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Chaverri D, Gallardo-Villares S, Pinto JA, Rodríguez L, Codinach M, García-López J, Querol S, Coll R, Vives J, Granell-Escobar F. Treatment of non-hypertrophic pseudoarthrosis of long bones with a Tissue Engineered Product loaded with autologous bone marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Results from a phase IIa, prospective, randomized, parallel, pilot clinical trial comparing to iliac crest autograft. Injury 2024; 55:111596. [PMID: 38797000 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrophic pseudoarthrosis is a serious complication with an incidence of 5-10 % of bone fractures located in the diaphysis of long bones. Standard treatments involve aggressive surgical procedures and re-interventions requiring the use of autografts from the iliac crest as a source of bone-forming biological activity (Standard of Care, SoC). In this context, regenerative ex vivo expanded osteogenic cell-based medicines could be of interest. Particularly, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) offer new prospects to promote bone tissue repair in pseudoarthrosis by providing biological activity in an osteoconductive and osteoinductive environment. METHODS We conducted a phase IIa, prospective, randomised, parallel, two-arms, open-label with blinded assessor pilot clinical trial to compare SoC vs. a tissue-engineered product (TEP), composed of autologous bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs loaded onto allogeneic decellularised, lyophilised spongy bone cubes, in a cohort of 20 patients with non-hypertrophic pseudoarthrosis of long bones. Patients were followed up for 12 months. Radiological bone healing was evaluated by standard X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scanning. Quality of life was measured using the EUROQOL-5D questionnaire. RESULTS Ten patients were randomized to TEP and 10 to SoC with iliac crest autograft. Manufacturing of TEP was feasible and reproducibly achieved. TEP implantation in the bone defect was successful in all cases and none of the 36 adverse events (AE) reported were related to the treatment. Efficacy analyses were performed in the Full Analysis Set (FAS) population, which included 17 patients after 3 patients withdrew from the study. The degree of consolidation, estimated by measuring Hounsfield units (HU) on CT, showed no significant differences between the two treatment groups at 12 months post treatment (main efficacy variable) (p = 0.4835) or at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Although only a small number of patients were included in our study, it is notable that no significant differences were observed between the experimental treatment and SoC, thus suggesting TEP as an alternative where autograft is not available or contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chaverri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, ASEPEYO Sant Cugat Hospital, Avinguda Alcalde Barnils, 54-60, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08174, Spain
| | - Santiago Gallardo-Villares
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, ASEPEYO Sant Cugat Hospital, Avinguda Alcalde Barnils, 54-60, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08174, Spain
| | - Javier A Pinto
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, ASEPEYO Sant Cugat Hospital, Avinguda Alcalde Barnils, 54-60, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08174, Spain
| | - Luciano Rodríguez
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Codinach
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan García-López
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Querol
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Coll
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando Granell-Escobar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, ASEPEYO Sant Cugat Hospital, Avinguda Alcalde Barnils, 54-60, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08174, Spain
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Kumar R, Mishra N, Tran T, Kumar M, Vijayaraghavalu S, Gurusamy N. Emerging Strategies in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cardiovascular Therapeutics. Cells 2024; 13:855. [PMID: 38786076 PMCID: PMC11120430 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases continue to challenge global health, demanding innovative therapeutic solutions. This review delves into the transformative role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in advancing cardiovascular therapeutics. Beginning with a historical perspective, we trace the development of stem cell research related to cardiovascular diseases, highlighting foundational therapeutic approaches and the evolution of cell-based treatments. Recognizing the inherent challenges of MSC-based cardiovascular therapeutics, which range from understanding the pro-reparative activity of MSCs to tailoring patient-specific treatments, we emphasize the need to refine the pro-regenerative capacity of these cells. Crucially, our focus then shifts to the strategies of the fourth generation of cell-based therapies: leveraging the secretomic prowess of MSCs, particularly the role of extracellular vesicles; integrating biocompatible scaffolds and artificial sheets to amplify MSCs' potential; adopting three-dimensional ex vivo propagation tailored to specific tissue niches; harnessing the promise of genetic modifications for targeted tissue repair; and institutionalizing good manufacturing practice protocols to ensure therapeutic safety and efficacy. We conclude with reflections on these advancements, envisaging a future landscape redefined by MSCs in cardiovascular regeneration. This review offers both a consolidation of our current understanding and a view toward imminent therapeutic horizons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Nitin Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Talan Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA
| | - Munish Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | | | - Narasimman Gurusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, 3200 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328-2018, USA
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Pérez-Torres Lobato M, Benitez-Carabante MI, Alonso L, Torrents S, Castillo Flores N, Uria Oficialdegui ML, Panesso M, Alonso-Martínez C, Oliveras M, Renedo-Miró B, Vives J, Diaz-de-Heredia C. Mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of pediatric hematopoietic cell transplantation-related complications (graft vs. host disease, hemorrhagic cystitis, graft failure and poor graft function): a single center experience. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1375493. [PMID: 38783918 PMCID: PMC11112085 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1375493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To describe mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the treatment of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) complications and to assess its safety and efficacy. Methods Single-center retrospective study (2016-2023). Patients under 20 years who received MSCs for the treatment of HSCT-related complications were included. Results Thirty patients (53.7% boys), median age at transplant 11 years (range 2-19) were included. MSCs indications were: graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) in 18 patients (60%), of them 13 had acute GVHD (43.3%) and 5 chronic GVHD (16.7%); Grade 3-4 hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in 4 (13.3%); poor graft function (PGF) in 6 (20%), 5 of them receiving MSCs with a CD34 stem cell-boost coinfusion; graft failure (GF) in 2 (6.7%), to enhance engraftment after a subsequent HSCT. Infusion-related-adverse-events were not reported. Overall response (OR) was 83% (25/30); 44% of responders (11/25) showed complete response (CR). OR for GVHD, HC, PGF and GF was 83.3%, 100%, 66.7% and 100% respectively. Response rate was 40% (95% CI: 20-55) and 79% (95% CI: 57-89) at 15 and 30 days. With a median follow-up of 21 months (IQR11-52.5), overall survival (OS) was 86% (95% CI: 74-100) and 79% (95% CI: 65-95) at 6 and 12 months post-MSCs infusion. Conclusion In our study, the most frequent indication of MSCs was refractory aGVHD (43.3%). Response rates were high (OR 83%) and safety profile was good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pérez-Torres Lobato
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall D'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Benitez-Carabante
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall D'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Alonso
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall D'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria Luz Uria Oficialdegui
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall D'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Melissa Panesso
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall D'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Maria Oliveras
- Department of Pharmacy, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Renedo-Miró
- Department of Pharmacy, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Vall D'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- Banc de Sang I Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Diaz-de-Heredia
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall D'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
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López-Fernández A, Codinach M, Coca MI, Prat-Vidal C, Castaño J, Torrents S, Aran G, Rodríguez L, Querol S, Vives J. Comparability exercise of critical quality attributes of clinical-grade human mesenchymal stromal cells from the Wharton's jelly: single-use stirred tank bioreactors versus planar culture systems. Cytotherapy 2024; 26:418-426. [PMID: 37715777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS The increasing demand of clinical-grade mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for use in advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) require a re-evaluation of manufacturing strategies, ensuring scalability from two-dimensional (2D) surfaces to volumetric (3D) productivities. Herein we describe the design and validation of a Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant 3D culture methodology using microcarriers and 3-L single-use stirred tank bioreactors (STRs) for the expansion of Wharton's jelly (WJ)-derived MSCs in accordance to current regulatory and quality requirements. METHODS MSC,WJ were successfully expanded in 3D and final product characterization was in conformity with Critical Quality Attributes and product specifications previously established for 2D expansion conditions. RESULTS After 6 days of culture, cell yields in the final product from the 3D cultures (mean 9.48 × 108 ± 1.07 × 107 cells) were slightly lower but comparable with those obtained from 2D surfaces (mean 9.73 × 108 ± 2.36 × 108 cells) after 8 days. In all analyzed batches, viability was >90%. Immunophenotype of MSC,WJ was highly positive for CD90 and CD73 markers and lacked of expression of CD31, CD45 and HLA-DR. Compared with 2D expansions, CD105 was detected at lower levels in 3D cultures due to the harvesting procedure from microcarriers involving trypsin at high concentration, and this had no impact on multipotency. Cells presented normal karyotype and strong immunomodulatory potential in vitro. Sterility, Mycoplasma, endotoxin and adventitious virus were negative in both batches produced. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we demonstrated the establishment of a feasible and reproducible 3D bioprocess using single-use STR for clinical-grade MSC,WJ production and provide evidence supporting comparability of 3D versus 2D production strategies. This comparability exercise evaluates the direct implementation of using single-use STR for the scale-up production of MSC,WJ and, by extension, other cell types intended for allogeneic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba López-Fernández
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain; Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Margarita Codinach
- Laboratori Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Coca
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Prat-Vidal
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Castaño
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Torrents
- Laboratori Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Aran
- Laboratori Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luciano Rodríguez
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Querol
