ppo1 mutants were identified in the ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized population, including eight missense mutations, 16 synonymous mutations, and eight intron mutations. The expression of Ppo1 was reduced significantly by 6.7%-37.1% and 10.1%-54.4% in mutants M092141 (G311S) and M091098 (G299R), respectively, in which PPO activity was decreased by 29.7% and 28.8%, respectively, indicating that mutation sites of two mutants have important effects on PPO1 function. Sequence and structure analysis revealed that the two sites were highly conserved among 74 plant species, where the frequency of glycine was 94.6% and 100%, respectively, and adjacent to the entrance of the hydrophobic pocket of the active site. The M092141 and M091098 mutants can be used as important germplasms to develop wheat cultivars with low grain PPO activity. This study provided important insights into the molecular mechanism of Ppo1 and the genetic improvement of wheat PPO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Australian-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xianchun Xia
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haosheng Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyou Cao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- Australian-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Cheng Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianmin Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Aifeng Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhang
- Australian-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement, Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jianjun Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Valley of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
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19
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Cabello-Olmo M, Krishnan PG, Araña M, Oneca M, Díaz JV, Barajas M, Rovai M. Development, Analysis, and Sensory Evaluation of Improved Bread Fortified with a Plant-Based Fermented Food Product. Foods 2023; 12:2817. [PMID: 37569086 PMCID: PMC10417715 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to the demand for healthier foods in the current market, this study aimed to develop a new bread product using a fermented food product (FFP), a plant-based product composed of soya flour, alfalfa meal, barley sprouts, and viable microorganisms that showed beneficial effects in previous studies. White bread products prepared with three different substitution levels (5, 10, and 15%) of FFP were evaluated for physical characteristics (loaf peak height, length, width), color indices (lightness, redness/greenness, yellowness/blueness), quality properties (loaf mass, volume, specific volume), protein content, crumb digital image analysis, and sensory characteristics. The results revealed that FFP significantly affected all studied parameters, and in most cases, there was a dose-response effect. FFP supplementation affected the nutritional profile and increased the protein content (p < 0.001). The sensory test indicated that consumer acceptance of the studied sensory attributes differed significantly between groups, and bread with high levels of FFP (10 and 15% FFP) was generally more poorly rated than the control (0%) and 5% FFP for most of the variables studied. Despite this, all groups received acceptable scores (overall liking score ≥ 5) from consumers. The sensory analysis concluded that there is a possible niche in the market for these improved versions of bread products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Cabello-Olmo
- Biochemistry Area, Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Padmanaban G. Krishnan
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Miriam Araña
- Biochemistry Area, Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Oneca
- Biochemistry Area, Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús V. Díaz
- Pentabiol S.L., Polígono Noain-Esquiroz s/n, 31191 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel Barajas
- Biochemistry Area, Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maristela Rovai
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
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20
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Furuichi T, Abe D, Uchikawa T, Nagasaki T, Kanou M, Kasuga J, Matsumoto S, Tsurunaga Y. Comparison of Nutritional Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Pulverized and Unutilized Portions of Waxy Barley. Foods 2023; 12:2639. [PMID: 37509731 PMCID: PMC10378559 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To promote the use of waxy barley bran, an underutilized resource, samples of waxy barley were divided into three parts: polished waxy barley powder (PWBP), inner bran layer powder (IBLP), and outer bran layer powder (OBLP). The color and appearance, general properties, minerals, vitamins, β-glucan, antioxidant properties, and aroma of each part were compared. In terms of appearance and color, IBLP and OBLP appeared more yellow than PWBP; general components that were more abundant in IBLP and OBLP compared with PWBP were protein, fat, and ash. IBLP and OBLP had characteristically high values of Mg and Zn, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin B1, total polyphenol content, H-ORAC, and DPPH. In particular, the vitamin B1 content of OBLP was approximately 10 times higher than that of PWBP, and Mg and Zn content was more than five times higher than in PWBP. The β-glucan content of IBLP and OBLP was lower than that of PWBP, but relatively high. GC-MS analysis revealed that hexanal was the aroma component common to all three samples, and the peak areas were in the order of PWBP > OBLP > IBLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsugumi Furuichi
- Department of Living Science, Food Science and Nutrition, Tottori College, Tottori 682-8555, Japan
| | - Daigo Abe
- Western Region Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kagawa 765-8508, Japan
| | - Takuya Uchikawa
- Tottori Institute of Industrial Technology, Tottori 684-0041, Japan
| | | | - Mina Kanou
- Graduate School of Human and Social Sciences, Shimane University, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Junko Kasuga
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yoko Tsurunaga
- Faculty of Human Science, Shimane University, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
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Leite Dias S, Garibay-Hernández A, Brendel FL, Gabriel Chavez B, Brückner E, Mock HP, Franke J, D’Auria JC. A New Fluorescence Detection Method for Tryptophan- and Tyrosine-Derived Allelopathic Compounds in Barley and Lupin. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1930. [PMID: 37653847 PMCID: PMC10222917 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is one of the most widely cultivated crops for feedstock and beer production, whereas lupins (Lupinus spp.) are grown as fodder and their seeds are a source of protein. Both species produce the allelopathic alkaloids gramine and hordenine. These plant-specialized metabolites may be of economic interest for crop protection, depending on their tissue distribution. However, in high concentrations they pose a health risk to humans and animals that feed on them. This study was carried out to develop and validate a new method for monitoring these alkaloids and their related metabolites using fluorescence detection. Separation was performed on an HSS T3 column using slightly acidified water-acetonitrile eluents. Calibration plots expressed linearity over the range 0.09-100 pmol/µL for gramine. The accuracy and precision ranged from 97.8 to 123.4%, <7% RSD. The method was successfully applied in a study of the natural range of abundance of gramine, hordenine and their related metabolites, AMI, tryptophan and tyramine, in 22 barley accessions and 10 lupin species. This method provides accurate and highly sensitive chromatographic separation and detection of tryptophan- and tyrosine-derived allelochemicals and is an accessible alternative to LC-MS techniques for routine screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Leite Dias
