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Wang Z, Liu Z, Wang J, Zhao D, Wei J, Peng Y, Miao L. Characterizing algal-bacterial symbiotic biofilms: Insights into coexistence of algae and anaerobic microorganisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:130966. [PMID: 38876287 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
This study constructed an integrated algae/partial nitrification/anammox biofilm system and operated it for 240 days. The total nitrogen removal efficiency exceeded 90 %. The structure, compositions, and function of this symbiotic biofilm, which played a pivotal role in the system, were analyzed in detail. Microscope photos and fluorescence in situ hybridization both showed that bacteria and algae were well integrated. The dissolved oxygen gradient further confirmed that different functional microorganisms grew at varying depths within biofilm. Algae formed an oxygen-producing zone (0-0.48 mm), followed by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) consuming oxygen to form an oxygen-consuming zone (0.48-0.86 mm), and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) removed nitrogen in anaerobic zone (>0.86 mm). Chlorella, Nitrosomonas and Candidatus_Kuenenia were identified as the dominant algae, AOB and AnAOB, with relative abundances of 11.80 %, 19.77 % and 3.07 %, respectively. This layered biofilm benefitted providing a suitable environment for various microorganisms to survive within a complex biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR. China
| | - Zuocheng Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR. China
| | - Jinlong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Daotong Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR. China
| | - Junchi Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR. China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Lei Miao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR. China.
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Ji Y, Wang C, He L, Chen X, Wang J, Zhang X, Du Q. Comparison of ozone-based AOPs on the removal of organic matter from the secondary biochemical effluent of coking wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:1943-1955. [PMID: 36511617 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2158759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on ozone are gaining continuously growing popularity in wastewater treatment. This study explored the treatment of coking wastewater using a combination of ozonation (O3), ultraviolet (UV), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) process expressed by % chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, % total organic carbon (TOC), % UV254, % fluorescence intensity removal and its electrical energy consumption. The obtained results demonstrated that, the combination of O3, UV, and H2O2 which is denoted by O3/UV/H2O2 in this study achieved great success in COD removal (92.08%), TOC removal (78.25%), and reduction of fluorescence intensity (99.82%). Compared with the O3 and O3/UV processes, O3/UV/H2O2 improved the COD removal by approximately 54-69% and 38-51%, respectively. In addition, the energy consumption was reduced by 53-67%. The TOC removal rate in the effluent ranged 71% and 83%, while the UV254 removal rate was up to 90%. The fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the O3/UV/H2O2 combination process reduced the fluorescence intensity by almost 97% within 10 min. Furthermore, the total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration in the effluent was less than 10μg/L (removal efficiency > 80%) and the most toxic benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) was less than 0.03 μg/L (0.018μg/L). In addition, the energy consumption of the O3/UV/H2O2 process was 53-67% lower than those of O3 and O3/UV processes. Furthermore, the energy consumption was 80.26 kWh m-3 after 60 min of reaction time when the COD (69.3 mg/L) met the standard discharge. Finally, the O3/UV/H2O2 process could be an effective method for improving the mineralisation of refractory organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxian Ji
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrong Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei He
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Chen
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbang Du
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Zhu S, Deng J, Jin X, Wu H, Wei C, Qiu G, Preis S, Wei C. Diverse and distinct bacterial community involved in a full-scale A/O1/H/O2 combination of bioreactors with simultaneous decarbonation and denitrogenation of coking wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:2103-2117. [PMID: 35930152 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Taking into account difficulties in exhaustive simultaneous decarbonation and denitrogenation in biological treatment of coking wastewater (CWW), a novel full-scale CWW biological treatment sequentially combining anaerobic, aerobic, hydrolytic, and aerobic reactors (A/O1/H/O2) was designed performing excellent removal of carbon-containing pollutants in the bioreactors A and O1, while the nitrogen-containing compounds in the bioreactors H and O2. To provide an effective tool for the CWW treatment monitoring and control, the succession of microbial community in this unique toxic CWW habitat should be established and characterized in detail. The results of 16S rRNA genes revealed Acidobacteria dominating in the unique CWW habitat. The dominant groups