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Selestin Raja I, Kim C, Oh N, Park JH, Hong SW, Kang MS, Mao C, Han DW. Tailoring photobiomodulation to enhance tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122623. [PMID: 38797121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM), the use of biocompatible tissue-penetrating light to interact with intracellular chromophores to modulate the fates of cells and tissues, has emerged as a promising non-invasive approach to enhancing tissue regeneration. Unlike photodynamic or photothermal therapies that require the use of photothermal agents or photosensitizers, PBM treatment does not need external agents. With its non-harmful nature, PBM has demonstrated efficacy in enhancing molecular secretions and cellular functions relevant to tissue regeneration. The utilization of low-level light from various sources in PBM targets cytochrome c oxidase, leading to increased synthesis of adenosine triphosphate, induction of growth factor secretion, activation of signaling pathways, and promotion of direct or indirect gene expression. When integrated with stem cell populations, bioactive molecules or nanoparticles, or biomaterial scaffolds, PBM proves effective in significantly improving tissue regeneration. This review consolidates findings from in vitro, in vivo, and human clinical outcomes of both PBM alone and PBM-combined therapies in tissue regeneration applications. It encompasses the background of PBM invention, optimization of PBM parameters (such as wavelength, irradiation, and exposure time), and understanding of the mechanisms for PBM to enhance tissue regeneration. The comprehensive exploration concludes with insights into future directions and perspectives for the tissue regeneration applications of PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuntae Kim
- Institute of Nano-Bio Convergence, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuri Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Korea Science Academy of KAIST, Busan, 47162, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering and KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sung Kang
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Institute of Nano-Bio Convergence, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Bu P, Duan R, Luo J, Yang T, Liu N, Wen C. Development of Home Beauty Devices for Facial Rejuvenation: Establishment of Efficacy Evaluation System. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:553-563. [PMID: 38476342 PMCID: PMC10929553 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s449599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Background Home beauty devices for facial rejuvenation utilizing technologies such as radiofrequency, microcurrent, and light emitting diode have gained widespread attention due to their claimed ability to improve skin tightness and elasticity, making them popular among consumers. However, there is controversy within the industry regarding the effectiveness and safety of these devices. Objective This study aims to verify the safety and effectiveness of these home beauty devices in treating skin aging based on relevant efficacy evaluation indicators. Methods A systematic search of PubMed and web of science was conducted to include original research literature on the efficacy of home beauty devices for facial rejuvenation over the past two decades. The selected literature was processed and analyzed based on efficacy evaluation indicators such as sample size, follow-up period, experimental results, adverse reactions, and others. Results After screening, a total of 18 clinical studies were included. A comprehensive analysis of the experimental results and adverse reaction indicators from existing literature revealed that home beauty devices for facial rejuvenation can improve skin aging to a certain extent. Apart from transient redness and swelling, no other adverse reactions were observed. Conclusion Despite the variety of home beauty devices for facial rejuvenation available in the market, corresponding research reports are limited. Existing studies suffer from issues such as small sample sizes and short follow-up periods, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive efficacy evaluation system. Furthermore, the physical stimulation of meridian acupoints by home beauty devices for facial rejuvenation may meet the multi-dimensional anti-aging needs of patients, suggesting a potential direction for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhi Bu
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Duan
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji Luo
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanbiao Wen
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People’s Republic of China
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Rodrigues RB, de Oliveira MM, Garcia FP, Ueda-Nakamura T, de Oliveira Silva S, Nakamura CV. Dithiothreitol reduces oxidative stress and necrosis caused by ultraviolet A radiation in L929 fibroblasts. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:271-284. [PMID: 38305951 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation, present in sunlight, can induce cell redox imbalance leading to cellular damage and even cell death, compromising skin health. Here, we evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and photochemoprotective effect of dithiothreitol (DTT). DTT neutralized the free radicals 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS·+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), and superoxide anion (O2·-) in in vitro assays, as well as the ferric ion (Fe3+) in the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. We also evaluated the effect of DTT pre-treatment in L929 dermal fibroblasts and DTT (50 and 100 µM) led to greater cell viability following UVA-irradiation compared to cells that were untreated. Furthermore, the pre-treatment of cells with DTT prevented the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation, and DNA condensation, as well as the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), that occurred following irradiation in untreated cells. The endogenous antioxidant system of cells was also improved in irradiated cells that were DTT pre-treated compared to the untreated cells, as the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes remained as high as non-irradiated cells, while the activity levels were depleted in the untreated irradiated cells. Furthermore, DTT reduced necrosis in UVA-irradiated fibroblasts. Together, these results showed that DTT may have promising use in the prevention of skin photoaging and photodamage induced by UVA, as it provided photochemoprotection against the harmful effects of this radiation, reducing oxidative stress and cell death, due mainly to its antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Bufollo Rodrigues
- Biological Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Av. Colombo, n. 5790, Zona 7, Maringá, Paraná, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Francielle Pelegrin Garcia
- Biological Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Av. Colombo, n. 5790, Zona 7, Maringá, Paraná, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Biological Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Av. Colombo, n. 5790, Zona 7, Maringá, Paraná, CEP 87020-900, Brazil.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Post-graduation Program, Maringá State University, Maringá, Brazil.