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain; Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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López-Fernández A, Garcia-Gragera V, Lecina M, Vives J. Identification of critical process parameters for expansion of clinical grade human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in stirred-tank bioreactors. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300381. [PMID: 38403461 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cell therapies based on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are traditionally produced using 2D culture systems and platelet lysate- or serum-containing media (SCM). Although cost-effective for single-dose autologous treatments, this approach is not suitable for larger scale manufacturing (e.g., multiple-dose autologous or allogeneic therapies with banked MSCs); automated, scalable and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)-compliant platforms are urgently needed. The feasibility of transitioning was evaluated from an established Wharton's jelly MSCs (WJ-MSCs) 2D production strategy to a new one with stirred-tank bioreactors (STRs). Experimental conditions included four GMP-compliant xeno- and serum-free media (XSFM) screened in 2D conditions and two GMP-grade microcarriers assessed in 0.25 L-STRs using SCM. From the screening, a XSFM was selected and compared against SCM using the best-performing microcarrier. It was observed that SCM outperformed the 2D-selected medium in STRs, reinforcing the importance of 2D-to-3D transition studies before translation into clinical production settings. It was also found that attachment efficiency and microcarrier colonization were essential to attain higher fold expansions, and were therefore defined as critical process parameters. Nevertheless, WJ-MSCs were readily expanded in STRs with both media, preserving critical quality attributes in terms of identity, viability and differentiation potency, and yielding up to 1.47 × 109 cells in a real-scale 2.4-L batch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba López-Fernández
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Garcia-Gragera
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Engineering Materials Group (GEMAT), Bioprocessing Lab, IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramón Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martí Lecina
- Engineering Materials Group (GEMAT), Bioprocessing Lab, IQS School of Engineering, Universitat Ramón Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular i Avançada, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Martorell L, López-Fernández A, García-Lizarribar A, Sabata R, Gálvez-Martín P, Samitier J, Vives J. Preservation of critical quality attributes of mesenchymal stromal cells in 3D bioprinted structures by using natural hydrogel scaffolds. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2717-2724. [PMID: 36919270 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) bioprinting is an emerging technology that enables complex spatial modeling of cell-based tissue engineering products, whose therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine is enormous. However, its success largely depends on the definition of a bioprintable zone, which is specific for each combination of cell-loaded hydrogels (or bioinks) and scaffolds, matching the mechanical and biological characteristics of the target tissue to be repaired. Therefore proper adjustment of the bioink formulation requires a compromise between: (i) the maintenance of cellular critical quality attributes (CQA) within a defined range of specifications to cell component, and (ii) the mechanical characteristics of the printed tissue to biofabricate. Herein, we investigated the advantages of using natural hydrogel-based bioinks to preserve the most relevant CQA in bone tissue regeneration applications, particularly focusing on cell viability and osteogenic potential of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) displaying tripotency in vitro, and a phenotypic profile of 99.9% CD105+ /CD45,- 10.3% HLA-DR,+ 100.0% CD90,+ and 99.2% CD73+ /CD31- expression. Remarkably, hyaluronic acid, fibrin, and gelatin allowed for optimal recovery of viable cells, while preserving MSC's proliferation capacity and osteogenic potency in vitro. This was achieved by providing a 3D structure with a compression module below 8.8 ± 0.5 kPa, given that higher values resulted in cell loss by mechanical stress. Beyond the biocompatibility of naturally occurring polymers, our results highlight the enhanced protection on CQA exerted by bioinks of natural origin (preferably HA, gelatin, and fibrin) on MSC, bone marrow during the 3D bioprinting process, reducing shear stress and offering structural support for proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Martorell
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba López-Fernández
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea García-Lizarribar
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Sabata
- R&D Human Health, Bioibérica S. A. U., Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Josep Samitier
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Hennessy C, Deptula M, Hester J, Issa F. Barriers to Treg therapy in Europe: From production to regulation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1090721. [PMID: 36744143 PMCID: PMC9892909 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1090721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been an increased interest in cell based therapies for a range of medical conditions in the last decade. This explosion in novel therapeutics research has led to the development of legislation specifically focused on cell and gene based therapies. In Europe, the European medicines agency (EMA) designates any medicines for human use which are based on genes, tissues, or cells as advanced therapy medicinal products or advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs). In this article we discuss the hurdles to widespread adoption of ATMPs in Europe, with a focus on regulatory T cells (Tregs). There are numerous barriers which must be overcome before mainstream adoption of Treg therapy becomes a reality. The source of the cells, whether to use autologous or allogenic cells, and the methods through which they are isolated and expanded, must all meet strict good manufacturing practice (GMP) standards to allow use of the products in humans. GMP compliance is costly, with the equipment and reagents providing a significant cost barrier and requiring specialized facilities and personnel. Conforming to the regulations set centrally by the EMA is difficult, and the different interpretations of the regulations across the various member states further complicates the regulatory approval process. The end products then require a complex and robust distribution network to ensure timely delivery of potentially life saving treatments to patients. In a European market whose logistics networks have been hammered by COVID and Brexit, ensuring rapid and reliable delivery systems is a more complex task than ever. In this article we will examine the impact of these barriers on the development and adoption of Tregs in Europe, and potential approaches which could facilitate more widespread use of Tregs, instead of its current concentration in a few very specialized centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Hennessy
- Transplantation Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Milena Deptula
- Transplantation Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Embryology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Hester
- Transplantation Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fadi Issa
- Transplantation Research and Immunology Group, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Li H, Gu J, Sun X, Zuo Q, Li B, Gu X. Isolation of Swine Bone Marrow Lin-/CD45-/CD133 + Cells and Cardio-protective Effects of its Exosomes. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:213-229. [PMID: 35925437 PMCID: PMC9822881 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification in murine bone marrow (BM) of CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells, possessing several features of pluripotent stem cells, encouraged us to investigate if similar population of cells could be also isolated from the swine BM. Heart failure is the terminal stage of many cardiovascular diseases, and its key pathological basis is cardiac fibrosis (CF). Research showed that stem cell derived exosomes may play a critical role in cardiac fibrosis. The effect of exosomes (Exos) on CF has remained unclear. OBJECTIVE To establish an isolation and amplification method of CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells from newbron swine BM in vitro, explore an highly efficient method to enrich swine bone marrow derived CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells and probe into their biological characteristics further. Furher more, to extract exosomes from it and explore its effect on CF. METHODS The mononuclear cells isolated from swine bone marrow by red blood cell (RBC) lysing buffer were coated by adding FcR blocking solution and coupled with CD133 antibody immunomagnetic beads, obtaining CD133 + cell group via Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS). In steps, the CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells were collected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) labeled with CD133, Lin and CD45 antibodies, which were cultured and amplified in vitro. The biological features of CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells were studied in different aspects, including morphological trait observed with inverted microscope, ultrastructural characteristics observed under transmission electron microscope, expression of pluripotent markersidentified by immunofluorescent staining and Alkaline phosphatase staining. The Exos were extracted using a sequential centrifugation approach and its effects on CF were analyzed in Angiotensin II (Ang-II) induced-cardiac fibrosis in vivo. Rats in each group were treated for 4 weeks, and 2D echocardiography was adopted to evaluate the heart function. The degree of cardiac fibrosis was assessed by Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome staining. RESULTS The CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells accounted for about 0.2%-0.5% of the total mononuclear cells isolated from swine bone marrow. The combination of MACS and FACS to extract CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells could improved efficiency and reduced cell apoptosis. The CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells featured typical traits of pluripotent stem cells, the nucleus is large, mainly composed of euchromatin, with less cytoplasm and larger nucleoplasmic ratio, which expressed pluripotent markers (SSEA-1, Oct-4, Nanog and Sox-2) and alkaline phosphatase staining was positive.Animal experiment indicated that the cardiac injury related indexes (BNP、cTnI、CK-MB and TNF-α), the expression of key gene Smad3 and the degree of cardiac fibrosis in Exo treatment group were significantly reduced compared with the control group. 4 weeks after the treatment, cardiac ejection fraction (EF) value in the model group showed a remarkable decrease, indicating the induction of HF model. While Exo elevated the EF values, demonstrating cardio-protective effects. CONCLUSION The CD133 + /Lin-/CD45- cells derived from swine bone marrow were successfully isolated and amplified, laying a good foundation for further research on this promising therapeutic cell. The Exos may be a promising potential treatment strategy for CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Li
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianjun Gu
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bichun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Gu
- Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, 225001, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Torrents S, Grau-Vorster M, Vives J. Illustrative Potency Assay Examples from Approved Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1420:139-149. [PMID: 37258788 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30040-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) encompass a new type of drugs resulting from the manipulation of genes, cells, and tissues to generate innovative medicinal entities with tailored pharmaceutical activity. Definition of suitable potency tests for product release are challenging in this context, in which the active ingredient is composed of living cells and the mechanism of action often is poorly understood. In this chapter, we present and discuss actual potency assays used for the release of representative commercial ATMP from each category of products (namely, KYMRIAH® (tisagenlecleucel), Holoclar® (limbal epithelial stem cells), and PROCHYMAL®/RYONCIL™ (remestemcel-L)). We also examine concerns related to the biological relevance of selected potency assays and challenges ahead for harmonization and broader implementation in compliance with current quality standards and regulatory guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Torrents
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Transfusion Medicine group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Grau-Vorster
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Transfusion Medicine group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain.