in bioreactors A and O1 include Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Acidobacteria, while Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, and Planctomycetes dominate in reactors H and O2. The genera of Rhodoplanes, Bacillus, and Leucobacter are rich in genes responsible for the xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism pathway. The Mantel test and PCA results showed the microbial communities of A/O1/H/O2 sequence correlating strongly with SRT, and COD load and removal. The co-occurrence network analysis indicated decarbonation and denitrogenation driven by two network modules having the keystone taxa belonging to the Comamonadaceae and Hyphomicrobiaceae families. The results significantly expanded the knowledge on the diversity, structure, and function of the CWW active sludge differentiating the relationships between bacterial communities and environmental variables in CWW treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsi Deng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobao Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haizhen Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglei Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Sergei Preis
- Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Yu L, Liu W, Liu L, Dong J, Han F, Chen Z, Hu D, Ge H, Wang H, Cui Y, Zhang W, Zou X, Zhang Y, Liu S, Zhao L. Removal of azimsulfuron and zoxamide using a tapered variable diameter biological fluidized bed combined with electrochemistry: Mass fraction division, energy metabolism activity and carbon emissions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126518. [PMID: 34896261 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The performance of the combination system of tapered variable diameter biological fluidized bed (TVDBFB) with electrochemistry (EC) was evaluated for removing azimsulfuron and zoxamide under different temperatures and influent concentrations. Maximum removal efficiency of azimsulfuron and zoxamide could reach 94% and 98% under higher influent concentration (about 780 mg/L). As temperature decreased from 32 ℃ to 8 ℃, the mSe increased from 48% to 56%, and the mSo and mSxv decreased from 30% to 22% and 27% to 24%, respectively. As the influent COD equivalent concentration of azimsulfuron and zoxamide enhanced from 260 mg/L to 780 mg/L, the Kd increased from 0.06 d-1 to 0.23 d-1. Temperature and influent concentration were main influencing factors of DHA, ATP and ETS. Increasing aeration in TVDBFB and HRT in EC under shock conditions could improve azimsulfuron and zoxamide removal efficiency, however, it was also accompanied by higher carbon emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Lixue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Jian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Fei Han
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Zhaobo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China.
| | - Dongxue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Hui Ge
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Hongcheng Wang
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Yubo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Xuejun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, HarBin 150030, PR China
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Longmei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
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Tamang M, Paul KK. Advances in treatment of coking wastewater - a state of art review. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:449-473. [PMID: 35050895 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coking wastewater poses a serious threat to the environment due to the presence of a wide spectrum of refractory substances such as phenolic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic nitrogenous compounds. These toxic substances are difficult to treat using conventional treatment methods alone. In recent years much attention has been given to the effective treatment of coking wastewater. Thus, this review seeks to provide a brief overview of recent developments that have taken place in the treatment of coking wastewater. In addition, this article addresses the complexity and the problems associated with treatment followed by a discussion on biological methods with special focus on bioaugmentation. As coking wastewater is refractory in nature, some of the studies have been related to improving the biodegradability of wastewater. The final section focuses on the integrated treatment methods that have emerged as the best solution for tackling the highly unmanageable coking wastewater. Attention has also been given to emerging microwave technology which has tremendous potential for treatment of coking wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Tamang
- Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India E-mail:
| | - Kakoli Karar Paul
- Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India E-mail:
