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Hubai K, Kováts N, Sainnokhoi TA, Eck-Varanka B, Hoffer A, Tóth Á, Teke G. Phytotoxicity of particulate matter from controlled burning of different plastic waste types. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:852-858. [PMID: 35908223 PMCID: PMC9636295 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
According to careful estimations, open burning of plastic waste affects app. 2 billion people worldwide. While human health risks have become more and more obvious, much less information is available on the phytotoxicity of these emissions. In our study phytotoxicity of particulate matter samples generated during controlled combustion of different plastic waste types such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PUR), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) was evaluated based on peroxidase levels. While different samples showed different concentration-effect relationship patterns, higher concentration(s) caused decreased peroxidase activities in each sample indicating serious damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Hubai
- Centre for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Nora Kováts
- Centre for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary.
- , 8200 Veszprém Egyetem Str. 10, Veszpr?m, Hungary.
| | - Tsend-Ayush Sainnokhoi
- Centre for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Bettina Eck-Varanka
- Centre for Natural Sciences, University of Pannonia, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - András Hoffer
- University of Pannonia, MTA-PE Air Chemistry Research Group, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Ádám Tóth
- University of Pannonia, MTA-PE Air Chemistry Research Group, Egyetem Str. 10, 8200, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Gábor Teke
- ELGOSCAR-2000 Environmental Technology and Water Management Ltd, 8184, Balatonfűzfő, Hungary
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2
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Farooq M, Khan MA, Zhao DD, Asif S, Kim EG, Jang YH, Park JR, Lee IJ, Kim KM. Extrinsic role of gibberellin mitigating salinity effect in different rice genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1041181. [PMID: 36388489 PMCID: PMC9641126 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1041181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The overall effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) with NaCl on different rice genotypes are inadequately understood. The present study determines the effect of different GA3 (50 and 100 µM) concentrations on the morphophysiological, molecular and biochemical effects of 120 mM NaCl salt stress in rice seedlings. Salt stress reduced germination percentages and seedling growth and decreased bioactive GA content. It also downregulated the relative expression of α-amylase-related genes - OsAmy1A, OsAmy1C, and OsAmy3C in the salt-sensitive IR28 cultivar. Salt stress differentially regulated the expression of GA biosynthetic genes. Salt stress increased antioxidant activity in all rice genotypes tested, except in IR28. GA3 mitigates the effect of salt stress, rescuing seed germination and growth attributes. GA3 significantly increased bioactive GA content in Nagdong and pokkali (50 µM) and Cheongcheong and IR28 (100 µM) cultivars. The α-amylase genes were also significantly upregulated by GA3. Similarly, GA3 upregulated OsGA2ox1 and OsGA2ox9 expression in the Cheongcheong and salt-sensitive IR28 cultivars. The present study demonstrated that salt stress inactivates bioactive GA - inhibiting germination and seedlings growth - and decreases bioactive GA content and GSH activity in IR28 and Pokkali cultivars. Further, GA3 significantly reversed the effects of 120 mM NaCl salt stress in different rice genotypes. The current study suggested that the known coastal area salinity concentration can be significantly recovered with the application of exogenous GA3. Thus, it could be possible to grow eco-friendly rice close to the coastal zone in order to reduce the damage caused by salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Aaqil Khan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, South Korea
| | - Dan-Dan Zhao
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, South Korea
- Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Saleem Asif
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, South Korea
| | - Eun-Gyeong Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Hee Jang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ryoung Park
- Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, South Korea
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Deagu, South Korea
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Yang Y, Huang J, Sun Q, Wang J, Huang L, Fu S, Qin S, Xie X, Ge S, Li X, Cheng Z, Wang X, Chen H, Zheng B, He Y. microRNAs: Key Players in Plant Response to Metal Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158642. [PMID: 35955772 PMCID: PMC9369385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental metal pollution is a common problem threatening sustainable and safe crop production. Heavy metals (HMs) cause toxicity by targeting key molecules and life processes in plant cells. Plants counteract excess metals in the environment by enhancing defense responses, such as metal chelation, isolation to vacuoles, regulating metal intake through transporters, and strengthening antioxidant mechanisms. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs), as a small non-coding RNA, have become the central regulator of a variety of abiotic stresses, including HMs. With the introduction of the latest technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), more and more miRNAs have been widely recognized in several plants due to their diverse roles. Metal-regulated miRNAs and their target genes are part of a complex regulatory network. Known miRNAs coordinate plant responses to metal stress through antioxidant functions, root growth, hormone signals, transcription factors (TF), and metal transporters. This article reviews the research progress of miRNAs in the stress response of plants to the accumulation of HMs, such as Cu, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Al, and the toxicity of heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Jiu Huang
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informaftics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China;
| | - Qiumin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Jingqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Lichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Siyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Sini Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoting Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Sisi Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Houming Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, Max Planck Ring 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (Y.H.); Tel./Fax: +86-0571-8663-3652 (Y.H.)