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He X, Jin S, Dai X, Chen L, Xiang L, Zhang C. The Emerging Role of Visible Light in Melanocyte Biology and Skin Pigmentary Disorders: Friend or Foe? J Clin Med 2023; 12:7488. [PMID: 38068540 PMCID: PMC10707362 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12237488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic radiation, notably visible light (VL), has complicated effects on human skin, particularly pigmentation, which have been largely overlooked. In this review, we discuss the photobiological mechanisms, pathological effects, clinical applications and therapeutic strategies of VL at varying wavelengths on melanocyte biology and skin pigmentary disorders. Different VL wavelengths may impose positive or negative effects, depending on their interactions with specific chromophores, photoaging, ROS production, circadian rhythm and other photon-mediated reactions. Further in vivo and in vitro studies are required to establish the pathologic mechanisms and application principles of VL in pigmentary disorders, as well as optimal photoprotection with coverage against VL wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (X.H.); (S.J.); (X.D.); (L.C.)
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; (X.H.); (S.J.); (X.D.); (L.C.)
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Fantaguzzi F, Tombolini B, Servillo A, Zucchiatti I, Sacconi R, Bandello F, Querques G. Shedding Light on Photobiomodulation Therapy for Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Narrative Review. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:2903-2915. [PMID: 37768527 PMCID: PMC10640464 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photobiomodulation (PBM) relies on the pathophysiological mechanism whereby red to near-infrared light can target mitochondrial activity and promote ATP synthesis. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown promising results in treating intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD), since PBM can produce photochemical reactions in endogenous retinal chromophores. Currently, PBM is approved by the Food and Drug Administration and by the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of intermediate AMD. This narrative review aimed to evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of PBM in treating intermediate AMD. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted using the PubMed database, employing the keywords "photobiomodulation" and "age-related macular degeneration." All English-language studies published up to June 2023 were reviewed, and the search was expanded to include relevant references from selected articles. The included publications were analyzed for this review. RESULTS The available studies on PBM in AMD demonstrated promising but inconsistent results. PBM showed potential in improving best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) in patients with AMD. Some studies also suggested a reduction in AMD lesions, such as drusen volume. However, the long-term efficacy and optimal treatment parameters of PBM in AMD remained to be fully determined due to the limitations of the available studies. These included variations in irradiation techniques, wavelengths, exposure times, and treatment sessions, making it challenging to generalize the effectiveness of PBM. Furthermore, the lack of accurate classification of AMD phenotypes in the available studies hindered the understanding of which phenotypes could truly benefit from this treatment. Finally, the strength of evidence varied among studies, with limited sample sizes, unpublished results, and only three randomized sham-controlled trials. CONCLUSIONS Currently, the effectiveness of PBM in promoting drusen resorption or preventing progression to advanced forms of AMD, as observed in the cited studies, remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Fantaguzzi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Tombolini
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Servillo
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zucchiatti
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sacconi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandello
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Querques
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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Ma Z, Ding Y, Ding X, Mou H, Mo R, Tan Q. PDK4 rescues high-glucose-induced senescent fibroblasts and promotes diabetic wound healing through enhancing glycolysis and regulating YAP and JNK pathway. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:424. [PMID: 38001078 PMCID: PMC10674012 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
During the process of wound healing, fibroblasts migrate to the wound site and perform essential functions in promoting cell proliferation, as well as synthesizing and secreting the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, in diabetic wounds, senescent fibroblasts exhibit impaired proliferative capacity and fail to synthesize essential ECM components. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), a key enzyme regulating energy metabolism, has been implicated in modulating cellular senescence and fibroblast function. However, its specific role in diabetic wounds remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments using STZ-induced diabetic mice and human dermal fibroblasts. We evaluated cellular senescence markers, including SA-β-gal, P53, P16, P21, and PAI-1, as well as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors. Finally, we observed that PDK4 increased in normal wound healing, but its expression was insufficient in diabetic wounds. Significantly, the overexpression of PDK4 demonstrated the potential to accelerate diabetic wound healing and improve the senescence phenotype both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, our study elucidated the underlying mechanism by which PDK4 improved the senescent phenotype through the enhancement of glycolysis and regulation of YAP and JNK pathway. The effect was dependent on metabolic reprogramming and subsequent reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was mediated by PDK4. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of PDK4 as a promising therapeutic target for addressing diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouji Ma
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Youjun Ding
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Jiangsu University, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, 210008, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (Zhenjiang Fourth People's Hospital), Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ding
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haining Mou
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Mo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Anqing Shihua Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, 246002, Anqing, China.