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Ofman P, Skoczko I, Włodarczyk-Makuła M. Biosorption of LMW PAHs on activated sludge aerobic granules under varying BOD loading rate conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126332. [PMID: 34118540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons belong to the main priority substances for the aquatic environment. One of the emission sources of these compounds to environment is wastewater discharged from conventional wastewater treatment systems, which are not designed to cope with this type of pollution. Thus, due to the widely discussed properties of aerobic granular activated sludge in the literature - a conducted study has proven its ability to remove LMW PAHs (naphthalene (Nap), acenaphthylene (Acy), acenaphthene (Ace), fluorene (Flu), phenanthrene (Phe) and anthracene (Ant)) from wastewater by biosorption process at varying loadings of organic compounds expressed as BOD (kg/kg·d) on the activated sludge mass. The maximum biosorption of Nap was 605 µg/kgd.m., Acy equals to 134 µg/kgd.m., Ace equals to 355 µg/kgd.m. Flu equals to 104 µg/kgd.m. Phe equal to 204 µg/kgd.m. and Ant equal to 173 µg/kgd.m. The study showed that the BOD loading rate is one of the factors affecting the biosorption process of LMW PAHs. However, as the amount of adsorbed LMW PAHs increased, the condition of aerobic granular activated sludge deteriorated, which was evidenced by gradual increase in the values of technological parameters of activated sludge (SVI, HRT, SRT) and a smaller increase in activated sludge dry mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Ofman
- Bialystok University of Technology, 45 Wiejska Str., 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Iwona Skoczko
- Bialystok University of Technology, 45 Wiejska Str., 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
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Yu L, Chen Z, Hu D, Ge H, Liu L, Liu Z, Liu H, Cui Y, Zhang W, Zou X, Zhang Y, Zhu Q. A novel low temperature aerobic technology with electrochemistry for treating pesticide wastewater: Compliance rate, mathematical models, economic and environmental benefit analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125285. [PMID: 34051570 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel combination system of the tapered variable diameter biological fluidized bed (TVDBFB) with electrochemistry (EC) has been developed and its performances are investigated at different seasons. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency of TVDBFB increased from 61% to 67% and compliance rate increased from 84% to 88% when the carrier packing rate increased from 15% to 30% and temperature was 12 ℃. However, COD removal efficiency and compliance rate increased to 87% and 100% when EC was a post treatment unit. The mathematical models could fit well with the attached biomass, which can be applied to reflect and predict the biomass per unit carrier under different conditions, and the EC removal of COD follow the first-order reaction kinetic model. The economic and environmental benefit analysis indicated that TVDBFB and EC were feasible for treating pesticide wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Zhaobo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Dongxue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China.
| | - Hui Ge
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Lixue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Shandong Provincial Academy of Architectural Science Co., Ltd, 29 Wuyingshan Street, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Shandong Provincial Academy of Architectural Science Co., Ltd, 29 Wuyingshan Street, Jinan 250000, PR China
| | - Yubo Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Xuejun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe Road West, Dalian Economic and Technological Development Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, HarBin 150030, PR China
| | - Qiankun Zhu
- Technology Center of Dalian Customs, 58 Lianshan Road, Shahekou Zone, Dalian 116600, PR China
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Gbenou TRS, Fopah-Lele A, Wang K. Recent Status and Prospects on Thermochemical Heat Storage Processes and Applications. ENTROPY 2021; 23:e23080953. [PMID: 34441093 PMCID: PMC8394121 DOI: 10.3390/e23080953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent contributions to thermochemical heat storage (TCHS) technology have been reviewed and have revealed that there are four main branches whose mastery could significantly contribute to the field. These are the control of the processes to store or release heat, a perfect understanding and designing of the materials used for each storage process, the good sizing of the reactor, and the mastery of the whole system connected to design an efficient system. The above-mentioned fields constitute a very complex area of investigation, and most of the works focus on one of the branches to deepen their research. For this purpose, significant contributions have been and continue to be made. However, the technology is still not mature, and, up to now, no definitive, efficient, autonomous, practical, and commercial TCHS device is available. This paper highlights several issues that impede the maturity of the technology. These are the limited number of research works dedicated to the topic, the simulation results that are too illusory and impossible to implement in real prototypes, the incomplete analysis of the proposed works (simulation works without experimentation or experimentations without prior simulation study), and the endless problem of heat and mass transfer limitation. This paper provides insights and recommendations to better analyze and solve the problems that still challenge the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armand Fopah-Lele
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon;
| | - Kejian Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;
- Correspondence:
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