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Adriana Garibay-Hernández
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Fabian Leon Brendel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Benjamin Gabriel Chavez
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Elena Brückner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Mock
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Jakob Franke
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz University Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - John Charles D’Auria
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
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Fan KJ, Liu BY, Su WH. Discrimination of Deoxynivalenol Levels of Barley Kernels Using Hyperspectral Imaging in Tandem with Optimized Convolutional Neural Network. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2668. [PMID: 36904871 PMCID: PMC10007200 DOI: 10.3390/s23052668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) in raw and processed grain poses significant risks to human and animal health. In this study, the feasibility of classifying DON levels in different genetic lines of barley kernels was evaluated using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) (382-1030 nm) in tandem with an optimized convolutional neural network (CNN). Machine learning methods including logistic regression, support vector machine, stochastic gradient descent, K nearest neighbors, random forest, and CNN were respectively used to develop the classification models. Spectral preprocessing methods including wavelet transform and max-min normalization helped to enhance the performance of different models. A simplified CNN model showed better performance than other machine learning models. Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) in combination with successive projections algorithm (SPA) was applied to select the best set of characteristic wavelengths. Based on seven wavelengths selected, the optimized CARS-SPA-CNN model distinguished barley grains with low levels of DON (<5 mg/kg) from those with higher levels (5 mg/kg < DON ≤ 14 mg/kg) with an accuracy of 89.41%. The lower levels of DON class I (0.19 mg/kg ≤ DON ≤ 1.25 mg/kg) and class II (1.25 mg/kg < DON ≤ 5 mg/kg) were successfully distinguished based on the optimized CNN model, yielding a precision of 89.81%. The results suggest that HSI in tandem with CNN has great potential for discrimination of DON levels of barley kernels.
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Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveal the Molecular Mechanism of Barley Genotypes Underlying the Response to Low Nitrogen and Resupply. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054706. [PMID: 36902137 PMCID: PMC10003240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is one of the most important mineral elements for plant growth and development. Excessive nitrogen application not only pollutes the environment, but also reduces the quality of crops. However, are few studies on the mechanism of barley tolerance to low nitrogen at both the transcriptome and metabolomics levels. In this study, the nitrogen-efficient genotype (W26) and the nitrogen-sensitive genotype (W20) of barley were treated with low nitrogen (LN) for 3 days and 18 days, then treated with resupplied nitrogen (RN) from 18 to 21 days. Later, the biomass and the nitrogen content were measured, and RNA-seq and metabolites were analyzed. The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of W26 and W20 treated with LN for 21 days was estimated by nitrogen content and dry weight, and the values were 87.54% and 61.74%, respectively. It turned out to have a significant difference in the two genotypes under the LN condition. According to the transcriptome analysis, 7926 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 7537 DEGs were identified in the leaves of W26 and W20, respectively, and 6579 DEGs and 7128 DEGs were found in the roots of W26 and W20, respectively. After analysis of the metabolites, 458 differentially expressed metabolites (DAMs) and 425 DAMs were found in the leaves of W26 and W20, respectively, and 486 DAMs and 368 DAMs were found in the roots of W26 and W20, respectively. According to the KEGG joint analysis of DEGs and DAMs, it was discovered that glutathione (GSH) metabolism was the pathway of significant enrichment in the leaves of both W26 and W20. In this study, the metabolic pathways of nitrogen metabolism and GSH metabolism of barley under nitrogen were constructed based on the related DAMs and DEGs. In leaves, GSH, amino acids, and amides were the main identified DAMs, while in roots, GSH, amino acids, and phenylpropanes were mainly found DAMs. Finally, some nitrogen-efficient candidate genes and metabolites were selected based on the results of this study. The responses of W26 and W20 to low nitrogen stress were significantly different at the transcriptional and metabolic levels. The candidate genes that have been screened will be verified in future. These data not only provide new insights into how barley responds to LN, but also provide new directions for studying the molecular mechanisms of barley under abiotic stress.
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24
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Yirgu M, Kebede M, Feyissa T, Lakew B, Woldeyohannes AB, Fikere M. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for genetic diversity and population structure study in Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:7. [PMID: 36788500 PMCID: PMC9930229 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01109-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-density single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant and robust form of genetic variants and hence make highly favorable markers to determine the genetic diversity and relationship, enhancing the selection of breeding materials and the discovery of novel genes associated with economically important traits. In this study, a total of 105 barley genotypes were sampled from various agro-ecologies of Ethiopia and genotyped using 10 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The refined dataset was used to assess genetic diversity and population structure. RESULTS The average gene diversity was 0.253, polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.216, and minor allelic frequency (MAF) of 0.118 this revealed a high genetic variation in barley genotypes. The genetic differentiation also showed the existence of variations, ranging from 0.019 to 0.117, indicating moderate genetic differentiation between barley populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 46.43% and 52.85% of the total genetic variation occurred within the accessions and populations, respectively. The heat map, principal components and population structure analysis further confirm the presence of four distinct clusters. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that there is substantial genetic variation among the different barley genotypes. This information is useful in genomics, genetics and barley breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihret Yirgu
- Department of Applied Biology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O.Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia. .,Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Madda Walabu University, P.O.Box 247, Robe, Oromia, Ethiopia.