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Song W, Zhang H, Pan Y, Xia Q, Liu Q, Wu H, Du S, Zhang F, Liu H. LED irradiation at 630 nm alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by inhibition of NF-κB-mediated MMPs production. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2271-2283. [PMID: 37394546 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metallopreteinase (MMP), a family of matrix degrading enzyme, plays a significant role in persistent and irreversible joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Photobiomodulatory therapy (PBMT) has become an emerging adjunct therapy for RA. However, the molecular mechanism of PBMT on RA remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of 630 nm light emitting diode (LED) irradiation on RA and its underly molecular mechanism. Arthritis clinic scores, histology analysis and micro-CT results show that 630 nm LED irradiation ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice with the reduction of the extents of paw swelling, inflammation and bone damage. 630 nm LED irradiation significantly reduces MMP-3 and MMP-9 levels and inhibits p65 phosphorylation level in the paws of CIA mice. Moreover, 630 nm LED irradiation significantly inhibits the mRNA and protein levels of MMP-3 and MMP-9 in TNF-α-treated MH7A cells, a human synovial cell line. Importantly, 630 nm LED irradiation reduces TNF-α-induced the phosphorylated level of p65 but not alters STAT1, STAT3, Erk1/2, JNK and p38 phosphorylation levels. Immunofluorescence result showed that 630 nm LED irradiation blocks p65 nuclear translocation in MH7A cells. In addition, other MMPs mRNA regulated by NF-κB were also significantly inhibited by LED irradiation in vivo and in vitro. These results indicates that 630 nm LED irradiation reduces the MMPs levels to ameliorate the development of RA by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p65 selectively, suggesting that 630 nm LED irradiation may be a beneficial adjunct therapy for RA.Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuqi Song
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanxu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Pan
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Du
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengmin Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hailiang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China.
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Galache TR, Galache M, Sena MM, Pavani C. Amber photobiomodulation versus tranexamic acid for the treatment of melasma: protocol for a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073568. [PMID: 37479524 PMCID: PMC10364183 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been suggested as an alternative treatment for melasma. In vitro studies have shown PBM with amber light inhibits the tyrosinase enzyme, induces autophagy and reduces the melanin content, but randomised controlled clinical trials are still needed. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of amber PBM (590 nm) in the treatment of melasma compared with liposomal tranexamic acid. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study is a controlled, randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial. This study will be performed in two centres (Universidade Nove de Julho Facility, Campus Vergueiro, and Galache Odontology Clinic, São Caetano do Sul, both in São Paulo State, Brazil). The sample (54 participants) will be divided into two groups in a 1:1 ratio; one group will receive active PBM and a placebo cosmetic and the other will receive sham PBM and liposomal tranexamic acid. Women presenting facial melasma, aged 35-50 years, with skin phototypes II-IV, will be eligible for inclusion. Women who use oral contraceptives, intrauterine devices, hormone replacement or photosensitive drugs, those with autoimmune disease and those who have undergone facial treatments in the last 3 months will be excluded from the study. The participants will receive PBM weekly for 12 weeks and will use the cosmetic two times per day at home during this period. The severity of melasma will be evaluated through the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) as the primary outcome; pigmentation of the epidermis evaluated by corneomelametry, the photographic records, the global diagnosis of the face and the quality-of-life questionnaire (Brazilian Portuguese version of the Melasma Quality of Life Questionnaire) will assessed as secondary outcomes. All assessments will be made before starting the study (week 0), mid-study at 6 weeks and at the completion of treatment (week 12). MASI will also be evaluated during follow-up (weeks 16 and 20). The data will be analysed based on the intention-to-treat analysis using a generalised mixed model, and α <0.05 will be considered statistically significant. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Nove de Julho (5 332 384). All participants will fill out the patient informed consent form. The results obtained in this trial will be presented at conferences and submitted for publication. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT05326997).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Rodrigues Galache
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, , Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Michelle Mota Sena
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, , Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Christiane Pavani
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to the Health Sciences, , Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Pourang A, Tisack A, Ezekwe N, Torres AE, Kohli I, Hamzavi IH, Lim HW. Effects of visible light on mechanisms of skin photoaging. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2022; 38:191-196. [PMID: 34585779 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Human skin is not only affected by ultraviolet radiation but also by visible light wavelengths emitted by sunlight, electronic devices, and light emitting diodes. Similar to the ultraviolet radiation, visible light has been implicated in photoaging. In this review, the effects of blue light, yellow light, red light, and broad visible light are discussed in relation with photoaging. Different visible light wavelengths likely contribute beneficial and deleterious effects on photoaging by way of interaction with specific photoreceptors, ROS production, and other photon-mediated reactions. Further in vivo studies are needed to determine the mechanism and action spectrum of photoaging in humans, as well as optimal photoprotection with coverage against visible light wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aunna Pourang
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Aaron Tisack
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Nneamaka Ezekwe
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Angeli E Torres
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Indermeet Kohli
