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Rodrigues EL, Santana LF, do Nascimento VA, Arakaki MA, Cardoso CAL, Filiú WFDO, Guimarães RDCA, Hiane PA, Freitas KDC. Use of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. Stem Bark Extracts to Prevent High-Fat Diet Induced Metabolic Disorders in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8889. [PMID: 39201576 PMCID: PMC11354271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with ethanolic and aqueous extracts from the bark of the stem of Guazuma ulmifolia in mice submitted to a high-fat diet as well as to evaluate the chemical composition of these extracts. The chemical composition and antioxidant potential was evaluated in aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the stem bark. The in vivo test consisted of evaluating the effects of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the stem bark on C57BL/6 mice receiving a high-fat diet. The animals were evaluated for weight gain, feed consumption, visceral adiposity, serum, and inflammatory and hormonal parameters. The results of the chemical analyses corroborate those obtained by the literature, which reported gallocatechin, epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin gallate. Compared with the ethanolic extract, the aqueous extract showed greater antioxidant capacity. Both extracts resulted in lower feed consumption in the animals, but they did not influence weight gain or visceral adiposity and resulted in varied changes in the lipid profile. In addition, they did not influence glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, or fasting blood glucose. Furthermore, the leptin levels increased, which may have contributed to satiety, but this was shown to have a negative impact on other inflammatory and hormonal parameters. Therefore, under the conditions of this study, the biologically active compounds present in the plant species Guazuma ulmifolia were not able to contribute to the treatment of metabolic changes related to the consumption of a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisana Lima Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (E.L.R.); (V.A.d.N.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (K.d.C.F.)
| | | | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (E.L.R.); (V.A.d.N.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (K.d.C.F.)
| | - Marcel Asato Arakaki
- Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | | | - Wander Fernando de Oliveira Filiú
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79079-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (E.L.R.); (V.A.d.N.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (K.d.C.F.)
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (E.L.R.); (V.A.d.N.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (K.d.C.F.)
| | - Karine de Cássia Freitas
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul-UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (E.L.R.); (V.A.d.N.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (P.A.H.); (K.d.C.F.)
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Yang L, Jiang Z, Yang L, Zheng W, Chen Y, Qu F, Crabbe MJC, Zhang Y, Andersen ME, Zheng Y, Qu W. Disinfection Byproducts of Haloacetaldehydes Disrupt Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Induce Lipotoxicity in High-Fat Culture Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12356-12367. [PMID: 38953388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c11009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Unhealthy lifestyles, obesity, and environmental pollutants are strongly correlated with the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Haloacetaldehyde-associated disinfection byproducts (HAL-DBPs) at various multiples of concentrations found in finished drinking water together with high-fat (HF) were examined to gauge their mixed effects on hepatic lipid metabolism. Using new alternative methods (NAMs), studying effects in human cells in vitro for risk assessment, we investigated the combined effects of HF and HAL-DBPs on hepatic lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity in immortalized LO-2 human hepatocytes. Coexposure of HAL-DBPs at various multiples of environmental exposure levels with HF increased the levels of triglycerides, interfered with de novo lipogenesis, enhanced fatty acid oxidation, and inhibited the secretion of very low-density lipoproteins. Lipid accumulation caused by the coexposure of HAL-DBPs and HF also resulted in more severe lipotoxicity in these cells. Our results using an in vitro NAM-based method provide novel insights into metabolic reprogramming in hepatocytes due to coexposure of HF and HAL-DBPs and strongly suggest that the risk of NAFLD in sensitive populations due to HAL-DBPs and poor lifestyle deserves further investigation both with laboratory and epidemiological tools. We also discuss how results from our studies could be used in health risk assessments for HAL-DBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhiqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fei Qu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - M James C Crabbe
- Wolfson College, Oxford University, Oxford OX2 6UD, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science & Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, U.K
| | - Yubin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Melvin E Andersen
- ScitoVation, LLC, 6 Davis Drive, Suite 146, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27713, United States
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Weidong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Demirel S. Vasorelaxant effects of biochemical constituents of various medicinal plants and their benefits in diabetes. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:1122-1141. [PMID: 38983824 PMCID: PMC11229960 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial function plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular health, and dysfunction in this context diminishes vasorelaxation concomitant with endothelial activity. The nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway, prostacyclin-cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway, inhibition of phosphodiesterase, and the opening of potassium channels, coupled with the reduction of calcium levels in the cell, constitute critical mechanisms governing vasorelaxation. Cardiovascular disease stands as a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among individuals with diabetes, with adults afflicted by diabetes exhibiting a heightened cardiovascular risk compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. A plethora of medicinal plants, characterized by potent pharmacological effects and minimal side effects, holds promise in addressing these concerns. In this review, we delineate various medicinal plants and their respective biochemical constituents, showcasing concurrent vasorelaxant and anti-diabetic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadettin Demirel