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Muñoz-Domínguez N, Carreras-Sánchez I, López-Fernández A, Vives J. Optimisation of processing methods to improve success in the derivation of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells from cryopreserved umbilical cord tissue fragments. Cryobiology 2022; 108:34-41. [PMID: 36041506 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Wharton's Jelly (WJ)-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) are currently in the spotlight for the development of innovative MSC-based therapies due to their ease of sourcing, high proliferation capacity and improved immunopotency over MSC from other tissue sources. However, the short time window for derivation from donated fresh umbilical cord (UC) tissue fragments does not allow to consider biological features of the donor beyond serological safety testing. This limits the scope of MSC banking to rapid, prospective derivation of MSC, WJ lines without considering biological and genetic characteristics of the donor that may influence their suitability for clinical use (e.g. HLA type, inherited gene variants). In the present study, we describe a simple, efficient and reproducible approach for the cryopreservation of UC tissue fragments, compatible with established workflows in existing public frameworks for cord blood and tissue collection while guaranteeing pharmaceutical grade of starting materials for further processing under GMP standards. Herein we demonstrated the feasibility of time and cost-saving methods for cryopreservation of unprocessed UC tissue fragments directly at reception of the donated tissues using 10% Me2SO-based cryosolution and a commercial clinical-grade defined cryopreservation medium (Cryostor®), showing the preservation of all Critical Quality Attributes in terms of identity, potency and kinetic parameters. In summary, our study provides evidence that cryopreservation of large unprocessed UC tissue fragments (5-13.5 cm) supports subsequent progenitor cell isolation and derivation of MSC,WJ, preserving their viability, identity, proliferation rates and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Muñoz-Domínguez
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Carreras-Sánchez
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba López-Fernández
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain; Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Preclinical Development of a Therapy for Chronic Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Rats Using Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Proof of Concept and Regulatory Compliance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142153. [PMID: 35883596 PMCID: PMC9319990 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: the use of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) in emerging therapies for spinal cord injury (SCI) hold the potential to improve functional recovery. However, the development of cell-based medicines is challenging and preclinical studies addressing quality, safety and efficacy must be conducted prior to clinical testing; (2) Methods: herein we present (i) the characterization of the quality attributes of MSC from the Wharton’s jelly (WJ) of the umbilical cord, (ii) safety of intrathecal infusion in a 3-month subchronic toxicity assessment study, and (iii) efficacy in a rat SCI model by controlled impaction (100 kdynes) after single (day 7 post-injury) and repeated dose of 1 × 106 MSC,WJ (days 7 and 14 post-injury) with 70-day monitoring by electrophysiological testing, motor function assessment and histology evaluation; (3) Results: no toxicity associated to MSC,WJ infusion was observed. Regarding efficacy, recovery of locomotion was promoted at early time points. Persistence of MSC,WJ was detected early after administration (day 2 post-injection) but not at days 14 and 63 post-injection. (4) Conclusions: the safety profile and signs of efficacy substantiate the suitability of the presented data for inclusion in the Investigational Medicinal Product Dossier for further consideration by the competent Regulatory Authority to proceed with clinical trials.
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12
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A pilot study of circulating levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 as biomarkers of bone healing in patients with non-hypertrophic pseudoarthrosis of long bones. Bone Rep 2021; 16:101157. [PMID: 34950754 PMCID: PMC8671858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pseudoarthrosis or non-union is a complication with an incidence of 5-10% of bone fractures, most frequently located in the diaphysis of long bones. The management of this complication is addressed by means of complex surgical procedures and is a concern for orthopaedic and trauma surgeons nowadays. The use of biomarkers for diagnosing patients at risk of non-union would help us to establish special measures for early corrective treatment. Methods Prospective exploratory pilot study with a cohort of 20 patients diagnosed of non-hypertrophic pseudoarthrosis of long bones who were treated surgically with either autologous bone graft or a Tissue Engineering Product composed of bone marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Patients were followed for 12 months and plasma blood samples were obtained to determine circulating levels of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 and Beta 2 (TGF-β1 and TGF-β2, respectively) at inclusion, and at 1 week, 2 weeks, and months 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 after surgery. Radiological bone healing was evaluated by the Tomographic Union Score (TUS). Results Basal levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 were determined in the twenty patients (26,702 ± 14,537 pg/mL and 307.8 ± 83.1 pg/mL, respectively). Three of them withdrew from the study, so complete follow-up was conducted on 17 patients (9 successfully healed vs. 8 that did not heal). Statistically significant differences between the bone healing group and the non-union group were found at month 12 for both TGF-β1 (p = 0.005) and TGF-β2 (p = 0.02). Conclusions TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 are biomarkers that correlate with clinical evidence of bone regeneration and may be used to monitor patients, although early predictive value after intervention needs to be further studied in combination with other molecules.
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Govindasamy V, Rajendran A, Lee ZX, Ooi GC, Then KY, Then KL, Gayathri M, Kumar Das A, Cheong SK. The potential role of mesenchymal stem cells in modulating antiageing process. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1999-2016. [PMID: 34245637 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ageing and age-related diseases share some basic origin that largely converges on inflammation. Precisely, it boils down to a common pathway characterised by the appearance of a fair amount of proinflammatory cytokines known as inflammageing. Among the proposed treatment for antiageing, MSCs gained attention in recent years. Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate itself into a myriad of terminal cells, previously it was believed that these cells migrate to the site of injury and perform their therapeutic effect. However, with the more recent discovery of huge amounts of paracrine factors secreted by MSCs, it is now widely accepted that these cells do not engraft upon transplantation but rather unveil their benefits through excretion of bioactive molecules namely those involved in inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Conversely, the true function of these paracrine changes has not been thoroughly investigated all these years. Hence, this review will describe in detail on ways MSCs may capitalize its paracrine properties in modulating antiageing process. Through a comprehensive literature search various elements in the antiageing process, we aim to provide a novel treatment perspective of MSCs in antiageing related clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayendran Govindasamy
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abilashini Rajendran
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zhi-Xin Lee
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ghee-Chien Ooi
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kong-Yong Then
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.,Brighton Healthcare (Bio-X Healthcare Sdn Bhd), Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khong-Lek Then
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Merilynn Gayathri
- Brighton Healthcare (Bio-X Healthcare Sdn Bhd), Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anjan Kumar Das
- Deparment of Surgery, IQ City Medical College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Soon-Keng Cheong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Abstract
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, also known as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) are a plastic-adherent heterogeneous cell population that contain inherent skeletal progenitors and a subset of multipotential skeletal stem cells (SSCs). Application of BMSCs in therapeutic protocols implies its isolation and expansion under good manufacturing practices (GMP). Here we describe the procedures we have found to successfully generate practical BMSCs numbers, with preserved biological potency.
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15
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Sharma S, Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Anudeep TC, Jeyaraman N, Shringeri AS, Kumar V, Somasundaram R, Jain R, Jha SK. A Step Toward Optimizing Regenerative Medicine Principle to Combat COVID-19. ANNALS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (INDIA) 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractDrugs are currently not licensed in specific to pulverize COVID-19. On an emergency basis, vaccines were approved to prevent the further spread of COVID-19. This serves as a potential background for considering the optimization of biologics. In this context, evidence on convalescent plasma and stem cells has shown a beneficial role. Here, we have considered this as plausible therapy, and further hypothesize that their cocktails will synergistically boost the immunogenicity to relegate COVID-19. This warrants a large volume clinical trial on an emergent basis, because the sooner we establish a safe and effective cure, the better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Talagavadi Channaiah Anudeep
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Topiwala National Medical College and BYL Nair Ch. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Kasturba Medical College, MAHE University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | - Rashmi Jain
- School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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García-Muñoz E, Vives J. Towards the standardization of methods of tissue processing for the isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells for clinical use. Cytotechnology 2021; 73:513-522. [PMID: 33994662 PMCID: PMC8109215 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00474-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are currently the most extensively studied type of adult stem cells in advanced stages of development in the field of regenerative medicine. The biological properties of MSCs have generated great hope for their therapeutic use in degenerative and autoimmune conditions that, at present, lack effective treatment options. Over the last decades, MSCs have been typically obtained from adult bone marrow, but the extraction process is highly invasive and the quality and numbers of isolated cells is drastically influenced by patient age, medication and associated comorbidities. Therefore, there is currently an open discussion on the convenience of allogeneic over autologous treatments, despite potential disadvantages such as rejection by the host. This shift to the allogeneic setting entails the need for high production of MSCs to ensure availability of sufficient cell numbers for transplantation, and therefore making the search for alternative tissue sources of highly proliferative MSC cultures with low levels of senescence occurrence, which is one of the greatest current challenges in the scale up of therapeutic cell bioprocessing. Herein we (i) present the main isolation protocols of MSCs from bone marrow, adipose tissue and Wharton’s jelly of the umbilical cord; and (ii) compare their qualities from a bioprocess standpoint, addressing both quality and regulatory aspects, in view of their anticipated clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth García-Muñoz
- Banc de Sang iTeixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang iTeixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall D'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
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Lindsay SL, Barnett SC. Therapeutic Potential of Niche-Specific Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Spinal Cord Injury Repair. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040901. [PMID: 33919910 PMCID: PMC8070966 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) for transplant-mediated repair represents an important and promising therapeutic strategy after spinal cord injury (SCI). The appeal of MSCs has been fuelled by their ease of isolation, immunosuppressive properties, and low immunogenicity, alongside the large variety of available tissue sources. However, despite reported similarities in vitro, MSCs sourced from distinct tissues may not have comparable biological properties in vivo. There is accumulating evidence that stemness, plasticity, immunogenicity, and adaptability of stem cells is largely controlled by tissue niche. The extrinsic impact of cellular niche for MSC repair potential is therefore important, not least because of its impact on ex vivo expansion for therapeutic purposes. It is likely certain niche-targeted MSCs are more suited for SCI transplant-mediated repair due to their intrinsic capabilities, such as inherent neurogenic properties. In addition, the various MSC anatomical locations means that differences in harvest and culture procedures can make cross-comparison of pre-clinical data difficult. Since a clinical grade MSC product is inextricably linked with its manufacture, it is imperative that cells can be made relatively easily using appropriate materials. We discuss these issues and highlight the importance of identifying the appropriate niche-specific MSC type for SCI repair.
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18
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Randomized clinical trial: expanded autologous bone marrow mesenchymal cells combined with allogeneic bone tissue, compared with autologous iliac crest graft in lumbar fusion surgery. Spine J 2020; 20:1899-1910. [PMID: 32730985 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Although autogenous iliac crest bone graft (AICBG) is considered the gold-standard graft material for spinal fusion, new bone substitutes are being developed to avoid associated complications and disadvantages. By combining autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) expanded ex vivo and allogenic cancellous bone graft, we obtain a tissue-engineered product that is osteoconductive and potentially more osteogenic and osteoinductive than AICBG, owing to the higher concentration of MSCs. PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of implanting a tissue-engineered product consisting of expanded bone marrow MSCs loaded onto allograft bone (MSC+allograft) for spinal fusion in degenerative spine disease, as well as to assess its clinical and radiological efficacy. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING A prospective, multicenter, open-label, blinded-reader, randomized, parallel, single-dose phase I-II clinical trial. PATIENT SAMPLE A total of 73 adult patients from 5 hospitals, with Meyerding grade I-II L4-L5 degenerative spondylolisthesis and/or with L4-L5 degenerative disc disease who underwent spinal fusion through transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). OUTCOME MEASURES Spinal fusion was assessed by plain X-ray at 3, 6, and 12 months and by computed tomography (CT) at 6 and 12 months post-treatment. An independent radiologist performed blinded assessments of all images. Clinical outcomes were measured as change from baseline value: visual analog scale for lumbar and sciatic pain at 12 days, 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment, and Oswestry Disability Index and Short Form-36 at 3, 6, and 12 months posttreatment. METHODS Patients who underwent L4-L5 TLIF were randomized for posterior graft type only, and received either MSC+allograft (the tissue-engineered product, group A) or AICBG (standard graft material, group B). Standard graft material was used for anterior fusion in all patients. Feasibility was measured primarily as the percentage of randomized patients who underwent surgery in each treatment group. Safety was assessed by analyzing treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) for the full experimental phase and appraising their relationship to the experimental treatment. Outcome measures, both radiological and clinical, were compared between the groups. RESULTS Seventy-three patients were randomized in this study, 36 from the MSC+allograft group and 37 from the AICBG group, and 65 were surgically treated (31 group A, 34 group B). Demographic and comorbidity data showed no difference between groups. Most patients were diagnosed with grade I or II degenerative spondylolisthesis. MSC+allograft was successfully implanted in 86.1% of randomized group A patients. Most patients suffered treatment-emergent AEs during the study (88.2% in group A and 97.1% in group B), none related to the experimental treatment. X-ray-based rates of posterior spinal fusion were significantly higher for the experimental group at 6 months (p=.012) and 12 months (p=.0003). CT-based posterior fusion rates were significantly higher for MSC+allograft at 6 months (92.3% vs 45.7%; p=.0001) and higher, but not significantly, at 12 months (76.5% vs 65.7%; p=.073). CT-based complete response (defined as the presence of both posterior intertransverse fusion and anterior interbody fusion) was significantly higher at 6 months for MSC+allograft than for AICBG (70.6% vs 40%; p=.0038), and remained so at 12 months (70.6% vs 51.4%; p=.023). Clinical results including patient-reported outcomes improved postsurgery, although there were no differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS Compared with the current gold standard, our experimental treatment achieved a higher rate of posterior spinal fusion and radiographic complete response to treatment at 6 and 12 months after surgery. The treatment clearly improved patient quality of life and decreased pain and disability at rates similar to those for the control arm. The safety profile of the tissue-engineered product was also similar to that for the standard material, and no AEs were linked to the product. Procedural AEs did not increase as a result of BM aspiration. The use of expanded bone marrow MSCs combined with cancellous allograft is a feasible and effective technique for spinal fusion, with no product-related AEs found in our study.
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Lu J, Wei W. Considerations on chemistry, manufacturing, and control of stem cell products for Investigational New Drug application in China. Biologicals 2020; 68:3-8. [PMID: 33097376 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in recent years to produce functional cells for cell therapy products. Hundreds of clinical trials of stem cell products (SCPs) have shown promising therapeutic potential worldwide, including the products derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), adult stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Before starting a clinical trial, comprehensive chemistry, manufacturing and control (CMC) study is required to assure the safety and quality consistency of SCPs. The heterogeneity of stem cell products arises from the variability in the donor tissues, isolation of cells and differentiation processes, and appropriate testing approaches are needed to characterize and release SCPs. Here we summarize the regulatory considerations of CMC study in Investigational New Drug (IND) application of SCPs in China based on the current knowledge, and they will be updated in the future with the advance of stem cell biology and regulatory science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Lu
- Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE), National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100022, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE), National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, 100022, China
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20
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García-Fernández C, López-Fernández A, Borrós S, Lecina M, Vives J. Strategies for large-scale expansion of clinical-grade human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Zumla A, Wang FS, Ippolito G, Petrosillo N, Agrati C, Azhar EI, Chang C, El-Kafrawy SA, Osman M, Zitvogel L, Galle PR, Locatelli F, Gorman E, Cordon-Cardo C, O'Kane C, McAuley D, Maeurer M. Reducing mortality and morbidity in patients with severe COVID-19 disease by advancing ongoing trials of Mesenchymal Stromal (stem) Cell (MSC) therapy - Achieving global consensus and visibility for cellular host-directed therapies. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 96:431-439. [PMID: 32425638 PMCID: PMC7231497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As of May 17th 2020, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused 307,395 deaths worldwide, out of 3,917,366 cases reported to the World Health Organization. No specific treatments for reducing mortality or morbidity are yet available. Deaths from COVID-19 will continue to rise globally until effective and appropriate treatments and/or vaccines are found. In search of effective treatments, the global medical, scientific, pharma and funding communities have rapidly initiated over 500 COVID-19 clinical trials on a range of antiviral drug regimens and repurposed drugs in various combinations. A paradigm shift is underway from the current focus of drug development targeting the pathogen, to advancing cellular Host-Directed Therapies (HDTs) for tackling the aberrant host immune and inflammatory responses which underlie the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and high COVID-19 mortality rates. We focus this editorial specifically on the background to, and the rationale for, the use and evaluation of mesenchymal stromal (Stem) cells (MSCs) in treatment trials of patients with severe COVID-19 disease. Currently, the ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO ICTRP) report a combined 28 trials exploring the potential of MSCs or their products for treatment of COVID-19. MSCs should also be trialed for treatment of other circulating WHO priority Blueprint pathogens such as MERS-CoV which causes upto 34% mortality rates. It's about time funding agencies invested more into development MSCs per se, and also for a range of other HDTs, in combination with other therapeutic interventions. MSC therapy could turn out to be an important contribution to bringing an end to the high COVID-19 death rates and preventing long-term functional disability in those who survive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimuddin Zumla
- Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, and National Institutes of Health and Research Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicola Petrosillo
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Agrati
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Esam I Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Chao Chang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Sherif A El-Kafrawy
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamed Osman
- Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases, University of Khartoum, Sudan and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, United Kingdom.
