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Bencze N, Scheich B, Szőke É, Wilhelm I, Körmöndi S, Botz B, Helyes Z. Osteosarcoma-Induced Pain Is Mediated by Glial Cell Activation in the Spinal Dorsal Horn, but Not Capsaicin-Sensitive Nociceptive Neurons: A Complex Functional and Morphological Characterization in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1788. [PMID: 38791867 PMCID: PMC11120600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer and its related chronic pain are huge clinical problems since the available drugs are often ineffective or cannot be used long term due to a broad range of side effects. The mechanisms, mediators and targets need to be identified to determine potential novel therapies. Here, we characterize a mouse bone cancer model induced by intratibial injection of K7M2 osteosarcoma cells using an integrative approach and investigate the role of capsaicin-sensitive peptidergic sensory nerves. The mechanical pain threshold was assessed by dynamic plantar aesthesiometry, limb loading by dynamic weight bearing, spontaneous pain-related behaviors via observation, knee diameter with a digital caliper, and structural changes by micro-CT and glia cell activation by immunohistochemistry in BALB/c mice of both sexes. Capsaicin-sensitive peptidergic sensory neurons were defunctionalized by systemic pretreatment with a high dose of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonist resiniferatoxin (RTX). During the 14- and 28-day experiments, weight bearing on the affected limb and the paw mechanonociceptive thresholds significantly decreased, demonstrating secondary mechanical hyperalgesia. Signs of spontaneous pain and osteoplastic bone remodeling were detected both in male and female mice without any sex differences. Microglia activation was shown by the increased ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) immunopositivity on day 14 and astrocyte activation by the enhanced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cell density on day 28 in the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn. Interestingly, defunctionalization of the capsaicin-sensitive afferents representing approximately 2/3 of the nociceptive fibers did not alter any functional parameters. Here, we provide the first complex functional and morphological characterization of the K7M2 mouse osteosarcoma model. Bone-cancer-related chronic pain and hyperalgesia are likely to be mediated by central sensitization involving neuroinflammation via glial cell activation in the spinal dorsal horn, but not the capsaicin-sensitive sensory neuronal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Bencze
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (N.B.); (É.S.); (B.B.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Scheich
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (N.B.); (É.S.); (B.B.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group (HUN-REN-PTE), 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Imola Wilhelm
- Institute of Biophysics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, 6726 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Sándor Körmöndi
- Department of Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Bálint Botz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (N.B.); (É.S.); (B.B.)
- Department of Medical Imaging, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary; (N.B.); (É.S.); (B.B.)
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Hungarian Research Network, Chronic Pain Research Group (HUN-REN-PTE), 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- PharmInVivo Ltd., Szondy György Str. 10, 7629 Pécs, Hungary
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Favero G, Gianò M, Franco C, Pinto D, van Noorden CJF, Rinaldi F, Rezzani R. Relation Between Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid1 Expression in Human Skin During Aging. J Histochem Cytochem 2024; 72:157-171. [PMID: 38440794 PMCID: PMC10956443 DOI: 10.1369/00221554241236537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin sensitivity and impaired epidermal barrier function are associated with aging and are at least partly due to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Transient receptor potential vanilloid1 (TRPV1) is expressed in keratinocytes, fibroblasts, mast cells, and endothelial cells in skin. We investigated in skin biopsies of adult and elderly donors whether TRPV1 expression is involved in the skin aging process. We found that aging skin showed a strongly reduced epidermal thickness, strongly increased oxidative stress, protease expression, and mast cell degranulation and strongly increased TRPV1 expression both in epidermis and dermis. Based on our findings, the aging-related changes observed in the epidermis of the skin level are associated with increased ROS production, and hypothesized alterations in TRPV1 expression are mechanistically linked to this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Favero
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Interdepartmental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs - ARTO", University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marzia Gianò
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Caterina Franco
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Pinto
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cornelis J F van Noorden
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubliana, Slovenia
| | - Fabio Rinaldi
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Division of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Interdepartmental University Center of Research "Adaption and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs - ARTO", University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Italian Society for the Study of Orofacial Pain (Società Italiana Studio Dolore Orofacciale - SISDO), Brescia, Italy