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Q.S.); (J.W.); (L.H.); (S.F.); (S.Q.); (X.X.); (S.G.); (X.L.); (Z.C.); (X.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (Y.H.); Tel./Fax: +86-0571-8663-3652 (Y.H.)
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Zhang L, Zou D, Zeng N, Li L, Xiao Z. Slaked lime improves growth, antioxidant capacity and reduces Cd accumulation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Cd stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4388. [PMID: 35288602 PMCID: PMC8921238 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Slaked lime has been used to remediate contaminated agricultural soils as an in situ chemical immobilization amendment for a long time. However, the effects of slaked lime on peanut and soil cadmium (Cd) levels remain poorly understood with respect to remediating Cd-contaminated soil. In this study, six rates of slaked lime (e.g., 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 kg ha-1) were applied to evaluate the effects of slaked lime treatments on soil pH and the growth, Cd accumulation and physiology characteristics of peanut, which were in Cd-contaminated soil, and 0 kg ha-1 was taken as the control. The results indicated that slaked lime application significantly increased soil pH and reduced total Cd contents in peanut tissues at all growth stages. As the rates of slaked lime were increased, kernel biomass increased in the maturity stage, which increased peanut yields. The irregular variations in catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities and chlorophyll and malondialdehyde contents that were observed at all growth stages may be due to the interactions among soil pH, Ca nutrients and Cd, etc. In summary, slaked lime is suitable as an in situ chemical immobilization amendment to increase Cd immobilization and peanut yields in Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Zou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningbo Zeng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihua Xiao
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Alsherif EA, Al-Shaikh TM, Almaghrabi O, AbdElgawad H. High Redox Status as the Basis for Heavy Metal Tolerance of Sesuvium portulacastrum L. Inhabiting Contaminated Soil in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010019. [PMID: 35052523 PMCID: PMC8773048 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Because sewage sludge is contaminated with heavy metals, its disposal in the soil may pose risks to the ecosystem. Thus, heavy metal remediation is necessary to reduce the associated risks. The goal of this research is to introduce a heavy metal resistant species and to assess its phytoremediation, oxidative damage markers and stress tolerance mechanisms. To this end, field research was done to compare the vegetation of polluted sites to that of a healthy site. We found 42 plant species identified in the study, Sesuvium portulacastrum L. was chosen because of its high relative density (10.3) and maximum frequency (100 percent) in the most contaminated areas. In particular, S. portulacastrum plants were characterized by strong Cu, Ni, and As uptake. At the organ level, to control growth reduction and oxidase damage, particularly in roots, increased detoxification (e.g., metallothionein, phytochelatins) and antioxidants mechanisms (e.g., tocopherols, glutathione, peroxidases). On the other hand, flavonoids content and the activity of glutathione-S transferase, glutathione reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase were increased manly in the shoots. These biochemical markers can be applied to select tolerance plant species grown under complex heavy metal contamination. Our findings also introduced S. portulacastrum to reduce soil contamination0associated risks, making the land resource available for agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad A. Alsherif
- Biology Department, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Turki M. Al-Shaikh
- Biology Department, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omar Almaghrabi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt
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6