| | - Mulugeta Kebede
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 3434, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tileye Feyissa
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Berhane Lakew
- grid.463251.70000 0001 2195 6683Holetta Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta, Ethiopia
| | | | - Mulusew Fikere
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Institute of Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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The life cycle study revealed distinct impact of foliar-applied nano-Cu on antioxidant traits of barley grain comparing with conventional agents. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112303. [PMID: 36737907 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite that the applicability of Cu-based engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) as an antibacterial and antifungal agent for plant protection has been studied widely, little is known about their role in the improvement of crop yield and quality. Here, a full life study was performed to investigate the nutritional quality and bioactivity of barley grains under foliar application of nano-/microparticulate (nano-Cu, nano-CuO, micro-Cu) and ionic Cu compounds (CuSO4, CuEDTA). Hordeum vulgaris L. plants were sprayed with Cu compounds at 500 mg/L during the end of tillering and the beginning of heading. Yield, mineral composition, protein and dietary content, antioxidant (phenolic, anthocyanin, flavonoid, tannin, flavanol) content and antioxidant capacity of barley grain were evaluated. Grain yield was unaffected by all treatments. Only nano-Cu and ionic compounds enhanced Cu accumulation in grain: 2-fold increase was observed compared to the control (2.6 µg/kg). Nano-Cu also increased the dietary fiber content by 19.9 %, while no impact of the other treatments was determined. The content of phenolic compounds, the main group of antioxidants, remained unchanged after Cu supply. In general, for all Cu treatment, antiradical and reducing abilities were decreased or were at the similar level in relation to the control. On the other hand, chelating power in grain extracts was 2-4 times higher under nano-Cu/nano-CuO/micro-Cu than in the untreated sample, while the ionic compounds had no impact on the chelating indicator. Our results demonstrated that more favorable effects were triggered by nano-Cu than CuSO4 or CuEDTA on the tested indicators of barley grain, despite that both compounds resulted in similar superior Cu acquisition. It suggests that nano-Cu may be considered as an alternative agent to be used as economic and traditional fertilizers.
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26
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Xie C, Wang P, Gu Z, Yang R. Spermidine alleviates oxidative damage and enhances phenolic compounds accumulation in barley seedlings under UV-B stress. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:648-656. [PMID: 36053964 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation can enhance the accumulation of phenolic compounds (PCs) in barley seedling, although this may result in severe oxidative damage. In the present study, the role of spermidine in alleviating oxidative damage and regulating synthesis of PCs in barley seedlings under UV-B stress was investigated. RESULTS Exogenous spermidine increased the length and fresh weight as well as PCs contents of barley seedlings under UV-B stress. Application of dicyclohexylamine, an inhibitor of endogenous spermidine synthesis, significantly inhibited the growth and PC accumulation of barley seedlings under UV-B stress, although this inhibitory effect can be alleviated by exogenous spermidine. Exogenous spermidine increased the contents of vanillic acid, syringic acid, protocatechuic acid and p-coumaric acid in barley seedlings under UV-B stress by 20-200% through enhancing the activities of enzymes related to synthesis of these acids. In addition, exogenous spermidine enhanced activities and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in barley seedlings under UV-B stress, including peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase. CONCLUSION Spermidine can alleviate oxidative damage of barley seedlings under UV-B stress and enhance the accumulation of PCs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenxin Gu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Runqiang Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Whole Grain Food Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Cembrowska-Lech D, Rybak K. Nanopriming of Barley Seeds-A Shotgun Approach to Improve Germination under Salt Stress Conditions by Regulating of Reactive Oxygen Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:405. [PMID: 36679118 PMCID: PMC9864488 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses are the most important environmental factors affecting seed germination, and negatively affect crop production worldwide. Water availability is essential for proper seed imbibition and germination. The mechanism by which seeds can germinate in areas with high soil salinity is, however, still unclear. The present study aims to investigate the protective roles of AgNPs in alleviating stress symptoms caused by salinity exposure in barley seeds. For this purpose, different treatment combinations of seed priming with PVP-AgNPs in salinity stress conditions were used. Salt stress (150 and 200 mM) was found to reduce seed germination by 100% when compared to the control. Under NaCl concentrations, seed priming with PVP-AgNPs (40 mg L-1) only for 2 h, reduced salinity effects. Salinity resulted in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation compared to the control. However, increased antioxidants in the NPs treatments, such as SOD, CAT, GR, GPX (expression at both genes, such as HvSOD, HvCAT, HvGR or HvGPX, and protein levels) and glutathione content, scavenged these ROS. Considering all of the parameters under study, priming alleviated salt stress. To summarize, seed priming with AgNPs has the potential to alleviate salinity stress via reduced ROS generation and activation of the antioxidant enzymatic system during germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Cembrowska-Lech
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Kinga Rybak
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
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28
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Capo-chichi LJA, Elakhdar A, Kubo T, Nyachiro J, Juskiw P, Capettini F, Slaski JJ, Ramirez GH, Beattie AD. Genetic diversity and population structure assessment of Western Canadian barley cooperative trials. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1006719. [PMID: 36699829 PMCID: PMC9868428 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1006719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Studying the population structure and genetic diversity of historical datasets is a proposed use for association analysis. This is particularly important when the dataset contains traits that are time-consuming or costly to measure. A set of 96 elite barley genotypes, developed from eight breeding programs of the Western Canadian Cooperative Trials were used in the current study. Genetic diversity, allelic variation, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) were investigated using 5063 high-quality SNP markers via the Illumina 9K Barley Infinium iSelect SNP assay. The distribution of SNPs markers across the barley genome ranged from 449 markers on chromosome 1H to 1111 markers on chromosome 5H. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) per locus was 0.275 and ranged from 0.094 to 0.375. Bayesian clustering in STRUCTURE and principal coordinate analysis revealed that the populations are differentiated primarily due to the different breeding program origins and ear-row type into five subpopulations. Analysis of molecular variance based on PhiPT values suggested that high values of genetic diversity were observed within populations and accounted for 90% of the total variance. Subpopulation 5 exhibited the most diversity with the highest values of the diversity indices, which represent the breeding program gene pool of AFC, AAFRD, AU, and BARI. With increasing genetic distance, the LD values, expressed as r2, declined to below the critical r2 = 0.18 after 3.91 cM, and the same pattern was observed on each chromosome. Our results identified an important pattern of genetic diversity among the Canadian barley panel that was proposed to be representative of target breeding programs and may have important implications for association mapping in the future. This highlight, that efforts to identify novel variability underlying this diversity may present practical breeding opportunities to develop new barley genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic J. A. Capo-chichi
- Department of Renewable Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ammar Elakhdar
- Institute of Genetic Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Takahiko Kubo
- Institute of Genetic Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Joseph Nyachiro
- Field Crop Development Centre, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lacombe, AB, Canada
| | - Patricia Juskiw
- Field Crop Development Centre, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lacombe, AB, Canada
| | - Flavio Capettini
- Field Crop Development Centre, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Lacombe, AB, Canada
| | - Jan J. Slaski
- Ecosystems and Plant Sciences, InnoTech Alberta Inc., Vegreville, AB, Canada
| | - Guillermo Hernandez Ramirez
- Department of Renewable Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Aaron D. Beattie
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Abdeldaiem AM, Ali AH, Shah N, Ayyash M, Mousa AH. Physicochemical analysis, rheological properties, and sensory evaluation of yogurt drink supplemented with roasted barley powder. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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30
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The relationship between starch structure and digestibility by time-course digestion of amylopectin-only and amylose-only barley starches. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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31
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Reidzane S, Gramatina I, Galoburda R, Komasilovs V, Zacepins A, Bljahhina A, Kince T, Traksmaa A, Klava D. Composition of Polysaccharides in Hull-Less Barley Sourdough Bread and Their Impact on Physical Properties of Bread. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010155. [PMID: 36613370 PMCID: PMC9818821 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex of polysaccharides of the grain transforms during processing and modifies the physical and chemical characteristics of bread. The aim of the research was to characterize the changes of glucans, mannans and fructans in hull-less barley and wholegrain wheat breads fermented with spontaneous hull-less barley sourdough, germinated hull-less barley sourdough and yeast, as well as to analyze the impact of polysaccharides on the physical parameters of bread. By using the barley sourdoughs for wholegrain wheat bread dough fermentation, the specific volume and porosity was reduced; the hardness was not significantly increased, but the content of β-glucans was doubled. Principal component analysis indicates a higher content of β-glucans and a lower content of starch, total glucans, fructans and mannans for hull-less barley breads, but wholegrain wheat breads fermented with sourdoughs have a higher amount of starch, total glucans, fructans and mannans, and a lower content of β-glucans. The composition of polysaccharides was affected by the type of flour and fermentation method used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanita Reidzane
- Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Riga Street 22, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ilze Gramatina
- Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Riga Street 22, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Ruta Galoburda
- Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Riga Street 22, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Vitalijs Komasilovs
- Faculty of Information Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Liela Street 2, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Aleksejs Zacepins
- Faculty of Information Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Liela Street 2, LV-3001 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Anastassia Bljahhina
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies (TFTAK), Mäealuse 2/4, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tatjana Kince
- Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Riga Street 22, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Anna Traksmaa
- Center of Food and Fermentation Technologies (TFTAK), Mäealuse 2/4, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Dace Klava
- Faculty of Food Technology, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Riga Street 22, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
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32
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Weng H, Yan J, Guo L, Chen H. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of the molecular mechanisms of two highland barley genotypes with pyroxsulam responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1030578. [PMID: 36618617 PMCID: PMC9812518 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Highland barley is one of the few crops that can be grown at high elevations, making it a key resource within the Tibet Plateau. Weeds are a significant threat to highland barley production, and new herbicides and tolerant barley varieties are needed to control this ever-growing problem. A better understanding of existing herbicide resistance mechanisms is therefore needed. In this study, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were used to identify molecular and physiological changes in two highland barley genotypes with differing sensitivities to the herbicide pyroxsulam. We identified several stress-responsive metabolites, including flavonoids and antioxidants, which accumulated to significantly higher levels in the pyroxsulam-resistant genotype. Additionally, we found key genes in both the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and the antioxidant system that were up-regulated in pyroxsulam-resistant barley. This work significantly expands on the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying differing pyroxsulam tolerance among barley genotypes and provides several new avenues to explore for breeding or engineering tolerant barley.