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center (GRCC), U1015 INSERM, University Paris Saclay Villejuif Cedex, France.
| | - Peter R Galle
- Medical Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Dept of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Bambino Gesu, and Sapienza, University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Ellen Gorman
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; Regional Intensive Care Unit, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Dept of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
| | - Cecilia O'Kane
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; Regional Intensive Care Unit, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| | - Danny McAuley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom; Regional Intensive Care Unit, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Medical Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany; Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
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22
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Evaluation of a cell-based osteogenic formulation compliant with good manufacturing practice for use in tissue engineering. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5145-5154. [PMID: 32562174 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Proper bony tissue regeneration requires mechanical stabilization, an osteogenic biological activity and appropriate scaffolds. The latter two elements can be combined in a hydrogel format for effective delivery, so it can readily adapt to the architecture of the defect. We evaluated a Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant formulation composed of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in combination with bone particles (Ø = 0.25 to 1 µm) and fibrin, which can be readily translated into the clinical setting for the treatment of bone defects, as an alternative to bone tissue autografts. Remarkably, cells survived with unaltered phenotype (CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, CD31-, CD45-) and retained their osteogenic capacity up to 48 h after being combined with hydrogel and bone particles, thus demonstrating the stability of their identity and potency. Moreover, in a subchronic toxicity in vivo study, no toxicity was observed upon subcutaneous administration in athymic mice and signs of osteogenesis and vascularization were detected 2 months after administration. The preclinical data gathered in the present work, in compliance with current quality and regulatory requirements, demonstrated the feasibility of formulating an osteogenic cell-based tissue engineering product with a defined profile including identity, purity and potency (in vitro and in vivo), and the stability of these attributes, which complements the preclinical package required prior to move towards its use of prior to its clinical use.
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23
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Fernandes TL, Kimura HA, Pinheiro CCG, Shimomura K, Nakamura N, Ferreira JR, Gomoll AH, Hernandez AJ, Bueno DF. Human Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells Good Manufacturing Practices for Articular Cartilage Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 24:709-716. [PMID: 30412046 PMCID: PMC6306653 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cartilage restoration is a desperately needed bridge for patients with symptomatic cartilage lesions. Chondral lesion is a pathology with high prevalence, reaching as much as 63% of general population and 36% among athletes. Despite autologous chondrocyte implantation versatility, it still fails to fully reproduce hyaline articular cartilage characteristics. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be isolated from various known tissues, including discarded fragments at arthroscopy such as synovial membrane. Choice of harvesting site is motivated by MSCs' abilities to modulate immunologic and inflammatory response through paracrine communication. Synovial MSCs have a greater proliferation and strong chondrogenic potential than bone and adipose MSCs and a less hypertrophic differentiation than bone MSCs. Good manufacturing practice (GMP) laboratory techniques for human clinical trials are still novel. To our knowledge, there are only two clinical trials in humans published since today. Purpose: Therefore, this work aimed to isolate and characterize synovial MSCs and evaluated their differentiation properties according to GMP standards. Materials and Methods: One-gram tissue sample from three patients of synovia was harvested at the beginning of arthroscopy surgery. MSCs were isolated, expanded, and characterized by flow cytometry. Results: It was possible to isolate and expand MSCs cultures from synovia, characterize MSCs by flow cytometry using proper monoclonal antibodies, and differentiate MSCs by coloring technique after chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic differentiations. Cartilage treatment may benefit from these tissue engineering protocols since arthroscopic procedures are routinely performed for different purposes in a previous stage and a favorable chondronegic differentiation cell lineage may be collected and stored in a less invasive way. Conclusion: Laboratory protocols established according to presented GMP were able to isolate and characterize MSCs obtained from synovia. Impact Statement Articular cartilage restoration is a desperately needed bridge for patients with symptomatic cartilage lesions and it rises as a socioeconomic issue with a considerable economic burden. Synovial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a greater proliferation rate and strong chondrogenic potential than bone and adipose MSCs and a less hypertrophic differentiation than bone MSCs. To our knowledge, there are only two human clinical trials with good manufacturing practice laboratory techniques for synovial MSCs harvesting and differentiation. Cartilage treatment may benefit from these tissue engineering protocols since arthroscopic procedures are routinely performed for different purposes in a previous stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Lazzaretti Fernandes
- Sports Medicine Group, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heitor Akio Kimura
- Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Kazunori Shimomura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norimasa Nakamura
- Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - José Ricardo Ferreira
- Department of Materials Science, Post Grad Programme on Materials Science, Military Institute of Engineering (IME), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andreas H Gomoll
- Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS), New York, New York
| | - Arnaldo Jose Hernandez
- Sports Medicine Group, Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Kuҫi Z, Jordan C, Wehner S, Sörensen J, Jarisch A, Salzmann-Manrique E, Pfeffermann LM, Klingebiel T, Bader P, Kuҫi S. The Phenotype and Functional Activity of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Pediatric Patients with Non-Malignant Hematological Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020431. [PMID: 32059574 PMCID: PMC7072753 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the biology of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in patients with non-malignant hematological diseases (NMHD) is poorly understood, in the current study we performed a basic characterization of the phenotype and functional activity of NMHD-MSCs. Bone marrow (BM) of patients with thalassemia major (TM) possessed a significantly higher number of nucleated cells (BM-MNCs)/mL BM than healthy donors (P < 0.0001), which however did not result in a higher number of colony forming units-fibroblast (CFU-F) per milliliter BM. In contrast, from 1 × 106 BM-MNCs of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) were generated significantly more CFU-Fs than from TM-BM-MNCs (P < 0.013) and control group (P < 0.02). In addition, NMHD-MSCs expressed significantly lower levels of CD146 molecule, demonstrated an equal proliferation potential and differentiated along three lineages (osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes) as healthy donors’ MSCs, with exception of TM-MSCs which differentiated weakly in adipocytes. In contrast to other NMHD-MSCs and healthy donors’ MSCs, TM-MSCs demonstrated an impaired in vitro immunosuppressive potential, either. Noteworthy, the majority of the immunosuppressive effect of NMHD-MSCs was mediated through prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2), because indomethacin (an inhibitor of PGE2 synthesis) was able to significantly reverse this effect. Our results indicate therefore that NMHD-MSCs, except TM-MSCs, may be used as an autologous cell-based therapy for post-transplant complications such as graft failure, graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zyrafete Kuҫi
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Z.K.); (S.W.); (J.S.); (A.J.); (E.S.-M.); (T.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Christiane Jordan
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen GmbH, Goethe University Hospital, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (C.J.); (L.-M.P.)
| | - Sibylle Wehner
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Z.K.); (S.W.); (J.S.); (A.J.); (E.S.-M.); (T.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Jan Sörensen
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Z.K.); (S.W.); (J.S.); (A.J.); (E.S.-M.); (T.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Andrea Jarisch
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Z.K.); (S.W.); (J.S.); (A.J.); (E.S.-M.); (T.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Emilia Salzmann-Manrique
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Z.K.); (S.W.); (J.S.); (A.J.); (E.S.-M.); (T.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Lisa-Marie Pfeffermann
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen GmbH, Goethe University Hospital, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (C.J.); (L.-M.P.)