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Lourenço DM, Soares R, Sá-Santos S, Mateus JM, Rodrigues RS, Moreira JB, Vaz SH, Sebastião AM, Solá S, Xapelli S. Unravelling a novel role for cannabidivarin in the modulation of subventricular zone postnatal neurogenesis. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 959:176079. [PMID: 37802277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Postnatal neurogenesis has been shown to rely on the endocannabinoid system. Here we aimed at unravelling the role of Cannabidivarin (CBDV), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, with high affinity for the non-classical cannabinoid receptor TRPV1, on subventricular zone (SVZ) postnatal neurogenesis. Using the neurosphere assay, SVZ-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) were incubated with CBDV and/or 5'-Iodoresinferotoxin (TRPV1 antagonist), and their role on cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation were dissected. CBDV was able to promote, through a TRPV1-dependent mechanism, cell survival, cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, pulse-chase experiments revealed that CBDV-induced neuronal differentiation was a result of cell cycle exit of NSPCs. Regarding oligodendrocyte differentiation, CBDV inhibited oligodendrocyte differentiation and maturation. Since our data suggested that the CBDV-induced modulation of NSPCs acted via TRPV1, a sodium-calcium channel, and that intracellular calcium levels are known regulators of NSPCs fate and neuronal maturation, single cell calcium imaging was performed to evaluate the functional response of SVZ-derived cells. We observed that CBDV-responsive cells displayed a two-phase calcium influx profile, being the initial phase dependent on TRPV1 activation. Taken together, this work unveiled a novel and untapped neurogenic potential of CBDV via TRPV1 modulation. These findings pave the way to future neural stem cell biological studies and repair strategies by repurposing this non-psychoactive cannabinoid as a valuable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo M Lourenço
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Soares
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sónia Sá-Santos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana M Mateus
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui S Rodrigues
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João B Moreira
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra H Vaz
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana Solá
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Xapelli
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Liang Q, Wang JW, Bai YR, Li RL, Wu CJ, Peng W. Targeting TRPV1 and TRPA1: A feasible strategy for natural herbal medicines to combat postoperative ileus. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106923. [PMID: 37709183 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Under physiological or pathological conditions, transient receptor potential (TRP) channel vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) possess the ability to detect a vast array of stimuli and execute diverse functions. Interestingly, increasing works have reported that activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 could also be beneficial for ameliorating postoperative ileus (POI). Increasing research has revealed that the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is rich in TRPV1/TRPA1, which can be stimulated by capsaicin, allicin and other compounds. This activation stimulates a variety of neurotransmitters, leading to increased intestinal motility and providing protective effects against GI injury. POI is the most common emergent complication following abdominal and pelvic surgery, and is characterized by postoperative bowel dysfunction, pain, and inflammatory responses. It is noteworthy that natural herbs are gradually gaining recognition as a potential therapeutic option for POI due to the lack of effective pharmacological interventions. Therefore, the focus of this paper is on the TRPV1/TRPA1 channel, and an analysis and summary of the processes and mechanism by which natural herbs activate TRPV1/TRPA1 to enhance GI motility and relieve pain are provided, which will lay the foundation for the development of natural herb treatments for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Jing-Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Yu-Ru Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Ruo-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China
| | - Chun-Jie Wu
- Institute of Innovation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, PR China.
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5
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Xu RQ, Ma L, Chen T, Zhang WX, Chang K, Wang J. Sophorolipid inhibits histamine-induced itch by decreasing PLC/IP3R signaling pathway activation and modulating TRPV1 activity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7957. [PMID: 37198299 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants are attracting much interest due to their potential application as therapeutic agents in the medical and cosmetic field. Previous studies have demonstrated that biosurfactant such as sophorolipid (SL) exhibits immunomodulatory effects. In this article, we found the potential of sophorolipid for inhibiting histamine-induced itch and preliminarily explored its molecular basis. First, behavioral tests indicated that SL can remit the histamine-induced scratching behaviors of mice. Second, SL can suppress the the calcium influx induced by histamine, HTMT and VUF8430 in HaCaT cells. RT-PCR analysis showed that the histamine-induced upregulation of mRNA levels of phospholipase Cγ1, 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), and protein kinase Cα can be inhibted by SL, suggesting that SL may impede the PLC/IP3R signaling pathway activated by histamine. In further tests, the capsaicin-induced calcium influx can also be inhibited by SL. The immunofluorescence and molecular docking analysis indicated that SL acts as an inhibitor of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) activation to decrease calcium influx against stimuli. In summary, these results revealed that SL may inhibit histamine-induced itch by decreasing PLC/IP3R signaling pathway activation and modulating TRPV1 activity. This paper indicates that SL can be a useful treatment for histamine-dependent itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Adolph Innovation Laboratory, Guangzhou Degu Personal Care Products Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Timson Chen
- Adolph Innovation Laboratory, Guangzhou Degu Personal Care Products Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Wei-Xiong Zhang
- Adolph Innovation Laboratory, Guangzhou Degu Personal Care Products Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Kuan Chang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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6