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Lukinac J, Jukić M. Barley in the Production of Cereal-Based Products. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3519. [PMID: 36559630 PMCID: PMC9780955 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is unjustly neglected today as a food grain. Interest in the use of barley in the food industry has increased recently. The reason for this is its content of dietary fibre, especially β-glucan, which has been shown to reduce blood cholesterol and lower blood sugar levels. The main nutritional components of barley and barley products, besides the mentioned β-glucan, are starch, sugar, proteins, fat and ash. Although not common in the production of bakery products, barley can be very easily involved in the production of the same products, and such products have improved nutritional characteristics and acceptable sensory characteristics, which make them desirable. Barley has great potential for use in a wide range of cereal-based foods as a partial or full replacement for currently used grains (such as wheat, oats, rice and corn). This article provides basic and general information about the use of barley in food and the processing of barley grains for use in the manufacturing of cereal-based products, with particular attention to the use of barley in the manufacturing of bread (flatbread and leavened bread), noodles and pasta, muffins and cakes and cookies and biscuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Lukinac
- Faculty of Food Technology, JosipJuraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marko Jukić
- Faculty of Food Technology, JosipJuraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia
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Jiang Y, Li J, Liu B, Cao D, Zong Y, Chang Y, Li Y. Novel Hina alleles created by genome editing increase grain hardness and reduce grain width in barley. Transgenic Res 2022; 31:637-645. [PMID: 35982368 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-022-00324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The hordoindolina genes (Hina and Hinb) are believed to play critical roles in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain texture. In this study, we created novel alleles of the Hina gene using CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly inter spaced short palindromic repeat-associated protein, CRISPR-Cas) genome editing. Mutagenesis of single bases in these novel alleles led to loss of Hina protein function in edited lines. The grain hardness index of hina mutants was 95.5 on average, while that of the wild type was only 53.7, indicating successful conversion of soft barley into hard barley. Observation of cross-sectional grain structure using scanning electron microscopy revealed different adhesion levels between starch granules and protein matrix. Starch granules were loose and separated from the protein matrix in the wild type, but deeply trapped and tightly integrated with the protein matrix in hina02 mutants. In addition, the grain width and thousand-grain weight of the hina02 mutant were significantly lower than those of the wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Baolong Liu
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Dong Cao
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yuan Zong
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yanzi Chang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Yun Li
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China. .,Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
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Alptekin B, Erfatpour M, Mangel D, Pauli D, Blake T, Turner H, Lachowiec J, Sherman J, Fischer A. Selection of favorable alleles of genes controlling flowering and senescence improves malt barley quality. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:59. [PMID: 37313013 PMCID: PMC10248683 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cash crop with stringent grain quality standards. Timing of the switch from vegetative to reproductive growth and timing of whole-plant senescence and nutrient remobilization are critical for cereal grain yield and quality. Understanding the genetic variation in genes associated with these developmental traits can streamline genotypic selection of superior malt barley germplasm. Here, we determined the effects of allelic variation in three genes encoding a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein (HvGR-RBP1) and two NAC transcription factors (HvNAM1 and HvNAM2) on malt barley agronomics and quality using previously developed markers for HvGR-RBP1 and HvNAM1 and a novel marker for HvNAM2. Based on a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the first intron, the utilized marker differentiates NAM2 alleles of low-grain protein variety 'Karl' and of higher protein variety 'Lewis'. We demonstrate that the selection of favorable alleles for each gene impacts heading date, senescence timing, grain size, grain protein concentration, and malt quality. Specifically, combining 'Karl' alleles for the two NAC genes with the 'Lewis' HvGR-RBP1 allele extends grain fill duration, increases the percentage of plump kernels, decreases grain protein, and provides malt quality stability. Molecular markers for these genes are therefore highly useful tools in malt barley breeding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01331-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Alptekin
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
- Present Address: Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Mohammad Erfatpour
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
- Present Address: Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108 USA
| | - Dylan Mangel
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
- Present Address: Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
| | - Duke Pauli
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
- Present Address: School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
| | - Tom Blake
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Hannah Turner
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Jennifer Lachowiec
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Jamie Sherman
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
| | - Andreas Fischer
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA
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Chloroplast DNA Diversity of Tunisian Barley Landraces as Revealed by cpSSRs Molecular Markers and Implication for Conservation Strategies. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:3905957. [PMID: 36238801 PMCID: PMC9529531 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3905957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In Tunisia, barley local landraces are still cropped for human and animal consumption in some subsistence farming systems under marginal and stressed conditions. These high-value genetic resources present a potential source of resistance genes to biotic and abiotic stresses useful for both national and international breeders. Actually, they are represented by threatened small populations, which face a high risk of genetic erosion and progressive substitution by modern varieties. In this study, the genetic diversity of 60 Tunisian barley landraces was assessed using six chloroplast microsatellites. All loci were found polymorphic, with 2 or 3 alleles per locus. Thirteen alleles were detected across the studied sample, which were combined into 8 haplotypes, giving a haplotype diversity (Hd) of 0.847. High punctual and haplotype genetic diversity was observed for Tunisian barley landraces when compared to other germplasms from other regions of the world. The genetic structure analysis revealed two major clusters of Tunisian barley landraces, which confirms their multiorigin. This result was corroborated by the median-joining network showing the genetic relationships among the eight detected haplotypes. The AMOVA analysis revealed that 83% of the genetic variation is between populations, which requires the in situ and ex situ conservation of plant material for all Tunisian populations of barley landraces. Information on genetic variation within the chloroplast genome is of great interest to ensure an efficient conservation strategy that takes into account the preservation of the various maternal lineages of Tunisian barley.