| | - Thomas Klingebiel
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Z.K.); (S.W.); (J.S.); (A.J.); (E.S.-M.); (T.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Peter Bader
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Z.K.); (S.W.); (J.S.); (A.J.); (E.S.-M.); (T.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Selim Kuҫi
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (Z.K.); (S.W.); (J.S.); (A.J.); (E.S.-M.); (T.K.); (P.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6963-0180-656; Fax: +49-6963-0183-539
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25
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Vives J, Rodríguez L, Coca MI, Reales L, Cabrera-Pérez R, Martorell L. Use of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Fibrin, and Scaffolds in the Production of Clinical Grade Bone Tissue Engineering Products. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2286:251-261. [PMID: 32705544 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2020_280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering products (TEP) are a new type of medicines resulting from the combination of cells, scaffolds, and/or signalling factors, which can be used for the regeneration of damaged tissues thus opening new avenues for the treatment of complex conditions. However, such combination of biologically active elements, particularly living cells, poses an unprecedented challenge for their production under pharmaceutical standards.In the methods presented here, we formulated two types of TEP based on the use of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells with osteogenic potential combined with osteoinductive and osteoconductive bony particles from tissue bank embedded in a fibrin hydrogel that, altogether, can induce the generation of new tissue while adapting to the diverse architecture of bony defects. In agreement with pharmaceutical quality and regulatory requirements, procedures presented herein can be performed in compliance with current good manufacturing practices and be readily implemented in straightforward facilities at hospitals and academic institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain. .,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Luciano Rodríguez
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Coca
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Reales
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Cabrera-Pérez
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain.,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Martorell
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain.,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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26
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Cabrera-Pérez R, Monguió-Tortajada M, Gámez-Valero A, Rojas-Márquez R, Borràs FE, Roura S, Vives J. Osteogenic commitment of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells: mechanisms and implications for bioprocess development and clinical application. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:356. [PMID: 31779673 PMCID: PMC6883559 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1450-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Orthopaedic diseases are one of the major targets for regenerative medicine. In this context, Wharton’s jelly (WJ) is an alternative source to bone marrow (BM) for allogeneic transplantation since its isolation does not require an invasive procedure for cell collection and does not raise major ethical concerns. However, the osteogenic capacity of human WJ-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) remains unclear. Methods Here, we compared the baseline osteogenic potential of MSC from WJ and BM cell sources by cytological staining, quantitative real-time PCR and proteomic analysis, and assessed chemical and biological strategies for priming undifferentiated WJ-MSC. Concretely, different inhibitors/activators of the TGFβ1-BMP2 signalling pathway as well as the secretome of differentiating BM-MSC were tested. Results Cytochemical staining as well as gene expression and proteomic analysis revealed that osteogenic commitment was poor in WJ-MSC. However, stimulation of the BMP2 pathway with BMP2 plus tanshinone IIA and the addition of extracellular vesicles or protein-enriched preparations from differentiating BM-MSC enhanced WJ-MSC osteogenesis. Furthermore, greater outcome was obtained with the use of conditioned media from differentiating BM-MSC. Conclusions Altogether, our results point to the use of master banks of WJ-MSC as a valuable alternative to BM-MSC for orthopaedic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Cabrera-Pérez
- Cell Therapy Service, Blood and Tissue Bank (BST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Marta Monguió-Tortajada
- REMAR-IVECAT Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ana Gámez-Valero
- REMAR-IVECAT Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Raquel Rojas-Márquez
- Cell Therapy Service, Blood and Tissue Bank (BST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Gene Regulation, Stem Cells and Cancer Program, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francesc Enric Borràs
- REMAR-IVECAT Group, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain.,Nephrology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Santiago Roura
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Cell Therapy Service, Blood and Tissue Bank (BST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Badalona, Catalonia, Spain.
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27
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Dias RB, Guimarães JAM, Cury MB, Rocha LR, da Costa ES, Nogueira LP, Hochman-Mendez C, Fortuna-Costa A, Silva AKF, Cunha KS, de Souza SAL, Duarte MEL, Sartore RC, Bonfim DC. The Manufacture of GMP-Grade Bone Marrow Stromal Cells with Validated In Vivo Bone-Forming Potential in an Orthopedic Clinical Center in Brazil. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2608482. [PMID: 31781235 PMCID: PMC6875385 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2608482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro-expanded bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have long been proposed for the treatment of complex bone-related injuries because of their inherent potential to differentiate into multiple skeletal cell types, modulate inflammatory responses, and support angiogenesis. Although a wide variety of methods have been used to expand BMSCs on a large scale by using good manufacturing practice (GMP), little attention has been paid to whether the expansion procedures indeed allow the maintenance of critical cell characteristics and potency, which are crucial for therapeutic effectiveness. Here, we described standard procedures adopted in our facility for the manufacture of clinical-grade BMSC products with a preserved capacity to generate bone in vivo in compliance with the Brazilian regulatory guidelines for cells intended for use in humans. Bone marrow samples were obtained from trabecular bone. After cell isolation in standard monolayer flasks, BMSC expansion was subsequently performed in two cycles, in 2- and 10-layer cell factories, respectively. The average cell yield per cell factory at passage 1 was of 21.93 ± 12.81 × 106 cells, while at passage 2, it was of 83.05 ± 114.72 × 106 cells. All final cellular products were free from contamination with aerobic/anaerobic pathogens, mycoplasma, and bacterial endotoxins. The expanded BMSCs expressed CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD146 and were able to differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages in vitro. Most importantly, nine out of 10 of the cell products formed bone when transplanted in vivo. These validated procedures will serve as the basis for in-house BMSC manufacturing for use in clinical applications in our center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhayra B. Dias
- Master Program in Musculoskeletal Sciences, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - João A. M. Guimarães
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
- Trauma Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Marco B. Cury
- Hip Surgery Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R. Rocha
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
- Trauma Center, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Elaine S. da Costa
- Institute of Paediatrics and Puericulture Martagão Gesteira, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-912, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Hochman-Mendez
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Texas Heart Institute, Regenerative Medicine Research, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Anneliese Fortuna-Costa
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Anna Karoline F. Silva
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro 24030-215, Brazil
| | - Karin S. Cunha
- Graduate Program in Pathology, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro 24030-215, Brazil
| | - Sergio A. L. de Souza
- Department of Radiology, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Maria Eugênia L. Duarte
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Rafaela C. Sartore
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
| | - Danielle C. Bonfim
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Rio de Janeiro 20940-070, Brazil
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28
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Pinheiro CCG, Leyendecker Junior A, Tanikawa DYS, Ferreira JRM, Jarrahy R, Bueno DF. Is There a Noninvasive Source of MSCs Isolated with GMP Methods with Better Osteogenic Potential? Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7951696. [PMID: 31781247 PMCID: PMC6875366 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7951696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new trend in the treatment for alveolar clefts in patients with cleft lip and palate involves the use of bone tissue engineering strategies to reduce or eliminate the morbidity associated with autologous bone grafting. The use of mesenchymal stem cells-autologous cells obtained from tissues such as bone marrow and fat-combined with various biomaterials has been proposed as a viable option for use in cleft patients. However, invasive procedures are necessary to obtain the mesenchymal stem cells from these two sources. To eliminate donor site morbidity, noninvasive stem cell sources such as the umbilical cord, orbicularis oris muscle, and deciduous dental pulp have been studied for use in alveolar cleft bone tissue engineering. In this study, we evaluate the osteogenic potential of these various stem cell types. METHODS Ten cellular strains obtained from each different source (umbilical cord, orbicularis oris muscle, or deciduous dental pulp) were induced to osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and the bone matrix deposition of each primary culture was quantified. To evaluate whether greater osteogenic potential of the established mesenchymal stem cell strains was associated with an increase in the expression profile of neural crest genes, real-time qPCR was performed on the following genes: SRY-box 9, SRY-box 10, nerve growth factor receptor, transcription factor AP-2 alpha, and paired box 3. RESULTS The mesenchymal stem cells obtained from deciduous dental pulp and orbicularis oris muscle demonstrated increased osteogenic potential with significantly more extracellular bone matrix deposition when compared to primary cultures obtained from the umbilical cord after twenty-one days in culture (p = 0.007 and p = 0.005, respectively). The paired box 3 gene was more highly expressed in the MSCs obtained from deciduous dental pulp and orbicularis oris muscle than in those obtained from the umbilical cord. CONCLUSION These results suggest that deciduous dental pulp and orbicularis oris muscle stem cells demonstrate superior osteogenic differentiation potential relative to umbilical cord-derived stem cells and that this increased potential is related to their neural crest origins. Based on these observations, and the distinct translational advantage of incorporating stem cells from noninvasive tissue sources into tissue engineering protocols, greater study of these specific cell lines in the setting of alveolar cleft repair is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla C. G. Pinheiro
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês-Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, SP 01308-050, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Ricardo Muniz Ferreira
- Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME), Departamento de Ciências de Materiais, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências de Materiais, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290-270, Brazil
| | - Reza Jarrahy
- David Geffen School of Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniela F. Bueno
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês-Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, SP 01308-050, Brazil
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29
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Grau-Vorster M, Laitinen A, Nystedt J, Vives J. HLA-DR expression in clinical-grade bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells: a two-site study. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:164. [PMID: 31196185 PMCID: PMC6567533 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrary to the minimal criteria proposed by the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression is largely unpredictable in ex vivo-expanded clinical-grade cultures. Although activation of MSC in culture does not appear to affect their functionality, a large study investigating the impact of HLA-DR expression on cell identity and potency is still missing in the literature. METHODS A retrospective analysis of HLA-DR expression in 130 clinical batches of bone marrow (BM)-MSC from two independent Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant production facilities was performed in order to identify the consequences on critical quality attributes as well as potential activation cues and dynamics of MSC activation in culture. RESULTS HLA-DR+ cells in culture were confirmed to maintain fibroblastic morphology, mesenchymal phenotype identity, multipotency in vitro, and immunomodulatory capacity. Interestingly, the use of either human sera or platelet lysate supplements resulted in similar results. CONCLUSIONS HLA-DR expression should be considered informative rather than as a criterion to define MSC. Further work is still required to understand the impact of HLA-DR expression in the context of product specifications on BM-MSC qualities for clinical use in specific indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grau-Vorster
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain.,Transfusion Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anita Laitinen
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Advanced Cell Therapy Centre, Kivihaantie 7, FIN-00310, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Nystedt
- Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Advanced Cell Therapy Centre, Kivihaantie 7, FIN-00310, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain. .,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
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30
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Compliance with Good Manufacturing Practice in the Assessment of Immunomodulation Potential of Clinical Grade Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Wharton's Jelly. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050484. [PMID: 31117301 PMCID: PMC6562958 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The selection of assays suitable for testing the potency of clinical grade multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based products and its interpretation is a challenge for both developers and regulators. Here, we present a bioprocess design for the production of Wharton’s jelly (WJ)-derived MSCs and a validated immunopotency assay approved by the competent regulatory authority for batch release together with the study of failure modes in the bioprocess with potential impact on critical quality attributes (CQA) of the final product. Methods: The lymphocyte proliferation assay was used for determining the immunopotency of WJ-MSCs and validated under good manufacturing practices (GMP). Moreover, failure mode effects analysis (FMEA) was used to identify and quantify the potential impact of different unexpected situations on the CQA. Results: A production process based on a two-tiered cell banking strategy resulted in batches with sufficient numbers of cells for clinical use in compliance with approved specifications including MSC identity (expressing CD73, CD90, CD105, but not CD31, CD45, or HLA-DR). Remarkably, all batches showed high capacity to inhibit the proliferation of activated lymphocytes. Moreover, implementation of risk management tools led to an in-depth understanding of the manufacturing process as well as the identification of weak points to be reinforced. Conclusions: The bioprocess design showed here together with detailed risk management and the use of a robust method for immunomodulation potency testing allowed for the robust production of clinical-grade WJ-MSCs under pharmaceutical standards.