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Marika M, Marketa D, Lada S, Marian R, Filip K, Adam V, Věra V, Kristina K, Dagmar J, Tuula H. New approach methods for assessing indoor air toxicity. Curr Res Toxicol 2022; 3:100090. [PMID: 36281315 PMCID: PMC9587284 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2022.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoor air is typically a mixture of many chemicals at low concentrations without any adverse health effects alone, but in mixtures they may cause toxicity and risks to human health. The aim of this study was by using new approach methods to assess the potential toxicity of indoor air condensates. In specific, different in vitro test methods including cyto-and immunotoxicity, skin sensitization and endocrine disruption were applied. In addition to biological effects, the indoor air samples were subjected to targeted analysis of 25 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and Genapol X-80 (a nonionic emulsifier) suspected to be present in the samples, and to a non-targeted "total chemical scan" to find out whether the chemical composition of the samples is associated with the biological effects. The results confirm that assessing health risks of indoor air by analysing individual chemicals is not an adequate approach: We were not able to detect the VOCs and Genapol X-80 in the indoor air samples, yet, several types of toxicity, namely, cytotoxicity, immunotoxicity, skin sensitization and endocrine disruption were detected. In the non-targeted total chemical scan of the indoor air samples, a larger number of compounds were found in the cytotoxic samples than in the non-cytotoxic samples supporting the biological findings. If only one biological method would be selected for the screening of indoor air quality, THP-1 macrophage/WST-1 assay would best fit for the purpose as it is sensitive and serves as a good representative for different sub-toxic end points, including immunotoxicity, (skin) sensitization and endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mannerström Marika
- The Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Arvo Ylpön katu 1, 33014 Tampere University, Finland,Corresponding author at: Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33014 Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Dvorakova Marketa
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 49/48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Svobodova Lada
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 49/48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic,Medical Faculty of Palacky University, Hnevotinska 976/3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rucki Marian
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 49/48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Kotal Filip
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 49/48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Vavrouš Adam
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 49/48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Vrbíková Věra
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 49/48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Kejlova Kristina
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 49/48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jirova Dagmar
- National Institute of Public Health, Srobarova 49/48, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Heinonen Tuula
- The Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Arvo Ylpön katu 1, 33014 Tampere University, Finland
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Drug Delivery through the Psoriatic Epidermal Barrier-A "Skin-On-A-Chip" Permeability Study and Ex Vivo Optical Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084237. [PMID: 35457056 PMCID: PMC9028343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with unmet medical needs. To clarify potential therapeutic targets, different animal models have been developed. In the current study, imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis was used for monitoring the changes in skin thickness, transepidermal water loss, body weight, blood perfusion and drug permeability for a topical cream formulation of caffeine, both in wild type and in knock out mice. Morphological characterization of control and diseased tissues was performed by scanning electron microscopy and two-photon microscopy. The chemically induced psoriatic group showed increased skin permeability for the model drug during disease progression. In wild type and TRPA1 KO mice, however, enhanced skin thickness and hyperkeratosis blocked further increase of drug penetration at the late phase (96 h). These results indicate that topical drug therapy can be more effective in early phases of plaque development, when skin thickness is lower. Although paracellular connections (tight junctions) are looser in the advanced phase, hyperkeratosis blocks drug delivery through the transappendageal routes. Novel drug formulations may have the potency for effective drug delivery across the epidermal barrier even in the advanced phase. For development of more effective topical drugs, further research is proposed to explore drug penetration both in healthy and diseased conditions.
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Bagood MD, Isseroff RR. TRPV1: Role in Skin and Skin Diseases and Potential Target for Improving Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116135. [PMID: 34200205 PMCID: PMC8201146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is innervated by a multitude of sensory nerves that are important to the function of this barrier tissue in homeostasis and injury. The role of innervation and neuromediators has been previously reviewed so here we focus on the role of the transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) in wound healing, with the intent of targeting it in treatment of non-healing wounds. TRPV1 structure and function as well as the outcomes of TRPV1-targeted therapies utilized in several diseases and tissues are summarized. In skin, keratinocytes, sebocytes, nociceptors, and several immune cells express TRPV1, making it an attractive focus area for treating wounds. Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors confound the function and targeting of TRPV1 and may lead to adverse or off-target effects. Therefore, a better understanding of what is known about the role of TRPV1 in skin and wound healing will inform future therapies to treat impaired and chronic wounds to improve healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D. Bagood
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA;
| | - R. Rivkah Isseroff
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA;