- Medicine School, Physiology Department, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Türkiye
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Paul S, Pallavi A, Gandasi NR. Exploring the potential of pheophorbide A, a chlorophyll-derived compound in modulating GLUT for maintaining glucose homeostasis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1330058. [PMID: 38529398 PMCID: PMC10961331 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1330058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pheophorbide A, a chlorophyll-breakdown product, is primarily investigated for its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Recent reports on pheophorbide A have shown its potential in lowering blood glucose levels, thus leading to the exploration of its use in diabetes management. Literature has also shown its effect on enhanced insulin secretion, whereas its mechanism on glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic β cells remains unexplored. Methods In-silico and in-vitro investigations were used to explore the effect of pheophorbide A on class I glucose transporters (GLUTs). In-silico studies include - Molecular docking studies and stability assessment using GROMACS. In-vitro studies include - MTT assay, Glucose uptake assay, Live-cell imaging and tracking of GLUTs in presence of Pheophorbide A compared to control. Results Molecular docking studies revealed better binding affinity of pheophorbide A with GLUT4 (-11.2 Kcal/mol) and GLUT1 (-10.7 Kcal/mol) when compared with metformin (-5.0 Kcal/mol and -4.9 Kcal/mol, respectively). Glucose levels are largely regulated by GLUTs where GLUT1 is one of the transporters that is ubiquitously present in human β cells. Thus, we confirmed the stability of the complex, that is, pheophorbide A-GLUT1 using GROMACS for 100 ns. We further assessed its effect on a pancreatic β cell line (INS-1) for its viability using an MTT assay. Pheophorbide A (0.1-1 µM) showed a dose-dependent response on cell viability and was comparable to standard metformin. To assess how pheophorbide A mechanistically acts on GLUT1 in pancreatic β cell, we transfected INS-1 cells with GLUT1-enhanced green fluorescent protein and checked how the treatment of pheophorbide A (0.50 µM) modulates GLUT1 trafficking using live-cell imaging. We observed a significant increase in GLUT1 density when treated with pheophorbide A (0.442 ± 0.01 µm-2) at 20 mM glucose concentration when compared to GLUT1 control (0.234 ± 0.01 µm-2) and metformin (0.296 ± 0.02 µm-2). The average speed and distance travelled by GLUT1 puncta were observed to decrease when treated with pheophorbide A. The present study also demonstrated the potential of pheophorbide A to enhance glucose uptake in β cells. Conclusion The current study's findings were validated by in-silico and cellular analyses, suggesting that pheophorbide A may regulate GLUT1 and might be regarded as a potential lead for boosting the GSIS pathway, thus maintaining glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptadipa Paul
- Cell Metabolism Lab (GA-08), Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics (DBG), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, India
| | - Anuma Pallavi
- Cell Metabolism Lab (GA-08), Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics (DBG), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, India
| | - Nikhil R. Gandasi
- Cell Metabolism Lab (GA-08), Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics (DBG), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, India
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Chukiatsiri S, Wongsrangsap N, Ratanabunyong S, Choowongkomon K. In Vitro Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential of Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala Fruit Extract. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:plants12010112. [PMID: 36616242 PMCID: PMC9824712 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex global public health condition. Medicinal plants are significant resources in the research of alternative new drug active compounds. Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala (C. nervosum) is an indigenous berry fruit widely grown in Southeast Asia. The fruit of C. nervosum exhibit various medicinal properties and health benefits. This study aimed to investigate antidiabetic properties of C. nervosum fruit extract by in vitro assays and in vitro models. C. nervosum fruit extracted using three different solvents (hexane, ethanol, and distilled water) were tested for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, followed by glucose uptake in HepG2 and L6 myoblasts. Lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells treated with C. nervosum fruit extracts was then examined. The results revealed that ethanolic extract of C. nervosum fruit showed better inhibition against α-amylase (IC50 of 0.42 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 of 0.23 μg/mL) compared with other extracts. Furthermore, ethanolic extract showed higher glucose uptake potential than the standard antidiabetic drug, metformin, in HepG2 cells. The ethanolic extracts resulted in enhanced glucose utilization in L6 myoblasts compared to untreated control. All extractions showed no significantly increased lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells compared to the untreated control cells. The investigation confirmed that the ethanolic extract exhibited the highest antidiabetic activity among all extracts. These results imply that C. nervosum fruit extract has antidiabetic properties and therefore they may be used as useful therapeutic agents for treating diabetes.
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Kurek JM, Zielińska-Wasielica J, Kowalska K, Krejpcio Z, Olejnik A. Modulating effects of steviol and steviol glycosides on adipogenesis, lipogenesis, glucose uptake and insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocyte model. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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De Jesus A, Keyhani-Nejad F, Pusec CM, Goodman L, Geier JA, Stoolman JS, Stanczyk PJ, Nguyen T, Xu K, