1
|
Lavoignat M, Cassan C, Pétriacq P, Gibon Y, Heumez E, Duque C, Momont P, Rincent R, Blancon J, Ravel C, Le Gouis J. Different wheat loci are associated to heritable free asparagine content in grain grown under different water and nitrogen availability. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:46. [PMID: 38332254 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Different wheat QTLs were associated to the free asparagine content of grain grown in four different conditions. Environmental effects are a key factor when selecting for low acrylamide-forming potential. The amount of free asparagine in grain of a wheat genotype determines its potential to form harmful acrylamide in derivative food products. Here, we explored the variation in the free asparagine, aspartate, glutamine and glutamate contents of 485 accessions reflecting wheat worldwide diversity to define the genetic architecture governing the accumulation of these amino acids in grain. Accessions were grown under high and low nitrogen availability and in water-deficient and well-watered conditions, and plant and grain phenotypes were measured. Free amino acid contents of grain varied from 0.01 to 1.02 mg g-1 among genotypes in a highly heritable way that did not correlate strongly with grain yield, protein content, specific weight, thousand-kernel weight or heading date. Mean free asparagine content was 4% higher under high nitrogen and 3% higher in water-deficient conditions. After genotyping the accessions, single-locus and multi-locus genome-wide association study models were used to identify several QTLs for free asparagine content located on nine chromosomes. Each QTL was associated with a single amino acid and growing environment, and none of the QTLs colocalised with genes known to be involved in the corresponding amino acid metabolism. This suggests that free asparagine content is controlled by several loci with minor effects interacting with the environment. We conclude that breeding for reduced asparagine content is feasible, but should be firmly based on multi-environment field trials. KEY MESSAGE Different wheat QTLs were associated to the free asparagine content of grain grown in four different conditions. Environmental effects are a key factor when selecting for low acrylamide-forming potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Lavoignat
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR1095 GDEC, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- AgroParisTech, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Cassan
- Université Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33883, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33883, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33883, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | | | | | - Renaud Rincent
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Justin Blancon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR1095 GDEC, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Catherine Ravel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR1095 GDEC, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jacques Le Gouis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR1095 GDEC, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dawar K, Dawar A, Tariq M, Mian IA, Muhammad A, Farid L, Khan S, Khan K, Fahad S, Danish S, Al-Ghamdi AA, Elshikh MS, Tahzeeb-Ul-Hassan M. Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) through Ammonia volatilization mitigation and nitrogen management approaches. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:74. [PMID: 38279107 PMCID: PMC10821210 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Management of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is a critical factor that can improve maize (Zea mays L.) production. On the other hand, high volatilization losses of N also pollute the air. A field experiment was established using a silt clay soil to examine the effect of sulfur-coated urea and sulfur from gypsum on ammonia (NH3) emission, N use efficiency (NUE), and the productivity of maize crop under alkaline calcareous soil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block (RCBD) with seven treatments in three replicates: control with no N, urea150 alone (150 kg N ha-1), urea200 alone (200 kg N ha-1), urea150 + S (60 kg ha-1 S from gypsum), urea200 + S, SCU150 (sulfur-coated urea) and SCU200. The results showed that the urea150 + S and urea200 + S significantly reduced the total NH3 by (58 and 42%) as compared with the sole application urea200. The NH3 emission reduced further in the treatment with SCU150 and SCU200 by 74 and 65%, respectively, compared to the treatment with urea200. The maize plant biomass, grain yield, and total N uptake enhanced by 5-14%, 4-17%, and 7-13, respectively, in the treatments with urea150 + s and urea200 + S, relative to the treatment with urea200 alone. Biomass, grain yield, and total N uptake further increased significantly by 22-30%, 25-28%, and 26-31%, respectively, in the treatments with SCU150 and SCU200, relative to the treatment with urea200 alone. The applications of SCU150 enhanced the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by (72%) and SCU200 by (62%) respectively, compared with the sole application of urea200 alone. In conclusion, applying S-coated urea at a lower rate of 150 kg N ha-1 compared with a higher rate of 200 kg N ha-1 may be an effective way to reduce N fertilizer application rate and mitigate NH3 emission, improve NUE, and increase maize yield. More investigations are suggested under different soil textures and climatic conditions to declare S-coated urea at 150 kg N ha-1 as the best application rate for maize to enhance maize growth and yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadim Dawar
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Atif Dawar
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Ahmad Mian
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asim Muhammad
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Farid
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shadman Khan
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Khan
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan.
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sá AGA, House JD. Adding pulse flours to cereal-based snacks and bakery products: An overview of free asparagine quantification methods and mitigation strategies of acrylamide formation in foods. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13260. [PMID: 38284574 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Thermal processing techniques can lead to the formation of heat-induced toxic substances. Acrylamide is one contaminant that has received much scientific attention in recent years, and it is formed essentially during the Maillard reaction when foods rich in carbohydrates, particularly reducing sugars (glucose, fructose), and certain free amino acids, especially asparagine (ASN), are processed at high temperatures (>120°C). The highly variable free ASN concentration in raw materials makes it challenging for food businesses to keep acrylamide content below the European Commission benchmark levels, while avoiding flavor, color, and texture impacts on their products. Free ASN concentrations in crops are affected by environment, genotype, and soil fertilization, which can also influence protein content and amino acid composition. This review aims to provide an overview of free ASN and acrylamide quantification methods and mitigation strategies for acrylamide formation in foods, focusing on adding pulse flours to cereal-based snacks and bakery products. Overall, this review emphasizes the importance of these mitigation strategies in minimizing acrylamide formation in plant-based products and ensuring safer and healthier food options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda G A Sá
- Richardson Centre for Food Technology and Research, Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - James D House
- Richardson Centre for Food Technology and Research, Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kaur N, Halford NG. Reducing the Risk of Acrylamide and Other Processing Contaminant Formation in Wheat Products. Foods 2023; 12:3264. [PMID: 37685197 PMCID: PMC10486470 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat is a staple crop, consumed worldwide as a major source of starch and protein. Global intake of wheat has increased in recent years, and overall, wheat is considered to be a healthy food, particularly when products are made from whole grains. However, wheat is almost invariably processed before it is consumed, usually via baking and/or toasting, and this can lead to the formation of toxic processing contaminants, including acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Acrylamide is principally formed from free (soluble, non-protein) asparagine and reducing sugars (glucose, fructose and maltose) within the Maillard reaction and is classified as a Group 2A carcinogen (probably carcinogenic to humans). It also has neurotoxic and developmental effects at high doses. HMF is also generated within the Maillard reaction but can also be formed via the dehydration of fructose or caramelisation. It is frequently found in bread, biscuits, cookies, and cakes. Its molecular structure points to genotoxicity and carcinogenic risks. PAHs are a large class of chemical compounds, many of which are genotoxic, mutagenic, teratogenic and carcinogenic. They are mostly formed during frying, baking and grilling due to incomplete combustion of organic matter. Production of these processing contaminants can be reduced with changes in recipe and processing parameters, along with effective quality control measures. However, in the case of acrylamide and HMF, their formation is also highly dependent on the concentrations of precursors in the grain. Here, we review the synthesis of these contaminants, factors impacting their production and the mitigation measures that can be taken to reduce their formation in wheat products, focusing on the role of genetics and agronomy. We also review the risk management measures adopted by food safety authorities around the world.
Collapse
|
5
|
Melash AA, Bytyqi B, Nyandi MS, Vad AM, Ábrahám ÉB. Chlorophyll Meter: A Precision Agricultural Decision-Making Tool for Nutrient Supply in Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) Cultivation under Drought Conditions. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030824. [PMID: 36983979 PMCID: PMC10059945 DOI: 10.3390/life13030824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
How crop biodiversity adapts to drought conditions and enhances grain yield became the most important issue facing agronomists and plant breeders at the turn of the century. Variations in genetic response, inadequacy of nutrients in the soil, and insufficient access to nutrients are factors that aggravate drought stressors. The development of screening tools for identifying drought tolerance is important in the deployment of durum wheat varieties suited to drought-prone environments. An experiment was conducted to evaluate durum wheat varieties under a range of nutrient supplies in naturally imposed drought conditions. The treatments consisting of two nitrogen regimes (i.e., control and 60 kg ha−1), four durum wheat varieties, and three types of nutrients (control, sulfur, and zinc) that were arranged in a split-split plot design with three replications. Both foliar-based sulfur and zinc fertilization were employed at the flag leaf stage, at a rate of 4 and 3-L ha−1, respectively. The results showed a significant (p < 0.05) genetic variation in chlorophyll concentration, grain protein content, tillering potential, and leaf area index. Varieties that contained better leaf chlorophyll content had improved grain yield by about 8.33% under 60 kg/ha nitrogen. A combined application of nitrogen and zinc at flag leaf stage significantly improved grain yield of Duragold by about 21.3%. Leaf chlorophyll content was found to be a more important trait than spikes per m2 to discriminate durum wheat varieties. Foliar application of sulfur increased the grain yield of drought-stressed plants by about 12.23%. Grain yield and protein content were strongly correlated with late-season SPAD readings. Significant (p < 0.05) correlation coefficients were obtained between normalized difference vegetation index, leaf area index, grain yield, and protein content with late-season chlorophyll content, revealing the importance of chlorophyll content in studying and identifying drought-tolerant varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh Agezew Melash
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Debark University, North Gondar, Debark P.O. Box 90, Ethiopia
- Correspondence:
| | - Bekir Bytyqi
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhoja Sylivester Nyandi
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Miklós Vad
- Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Babett Ábrahám
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tafuri A, Zuccaro M, Ravaglia S, Pirona R, Masci S, Sestili F, Lafiandra D, Ceriotti A, Baldoni E. Exploring Variability of Free Asparagine Content in the Grain of Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties Cultivated in Italy to Reduce Acrylamide-Forming Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1349. [PMID: 36987037 PMCID: PMC10054617 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide, a suspected human carcinogen, is generated during food processing at high temperatures in the Maillard reaction, which involves reducing sugars and free asparagine. In wheat derivatives, free asparagine represents a key factor in acrylamide formation. Free asparagine levels in the grain of different wheat genotypes has been investigated in recent studies, but little is known about elite varieties that are cultivated in Italy. Here, we analysed the accumulation of free asparagine in a total of 54 bread wheat cultivars that are relevant for the Italian market. Six field trials in three Italian locations over two years were considered. Wholemeal flours obtained from harvested seeds were analysed using an enzymatic method. Free asparagine content ranged from 0.99 to 2.82 mmol/kg dry matter in the first year, and from 0.55 to 2.84 mmol/kg dry matter in the second year. Considering the 18 genotypes that were present in all the field trials, we evaluated possible environment and genetic influences for this trait. Some cultivars seemed to be highly affected by environment, whereas others showed a relative stability in free asparagine content across years and locations. Finally, we identified two varieties showing the highest free asparagine levels in our analysis, representing potential useful materials for genotype x environment interaction studies. Two other varieties, which were characterized by low amounts of free asparagine in the considered samples, may be useful for the food industry and for future breeding programs aimed to reduce acrylamide-forming potential in bread wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tafuri
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.T.); (M.Z.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
- SIS Società Italiana Sementi, Via Mirandola 5, 40068 San Lazzaro di Savena, Italy;
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (S.M.); (F.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Melania Zuccaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.T.); (M.Z.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Stefano Ravaglia
- SIS Società Italiana Sementi, Via Mirandola 5, 40068 San Lazzaro di Savena, Italy;
| | - Raul Pirona
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.T.); (M.Z.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Stefania Masci
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (S.M.); (F.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Francesco Sestili
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (S.M.); (F.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Domenico Lafiandra
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (S.M.); (F.S.); (D.L.)
| | - Aldo Ceriotti
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.T.); (M.Z.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Elena Baldoni
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), via E. Bassini 15, 20133 Milano, Italy; (A.T.); (M.Z.); (R.P.); (A.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pesce F, Ponzo V, Mazzitelli D, Varetto P, Bo S, Saguy IS. Strategies to Reduce Acrylamide Formation During Food Processing Focusing on Cereals, Children and Toddler Consumption: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2164896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pesce
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Ponzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Mazzitelli
- Department of Reseach and Development, Soremartec Italia Srl, Alba, CN, Italy
| | - Paolo Varetto
- Department of Reseach and Development, Soremartec Italia Srl, Alba, CN, Italy
| | - Simona Bo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - I. Sam Saguy
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Swify S, Avizienyte D, Mazeika R, Braziene Z. Comparative Study Effect of Urea-Sulfur Fertilizers on Nitrogen Uptake and Maize Productivity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3020. [PMID: 36432748 PMCID: PMC9693617 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Combined nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilization is a good management strategy to reduce N loss and increase the efficiency of N fertilizers to achieve high grain yields and quality. Field trials for 2 yrs. (2018-2019) were conducted to evaluate the comparative advantage of conventional urea (150 N kg ha-1) compared to urea+ ammonium sulfate (150 N kg ha-1), urea+ calcium sulfate (150 N kg ha-1), and urea cocrystals (CaSO4.4urea) (150 N kg ha-1) when applied as nitrogen fertilizers to the maize. The statistics show a significant treatments effect on developed corn cobs, fresh and dry cob yields and grain yield, with 1000 grains with better results in 2019 than in 2018. The fertilization treatments affected grain yields significantly for 2018 and 2019, respectively. Urea+ ammonium sulfate and urea cocrystal provided a significant increase in grain yields by 10.5% and 7.50%, respectively, compared to urea in 2018, w1hereas, in 2019, urea cocrystal supplied the grain yields with a significant increase of 23.07% compared to urea, followed by urea + calcium sulfate which provided a 10.46% increase compared to urea. The study highlights that using urea-sulfur fertilizers enhanced the release of mineral nitrogen in the soil, improved the grain's N uptake by the plant and increased maize grain yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar Swify
- Lithuanian Research Center for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al.1, LT-58344 Akademija, Lithuania
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, New Valley University, El-Kharga 72511, Egypt
| | - Dovile Avizienyte
- Lithuanian Research Center for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al.1, LT-58344 Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Romas Mazeika
- Lithuanian Research Center for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al.1, LT-58344 Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Zita Braziene
- Lithuanian Research Center for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al.1, LT-58344 Akademija, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Trevisan S, Salimi Khorshidi A, Scanlon MG. Relationship between nitrogen functionality and wheat flour dough rheology: extensional and shear approaches. Food Res Int 2022; 162:112049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
10
|
Cai J, Zang F, Xin L, Zhou Q, Wang X, Zhong Y, Huang M, Dai T, Jiang D. Effects of Cysteine and Inorganic Sulfur Applications at Different Growth Stages on Grain Protein and End-Use Quality in Wheat. Foods 2022; 11:3252. [PMID: 37430998 PMCID: PMC9602307 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the significant effects of inorganic sulfur and cysteine on grain protein and flour quality in wheat and to provide a theoretical basis of wheat cultivation techniques with high yield and quality. In the field experiment, a winter wheat cultivar, Yangmai 16, was used, and five treatments were established, i.e., S0 (no sulfur fertilizer application during the whole wheat growth period), S(B)60 (60 kg ha-1 inorganic sulfur fertilizer was applied as the basal fertilizer), Cys(B)60 (60 kg ha-1 cysteine sulfur fertilizer was applied as the basal fertilizer), S(J)60 (60 kg ha-1 inorganic sulfur fertilizer was applied as the jointing fertilizer), and Cys(J)60 (60 kg ha-1 cysteine sulfur fertilizer was applied as the jointing fertilizer). The fertilizer application at jointing stage showed a better influence than basal fertilizer application on protein quality; for the content of albumin, gliadin, and high molecular weight glutenin (HMW-GS), Cys(J)60 was the best among these treatments. An increase of 7.9%, 24.4%, 43.5%, 22.7% and 36.4% was found in grain yield, glutenin content, glutenin macro-polymer (GMP), low molecular weight glutenin (LMW-GS), and S content under Cys(J)60, in relation to the control, respectively. A similar trend was found in the end-use quality, as exemplified by an increase of 38.6%, 10.9%, 60.5%, and 109.8% in wet gluten content, dry gluten content, sedimentation volume, and bread-specific volume, respectively; a decrease of 69.3% and 69.1% in bread hardness and bread chewiness was found under Cys(J)60. In terms of application period, topdressing at jointing stage is compared with base fertilizer, the sulfur fertilizer application at jointing stage showed larger effects on grain protein and flour quality, from the different types of sulfur fertilizer, the application of cysteine performed better than the use of inorganic sulfur. The Cys(J)60 exhibited the best effects on protein and flour quality. It was suggested that sufficient sulfur application at jointing stage has the potential to enhance the grain protein and flour quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dong Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Using the Haney Soil Test to Predict Nitrogen Requirements in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). NITROGEN 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen3020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Managing nitrogen (N) is one of the of the biggest challenges in achieving environmental and economic sustainability in the agroecosystem. As N fertilizer prices have increased significantly, farmers are considering a revised N recommendation to optimize crop production, while addressing negative environmental impacts of excess N in water bodies. This study analyzes the accuracy of using the Haney Soil Test (HST) to predict the N requirement (HSTNR) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a semi-arid climate. The accuracy of the HST to predict the economically optimum N rate (EONR) was dependent on in-season precipitation. In drought conditions, the HSTNR was 33 kg N ha−1 lower on average than the EONR. Conversely, in wetter years, the HSTNR was 35 kg N ha−1 higher than the EONR. Net return was approximately USD 19 ha−1 lower than that with the EONR under both precipitation scenarios. Similar differences were found for protein content. There was a strong correlation between soil respiration and the soil health calculation, within the HST, and the difference between the net return on yield from the HSTNR and the EONR yield. These indicators may serve as useful metrics for formulating soil health-based N recommendations in winter wheat. However, in drought-prone areas, the HSTNR may significantly underpredict the EONR in many years due to an overestimation of N mineralization.
Collapse
|
12
|
Mesias M, Delgado-Andrade C, Morales FJ. An updated view of acrylamide in cereal products. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
13
|
Gülüt KY, Hoşgökdelen B. Sulfur and nitrogen nutrition status in flag leaf and shoot samples collected from wheat growing areas in Çukurova, Central Anatolia and GAP regions of Turkey. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4807-4817. [PMID: 34354470 PMCID: PMC8325053 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfur (S) deficiency in soils and plants has been increased in the recent decade which is reducing crop yield and quality. Unfortunately, no extensive study has been conducted on S nutritional status of plants in Turkey. In this study, soil and plant samples were collected from Çukurova, Central Anatolia and GAP regions where wheat is extensively cultivated. Plant samples either as flag leaf or the whole shoot were collected depending on growth stage of wheat crop at sample collection. Similarly, surface (0-20 cm) and sub-surface (20-40 cm) soil samples were collected from plant sampling sites and a total 963 plant and 1947 soil samples were collected during the study. The S concentration in flag leaf samples varied between 0.18 and 0.67%, 0.11-0.59% and 0.17-0.82% for central Anatolia, Çukurova and GAP regions, respectively. According to S concentration in flag leaf samples, 99% of the plants in Çukurova region were found sufficient in S nutrition. However, 49% of the samples collected from central Anatolia and GAP regions were deficient in S. Critical N:S ratio indicating S nutrition status of plants was lower than the widely accepted critical value of 17. This low N:S ratio was a consequence of deficient N nutrition rather than S nutrition. Moreover, it was observed that plant available SO4-S concentration of soils varied within and among sampled provinces with an average value of 20.6 and 31.6 mg kg-1 for surface and sub-surface samples, respectively. The SO4-S concentration increased with increasing soil depth. The results indicate a significantly positive correlation between S concentration in plant shoot and plant available SO4-S concentration in soils. In conclusion, S-containing fertilizer use in central Anatolia and GAP regions must be considered as an important approach for the prevention of yield and quality losses. Furthermore, rapid and sensitive plant and soil analysis methods are needed, which must also consider the local and site-specific conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Yalçın Gülüt
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Bilgen Hoşgökdelen
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tian W, Wilson TL, Chen G, Guttieri MJ, Nelson NO, Fritz A, Smith G, Li Y. Effects of environment, nitrogen, and sulfur on total phenolic content and phenolic acid composition of winter wheat grain. Cereal Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Tian
- Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA
| | - Tara L. Wilson
- USDA Agricultural Research ServiceHard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit Manhattan KS USA
| | - Gengjun Chen
- Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA
| | - Mary J. Guttieri
- USDA Agricultural Research ServiceHard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit Manhattan KS USA
| | | | - Allan Fritz
- Department of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA
| | - Gordon Smith
- Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang C, Jia X, Zhao Y, Wang L, Cao K, Zhang N, Gao Y, Wang Z. The combined effects of elevated atmospheric CO 2 and cadmium exposure on flavonoids in the leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia L. seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 210:111878. [PMID: 33418159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids participate in several plant processes such as growth and physiological protection in adverse environments. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of eCO2 and cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils on the total flavonoid and monomer contents in the leaves of Robinia pseudoacacia L. seedlings. Elevated CO2, Cd, and eCO2+ Cd increased the total flavonoids in the leaves relative to the control, and eCO2 mostly increased (p < 0.05) the total flavonoid content under Cd exposure. Elevated CO2 increased (p < 0.05) robinin, rutin, and acacetin contents in the leaves of 45-day seedlings and decreased (p < 0.05) the content of robinin and acacetin at 90 and 135 d under Cd exposure except for robinin at day 45 under Cd1 and acacetin on day 135 under Cd1. Quercetin content decreased (p < 0.05) under the combined conditions relative to Cd alone. Kaempferol in the leaves was only detected under eCO2 on day 135. The responses of total chlorophyll, total soluble sugars, starch, C, N, S, and the C/N ratio in the leaves to eCO2 significantly affected the synthesis of total flavonoids and monomers under Cd exposure. Overall, rutin was more sensitive to eCO2+ Cd than the other flavonoids. Cadmium, CO2, and time had significant interactive effects on the synthesis of flavonoids in the leaves of R. pseudoacacia L. seedlings. Elevated CO2 may improve the protection and defense system of seedlings grown in Cd-contaminated soils by promoting the synthesis of total flavonoids, although robinin, rutin, quercetin, and acacetin yields may reduce with time. Additionally, increased Cd in the leaves suggested that eCO2 could improve the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Xia Jia
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China.
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Kemeng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Ningjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Yunfeng Gao
- School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710054, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shen M, Zhu X, Shang H, Feng F, Ok YS, Zhang S. Molecular characterization and environmental impacts of water-soluble organic compounds of bio-oil from the thermochemical treatment of domestic sewage sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:144050. [PMID: 33261874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble organic compounds derived from bio-oil (WOCB) are regarded as potential risk sources of sludge thermochemical treatment. This study showed that 10.35 mg of water-soluble organic carbon and 1.32 mg of water-soluble organic nitrogen were released per gram of sludge when the final temperature of thermochemical treatment was 600 °C. WOCB was mainly formed at 300-500 °C. Furthermore, FT-ICR MS results indicated that high temperatures promoted deamination reactions, and low molecular weight (LMW) compounds with low oxygen number polymerized into aromatic compounds with increasing temperature. Noteworthily, WOCB released at 20-600 °C showed strong phytotoxicity to wheat. LMW compounds with lignin/carboxylic rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)-like structures derived from low temperatures (200-400 °C) induced this inhibitory effect, but lipids containing nitrogen and sulfur from high temperatures (400-600 °C) can act as nutrients to promote wheat growth. This study provides theoretical support for the risk control and benefits assessments of sludge thermochemical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hua Shang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Effects of growing environment, genotype, and commercial fertilization levels on free asparagine concentration in Western Canadian wheat. Cereal Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