- Dermatology Section, VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(916)-551-2606
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Takahashi N, Tsuzuno T, Mineo S, Yamada-Hara M, Aoki-Nonaka Y, Tabeta K. Epithelial TRPV1 channels: Expression, function, and pathogenicity in the oral cavity. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:235-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Narda M, Trullas C, Brown A, Piquero-Casals J, Granger C, Fabbrocini G. Glycolic acid adjusted to pH 4 stimulates collagen production and epidermal renewal without affecting levels of proinflammatory TNF-alpha in human skin explants. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:513-521. [PMID: 32583600 PMCID: PMC7891644 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Glycolic acid (GA) is an effective way of reversing the signs of age and photodamage. GA enhances desquamation of the stratum corneum and induces biological responses that can help restore skin's integrity. GA can, however, cause irritation, especially when its concentration is high, and its pH is low. Thus, most commercially available products for home use contain relatively low GA concentrations and are partially neutralized to a pH around 4. Aims The aim of this study was to determine the biological effects and relative efficacy of cosmetic formulations containing GA at concentrations ranging from 8% to 25% at pH 4 in human ex vivo skin explants. Methods Human skin explants were topically treated with gel formulations and oil‐in‐water creams containing 8%, 10%, 15%, or 25% GA, adjusted to pH 4, daily for 5 days. The degree of desquamation, their effect on cell proliferation, and their impact upon total collagen levels were determined 24 hours later. Levels of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) were measured after days 3 and 6. Results All formulations effectively induced desquamation in a concentration‐dependent manner. Total collagen levels were increased at all concentrations, with greatest effects at higher GA concentrations. No effect on TNF‐α expression was observed. Conclusions These data suggest that partially neutralized GA formulations retain skin rejuvenating properties without causing irritation and inflammation and that their use can be tailored to individual needs based on the concentration of GA in the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Frederico II, Naples, Italy
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11
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Zhai K, Liskova A, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D. Calcium Entry through TRPV1: A Potential Target for the Regulation of Proliferation and Apoptosis in Cancerous and Healthy Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4177. [PMID: 32545311 PMCID: PMC7312732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration ([Ca2+]i) is a key determinant of cell fate and is implicated in carcinogenesis. Membrane ion channels are structures through which ions enter or exit the cell, depending on the driving forces. The opening of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ligand-gated ion channels facilitates transmembrane Ca2+ and Na+ entry, which modifies the delicate balance between apoptotic and proliferative signaling pathways. Proliferation is upregulated through two mechanisms: (1) ATP binding to the G-protein-coupled receptor P2Y2, commencing a kinase signaling cascade that activates the serine-threonine kinase Akt, and (2) the transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), leading to a series of protein signals that activate the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2. The TRPV1-apoptosis pathway involves Ca2+ influx and efflux between the cytosol, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and cytochrome c from the mitochondria, caspase activation, and DNA fragmentation and condensation. While proliferative mechanisms are typically upregulated in cancerous tissues, shifting the balance to favor apoptosis could support anti-cancer therapies. TRPV1, through [Ca2+]i signaling, influences cancer cell fate; therefore, the modulation of the TRPV1-enforced proliferation-apoptosis balance is a promising avenue in developing anti-cancer therapies and overcoming cancer drug resistance. As such, this review characterizes and evaluates the role of TRPV1 in cell death and survival, in the interest of identifying mechanistic targets for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, PO Box 24144, Qatar;
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, PO Box 24144, Qatar;
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Glycolic acid attenuates UVB-induced aquaporin-3, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression, and collagen degradation in keratinocytes and mouse skin. Biochem J 2019; 476:1387-1400. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B exposure causes an inflammatory response, photoaged skin, and degradation of extracellular matrix proteins including collagen and elastin. The regulation of these genes was suggested as an important mechanism to attenuate skin aging. Glycolic acid (GA) is commonly present in fruits and recently used to treat dermatological diseases. We reported that GA slows down cell inflammation and aging caused by UVB. Little is known about GA retarding the skin premature senescence or how to impede these events. To investigate the potential of GA to regulate the expression of MMPs and collagen, GA was topically applied onto human keratinocytes and the C57BL/6J mice dorsal skin. In the present study, we demonstrated that GA reduced UVB-induced type-I procollagen expression and secretory collagen levels. GA reverted and dose-dependently increased the level of aquaporin-3 (AQP3), the expression of which was down-regulated by UVB. The UV-induced MMP-9 level and activity were reduced by GA pre-treatment. Concomitantly, GA reverted mitogen-activated protein kinase (MMP-9) activation and inhibited the extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation (p38, pERK) triggered by UVB. The animal model also presented that GA attenuated the wrinkles caused by UVB on the mouse dorsal skin. Finally, GA triggers the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV-1) channel to initiate the anti-photoaging mechanism in keratinocytes. These findings clearly indicated that the mechanisms of GA promote skin protection against UVB-induced photoaging and wrinkle formation. GA might be an important reagent and more widely used to prevent UVB-induced skin aging.