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Iltefat H Hamzavi
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Henry W Lim
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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10
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Hong JY, Han HS, Youn JH, Kim HW, Ryu HS, Park KY. Irradiation with 590-nm yellow light-emitting diode light attenuates oxidative stress and modulates UVB induced change of dermal fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:931-935. [PMID: 35181944 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, light-emitting diode (LED)-based devices have emerged as effective and safe tools for the treatment of photoaged skin. However, few studies have been conducted to elucidate the underlying mechanism behind the effect on photoaging of LED light. In this study, we induced photoaging of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) with Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation and evaluated the ability of 590 nm LED radiation to induce recovery from oxidative stress, restore collagen formation, and regulate inflammatory changes. Photoaging was induced in cultured human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) using UVB irradiaton of 50 mJ/cm2 . Then, the photoaged HDFs were irradiated with LED using a custom-built 590 nm LED device which emits light with an intensity of 38 mW/cm2 (irradiated for 900 s with 34.2 J/cm2 of total energy). LED irradiation significantly attenuated UVB-induced reactive oxygen species generation and UVB-induced phosphorylation of JNK, c-Fos, and c-Jun. In addition, the procollagen levels were recovered significantly, and MMP-9 levels were significantly suppressed after LED irradiation. The UVB-induced phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and pro-inflammatory enzyme COX-2 also significantly decreased. Our results suggest that 590-nm yellow light irradiation may be an effective and safe anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory treatment modality for photoaged skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - H S Han
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - H W Kim
- CG Bio Co. Ltd, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Ryu
- CG Bio Co. Ltd, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Y Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Rosa LP, Silva FCD, Luz SCL, Vieira RL, Tanajura BR, Silva Gusmão AGD, de Oliveira JM, Jesus Nascimento FD, Dos Santos NAC, Inada NM, Blanco KC, Carbinatto FM, Bagnato VS. Follow-up of pressure ulcer treatment with photodynamic therapy, low level laser therapy and cellulose membrane. J Wound Care 2021; 30:304-310. [PMID: 33856908 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2021.30.4.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A pressure ulcer (PU) is an area of tissue trauma caused by continuous and prolonged pressure, often associated with hospitalised patients immobilised due to neurological problems, negatively affecting their quality of life, and burdening the public budget. The aim of this study was to report the follow-up, for 45 weeks, of three patients with neurological lesions due to trauma who subsequently developed PUs, and who were treated with a combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT), low level laser therapy (LLLT) and cellulose membrane (CM). METHOD PDT was mediated by the photosensitiser curcumin on a 1.5% emulsion base. Blue LED light at 450 nm was delivered continuously for 12 minutes at an irradiance of 30mW/cm2 and total energy delivered to the tissue was 22J/cm2. LLLT was performed with 660 nm laser, punctuated and continuous, twice a week with parameters: spot size 0.04cm2, power of 40mW, 10 seconds per point, fluence of 10J/cm2 and irradiance of 1000mW/cm2. RESULTS All PUs had a significant reduction (range: 95.2-100%) of their area after 45 weeks of follow-up and two PUs had complete healing at 20 weeks and 30 weeks. All of the PUs showed a reduction in contamination with the PDT treatments in different proportions. CONCLUSION From the results obtained, we conclude that the combination of PDT, LLLT and CM is a promising treatment for PU healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Pereira Rosa
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Hormindo Barros Street, 58. Candeias. Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Francine Cristina da Silva
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Hormindo Barros Street, 58. Candeias. Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Suzete Carvalho Landulfo Luz
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Hormindo Barros Street, 58. Candeias. Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Beatriz Rocha Tanajura
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Hormindo Barros Street, 58. Candeias. Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alana Gonçalves da Silva Gusmão
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Hormindo Barros Street, 58. Candeias. Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Janeide Muritiba de Oliveira
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Hormindo Barros Street, 58. Candeias. Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Jesus Nascimento
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Hormindo Barros Street, 58. Candeias. Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
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Glass GE. Photobiomodulation: A review of the molecular evidence for low level light therapy. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020; 74:1050-1060. [PMID: 33436333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Light energy is harnessed for therapeutic use in a number of ways, most recently by way of photobiomodulation (PBM). This phenomenon is a cascade of physiological events induced by the nonthermal exposure of tissue to light at the near infrared end of the visible spectrum. Therapeutic PBM has become a highly commercialized interest, marketed for everything from facial rejuvenation to fat loss, and diode-based devices are popular in both the clinic setting and for use at home. The lack of regulatory standards makes it difficult to draw clear conclusions about efficacy and safety but it is crucial that we understand the theoretical basis for PBM, so that we can engage in an honest dialogue with our patients and design better clinical studies to put claims of efficacy to the test. This article presents a summary of the science of PBM and examines the differences between laser light, on which much of the preclinical evidence is based and light from diodes, which are typically used in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme E Glass
- Department of Surgery, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Chair, laser safety committee, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York and Qatar.