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Molina L, Segura A. Biochemical and Metabolic Plant Responses toward Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals Present in Atmospheric Pollution. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2305. [PMID: 34834668 PMCID: PMC8622723 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic components of atmospheric particles. These pollutants induce a wide variety of responses in plants, leading to tolerance or toxicity. Their effects on plants depend on many different environmental conditions, not only the type and concentration of contaminant, temperature or soil pH, but also on the physiological or genetic status of the plant. The main detoxification process in plants is the accumulation of the contaminant in vacuoles or cell walls. PAHs are normally transformed by enzymatic plant machinery prior to conjugation and immobilization; heavy metals are frequently chelated by some molecules, with glutathione, phytochelatins and metallothioneins being the main players in heavy metal detoxification. Besides these detoxification mechanisms, the presence of contaminants leads to the production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the dynamic of ROS production and detoxification renders different outcomes in different scenarios, from cellular death to the induction of stress resistances. ROS responses have been extensively studied; the complexity of the ROS response and the subsequent cascade of effects on phytohormones and metabolic changes, which depend on local concentrations in different organelles and on the lifetime of each ROS species, allow the plant to modulate its responses to different environmental clues. Basic knowledge of plant responses toward pollutants is key to improving phytoremediation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lázaro Molina
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C.S.I.C., Calle Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain;
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Lebrun M, Miard F, Drouet S, Tungmunnithum D, Morabito D, Hano C, Bourgerie S. Physiological and molecular responses of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars under a multicontaminated technosol amended with biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53728-53745. [PMID: 34036493 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution is a worldwide issue and has a strong impact on ecosystems. Metal(loid)s have toxic effects on plants and affect various plant life traits. That is why metal(loid) polluted soils need to be remediated. As a remediation solution, phytoremediation, which uses plants to reduce the toxicity and risk of polluted soils, has been proposed. Moreover, flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) has been suggested as a potential phytoremediation plant, due to its antioxidant systems, which can lower the production of reactive oxygen species and can also chelate metal(loid)s. However, the high metal(loid) toxicity associated with the low fertility of the polluted soils render vegetation difficult to establish. Therefore, amendments, such as biochar, need to be applied to improve soil conditions and immobilize metal(loid)s. Here, we analyzed the growth parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers (ROS production, membrane lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and 8-oxoGuanine formation) of five different flax cultivars when grown on a real contaminated soil condition, and in the presence of a biochar amendment. Significant correlations were observed between plant growth, tolerance to oxidative stress, and reprogramming of phytochemical accumulation. A clear genotype-dependent response to metal(loid) stress was observed. It was demonstrated that some phenylpropanoids such as benzoic acid, caffeic acid, lariciresinol, and kaempferol played a key role in the tolerance to the metal(loid)-induced oxidative stress. According to these results, it appeared that some flax genotypes, i.e., Angora and Baikal, could be well adapted for the phytoremediation of metal(loid) polluted soils as a consequence of their adaptation to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhattan Lebrun
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, BP, France
- Università degli Studi del Molise, Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, 86090, Pesche, Italy
| | - Florie Miard
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, BP, France
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, BP, France
| | - Duangjai Tungmunnithum
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, BP, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayuthaya Road, Rajathevi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Domenico Morabito
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, BP, France
| | - Christophe Hano
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, BP, France
| | - Sylvain Bourgerie
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, BP, France.