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Angelova-Fischer I, Fischer TW, Abels C, Zillikens D. Accelerated barrier recovery and enhancement of the barrier integrity and properties by topical application of a pH 4 vs. a pH 5·8 water-in-oil emulsion in aged skin. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:471-477. [PMID: 29577247 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased skin-surface pH is an important host-related factor for deteriorated barrier function in aged skin. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether restoration of skin pH through topical application of a water-in-oil emulsion with pH 4 improved the barrier homeostasis in aged skin, and compared the effects with an identical galenic formulation with pH 5·8. METHODS The effects of the test formulations on barrier recovery were investigated by repeated measurements of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin pH 3 h, 6 h and 24 h after acetone-induced impairment of barrier function in aged skin. The long-term effects of the pH 4 and pH 5·8 emulsions were analysed by investigation of the barrier integrity and cohesion, the skin-surface pH and the skin roughness and scaliness before and after a 4-week, controlled application of the formulations. RESULTS The application of the pH 4 emulsion accelerated barrier recovery in aged skin: 3 h and 6 h after acetone-induced barrier disruption the differences in the TEWL recovery between the pH 4 treated and acetone control fields were significant. Furthermore, long-term application of the pH 4 formulation resulted in significantly decreased skin pH, enhanced barrier integrity and reduced skin-surface roughness and scaliness. At the same time points, the pH 5·8 formulation exerted only minor effects on the barrier function parameters. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous acidification through topical application of a water-in-oil emulsion with pH 4 leads to improvement of the skin barrier function and maintenance of the barrier homeostasis in aged skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Angelova-Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - T W Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - C Abels
- Dr August Wolff GmbH & Co. KG Arzneimittel, Sudbrackstraße 56, D-33611, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - D Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Sakakibara A, Sakakibara S, Kusumoto J, Takeda D, Hasegawa T, Akashi M, Minamikawa T, Hashikawa K, Terashi H, Komori T. Upregulated Expression of Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily V Receptors in Mucosae of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Patients with a History of Alcohol Consumption or Smoking. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169723. [PMID: 28081185 PMCID: PMC5230781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Transient receptor potential cation channel (subfamily V, members 1–4) (TRPV1–4) are expressed in skin and neurons and activated by external stimuli in normal mucosae of all oral cavity sites. The oral cavity is exposed to various stimuli, including temperature, mechanical stimuli, chemical substances, and changes in pH, and, notably, the risk factors for oncogenic transformation in oral squamous epithelium are the same as the external stimuli received by TRPV1–4 receptors. Hence, we examined the relationship between oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and TRPV1–4 expression. Materials and Methods Oral SCC patients (n = 37) who underwent surgical resection were included in this study. We investigated the expression of TRPV1–4 by immunohistochemical staining and quantification of TRPV1–4 mRNA in human oral mucosa. In addition, we compared the TRPV1–4 levels in mucosa from patients with SCC to those in normal oral mucosa. Results The receptors were expressed in oral mucosa at all sites (tongue, buccal mucosa, gingiva, and oral floor) and the expression was stronger in epithelia from patients with SCC than in normal epithelia. Furthermore, alcohol consumption and tobacco use were strongly associated with the occurrence of oral cancer and were found to have a remarkable influence on TRPV1–4 receptor expression in normal oral mucosa. In particular, patients with a history of alcohol consumption demonstrated significantly higher expression levels. Conclusion Various external stimuli may influence the behavior of cancer cells. Overexpression of TRPV1-4 is likely to be a factor in enhanced sensitivity to external stimuli. These findings could contribute to the establishment of novel strategies for cancer therapy or prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sakakibara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shunsuke Sakakibara
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junya Kusumoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takeda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takumi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Minamikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Hashikawa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroto Terashi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takahide Komori
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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Tang SC, Yeh JI, Hung SJ, Hsiao YP, Liu FT, Yang JH. Glycolic Acid Silences Inflammasome Complex Genes, NLRC4 and ASC, by Inducing DNA Methylation in HaCaT Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2016; 35:124-34. [PMID: 26784358 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2015.2993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AHAs (α-hydroxy acids), including glycolic acid (GA), have been widely used in cosmetic products and superficial chemical peels. Inflammasome complex has been shown to play critical roles in inflammatory pathways in human keratinocytes. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of GA is still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the expression of the inflammasome complex and epigenetic modification to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of GA in HaCaT cells. We evaluated NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and ASC inflammasome complex gene expression on real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methylation changes were detected in these genes following treatment with DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza) with or without the addition of GA using methylation-specific PCR (MSP). GA inhibited the expressions of these inflammasome complex genes, and the decreases in the expressions of mRNA were reversed by 5-Aza treatment. Methylation was detected in NLRC4 and ASC on MSP, but not in NLRP3 or AIM2. GA decreased NLRC4 and ASC gene expression by increasing not only DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT-3B) protein level, but also total DNMT activity. Furthermore, silencing of DNMT-3B (shDNMT-3B) increased the expressions of NLRC4 and ASC. Our data demonstrated that GA treatment induces hypermethylation of promoters of NLRC4 and ASC genes, which may subsequently lead to the hindering of the assembly of the inflammasome complex in HaCaT cells. These results highlight the anti-inflammatory potential of GA-containing cosmetic agents in human skin cells and demonstrate for the first time the role of aberrant hypermethylation in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheau-Chung Tang
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University , Hualien, Taiwan
- 2 Institute of Biomedical Sciences , Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-I Yeh
- 3 Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University , Hualien, Taiwan
- 4 Department of Family Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital , Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Jen Hung
- 3 Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University , Hualien, Taiwan
- 5 Department of Dermatology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital , Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Hsiao
- 6 Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
- 7 Department of Dermatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- 2 Institute of Biomedical Sciences , Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- 8 Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis School of Medicine , Sacramento, California
| | - Jen-Hung Yang
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University , Hualien, Taiwan
- 3 Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University , Hualien, Taiwan
- 5 Department of Dermatology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital , Hualien, Taiwan
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Pohóczky K, Kun J, Szalontai B, Szőke É, Sághy É, Payrits M, Kajtár B, Kovács K, Környei JL, Garai J, Garami A, Perkecz A, Czeglédi L, Helyes Z. Estrogen-dependent up-regulation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 receptor proteins in the rat endometrium. J Mol Endocrinol 2016; 56:135-49. [PMID: 26643912 DOI: 10.1530/jme-15-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors expressed predominantly in sensory nerves are activated by inflammatory stimuli and mediate inflammation and pain. Although they have been shown in the human endometrium, their regulation and function are unknown. Therefore, we investigated their estrogen- and progesterone-dependent alterations in the rat endometrium in comparison with the estrogen-regulated inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Four-week-old (sexually immature) and four-month-old (sexually mature) female rats were treated with the non-selective estrogen receptor (ER) agonist diethylstilboestrol (DES), progesterone and their combination, or ovariectomized. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to determine mRNA and protein expression levels respectively. Channel function was investigated with ratiometric [Ca(2+)]i measurement in cultured primary rat endometrial cells. Both TRP receptors and MIF were detected in the endometrium at mRNA and protein levels, and their localizations were similar. Immunostaining was observed in the immature epithelium, while stromal, glandular and epithelial positivity were observed in adults. Functionally active TRP receptor proteins were shown in endometrial cells by activation-induced calcium influx. In adults, Trpa1 and Trpv1 mRNA levels were significantly up-regulated after DES treatment. TRPA1 increased after every treatment, but TRPV1 remained unchanged following the combined treatment and ovariectomy. In immature rats, DES treatment resulted in increased mRNA expression of both channels and elevated TRPV1 immunopositivity. MIF expression changed in parallel with TRPA1/TRPV1 in most cases. DES up-regulated Trpa1, Trpv1 and Mif mRNA levels in endometrial cell cultures, but 17β-oestradiol having ERα-selective potency increased only the expression of Trpv1. We provide the first evidence for TRPA1/TRPV1 expression and their estrogen-induced up-regulation in the rat endometrium in correlation with the MIF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Pohóczky
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Kun
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and Ger
| | - Bálint Szalontai
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and Ger
| | - Éva Sághy
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Maja Payrits
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Béla Kajtár
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kovács
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József László Környei
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Garai
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Garami
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anikó Perkecz
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Levente Czeglédi
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and GerontologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryMTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research GroupHungary, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryInstitute of Animal ScienceCentre for Agricultural and Applied Economic Sciences, University of Debrecen, PO Box 36, H-4015 Debrecen, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryJanos Szentagothai Research CentreUniversity of Pécs, Ifjúság Street 20, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartments of PathologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of PhysiologyUniversity of Pécs Medical School, Szigeti Street 12, H-7624 Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Pathophysiology and Ger
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Kang BK, Choi JH, Jeong KH, Park JM, Suh DH, Lee SJ, Shin MK. A study of the effects of physical dermabrasion combined with chemical peeling in porcine skin. J COSMET LASER THER 2014; 17:24-30. [DOI: 10.3109/14764172.2014.968580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Takahashi N, Matsuda Y, Yamada H, Tabeta K, Nakajima T, Murakami S, Yamazaki K. Epithelial TRPV1 signaling accelerates gingival epithelial cell proliferation. J Dent Res 2014; 93:1141-7. [PMID: 25266715 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514552826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1), a member of the calcium-permeable thermosensitive transient receptor potential superfamily, is a sensor of thermal and chemical stimuli. TRPV1 is activated by noxious heat (> 43°C), acidic conditions (pH < 6.6), capsaicin, and endovanilloids. This pain receptor was discovered on nociceptive fibers in the peripheral nervous system. TRPV1 was recently found to be expressed by non-neuronal cells, such as epithelial cells. The oral gingival epithelium is exposed to multiple noxious stimuli, including heat and acids derived from endogenous and exogenous substances; however, whether gingival epithelial cells (GECs) express TRPV1 is unknown. We show that both TRPV1 mRNA and protein are expressed by GECs. Capsaicin, a TRPV1 agonist, elevated intracellular Ca(2+) levels in the gingival epithelial cell line, epi 4. Moreover, TRPV1 activation in epi 4 cells accelerated proliferation. These responses to capsaicin were inhibited by a specific TRPV1 antagonist, SB-366791. We also observed GEC proliferation in capsaicin-treated mice in vivo. No effects were observed on GEC apoptosis by epithelial TRPV1 signaling. To examine the molecular mechanisms underlying this proliferative effect, we performed complementary (c)DNA microarray analysis of capsaicin-stimulated epi 4 cells. Compared with control conditions, 227 genes were up-regulated and 232 genes were down-regulated following capsaicin stimulation. Several proliferation-related genes were validated by independent experiments. Among them, fibroblast growth factor-17 and neuregulin 2 were significantly up-regulated in capsaicin-treated epi 4 cells. Our results suggest that functional TRPV1 is expressed by GECs and contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takahashi