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13
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Shin DW. Various biological effects of solar radiation on skin and their mechanisms: implications for phototherapy. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2020; 24:181-188. [PMID: 33029294 PMCID: PMC7473273 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2020.1808528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin protects our body from various external factors, such as chemical and physical stimuli, microorganisms, and sunlight. Sunlight is a representative environmental factor that considerably influences the physiological activity of our bodies. The molecular mechanisms and detrimental effects of ultraviolet rays (UVR) on skin have been thoroughly investigated. Chronic exposure to UVR generally causes skin damage and eventually induces wrinkle formation and reduced elasticity of the skin. Several studies have shown that infrared rays (IR) also lead to the breakdown of collagen fibers in the skin. However, several reports have demonstrated that the appropriate use of UVR or IR can have beneficial effects on skin-related diseases. Additionally, it has been revealed that visible light of different wavelengths has various biological effects on the skin. Interestingly, several recent studies have reported that photoreceptors are also expressed in the skin, similar to those in the eyes. Based on these data, I discuss the various physiological effects of sunlight on the skin and provide insights on the use of phototherapy, which uses a specific wavelength of sunlight as a non-invasive method, to improve skin-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wook Shin
- College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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14
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585 nm light-emitting diodes inhibit melanogenesis through upregulating H19/miR-675 axis in LEDs-irradiated keratinocytes by paracrine effect. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 98:102-108. [PMID: 32278532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 585 nm light-emitting diodes have been proven to suppress melanogenesis in melanocytes. However, whether LEDs will influence normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) and paracrine effect of LEDs-irradiated NHEKs in melanogenesis remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the possible mechanisms in vitro of anti-melanogenic activity of 585 nm LEDs on paracrine effect of NHEKs and its exosomes. METHODS NHEKs irradiated with different fluences of 585 nm LEDs were evaluated the cell viability by CCK8 assay. Irradiated medium of NHEKs was co-cultured with melanocytes. Melanin content, tyrosinase activity and melanogenic enzymes activities were detected. Exosomes from NHEKs medium were isolated and characterized by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The expression changes of H19 and its encoded exosomal miR-675 were analyzed. RESULTS Irradiation with 585 nm LEDs from 0 J/cm2 to 20 J/cm2 had no cytotoxic effect on NHEKs. After co-cultured with irradiated medium of NHEKs, melanin content and tyrosinase activity were reduced and the melanogenic activities were downregulated on both mRNA and protein levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1). H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which has been proven relevant to melanogenesis, were significantly upregulated after irradiation. Furthermore, H19 knockdown and miR-675 inhibition in NHEKs could attenuate the inhibition effect of 585 nm LEDs on melanogenesis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that 585 nm LEDs could inhibit melanogenesis via the up-regulation of H19 and its derived exosomal miR-675 from NHEKs, which was considered as a novel paracrine factor in regulating melanogenesis.
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Zhang J, Yue X, Luo H, Jiang W, Mei Y, Ai L, Gao G, Wu Y, Yang H, An J, Ding S, Yang X, Sun B, Luo W, He R, Jia J, Lyu J, Tong Z. Illumination with 630 nm Red Light Reduces Oxidative Stress and Restores Memory by Photo-Activating Catalase and Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase in SAMP8 Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1432-1449. [PMID: 29869529 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pharmacological treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have not resulted in desirable clinical efficacy over 100 years. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive and the most stable compound of reactive oxygen species, contributes to oxidative stress in AD patients. In this study, we designed a medical device to emit red light at 630 ± 15 nm from a light-emitting diode (LED-RL) and investigated whether the LED-RL reduces brain H2O2 levels and improves memory in senescence-accelerated prone 8 mouse (SAMP8) model of age-related dementia. RESULTS We found that age-associated H2O2 directly inhibited formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH). FDH inactivity and semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) disorder resulted in endogenous formaldehyde (FA) accumulation. Unexpectedly, excess FA, in turn, caused acetylcholine (Ach) deficiency by inhibiting choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, the 630 nm red light can penetrate the skull and the abdomen with light penetration rates of ∼49% and ∼43%, respectively. Illumination with LED-RL markedly activated both catalase and FDH in the brains, cultured cells, and purified protein solutions, all reduced brain H2O2 and FA levels and restored brain Ach contents. Consequently, LED-RL not only prevented early-stage memory decline but also rescued late-stage memory deficits in SAMP8 mice. INNOVATION We developed a phototherapeutic device with 630 nm red light, and this LED-RL reduced brain H2O2 levels and reversed age-related memory disorders. CONCLUSIONS The phototherapy of LED-RL has low photo toxicity and high rate of tissue penetration and noninvasively reverses aging-associated cognitive decline. This finding opens a promising opportunity to translate LED-RL into clinical treatment for patients with dementia. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Zhang
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 2 Center for Cognitive Disorders , Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangpei Yue
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Luo
- 3 Central Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College , Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjing Jiang
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 2 Center for Cognitive Disorders , Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Mei
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 4 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Ai
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Ge Gao
- 5 Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- 6 Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yang
- 5 Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jieran An
- 7 Section of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | - Shumao Ding
- 7 Section of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- 7 Section of Environmental Biomedicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, College of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University , Wuhan, China