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Challenges and Controversies in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9628536. [PMID: 31093291 PMCID: PMC6481040 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9628536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is being intensely investigated within the last years. Expectations are high regarding mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment in translational medicine. However, many aspects concerning MSC therapy should be profoundly defined. Due to a variety of approaches that are investigated, potential effects of stem cell therapy are not transparent. On the other hand, most results of MSC administration in vivo have confirmed their safety and showed promising beneficial outcomes. However, the therapeutic effects of MSC-based treatment are still not spectacular and there is a potential risk related to MSC applications into specific cell niche that should be considered in long-term observations and follow-up outcomes. In this review, we intend to address some problems and critically discuss the complex nature of MSCs in the context of their effective and safe applications in regenerative medicine in different diseases including graft versus host disease (GvHD) and cardiac, neurological, and orthopedic disorders.
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Bieback K, Kuçi S, Schäfer R. Production and quality testing of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell therapeutics for clinical use. Transfusion 2019; 59:2164-2173. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bieback
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Medical Faculty MannheimGerman Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden‐Württemberg‐Hessen gGmbH, Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
- FlowCore Mannheim, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Germany
| | - Selim Kuçi
- Department for Children and Adolescents, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and ImmunologyUniversity Hospital Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Richard Schäfer
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology, German Red Cross Blood Donor Service Baden‐Württemberg‐Hessen gGmbHGoethe University Hospital Frankfurt am Main Germany
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Grau-Vorster M, Rodríguez L, Torrents-Zapata S, Vivas D, Codinach M, Blanco M, Oliver-Vila I, García-López J, Vives J. Levels of IL-17F and IL-33 correlate with HLA-DR activation in clinical-grade human bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell expansion cultures. Cytotherapy 2018; 21:32-40. [PMID: 30447901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based medicines are extensively investigated for use in regenerative medicine and immunotherapy applications. The International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT) proposed a panel of cell surface molecules for MSC identification that includes human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR as a negative marker. However, its expression is largely unpredictable despite production under tightly controlled conditions and compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices. Herein, we report the frequency of HLA-DR expression in 81 batches of clinical grade bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs and investigated its impact on cell attributes and culture environment. METHODS The levels of 15 cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-25, IL-31, IL-33, interferon-γ, soluble CD40 ligand and tumor necrosis factor-α) were determined in sera supplements and supernatants of BM-MSC cultures. Identity, multipotentiality and immunopotency assays were performed on high (>20% of cells) and low (≤20% of cells) HLA-DR+ cultures. RESULTS A correlation was found between HLA-DR expression and levels of IL-17F and IL-33. Expression of HLA-DR did neither affect MSC identity, in vitro tri-lineage differentiation potential (into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages), nor their ability to inhibit the proliferation of stimulated lymphocytes. DISCUSSION Out of 81 batches of BM-MSCs for autologous use analyzed, only three batches would have passed the ISCT criteria (<2%), whereas 60.5% of batches were compliant with low HLA-DR values (≤20%). Although a cause-effect relationship cannot be drawn, we have provided a better understanding of signaling events and cellular responses in expansion culture conditions relating with HLA-DR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grau-Vorster
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain; Transfusion Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luciano Rodríguez
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Vivas
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain; Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Codinach
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain; Reconstructive Surgery of the Locomotor System Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Blanco
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Oliver-Vila
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan García-López
- Transfusion Medicine and Cellular and Tissue Therapies, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus UAB Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain; Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Mirabel C, Puente-Massaguer E, Del Mazo-Barbara A, Reyes B, Morton P, Gòdia F, Vives J. Stability enhancement of clinical grade multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell-based products. J Transl Med 2018; 16:291. [PMID: 30355298 PMCID: PMC6201632 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1659-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Successful delivery of cell-based therapeutics into patients is compromised by their short shelf-life upon release from production facilities due to the living nature of the active component that rapidly loses viability, and therefore its properties. In this context, the use of appropriate additives may contribute to the stabilisation of the cellular component within specifications for a longer time until administration. Results In the present study, we evaluated the effect of different formulations on the stability of viability, identity, and potency of clinical grade multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in suspension, both electrolyte solution and protein content were found to impact on their shelf-life. Particularly cryopreservation of cells in a Plasmalyte 148 supplemented with 2% (w/v) AlbIX (a yeast-derived recombinant albumin) and 10% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide, and final formulation post-thawing in Plasmalyte 148 supplemented with 2% (w/v) AlbIX enabling prolonged stability from 24 h up to 72 h in optimal conditions. Further investigation on the mechanisms of action involved revealed a delay of apoptosis progression into late stage when AlbIX was present. Conclusions The use of optimal formulations for each cell type of interest is crucial to extend the shelf life of cell-based pharmaceuticals and contribute to solve logistical challenges. We demonstrated that the use of Plasmalyte 148 supplemented with 2% (w/v) AlbIX resulted in superior stability of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells without affecting their identity and multipotency. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1659-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Mirabel
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain.,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Puente-Massaguer
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Anna Del Mazo-Barbara
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca Reyes
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philip Morton
- Albumedix Ltd, 59 Castle Boulevard, Nottingham, NG7 1FD, UK
| | - Francesc Gòdia
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain. .,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
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Challenges in Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Development: A Survey among Companies in Europe. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 11:121-130. [PMID: 30456217 PMCID: PMC6234262 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) hold promise as treatments for previously untreatable and high-burden diseases. Expectations are high and active company pipelines are observed, yet only 10 market authorizations were approved in Europe. Our aim was to identify challenges experienced in European ATMP clinical development by companies. A survey-based cohort study was conducted among commercial ATMP developers. Respondents shared challenges experienced during various development phases, as well as developer and product characteristics. Descriptions of challenges were grouped in domains (clinical, financial, human resource management, regulatory, scientific, technical, other) and further categorized using thematic content analysis. A descriptive analysis was performed. We invited 271 commercial ATMP developers, of which 68 responded providing 243 challenges. Of products in development, 72% were in early clinical development and 40% were gene therapies. Most developers were small- or medium-sized enterprises (65%). The most often mentioned challenges were related to country-specific requirements (16%), manufacturing (15%), and clinical trial design (8%). The European ATMP field is still in its early stages, and developers experience challenges on many levels. Challenges are multifactorial and a mix of ATMP-specific and generic development aspects, such as new and orphan indications, novel technologies, and inexperience, adding complexity to development efforts.