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Shahzad K, Hussain S, Arfan M, Hussain S, Waraich EA, Zamir S, Saddique M, Rauf A, Kamal KY, Hano C, El-Esawi MA. Exogenously Applied Gibberellic Acid Enhances Growth and Salinity Stress Tolerance of Maize through Modulating the Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Attributes. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1005. [PMID: 34356629 PMCID: PMC8301807 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is the major limiting factor restricting plant growth and development. Little is known about the comparative and combined effects of gibberellic acid (GA3) seed priming and foliar application on maize under salt stress. The current study determined the impact of different application methods of GA3 on morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular responses of maize seedlings under three salinity stress treatments (no salinity, moderate salinity-6 dS m-1, and severe salinity-12 dS m-1). The GA3 treatments consisted of control, hydro-priming (HP), water foliar spray (WFS), HP + WFS, seed priming with GA3 (GA3P, 100 mg L-1), foliar spray with GA3 (GA3FS, 100ppm) and GA3P + GA3FS. Salt stress particularly at 12 dS m-1 reduced the length of shoots and roots, fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents, K+ ion accumulation and activities of antioxidant enzymes, while enhanced the oxidative damage and accumulation of the Na+ ion in maize plants. Nevertheless, the application of GA3 improved maize growth, reduced oxidative stress, and increased the antioxidant enzymes activities, antioxidant genes expression, and K+ ion concentration under salt stress. Compared with control, the GA3P + GA3FS recorded the highest increase in roots and shoots length (19-37%), roots fresh and dry weights (31-43%), shoots fresh and dry weights (31-47%), chlorophyll content (21-70%), antioxidant enzymes activities (73.03-150.74%), total soluble protein (13.05%), K+ concentration (13-23%) and antioxidants genes expression levels under different salinity levels. This treatment also reduced the H2O2 content, and Na+ ion concentration. These results indicated that GA3P + GA3FS could be used as an effective tool for improving the maize growth and development, and reducing the oxidative stress in salt-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Shahzad
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (K.S.); (M.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Sadam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (S.H.); (E.A.W.); (S.Z.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Arfan
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (K.S.); (M.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (S.H.); (E.A.W.); (S.Z.)
| | - Ejaz Ahmad Waraich
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (S.H.); (E.A.W.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shahid Zamir
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (S.H.); (E.A.W.); (S.Z.)
| | - Maham Saddique
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (K.S.); (M.A.); (M.S.)
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23430, Pakistan;
| | - Khaled Y. Kamal
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRAE USC1328, Université d’Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France;
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Gecheva G, Mollov I, Yahubyan G, Gozmanova M, Apostolova E, Vasileva T, Nikolova M, Dimitrova-Dyulgerova I, Radoukova T. Can Biomarkers Respond Upon Freshwater Pollution?-A Moss-Bag Approach. BIOLOGY 2020; 10:biology10010003. [PMID: 33375179 PMCID: PMC7822151 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Pollution of the aquatic environment is a well-known problem with a long history. Monitoring water quality relies on biota in order to provide adequative assessment and management of the water bodies. Among the different biological indicators applied, aquatic macrophytes, and particularly mosses, are in direct relationship with the environment and their use as biomonitors is well documented. In the current study, we made an attempt to apply new fast, reliable and comprehensible methods for water pollution control. Three reservoirs were selected for the following reasons: (i) they were polluted with hazardous substances (heavy metals and organic material) and (ii) they are used for fish farming and irrigation and their water quality directly affects human health. Moss-bags with the selected biomonitor Fontinalis antipyretica were exposed in the reservoirs for a period of 30 days and molecular, chemical and micromorphological markers were studied. All biomarkers tested appeared to be sensitive to the pollution. This research provided a basis for further studies on selected biomarkers towards standardization. Abstract Moss-bags were applied to study the effect of contamination in three standing water bodies in Bulgaria (Kardzhali, Studen Kladenets and Zhrebchevo Reservoirs), the first two with old industrial contamination and the last polluted with short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs). Fontinalis antipyretica Hedw. collected from background (unpolluted) site was placed in cages for a period of 30 days. The present study examined whether inorganic and organic pollution detected with moss-bags resulted in corresponding differences in molecular, chemical and micromorphological markers. Suppressed large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) expression was assessed in moss-bags from two of the reservoirs, contaminated with heavy metals. There was a decrease of the total phenolic content (TPC) in the moss-bags, which provides a basis for further studies of the chemical content of aquatic mosses. Fontinalis antipyretica also showed a response through leaf micromorphological characteristics. In the all three reservoirs, an increase of the twig leaf cell number was recorded (p ≤ 0.01 for Kardzhali and p ≤ 0.001 for Studen Kladenets and Zhrebchevo reservoirs), as well as of the stem leaf cell number in Zhrebchevo Reservoir (p ≤ 0.001). On the contrary, the width of the cells decreased in the studied anthropogenically impacted reservoirs. All three studied groups of biomarkers (molecular, chemical and micromorphological) appeared to be sensitive to freshwater pollution. The results achieved indicated that rbcL gene expression, TPC, cell number and size are promising biomonitoring tools.