| | - Binggui Sun
- 4 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhong Luo
- 3 Central Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College , Guangdong, China
| | - Rongqiao He
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 8 State Key Laboratory of Brain & Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 9 Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of the Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
| | - Jihui Lyu
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
- 2 Center for Cognitive Disorders , Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- 1 Laboratory of Alzheimer's Optoelectric Therapy, Alzheimer's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
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16
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Lan CCE, Hung YT, Fang AH, Ching-Shuang W. Effects of irradiance on UVA-induced skin aging. J Dermatol Sci 2019; 94:220-228. [PMID: 30956032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation is the most relevant component of solar radiation-induced skin aging. Sunscreens were used to minimize the harmful effects of UV radiation on our skin by reducing UV irradiance. We previously found that at equivalent fluence, UVB radiation at low irradiance (LI) has higher photocarcinogenic potential as compared to its high irradiance (HI) counterpart. OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of equivalent fluence of UVA radiation administered at different irradiance on photoaging. METHODS Both the hairless mice (SKH-1) and human dermal fibroblasts were irradiated with high irradiance UVA (HIUVA) or low irradiance UVA (LIUVA; 50% irradiance of HIUVA) at equivalent fluence. Parameters related to skin photoaging were evaluated. RESULTS For hairless mice receiving equivalent fluence of UVA radiation, LIUVA treated mice showed prominent skin aging as compared to its HIUVA treated counterpart. In addition, LIUVA radiation induced higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) phosphorylation as compared to their HIUVA treated counterparts. Pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) abrogate the difference between HI and LIUVA radiation on fibroblasts in terms of intracellular ROS, JNK phosphorylation, MMP-1 expression and type I collagen expression. CONCLUSION UVA radiation administered at LI (a scenario similar to sunscreen use) led to more severe aging process as compared to its HI counterpart. Unexpected negative effect may be imposed on the skin if sunscreen use is accompanied by longer duration spent under the sun.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Che E Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Hung
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Hui Fang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wu Ching-Shuang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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17
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Sun C, Zhang X, Tang M, Liu L, Shi Y, Gao C, Liao B, Zheng H. New optical method for the determination of β-galactosidase and α-fetoprotein based on oxidase-like activity of fluorescein. Talanta 2018; 194:164-170. [PMID: 30609517 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescein has been found as an efficient visible-light-induced oxidase mimic and its catalytic performance is group-dependent. Herein, a facile colorimetric strategy for β-galactosidase (β-gal) was developed using fluorescein di β-D-galactopyranoside (FDG) as a probe based on the analyte induced change in oxidase mimicking activity of fluorescein derivatives. FDG doesn't possess any visible-light-induced oxidase activity and can generate fluorescein and fluorescein mono β-D-galactopyranoside (FMG) in the presence of β-gal. The in situ generated fluorescein and FMG possess high oxidase-like activities under visible-light illumination and could catalyze the oxidation of 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) upon short irradiation by light-emitting diode (LED) lamp. Thus, the β-gal activity can be selectively detected in linear range from 0.10 to 12.9 μg mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.04 μg mL-1. We further integrated with the visual detection of α-fetoprotein antigen (AFP) based on the corresponding colorimetric signal induced by β-gal-linked colorimetric immunoassay, a LOD of 0.08 ng mL-1 could be achieved. Significantly, our proposed assay provides a facile sensing platform based on the change in enzyme mimicking activity induced by analytes. In addition, this optical method works without complex synthesis procedure and efficiently avoids participation of unstable H2O2 as an oxidant. Therefore, the present work not only shows the excellent assay performance in β-gal and tumor biomarker detection, but also opens up a new avenue for its application in practical optical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400700, PR China
| | - Menghuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, PR China
| | - Ying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Chunhong Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, MOE Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real Time Analysis, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Bing Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400700, PR China.
| | - Huzhi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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Qin H, Zhang G, Zhang L. GSK126 (EZH2 inhibitor) interferes with ultraviolet A radiation-induced photoaging of human skin fibroblast cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3439-3448. [PMID: 29545866 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycomb group genes (PcG) encode chromatin modification proteins that are involved in the epigenetic regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation and the aging processes. The key subunit of the PcG complex, enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2), has a central role in a variety of mechanisms, such as the formation of chromatin structure, gene expression regulation and DNA damage. In the present study, ultraviolet A (UVA) was used to radiate human dermal fibroblasts in order to construct a photo-aged cell model. Subsequently, the cell viability assay, Hoechst staining, apoptosis detection using flow cytometry, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and erythrocyte exclusion experiments were performed. GSK126, a histone methylation enzyme inhibitor of EZH2, was used as an experimental factor. Results suggested that GSK126 downregulated the mRNA expression levels of EZH2 and upregulated the mRNA expression levels of BMI-1. Notably, GSK126 affected the transcription of various photoaging-related genes and thus protected against photoaging induced by UVA radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Qin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Guang Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Lianbo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Matic I, Revandkar A, Chen J, Bisio A, Dall'Acqua S, Cocetta V, Brun P, Mancino G, Milanese M, Mattei M, Montopoli M, Alimonti A. Identification of Salvia haenkei as gerosuppressant agent by using an integrated senescence-screening assay. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:3223-3240. [PMID: 27922821 PMCID: PMC5270665 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stable cell cycle arrest that is the causative process of aging. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is implicated in the control of cellular senescence and inhibitors of this pathway have been successfully used for life span prolongation experiments in mammals. PTEN is the major regulator of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and loss of PTEN promotes a senescence response termed PICS. Here we report a novel-screening assay, for the identification of compounds that block different types of senescence response. By testing a library of more than 3000 natural and chemical compounds in PTEN deficient cells we have found that an extract from Salvia haenkei (SH), a native plant of Bolivia is a potent inhibitor of PICS. SH also decreases replicative and UV-mediated senescence in human primary fibroblasts and in a model of in vitro reconstructed human epidermis. Mechanistically, SH treatment affects senescence driven by UV by interfering with IL1-α signalling. Pre-clinical and clinical testing of this extract by performing toxicity and irritability evaluation in vitro also demonstrate the safety of SH extract for clinical use as anti-aging skin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Matic
- Laboratory for Research and Development in Aging, Atrahasis S.r.l., 00189 Rome, Italy.,Research Center, San Pietro "Fatebenefratelli", 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Ajinkya Revandkar
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona CH 6500, Switzerland
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona CH 6500, Switzerland
| | - Angela Bisio
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Veronica Cocetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mancino
- Research Center, San Pietro "Fatebenefratelli", 00189 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Mattei
- Animal Technology Facility of University Tor Vergata, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Alimonti
- Laboratory for Research and Development in Aging, Atrahasis S.r.l., 00189 Rome, Italy.,Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Bellinzona CH 6500, Switzerland
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Chen L, Xu Z, Jiang M, Zhang C, Wang X, Xiang L. Light-emitting diode 585nm photomodulation inhibiting melanin synthesis and inducing autophagy in human melanocytes. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 89:11-18. [PMID: 29065997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melasma is a common hyperpigmentation skin disease on face. Light-emitting diode (LED) photomodulation (585nm) is reported to be effective for the treatment of melasma. However, whether and how LED photomodulation would influence melanogenesis of human epidermal melanocytes (HEMs) is unknown. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of LED photomodulation (585nm) on melanogenesis in HEMs. METHODS HEMs were irradiated with fluences of 0, 5, 10 and 20J/cm2 585nm LED light. After 5-day treatment, cell viability was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, and apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V APC assay. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity were measured by spectrophotometer. Melanosome stage and autophagosomes were determined under transmission electron microscope (TEM). The formation of autophagic punctate structures was observed under confocal microscope. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to assess the expression of relative mRNA and protein levels. RESULTS Yellow light LED 585nm had no effects on HEMs cell viability and apoptosis. Treatment with LED 585nm from 5J/cm2 to 20J/cm2 inhibited melanosome maturation, decreased melanin content and tyrosinase activity. Inhibition was accompanied by the decreased expression of tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) on both mRNA and protein levels. Autophagosomes were observed under TEM. Autophagic punctate structures of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) proteins were induced by LED 585nm light. The configuration change of LC3 from LC3-I to LC3-II, and the degradation of p62 protein were observed after LED 585nm. Furthermore, we also revealed that the anti-melanogenic effect of LED 585nm photomodulation was reversed by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), which inhibits autophagy by blocking autophagosome formation via the inhibition of type III Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI-3K). CONCLUSIONS Our finding demonstrated that LED photomodulation with 585nm wavelength suppressed melanin content in HEMs, and the effect was caused by its dose-dependent inhibition on melanogenesis and the induction of HEMs autophagy. This may provide new insights into the efficacy of LED photomodulation in the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Zhongyi Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Chengfeng Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China.
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Polycomb group proteins: Novel molecules associated with ultraviolet A-induced photoaging of human skin. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:2554-2562. [PMID: 28962194 PMCID: PMC5609303 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic repressor polycomb group (PcG) proteins are thought to serve a role in a number of cellular processes, including carcinogenesis, senescence, apoptosis and DNA repair. In the present study, long-wave ultraviolet A (UVA) was used to irradiate human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and embryonic skin fibroblasts (ESFs) in order to simulate photoaging of the skin. The results of cell proliferation, apoptosis, hyaluronic acid (HA) content and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays revealed that the expression levels of genes encoding key PcG proteins (BMI-1 and EZH2) were altered. In addition, the expression levels of these genes were associated with the expression of enzymes that regulate HA synthesis. Furthermore, the expression levels of PcG proteins differed between HSFs and ESFs, suggesting that PcG proteins serve a role in altering HA synthesis during the UVA-induced fibroblast aging process. This signaling pathway may represent a novel molecular mechanism regulating the photoaging of the skin. The findings of the present study provide important insights into the underlying mechanisms of photoaging of the human skin. Further studies are required to clarify the molecular mechanisms underling skin aging and to identify targets for the clinical treatment of photoaging.
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Abstract
There is a clear association between dry eye disease (DED) and skin inflammatory diseases occurring in close proximity to the eyelids, such as facial skin rosacea. Intense pulsed light (IPL) is widely accepted as a treatment for skin rosacea. A number of recent studies demonstrated that, in patients suffering from meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), IPL therapy also reduces signs and symptoms of DED. Despite these encouraging results, in the context of DED and MGD, the mechanisms of action of IPL are not well understood. The purpose of this review was to raise the potential mechanisms of action and to discuss their plausibility.