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Design of Cereal Products Naturally Enriched in Folate from Barley Pearling By-Products. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183729. [PMID: 36145105 PMCID: PMC9500880 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate is a fundamental vitamin for human health in prevention of many diseases; however, unfortunately its deficiency is widespread, so a greater availability of folate rich foods is desirable. The aim of this study was to design new cereal products naturally enriched in folate using barley flour from pearling as ingredient. Folate content of unfortified and fortified commercial grain-based products was considered to identify the best ingredients for new formulation and for folate content comparisons. Nineteen Italian barley cultivars were evaluated for their folate content and Natura was chosen for its highest folate levels = 69.3 μg/100 g f.w. Application of pearling gave a by-product flour with a high folate level: 221.7 ± 7.0 μg/100 g; this flour was employed to design pasta and biscuits naturally enriched in folate: 87.1 μg/100 g and 70.1 ± 3.7 μg/100 g f.w., respectively. Folate content of new products is higher than commercial samples: 39.2 μg/100 g in refined pasta, 60.4 μg/100 g in wholemeal pasta, 62.1 μg/100 g in fortified biscuits and 10.4 μg/100 g in unfortified ones. Enriched pasta had higher folate retention (68.5%) after cooking compared to the fortified one (27.8%). This research shows promising results concerning the pearling technique to design new cereal products naturally enriched in folates.
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Moroșan E, Secareanu AA, Musuc AM, Mititelu M, Ioniță AC, Ozon EA, Raducan ID, Rusu AI, Dărăban AM, Karampelas O. Comparative Quality Assessment of Five Bread Wheat and Five Barley Cultivars Grown in Romania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11114. [PMID: 36078830 PMCID: PMC9517766 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cereals whole grains contain vitamins, phytochemicals, antioxidants, resistant starch, and minerals with potential benefits to human health. The consumption of whole grains is correlated with a lowered risk of the most important chronic diseases, including type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some cancers. This study aimed to characterize and evaluate the content of five cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and five cultivars of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) obtained by conventional plant breeding using crossing and selection methods. The novelty and the purpose of this research was to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze these ten cultivars from Romania and to show the importance of, and the changes produced by, crossing and selection methods when these are aimed at the physiological or morphological development of the cultivars. Studies based on gluten dosing; spectrophotometry using Bradford, fructan and protein dosing; Kjeldahl protein dosing; GC-MS/MS-protein and amino acid dosing; and identification of protein fractions using polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic method were conducted. This study demonstrates the possibility of developing future cultivars using conventional methods of improvement to modify the content and composition of nutrients to increase their health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Moroșan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Andreea Secareanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Corina Ioniță
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Emma Adriana Ozon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionuț Daniel Raducan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Vasile Goldiș” Western University of Arad, 86 Liviu Rebreanu Street, 310045 Arad, Romania
| | - Andreea Ioana Rusu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Vasile Goldiș” Western University of Arad, 86 Liviu Rebreanu Street, 310045 Arad, Romania
| | - Adriana Maria Dărăban
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Vasile Goldiș” Western University of Arad, 86 Liviu Rebreanu Street, 310045 Arad, Romania
| | - Oana Karampelas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
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Effect of Genotype and Environment on Food-Related Traits of Organic Winter Naked Barleys. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172642. [PMID: 36076829 PMCID: PMC9455238 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to understand how genetics and environment influence organic winter naked barley composition and functionality, and to identify traits that might effectively categorize basic physicochemical functionality of food barley. Across three years, two locations, and 15 genotypes, genotype significantly influenced all 10 food-related traits and was the dominant influence for three. Location significantly influenced eight traits and was dominant for three. Year significantly influenced all traits but was dominant only for one. Of the interactions location * year was the most influential and was the dominant effect for two traits. For all interaction terms where genotype was a component, the effect sizes were either small or non-significant suggesting that even with low leverage traits there is the potential for genetic gain by observing trait rankings across environments. Principal component analysis identified six traits that could serve to categorize basic physicochemical functionality of food barley. These were grain protein content, beta-glucan content, flour-water batter flow, water solvent retention capacity, time to peak viscosity of cooked flour, and hardness of cooked intact grains.
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Nutritional and Technological Aspects of the Production of Proteic Extruded Snacks Added of Novel Raw Materials. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Indirect Measurement of β-Glucan Content in Barley Grain with Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131846. [PMID: 35804662 PMCID: PMC9265271 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Glucan is a component of barley grains with functional properties that make it useful for human consumption. Cultivars with high grain β-glucan are required for industrial processing. Breeding for barley genotypes with higher β-glucan content requires a high-throughput method to assess β-glucan quickly and cheaply. Wet-chemistry laboratory procedures are low-throughput and expensive, but indirect measurement methods such as near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) match the breeding requirements (once the NIR spectrometer is available). A predictive model for the indirect measurement of β-glucan content in ground barley grains with NIRS was therefore developed using 248 samples with a wide range of β-glucan contents (3.4%–17.6%). To develop such calibration, 198 unique samples were used for training and 50 for validation. The predictive model had R2 = 0.990, bias = 0.013% and RMSEP = 0.327% for validation. NIRS was confirmed to be a very useful technique for indirect measurement of β-glucan content and evaluation of high-β-glucan barleys.