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Effect of Biowastes on Soil Remediation, Plant Productivity and Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration: A Review. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13215813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
High anthropogenic activities are constantly causing increased soil degradation and thus soil health and safety are becoming an important issue. The soil quality is deteriorating at an alarming rate in the neighborhood of smelters as a result of heavy metal deposition. Organic biowastes, also produced through anthropogenic activities, provide some solutions for remediation and management of degraded soils through their use as a substrate. Biowastes, due to their high content of organic compounds, have the potential to improve soil quality, plant productivity, and microbial activity contributing to higher humus production. Biowaste use also leads to the immobilization and stabilization of heavy metals, carbon sequestration, and release of macro and micronutrients. Increased carbon sequestration through biowaste use helps us in mitigating climate change and global warming. Soil amendment by biowaste increases soil activity and plant productivity caused by stimulation in shoot and root length, biomass production, grain yield, chlorophyll content, and decrease in oxidative stress. However, biowaste application to soils is a debatable issue due to their possible negative effect of high heavy metal concentration and risks of their accumulation in soils. Therefore, regulations for the use of biowastes as fertilizer or soil amendment must be improved and strictly employed to avoid environmental risks and the entry of potentially toxic elements into the food chain. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of biowastes on soil remediation, plant productivity, and soil organic carbon sequestration.
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Lebrun M, Miard F, Scippa GS, Hano C, Morabito D, Bourgerie S. Effect of biochar and redmud amendment combinations on Salix triandra growth, metal(loid) accumulation and oxidative stress response. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110466. [PMID: 32200145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of metal(loid) polluted soils is an important area of research nowadays. In particular, one remediation technique is much studied, phytomanagement. Phytomanagement combines amendment application and plant growth in order to reduce the risk posed by contaminants. Salicaceae plants showed tolerance towards metal(loid)s and the ability to accumulate high amounts of metal(loid)s in their tissue. Amendments are often applied to counterbalance the reduced soil fertility and high metal(loid) concentrations. Two amendments gathered attention over the last decades, biochar (product of biomass pyrolysis), which can be activated for better effects, and redmud (by-product of alumina production). Those two amendments showed ability to improve soil conditions and thus plant growth, although few studied their combined application. Moreover, since metal(loid)s are known to induce the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, it is important to measure the level of oxidative stress in the plant, to which plants respond using enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems. But no studies evaluate the response of Salicaceae plants to metal(loid) stress and amendment application at the biochemical level in a real soil condition. Therefore, a mesocosm study was set up to evaluate the effect of amending a mine soil with redmud combined to diverse biochars on the soil properties and Salix triandra growth, metal(loid) accumulation and stress marker levels. Results showed that all amendment combinations improved the soil fertility, reduced metal(loid) mobility and thus ameliorated Salix triandra growth, which accumulated metal(loid)s mainly in its roots. Moreover, among the different amendment combinations, Salix triandra plants still suffered from oxidative stress when grown on PG soil amended with redmud and chemical activated carbon, showing elevated levels of phenolic compounds and salicinoids and important antioxidant and enzymatic activities. Finally, one treatment showed levels of these stress markers similar or lower than the control, the combination of redmud with steam activated carbon. In conclusion, this treatment seemed a good solution in a phytomanagement strategy using Salix triandra, improving soil conditions and plant growth and reducing oxidative stress level in the plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhattan Lebrun
- Università degli Studi del Molise, Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, 86090, Pesche, Italy; Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Florie Miard
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Gabriella S Scippa
- Università degli Studi del Molise, Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, 86090, Pesche, Italy
| | - Christophe Hano
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA, USC 1328- Antenne Scientifique Universitaire de Chartres, 21 Rue de Loigny La Bataille, 28000, Chartres, France
| | - Domenico Morabito
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Sylvain Bourgerie
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC INRA USC1328, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067, Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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12