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Stephenson MK, Farris AL, Grayson WL. Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering Strategies for the Treatment of Joint Damage. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2018; 19:44. [PMID: 28718059 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-017-0671-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW While the clinical potential of tissue engineering for treating joint damage has yet to be realized, research and commercialization efforts in the field are geared towards overcoming major obstacles to clinical translation, as well as towards achieving engineered grafts that recapitulate the unique structures, function, and physiology of the joint. In this review, we describe recent advances in technologies aimed at obtaining biomaterials, stem cells, and bioreactors that will enable the development of effective tissue-engineered treatments for repairing joint damage. RECENT FINDINGS 3D printing of scaffolds is aimed at improving the mechanical structure and microenvironment necessary for bone regeneration within a damaged joint. Advances in our understanding of stem cell biology and cell manufacturing processes are informing translational strategies for the therapeutic use of allogeneic and autologous cells. Finally, bioreactors used in combination with cells and biomaterials are promising strategies for generating large tissue grafts for repairing damaged tissues in pre-clinical models. Together, these advances along with ongoing research directions are making tissue engineering increasingly viable for the treatment of joint damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makeda K Stephenson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley L Farris
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Warren L Grayson
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5023, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Oliver-Vila I, Ramírez-Moncayo C, Grau-Vorster M, Marín-Gallén S, Caminal M, Vives J. Optimisation of a potency assay for the assessment of immunomodulative potential of clinical grade multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotechnology 2018; 70:31-44. [PMID: 29322348 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical use of multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSC)-based medicinal products requires their production in compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices, thus ensuring that the final drug product meets specifications consistently from batch to batch in terms of cell viability, identity, purity and potency. Potency relates to the efficacy of the medicine in its target clinical indication, so adequate release tests need to be defined and validated as quality controls. Herein we report the design and optimisation of parameters affecting the performance of an in vitro cell-based assay for assessing immunomodulatory potential of clinical grade MSC for human use, based on their capacity to inhibit proliferation of T lymphocytes under strong polyclonal stimuli. The resulting method was demonstrated to be reproducible and relatively simple to execute. Two case studies using clinical grade MSC are presented as examples to illustrate the applicability of the methodology described in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Oliver-Vila
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carmen Ramírez-Moncayo
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Grau-Vorster
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Marín-Gallén
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Caminal
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cel·lular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain. .,Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
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38
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Esteves CL, Donadeu FX. Pericytes and their potential in regenerative medicine across species. Cytometry A 2017; 93:50-59. [PMID: 28941046 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that pericytes are in vivo counterparts of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs) has placed these perivascular cells in the research spotlight, bringing up hope for a well-characterized cell source for clinical applications, alternative to poorly defined, heterogeneous MSCs preparations currently in use. Native pericytes express typical MSC markers and, after isolation by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, display an MSC phenotype in culture. These features have been demonstrated in different species, including humans and horses, the main targets of regenerative treatments. Significant clinical potential of pericytes has been shown by transplantation of human cells into rodent models of tissue injury, and it is hoped that future studies will demonstrate clinical potential in veterinary species. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on pericytes across different species including humans, companion and large animal models, in relation to their identification in different body tissues, methodology for prospective isolation, characterization, and potential for tissue regeneration. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Esteves
- Division of Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - F X Donadeu
- Division of Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
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39
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Reyes B, Coca MI, Codinach M, López-Lucas MD, Del Mazo-Barbara A, Caminal M, Oliver-Vila I, Cabañas V, Lope-Piedrafita S, García-López J, Moraleda JM, Fontecha CG, Vives J. Assessment of biodistribution using mesenchymal stromal cells: Algorithm for study design and challenges in detection methodologies. Cytotherapy 2017; 19:1060-1069. [PMID: 28734679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Biodistribution of candidate cell-based therapeutics is a critical safety concern that must be addressed in the preclinical development program. We aimed to design a decision tree based on a series of studies included in actual dossiers approved by competent regulatory authorities, noting that the design, execution and interpretation of pharmacokinetics studies using this type of therapy is not straightforward and presents a challenge for both developers and regulators. METHODS Eight studies were evaluated for the definition of a decision tree, in which mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were administered to mouse, rat and sheep models using diverse routes (local or systemic), cell labeling (chemical or genetic) and detection methodologies (polymerase chain reaction [PCR], immunohistochemistry [IHC], fluorescence bioimaging, and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). Moreover, labeling and detection methodologies were compared in terms of cost, throughput, speed, sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS A decision tree was defined based on the model chosen: (i) small immunodeficient animals receiving heterologous MSC products for assessing biodistribution and other safety aspects and (ii) large animals receiving homologous labeled products; this contributed to gathering data not only on biodistribution but also on pharmacodynamics. PCR emerged as the most convenient technique despite the loss of spatial information on cell distribution that can be further assessed by IHC. DISCUSSION This work contributes to the standardization in the design of biodistribution studies by improving methods for accurate assessment of safety. The evaluation of different animal models and screening of target organs through a combination of techniques is a cost-effective and timely strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Reyes
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Coca
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - María Dolores López-Lucas
- Unidad de Terapia Celular y Trasplante Hematopoyético, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Marta Caminal
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Oliver-Vila
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valentín Cabañas
- Unidad de Terapia Celular y Trasplante Hematopoyético, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia Lope-Piedrafita
- Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Joan García-López
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain; Chair of Transfusion Medicine and Cellular and Tissue Therapies, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - José M Moraleda
- Unidad de Terapia Celular y Trasplante Hematopoyético, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Cesar G Fontecha
- Reconstructive Surgery of the Locomotor System, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Servei de Teràpia Cellular, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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40
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Prat S, Gallardo-Villares S, Vives M, Carreño A, Caminal M, Oliver-Vila I, Chaverri D, Blanco M, Codinach M, Huguet P, Ramírez J, Pinto JA, Aguirre M, Coll R, Garcia-López J, Granell-Escobar F, Vives J. Clinical translation of a mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapy developed in a large animal model and two case studies of the treatment of atrophic pseudoarthrosis. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e532-e540. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvi Prat
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Clínic; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Santiago Gallardo-Villares
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología; Hospital ASEPEYO, Avinguda Alcalde Barnils; Barcelona Spain
| | - Marian Vives
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Clínic; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Ana Carreño
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Clínic; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Marta Caminal
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr Frederic Duran i Jordà; Barcelona Spain
| | - Irene Oliver-Vila
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr Frederic Duran i Jordà; Barcelona Spain
| | - Daniel Chaverri
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología; Hospital ASEPEYO, Avinguda Alcalde Barnils; Barcelona Spain
| | - Margarita Blanco
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr Frederic Duran i Jordà; Barcelona Spain
| | - Margarita Codinach
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr Frederic Duran i Jordà; Barcelona Spain
| | - Pere Huguet
- Servei d'Anatomia Patològica; Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron; Barcelona Spain
| | - José Ramírez
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clinic; University of Barcelona, Villarroel; Barcelona Spain
| | - Javier A. Pinto
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología; Hospital ASEPEYO, Avinguda Alcalde Barnils; Barcelona Spain
| | - Màrius Aguirre
- Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology; Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron; Barcelona Spain
| | - Ruth Coll
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr Frederic Duran i Jordà; Barcelona Spain
| | - Joan Garcia-López
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr Frederic Duran i Jordà; Barcelona Spain
- Chair of Transfusion Medicine and Cellular and Tissue Therapies; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès; Bellaterra Spain
| | - Fernando Granell-Escobar
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología; Hospital ASEPEYO, Avinguda Alcalde Barnils; Barcelona Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr Frederic Duran i Jordà; Barcelona Spain
- Departament de Medicina; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
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Bu ZY, Wu LM, Yu XH, Zhong JB, Yang P, Chen J. Isolation and characterization of in vitro culture of hair follicle cells differentiated from umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:303-307. [PMID: 28672930 PMCID: PMC5488417 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present investigation explored the in vitro culture, isolation and characterization of hair follicle cell differentiation from umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Flow cytometry was used to obtain MSCs from the isolation and purification of human umbilical cord blood MSCs. Culture suspension of hair follicle organ was centrifuged and the supernatant used in the culture medium of MSCs, and the entire process of induced differentiation was recorded by photomicroscopy. The expression level of surface marker CK15 of hair follicle cells obtained from induced differentiation was detected with immunofluorescence. RT-PCR method was used to further detect the difference in expression of CK15 between hair follicle cells and umbilical cord blood MSCs, and statistical analysis was carried out. CD44+CD29+ double-labeled cells accounted for 50.8% of all the samples of umbilical cord blood MSCs in this study. The diameter of hair follicle cells differentiated from umbilical cord blood stem cells reached 800×10-3 mm after 3 weeks of cell culture. Based on the detection and colocalization of CK15 expression in induced hair follicle cells, the overlap ratio between CK15 and nuclei reached 83% in hair follicle cells, which was obviously higher than that in umbilical cord blood stem cells. The difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). In conclusion, hair follicle cells can be successfully differentiated from umbilical cord blood stem cells by using the supernatant from hair follicle cells. This method can be used for high-speed induced differentiation with high purity, which is promising for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Yu Bu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Li-Min Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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