- Laboratory of Periodontology and Immunology, Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Matsuda
- Laboratory of Periodontology and Immunology, Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata, Japan
| | - H Yamada
- Laboratory of Periodontology and Immunology, Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata, Japan
| | - K Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Nakajima
- General Dentistry and Clinical Education Unit, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - S Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Periodontology and Immunology, Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Treede RD, Wagner T, Kern KU, Husstedt IW, Arendt G, Birklein F, Cegla T, Freynhagen R, Gockel HH, Heskamp ML, Jager H, Joppich R, Maier C, Leffler A, Nagelein HH, Rolke R, Seddigh S, Sommer C, Stander S, Wasner G, Baron R. Mechanism- and experience-based strategies to optimize treatment response to the capsaicin 8% cutaneous patch in patients with localized neuropathic pain. Curr Med Res Opin 2013; 29:527-38. [PMID: 23444968 DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2013.781019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The capsaicin 8% cutaneous patch is an emergent new treatment option for patients with peripheral neuropathic pain. In randomized controlled clinical studies relevant pain relief for 12 weeks was achieved in about one third of patients following a single application. The first part of this paper is a review of the pathophysiology, pharmacology, and published clinical trials with the capsaicin 8% cutaneous patch. The second part reports on outcomes of an interdisciplinary expert workshop, where new treatment results of three major German pain centers were presented and reviewed with the objectives of obtaining responder rates for different pain syndromes, assessing maintenance of effect under real-life conditions, and giving recommendations for practical care. The 12 week responder rates with pain relief of ≥ 30% were comparable in patients with mononeuropathies (37.9%) and postherpetic neuralgia (38.8%). Similar responder rates were seen in a subgroup of patients with cervical spine radiculopathy and back pain (46.7%). In HIV-associated neuropathy the responder rates were high (47.8%) but lower in patients with other polyneuropathies (17.6%). Response rates were nearly identical after 1 week (46.6%) and 4 weeks (43.3) and dropped only slightly at 12 weeks (37.4%). In a subgroup of 54 patients who underwent a second treatment, efficacy was maintained. Response rates in patients with or without lidocaine pretreatment were comparable. Treatment with the capsaicin 8% cutaneous patch was generally safe and well tolerated. The workshop panel recommended further investigation of opportunities to improve the application procedure and to perform studies on the skin penetration and distribution of capsaicin. A modified quantitative sensory testing (QST) should be developed for clinical practice in order to better understand the correlation of sensory profiles and response to capsaicin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R-D Treede
- Center for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
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Bradshaw HB, Raboune S, Hollis JL. Opportunistic activation of TRP receptors by endogenous lipids: exploiting lipidomics to understand TRP receptor cellular communication. Life Sci 2012. [PMID: 23178153 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential channels (TRPs) form a large family of ubiquitous non-selective cation channels that function as cellular sensors and in many cases regulate intracellular calcium. Identification of the endogenous ligands that activate these TRP receptors is still under intense investigation with the majority of these channels still remaining "orphans." That these channels respond to a variety of external stimuli (e.g. plant-derived lipids, changes in temperature, and changes in pH) provides a framework for their abilities as cellular sensors, however, the mechanism of direct activation is still under much debate and research. In the cases where endogenous ligands (predominately lipids) have shown direct activation of a channel, multiple ligands have been shown to activate the same channel suggesting that these receptors are "promiscuous" in nature. Lipidomics of a growing class of endogenous lipids, N-acyl amides, the most famous of which is N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine (the endogenous cannabinoid, Anandamide) is providing a novel set of ligands that have been shown to activate some members of the TRP family and have the potential to deorphanize many more. Here it is argued that activation of TRPV receptors, a subset of the larger family of TRPs, by multiple endogenous lipids that are structurally analogous is a model system to drive our understanding that many TRP receptors are not promiscuous, but are more characteristically "opportunistic" in nature; exploiting the structural similarity and biosynthesis of a narrow range of analogous endogenous lipids. In addition, this manuscript will compare the activation properties of TRPC5 to the activity profile of an "orphan" lipid, N-palmitoyl glycine; further demonstrating that lipidomics aimed at expanding our knowledge of the family of N-acyl amides has the potential to provide novel avenues of research for TRP receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather B Bradshaw
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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Abstract
A major function of the skin is to provide a barrier to the movement of water and electrolytes, which is required for life in a terrestrial environment. This permeability barrier is localized to the stratum corneum and is mediated by extracellular lipid-enriched lamellar membranes, which are delivered to the extracellular spaces by the secretion of lamellar bodies by stratum granulosum cells. A large number of factors have been shown to regulate the formation of this permeability barrier. Specifically, lamellar body secretion and permeability barrier formation are accelerated by decreases in the calcium content in the stratum granulosum layer of the epidermis. In addition, increased expression of cytokines and growth factors and the activation of nuclear hormone receptors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, liver X receptors, vitamin D receptor) accelerate permeability barrier formation. In contrast, nitric oxide, protease-activated receptor 2 activation, glucocorticoids, and testosterone inhibit permeability barrier formation. The ability of a variety of factors to regulate permeability barrier formation allows for a more precise and nuanced regulation.