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Tandey R, Chouhan KBS, Sen KK, Mehta R, Dubey A, Das R, Saha P, Mandal V. Physiological and biochemical responses of Amaranthus cruentus to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution caused by thermal power units. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:14790-14806. [PMID: 32056096 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Pollution due to release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from thermal power plants is a major global issue as the same is highly toxic and carcinogenic. The current research aims to investigate the responses of a dietary plant Amaranthus cruentus towards PAH pollution. For the said purpose, the plant was collected from agricultural land in close vicinity to thermal power units and the effects of PAH pollution on its chlorophyll and various nutraceutical content was evaluated. Oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant defense enzymes status and PAH accumulation was quantified as well. Real-time evidence of cell death, depletion of nutraceutical resources, and stomata configuration was generated through various histochemical studies and SEM analysis. Results indicated significant decline of chlorophyll a to the extent of 77% when compared to control. Oxidative stress markers, namely, superoxide radical, H2O2, and hydroxyl radical in pollution exposed plants were 12.7, 2.2, and 2.4 times respectively higher over the control which eventually resulted in 35% more cell death for the pollution exposed group. Total phenolics and flavonoids showed a decline of 57.6% and 41.3% respectively in the group exposed to PAH pollution. Similar decreasing trend was also observed for ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, total proteins, and carbohydrate contents as well. PAH-induced stress also resulted in complete imbalance in the redox homeostasis of the plant which was evident from increase in super oxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase antioxidant enzymes by more than 2-fold when compared to control. PAH accumulation in sample group was 10-20 times more when compared to control. Proteomic analysis also indicated upregulation of some proteins related to stress situation. Results are evident of the fact that severe depletion of nutraceutical resources of dietary plants can take place if subjected to oxidative stress arising from PAH pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Tandey
- Institute of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, CG, 495009, India
| | | | - Kamal Kumar Sen
- Department of Rural Technology, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, CG, 495009, India
| | - Rajendra Mehta
- Department of Rural Technology, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, CG, 495009, India
| | - Amit Dubey
- Central Laboratory Facility, Chhattisgarh Council of Science and Technology, Raipur, CG, 492014, India
| | - Rajdeep Das
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560065, India
- St. John's Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, 56003, India
| | - Pratip Saha
- Proteomics Facility, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India
| | - Vivekananda Mandal
- Institute of Pharmacy, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, CG, 495009, India.
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13
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Mandal V, Tandey R, Singh Chouhan K. Portulaca oleracea exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution: Mapping down nutraceutical and histochemical changes. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_15_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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14
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Vo HNP, Koottatep T, Chapagain SK, Panuvatvanich A, Polprasert C, Nguyen TMH, Chaiwong C, Nguyen NL. Removal and monitoring acetaminophen-contaminated hospital wastewater by vertical flow constructed wetland and peroxidase enzymes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109526. [PMID: 31521036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hospital wastewater contains acetaminophen (ACT) and nutrient, which need adequate removal and monitoring to prevent impact to environment and community. This study developed a pilot scale vertical flow constructed wetland (CW) to (1) remove high-dose ACT and pollutants in hospital wastewater and (2) identify the correlation of peroxidase enzyme extruded by Scirpus validus and pollutants removal efficiency. By that correlation, a low-cost method to monitor pollutants removal was drawn. Plants, such as Scirpus validus, generated peroxidase enzymes to alleviate pollutants' stress. Results showed that the CW removed 3.5 to 6 logs of initial concentration 10 mg ACT/L to a recommended level for drinking water. The CW eliminated COD, TKN and TP efficiently, meeting the wastewater discharged standards of Thailand and Vietnam. By various multivariable regression models, concentrations of ACT in CW effluent and enzymes in S. validus exhibited a significant correlation (p < 0.01, R2 = 68.3%). These findings suggested that (i) vertical flow CW could remove high-dose ACT and nutrient and (ii) peroxidase enzymes generated in S. validus, such as soluble and covalent ones, could track ACT removal efficiency. This would help to reduce facilities and analytical cost of micro-pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Nhat Phong Vo
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), P.O.Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Thammarat Koottatep
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), P.O.Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Saroj Kumar Chapagain
- United Nations University, Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability (UNU-IAS), 5-53-70, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo, 150-8925, Japan