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Editing of the starch synthase IIa gene led to transcriptomic and metabolomic changes and high amylose starch in barley. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 285:119238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ham JR, Son YJ, Lee Y, Lee HJ, Yeo J, Lee MJ, Lee MK. Korean naked waxy barley (saechalssal) extract reduces blood glucose in diabetic mice by modulating the PI3K-Akt-GSK3β pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112976. [PMID: 35447553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Saechalssal barley is Korea's representative naked waxy barley. This study investigated the anti-diabetic effect of the extract derived from saechalssal and its mechanism. The prethanol extract of saechalssal (SPE) showed greater α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro and a more significant lowering of the postprandial blood glucose levels in normal mice compared to its water extract (SWE). When mice with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin were fed SPE (200 mg/kg/day) for six weeks, the fasting blood glucose and serum free fatty acid levels were significantly lower than those of the control group. SPE significantly elevated the hepatic glycogen accumulation with increasing glycogen synthesis-related gene (GYS2 and UGP2) levels compared to the control group. SPE stimulated the expression of the hepatic glycolysis-related genes (GK, PFK1, and PK) and suppressed the gluconeogenesis-related genes (G6Pase, FBP1, and PEPCK). SPE up-regulated the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt), whereas it down-regulated the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) compared to the control. The major flavonoids of SPE were naringin, prunin, and catechin, while its phenolic acids were ferulic acid and vanillic acid. These phytochemical compounds may contribute to the anti-hyperglycemic effects of SPE in diabetes. Overall, these results suggest that SPE has potential anti-diabetic activity through the regulating the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Ri Ham
- Mokpo Marin Food-Industry Research Center, Mokpo 58621, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjin Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Lee
- Department of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Yeo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ja Lee
- Department of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
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Co-Occurrence Patterns of Ustilago nuda and Pyrenophora graminea and Fungicide Contribution to Yield Gain in Barley under Fluctuating Climatic Conditions in Serbia. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050542. [PMID: 35628797 PMCID: PMC9148124 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of production systems with reduced chemical input renewed the interest in Ustilago nuda and Pyrenophora graminea. The investigations of seed fungicide treatments are more related to their efficacy than to their contribution to yield gain. The data were collected from research and development trials on fungicide efficacy against U. nuda and P. graminea conducted from 2014 to 2020 in Serbia. Partial least squares, multiple stepwise regression and best subset regression were used for statistical modeling. The total number of plants infected with U. nuda and P. graminea per plot differed significantly in the seven-year period. Shifts in the predominance of one pathogen over the other were also shown. Temperature, total rainfall and relative humidity in flowering time (p < 0.001) influenced the occurrence of both pathogens. The strongest impact on yield loss was observed for temperature in the phenological phases of leaf development (p = 0.014), temperature in flowering time (p < 0.001) and total number of plants infected with U. nuda and P. graminea per plot (p < 0.001). Our results indicated that regression models consisting of both biotic and abiotic factors were more precise in estimating regression coefficients. Neither fungicidal treatment had a stable contribution to yield gain in the seven-year period.
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Nyiraguhirwa S, Grana Z, Ouabbou H, Iraqi D, Ibriz M, Mamidi S, Udupa SM. A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifying Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms for Iron and Zinc Biofortification in a Worldwide Barley Collection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11101349. [PMID: 35631775 PMCID: PMC9148054 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiency affects half of the world’s population, mostly in developing countries. Severe health issues such as anemia and inadequate growth in children below five years of age and pregnant women have been linked to mineral deficiencies (mostly zinc and iron). Improving the mineral content in staple crops, also known as mineral biofortification, remains the best approach to address mineral malnutrition. Barley is a staple crop in some parts of the world and is a healthy choice since it contains β-glucan, a high dietary protein. Barley mineral biofortification, especially with zinc and iron, can be beneficial since barley easily adapts to marginalized areas and requires less input than other frequently consumed cereals. In this study, we analyzed zinc and iron content in 496 barley samples. The samples were genotyped with an Illumina 50 K SNP chip. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 62 SNPs and 68 SNPs (p < 0.001) associated with iron and zinc content in grains, respectively. After a Bonferroni correction (p < 0.005), there were 12 SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphism) associated with Zn and 6 for iron. SNP annotations revealed proteins involved in membrane transport, Zn and Fe binding, linked to nutrient remobilization in grains. These results can be used to develop biofortified barley via marker-assisted selection (MAS), which could alleviate mineral malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Nyiraguhirwa
- International Center for Agriculture Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rue Hafiane Chekaoui, P.O. Box 6299, Rabat 10000, Morocco; (S.N.); (Z.G.)
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415, Rabat 10080, Morocco; (H.O.); (D.I.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, University Campus, P.O. Box 133, Kénitra 14000, Morocco;
| | - Zahra Grana
- International Center for Agriculture Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rue Hafiane Chekaoui, P.O. Box 6299, Rabat 10000, Morocco; (S.N.); (Z.G.)