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Denda S, Takei K, Kumamoto J, Goto M, Tsutsumi M, Denda M. Oxytocin is expressed in epidermal keratinocytes and released upon stimulation with adenosine 5'-[γ-thio]triphosphate in vitro. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21:535-7. [PMID: 22583056 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2012.01507.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin is a neuropeptide produced primarily in the hypothalamus and is best known for its roles in parturition and lactation. It also influences behaviour, memory and mental state. Recent studies have suggested a variety of roles for oxytocin in peripheral tissues, including skin. Here we show that oxytocin is expressed in human skin. Immunohistochemical studies showed that oxytocin and its carrier protein, neurophysin I, are predominantly localized in epidermis. RT-PCR confirmed the expression of oxytocin in both skin and cultured epidermal keratinocytes. We also show that oxytocin is released from keratinocytes after application of adenosine 5'-[γ-thio]triphosphate (ATPγS, a stable analogue of ATP) in a dose-dependent manner. The ATPγS-induced oxytocin release was inhibited by removal of extracellular calcium, or by the P2X receptor antagonist 2',3'-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate (TNP-ATP). These results suggest that oxytocin is produced in human epidermal keratinocytes and is released in response to calcium influx via P2X receptors.
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Effect of surgical and chemical sensory denervation on non-neural expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors in the rat. J Mol Neurosci 2012; 48:795-803. [PMID: 22528458 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9766-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pretreatment with the ultrapotent capsaicin analog resiniferatoxin (RTX) has been applied as a selective pharmacological tool in inflammation and pain studies to desensitize transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor-expressing sensory nerve endings. The discovery of TRPV1 receptor on non-neural cells challenges systemic RTX desensitization as a method acting exclusively on a population of sensory neurons, but not on non-neural cells. Systemic RTX desensitization was used for chemical denervation and transection of the sciatic and saphenous nerves for surgical denervation in rats. Quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were applied to investigate the presence and alterations of the TRPV1 receptor mRNA and protein following chemical and surgical denervation. We provided the first evidence for non-neural TRPV1 immunopositivity and mRNA expression in the rat dorsal paw and plantar skin as well as the oral mucosa. Neither chemical nor surgical denervation influenced the level of TRPV1 receptor mRNA and protein expression in non-neural cells of either skin regions or mucosa. Therefore, RTX and consequently capsaicin remain to be considered as selective neurotoxins for a population of primary afferent neurons.
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Production and characterization of a glycolipid biosurfactant, mannosylerythritol lipid B, from sugarcane juice by Ustilago scitaminea NBRC 32730. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2011; 75:1371-6. [PMID: 21737925 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs) are glycolipid biosurfactants excreted by fungal strains. They show not only excellent surface-active properties but also versatile biochemical actions. Ustilago scitaminea NBRC 32730 has been reported mainly to produce a mono-acetylated and di-acylated MEL, MEL-B, from sucrose as sole carbon source. In order to make biosurfactant production more efficient, we focused our attention on the use of sugarcane juice, one of the most economical resources. The fungal strain produced MEL-B at the yield of 12.7 g/L from only sugarcane juice containing 22.4% w/w sugars. Supplementation with organic (yeast extract, peptone, and urea) and inorganic (sodium nitrate and ammonium nitrate) nitrogen sources markedly enhanced the production yield. Of the nitrogen sources, urea gave the best yield. Under optimum conditions, the strain produced 25.1 g/L of MEL-B from the juice (19.3% sugars) supplemented with 1 g/L of urea in a jar fermenter at 25 °C over 7 d. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the surface-tension at the CMC for the present MEL-B were 3.7×10(-6) M and 25.2 mN/m respectively. On water-penetration scan, the biosurfactant efficiently formed the lamella phase (L(α)) and myelins over a wide range of concentrations, indicating excellent surface-active and self-assembling properties. More significantly, the biosurfactant showed a ceramide-like skin-care property in a three-dimensional cultured human skin model. Thus, sugarcane juice is likely to be effective in glycolipid production by U. scitaminea NBRC 32730, and should facilitate the application of MELs.
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Roles of transient receptor potential proteins (TRPs) in epidermal keratinocytes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 704:847-60. [PMID: 21290330 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0265-3_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal keratinocytes are the epithelial cells of mammalian skin. At the basal layer of the epidermis, these cells proliferate strongly, and as they move towards the skin surface, differentiation proceeds. At the uppermost layer of the epidermis, keratinocytes undergo apoptosis and die, forming a thin, water-impermeable layer called the stratum corneum. Peripheral blood vessels do not reach the epidermis, but peripheral nerve fibers do penetrate into it. Until recently, it was considered that the main role of epidermal keratinocytes was to construct and maintain the water-impermeable barrier function. However, since the functional existence of TRPV1, which is activated by heat and low pH, in epidermal keratinocytes was identified, our understanding of the role of keratinocytes has changed enormously. It has been found that many TRP channels are expressed in epidermal keratinocytes, and play important roles in differentiation, proliferation and barrier homeostasis. Moreover, because TRP channels expressed in keratinocytes have the ability to sense a variety of environmental factors, such as temperature, mechanical stress, osmotic stress and chemical stimuli, epidermal keratinocytes might form a key part of the sensory system of the skin. The present review deals with the potential roles of TRP channels expressed in epidermal keratinocytes and focuses on the concept of the epidermis as an active interface between the body and the environment.
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