| | - Atitaya Panuvatvanich
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), P.O.Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | | | - Thi Minh Hong Nguyen
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), P.O.Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Chaiwong
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), P.O.Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Ngoc Luong Nguyen
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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Jaskulak M, Grobelak A, Grosser A, Vandenbulcke F. Gene expression, DNA damage and other stress markers in Sinapis alba L. exposed to heavy metals with special reference to sewage sludge application on contaminated sites. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 181:508-517. [PMID: 31234065 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioindicators are promising tools used to detect the long-term effects of selected biosolids on plants development and should be implemented before large-scale supplementation of sewage sludge into the soil. The presented study shows the impact of sewage sludge application on metal-sensitive toxicity biological parameters (biomarkers) in Sinapis alba including: germination, root length, the activity of guaiacol peroxidase, the chlorophyll content, the level of DNA damage and the expression level of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL) and metallothionein (mt). We evaluated data from selected biomarkers in order to broaden our understanding of plants defense mechanisms against heavy metal contamination and the application of sewage sludge into soils. Overall, in contaminated soil after supplementation with both municipal sewage sludges, an increase in toxicity was noticed in DNA damage, mt and rbcl expression and total chlorophyll content. The supplementation of both soils with municipal sewage sludge caused a two-time induction in the mt expression. Moreover, clean soil supplemented with sewage sludge caused an increase in DNA damage shown as the tail moment from approximately 12 μm on control to 40 μm after supplementation. Even if those biosolids increased the initial germination, roots length, and biomass in comparison to the unamended soil, the toxicity was evidenced with other stress markers. Results showed, that in order to accurately assess the influence of sewage sludge application on plants the use of several specific biomarkers is required for safe land restoration. The conducted study also confirmed, both under biochemical and genotoxic tests, that iron enrichment for biosolids or contaminated soil can significantly reduce the bioavailability and toxicity of other metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jaskulak
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland; University of Lille, Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Environment (LGCgE), Environmental Axis, F-59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Anna Grobelak
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Anna Grosser
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Franck Vandenbulcke
- University of Lille, Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Environment (LGCgE), Environmental Axis, F-59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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16
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Zhang Y, Ji H. Physiological responses and accumulation characteristics of turfgrasses exposed to potentially toxic elements. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 246:796-807. [PMID: 31228693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tolerance and enrichment of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in plants are the most important basis of phytoremediation technology for mining area soils. The aim of this research was to study PTEs tolerance, translocation and accumulation differences in three turfgrass species and the biochemical changes of plants and soils. Three turfgrass species were cultured on soils contaminated by single and compound PTEs. Pb, Zn, Cd and As concentrations and biochemical indicators in plant (root and shoot) and soil were determined. Moreover, the microbial communities in rhizosphere soil were analyzed. The studied plants showed strong tolerance and high enrichment ability to Pb, Zn, Cd and As in soil under different PTE concentration gradient stress. Festuca arundinacea had the strongest tolerance to PTEs, whereas Medicago sativa L. had the best tolerance to PTEs. Among all the measured growth or biochemical indicators, the relative growth rate and enzymatic activity of Orychophragmus violaceus were most sensitive to stress. The bioconcentration and translocation factors of Medicago sativa L. for Cd were 1.60 and 1.17, respectively, indicating that it was the most suitable plant for extracting Cd. Compared with other plants, Festuca arundinacea had the most significant effect on soil environment improvement, increasing the soil enzyme activities and microbial community after phytoremediation. This study indicates that Medicago sativa L. can be a potential phytoextraction plant to remove Cd, whereas Festuca arundinacea is more suitable as a cover plant to prevent the dispersion of contaminants in polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollution, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongbing Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollution, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS, College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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17