18
|
The Effect of Amending Soil with Waste Elemental Sulfur on the Availability of Selected Macroelements and Heavy Metals. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Elemental sulfur of waste origin may be a valuable sulfur source for plants. However, assessing the suitability of environmental use of a waste material should confirm there is no harmful effect of the material on soil environment. The purpose of the incubation experiment was to assess the availability of selected elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd) in soils supplemented with waste elemental sulfur. The research was conducted on two soils: light and heavy, and with three sulfur doses applied to each soil. Available forms of elements in the soils were extracted 60 days after the waste introduction, with three reagents: 0.01 mol L−1 CaCl2, Mehlich 3 and 1 mol L−1 HCl. Additionally, to determine the impact of the introduced sulfur on soil acidification, soil pH was periodically checked during the experiment. The sulfur addition intensified acidification of the light soil, and, to a lesser extent, of the heavy soil. The acidifying effect was stronger when the sulfur dose was higher. The content of available forms of elements in the soils depended mainly on the strength of the used extractants (generally, the highest amounts were extracted with 1 mol L−1 HCl and the lowest with 0.01 mol L−1 CaCl2). The effect of sulfur introduction on element availability was small. No harmful effect on element availability in soils was stated.
Collapse
|
19
|
Bioavailability of Sulfur from Waste Obtained during Biogas Desulfurization and the Effect of Sulfur on Soil Acidity and Biological Activity. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8070863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfur deficiency has been recognized as a limiting factor for crop production in many regions of the world. A 120-day incubation experiment was conducted to assess the effect of the applied waste elemental sulfur on sulfur bioavailability in soil. Four doses of sulfur were applied: 10, 20, 30 and 60 mg S kg−1 dry matter (d.m.) of soil. In order to assess the effect of soil pH adjustment on sulfur oxidation, the research was conducted on two sets of soil samples: one set of soil samples had natural pH, and the second one was limed before sulfur application. Application of waste sulfur slightly affected the soil pH, and increased the content of available sulfur in soil proportionally to sulfur dose. A beneficial effect of waste sulfur application on soil dehydrogenase and catalase activity was found. Liming reduced soil acidity, and significantly increased sulfate content and soil enzymatic activity. Waste elemental sulfur may be an alternative source of sulfur, supplementing the deficiencies of this element in soils. The described way of sulfur waste reuse corresponds with the increasingly common approach to create waste-free technologies in all economy.
Collapse
|
20
|
Raffan S, Oddy J, Halford NG. The Sulphur Response in Wheat Grain and Its Implications for Acrylamide Formation and Food Safety. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3876. [PMID: 32485924 PMCID: PMC7312080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Free (soluble, non-protein) asparagine concentration can increase many-fold in wheat grain in response to sulphur deficiency. This exacerbates a major food safety and regulatory compliance problem for the food industry because free asparagine may be converted to the carcinogenic contaminant, acrylamide, during baking and processing. Here, we describe the predominant route for the conversion of asparagine to acrylamide in the Maillard reaction. The effect of sulphur deficiency and its interaction with nitrogen availability is reviewed, and we reiterate our advice that sulphur should be applied to wheat being grown for human consumption at a rate of 20 kg per hectare. We describe the genetic control of free asparagine accumulation, including genes that encode metabolic enzymes (asparagine synthetase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthetase, and asparaginase), regulatory protein kinases (sucrose nonfermenting-1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) and general control nonderepressible-2 (GCN2)), and basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors, and how this genetic control responds to sulphur, highlighting the importance of asparagine synthetase-2 (ASN2) expression in the embryo. We show that expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase is reduced in response to sulphur deficiency, probably compromising glutathione synthesis. Finally, we describe unexpected effects of sulphur deficiency on carbon metabolism in the endosperm, with large increases in expression of sucrose synthase-2 (SuSy2) and starch synthases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nigel G. Halford
- Plant Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK; (S.R.); (J.O.)
| |
Collapse
|