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415, Rabat 10080, Morocco; (H.O.); (D.I.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, University Campus, P.O. Box 133, Kénitra 14000, Morocco;
| | - Hassan Ouabbou
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415, Rabat 10080, Morocco; (H.O.); (D.I.)
| | - Driss Iraqi
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Avenue Ennasr, P.O. Box 415, Rabat 10080, Morocco; (H.O.); (D.I.)
| | - Mohammed Ibriz
- Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, University Campus, P.O. Box 133, Kénitra 14000, Morocco;
| | - Sujan Mamidi
- Hudson Alpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way Northwest, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA;
| | - Sripada M. Udupa
- International Center for Agriculture Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rue Hafiane Chekaoui, P.O. Box 6299, Rabat 10000, Morocco; (S.N.); (Z.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +212-673346102
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Bugoni M, Takiya CS, Grigoletto NTS, Nunes AT, Vittorazzi Júnior PC, Chesini RG, da Silva GG, de Alcantara LVB, Rennó LN, Rennó FP. Dry malt extract from barley partially replacing ground corn in diets of dairy cows: Nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and milk composition. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:5714-5722. [PMID: 35525616 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dry malt extract (DME) has been used in animal nutrition as an alternative source of rapidly fermentable carbohydrate. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the partial replacement of ground corn with DME in diets of dairy cows on apparent digestibility, ruminal fermentation, predicted rumen microbial protein supply, N excretion, serum urea-N concentration, and milk yield and composition. Twenty-eight Holstein cows (35.3 ± 5.88 kg/d milk yield and 148 ± 78 d in milk), 4 of which were rumen cannulated, were blocked according to the presence of rumen cannulas, parity, milk yield, and days in milk and enrolled into a crossover design experiment. Experimental periods lasted 21 d, of which the first 14 d were allowed for treatment adaptation and 7 d were used for data collection and sampling. Treatment sequences were composed of control (CON) or DME from barley (Liotécnica Tecnologia em Alimentos) replacing ground corn at 7.62% diet dry matter (∼2 kg/d). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc.) modeling the fixed effects of treatment, period, and their interaction, in addition to the random effect of animal. Ruminal fermentation data were analyzed as repeated measures including time and its interaction with treatment in the previous model as fixed effects. Treatments did not affect nutrient intake or feed sorting. Dry malt extract increased apparent digestibility of CP. Feeding DME decreased ruminal pH and molar percentage of butyrate and increased molar percentage of acetate. No treatment effects were detected for predicted rumen microbial protein supply or N excretion. Cows fed DME had lower serum urea-N concentration than CON cows. Dry malt extract increased yields of actual milk, 3.5% fat-corrected milk, fat, and protein, and improved feed efficiency (fat-corrected milk ÷ dry matter intake). Cows fed DME had lower milk urea nitrogen content in comparison with CON cows. Dry malt extract can partially replace ground corn in the diet while improving milk yield and feed efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Bugoni
- Department of Animal Production and Animal Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 13635-900
| | - Caio S Takiya
- Department of Animal Production and Animal Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 13635-900
| | - Nathalia T S Grigoletto
- Department of Animal Production and Animal Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 13635-900
| | - Alanne T Nunes
- Department of Animal Production and Animal Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 13635-900
| | | | - Rodrigo G Chesini
- Department of Animal Production and Animal Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 13635-900
| | - Guilherme G da Silva
- Department of Animal Production and Animal Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 13635-900
| | - Luis V B de Alcantara
- Department of Animal Production and Animal Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 13635-900
| | - Luciana N Rennó
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil, 36570-900
| | - Francisco P Rennó
- Department of Animal Production and Animal Nutrition, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Brazil, 13635-900.
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47
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Comparison of physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grass at different growth stages. Food Chem 2022; 389:133083. [PMID: 35487082 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Barley grass polysaccharides (BGPs) are some of the major bioactive constituents of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grass (BG). They exhibit favorable biological activities and health benefits. In this study, seven BGPs were extracted from BG, which was harvested at three different growth stages (e.g., seedling, tillering, and stem elongation), by alkaline-extraction method. Their physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, and biological activities were investigated and compared. Results demonstrated that the extraction yields, chemical compositions, monosaccharide constituents, and molecular weights of the seven BGPs obtained at different growth stages varied obviously. These BGPs had similar preliminary structural characteristics but different microstructures and thermal properties. Furthermore, the BGPs (BGP-Z12 and BGP-Z21) obtained at the seedling stage possessed stronger in vitro antioxidant potentials, cholic acid binding activity, and immunological activity than other BGPs. Therefore, these results indicated that that the seedling stage of BG was the preferable harvest time for preparing highly bioactive BGPs.
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48
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Does Plant Breeding for Antioxidant-Rich Foods Have an Impact on Human Health? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040794. [PMID: 35453479 PMCID: PMC9024522 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the general beneficial effects of antioxidants-rich foods on human health and disease prevention, there is a continuous interest in plant secondary metabolites conferring attractive colors to fruits and grains and responsible, together with others, for nutraceutical properties. Cereals and Solanaceae are important components of the human diet, thus, they are the main targets for functional food development by exploitation of genetic resources and metabolic engineering. In this review, we focus on the impact of antioxidants-rich cereal and Solanaceae derived foods on human health by analyzing natural biodiversity and biotechnological strategies aiming at increasing the antioxidant level of grains and fruits, the impact of agronomic practices and food processing on antioxidant properties combined with a focus on the current state of pre-clinical and clinical studies. Despite the strong evidence in in vitro and animal studies supporting the beneficial effects of antioxidants-rich diets in preventing diseases, clinical studies are still not sufficient to prove the impact of antioxidant rich cereal and Solanaceae derived foods on human
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49
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Naveena B, Singh M. Effects of extrusion parameters on physical & textural properties of sorghum, barley, and chickpea‐based composite extruded products. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byreddy Naveena
- Department of Post‐Harvest Process & Food Engineering Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Jabalpur India
| | - Mohan Singh
- Department of Post‐Harvest Process & Food Engineering Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Jabalpur India
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50
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Yan JK, Chen TT, Chen X, Liu Y, Liu C, Li L. Assessing the product quality and biological activities of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grasses at different harvest times. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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