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Jaskulak M, Rorat A, Grobelak A, Chaabene Z, Kacprzak M, Vandenbulcke F. Bioaccumulation, antioxidative response, and metallothionein expression in Lupinus luteus L. exposed to heavy metals and silver nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:16040-16052. [PMID: 30968299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04972-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Yellow-lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) was grown on soils contaminated with heavy metals during two parallel studies. In the first one, the soil was contaminated by industrial activities whereas, in the second one, the soil was artificially contaminated with a single metal including Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni (in nitrate form), and Ag (in nitrate and nanoparticles form). The study was performed to assess a plant's response to contamination including its antioxidative response and molecular mechanisms involved in metal detoxification through the expression level of metallothioneins (MTs). Overall, the study provided insights into identification and validation of housekeeping genes (HKG) in L. luteus under exposure to metal stress and showed the effects of selected heavy metals and silver nanoparticles on the expression of metallothioneins, the activity of guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) and bioaccumulation of metals in leaves of L. luteus. As such, HKG validation using BestKeeper, NormFinder, and geNorm software allowed for the selection of four most stable reference genes in a context metal contamination for the selected plant. Moreover, a significant increase in the expression levels of MT was observed in plants grown under heavy metal stress and none on plants grown on 25 mg kg-1 of silver nanoparticles. Also, the GPX activity and MT expression showed statistically significant changes between different conditions and doses which means that they can be used as highly sensitive stress markers for planning the phytoremediation process on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jaskulak
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland.
- Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Environment (LGCgE), Environmental Axis, University of Lille, F-59650, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Agnieszka Rorat
- Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Environment (LGCgE), Environmental Axis, University of Lille, F-59650, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Anna Grobelak
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Zayneb Chaabene
- Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Environment (LGCgE), Environmental Axis, University of Lille, F-59650, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
- Laboratoire des Biotechnologies Végétales Appliquées à l'Amélioration des Cultures, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Małgorzata Kacprzak
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Franck Vandenbulcke
- Laboratory of Civil Engineering and Environment (LGCgE), Environmental Axis, University of Lille, F-59650, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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18
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Xu Y, Li P, Nie J, Zhao Q, Guan S, Kuai Z, Qiao Y, Jiang X, Li Y, Li W, Shi Y, Kong W, Shan Y. Humanization and directed evolution of the selenium-containing scFv phage abzyme. RSC Adv 2018; 8:17218-17223. [PMID: 35539266 PMCID: PMC9080455 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02798f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the binding site structure and the catalytic mechanism of the native glutathione peroxidase (GPX), three glutathione derivatives, GSH-S-DNP butyl ester (hapten Be), GSH-S-DNP hexyl ester (hapten He) and GSH-S-DNP hexamethylene ester (hapten Hme) were synthesized. By a four-round panning with a human synthetic scFv phage library against three haptens, the enrichment of the scFv phage particles with specific binding activity could be determined. Three phage particles were selected binding to each glutathione derivative, respectively. After a two-step chemical mutation to convert the serine residues of the scFv phage particles into selenocysteine residues, GPX activity could be observed and determined upto 3000 U μmol-1 in the selenium-containing scFv phage abzyme which was isolated by affinity capture against the hapten Be. Also the scFv phage abzymes elicited by different antigens displayed different catalytic activities. After a directed evolution by DNA shuffling to improve the affinity to the hapten Be, a secondary library with GPX activity was created in which the catalytic activity of the selenium-containing scFv phage abzyme could be increased 17%. This study might be helpful for new haptens or antigens design to optimize the abzymes with high binding activities and might also provide a novel scheme for GPX mimic candidates for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Pengju Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Jiaojiao Nie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Qi Zhao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau Macau China
| | - Shanshan Guan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Ziyu Kuai
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Yongbo Qiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Ying Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Yuhua Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Wei Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Yaming Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
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