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A prospective study of the safety and efficacy of a combined bipolar radiofrequency, intense pulsed light, and infrared diode laser treatment for global facial photoaging. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:1051-1061. [PMID: 28434049 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The clinical features of photoaging include: skin texture changes, laxity, rhytides, pigmentary changes, and vascular changes such as erythema and telangiectasias. In order to meet patients' increasing demands for improving all aspects of photoaging at one office visit, employing a multi-modality treatment for all aspects of photoaging has become increasingly desirable for the physician and patient alike. We examine a novel device that employs bipolar radiofrequency (RF), intense pulsed light (IPL), and infrared diode laser. These laser and light source treatments are performed sequentially. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of this device (i.e., ELOS Triniti™). Twenty-six subjects received four ELOS Triniti™ treatments at 1-month intervals. They were followed up 1, 3, and 6 months after completing the treatments. Two blinded dermatologists used a comprehensive grading scale to evaluate the degree of the photoaging in terms of rhytides, laxity, dyschromia, erythema, telangiectasias, and texture. Subjects used a 0-10 grading scale for self-assessment of photoaging. Additionally, we measured the Erythema Index (EI), Melanin Index (MI), transepidermal water loss scores (TEWL), stratum corneum moisture scores (SC), and dermis moisture scores (D) before treatment and 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. There was a statistically significant improvement in all five aspects of the comprehensive grading scale. Overall, it had excellent efficacy for improving erythema, telangiectasias, and skin texture. It also had a relatively long effect on improving skin laxity; however, it had only a limited ability to improve rhytides and dyschromia. It can mildly to moderately improve the global photoaging. This global effect can be noted 1 month after treatment and becomes most clinically apparent 3 months after treatment. This is maintained at least 6 months after treatment. MI index and SC and D values increased while EI index and TEWL values decreased after the treatment. The subjects' self-assessment improved by 2.7 ± 1.2 points. The overall satisfaction rate was 88%. The degree of pain measured 2.5 ± 1.9 points on average. There was no downtime and no severe side effects reported. The sequential implementation of bipolar radiofrequency based optical combination devices (IPL, IR, diode laser) is effective and safe for global facial photoaging.
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Hahn HJ, Kim KB, Bae S, Choi BG, An S, Ahn KJ, Kim SY. Pretreatment of Ferulic Acid Protects Human Dermal Fibroblasts against Ultraviolet A Irradiation. Ann Dermatol 2016; 28:740-748. [PMID: 27904274 PMCID: PMC5125956 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.6.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 90%~99% of ultraviolet A (UVA) ray reaches the Earth's surface. The deeply penetrating UVA rays induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which results in oxidative stress such as photoproducts, senescence, and cell death. Thus, UVA is considered a primary factor that promotes skin aging. Objective Researchers investigated whether pretreatment with ferulic acid protects human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) against UVA-induced cell damages. Methods HDF proliferation was analyzed using the water-soluble tetrazolium salt assay. Cell cycle distribution and intracellular ROS levels were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. Senescence was evaluated using a senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay, while Gadd45α promoter activity was analyzed through a luciferase assay. The expression levels of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A and C, matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 3, as well as p21 and p16 were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results Inhibition of proliferation and cell cycle arrest were detected in cells that were irradiated with UVA only. Pretreatment with ferulic acid significantly increased the proliferation and cell cycle progression in HDFs. Moreover, ferulic acid pretreatment produced antioxidant effects such as reduced DCF intensity, and affected SOD1 and CAT mRNA expression. These effects were also demonstrated in the analysis of cell senescence, promoter activity, expression of senescent markers, and DNA repair. Conclusion These results demonstrate that ferulic acid exerts protective effects on UVA-induced cell damages via anti-oxidant and stress-inducible cellular mechanisms in HDFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Jin Hahn
- Department of Dermatology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki Bbeum Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghee Bae
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Gon Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungkwan An
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Joong Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Young Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Greaves AJ. The effects of narrowbands of visible light upon some skin disorders: a review. Int J Cosmet Sci 2016; 38:325-45. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Greaves
- L'Oréal Recherche; 1 Avenue Eugène Schueller 93601 Aulnay-Sous-Bois France
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Abstract
Despite diverse methods being applied to induce wound healing, many wounds remain recalcitrant to all treatments. Photobiomodulation involves inducing wound healing by illuminating wounds with light emitting diodes or lasers. While used on different animal models, in vitro, and clinically, wound healing is induced by many different wavelengths and powers with no optimal set of parameters yet being identified. While data suggest that simultaneous multiple wavelength illumination is more efficacious than single wavelengths, the optimal single and multiple wavelengths must be better defined to induce more reliable and extensive healing of different wound types. This review focuses on studies in which specific wavelengths induce wound healing and on their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien P Kuffler
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, 201 Calle Norzagaray, San Juan 00901, Puerto Rico
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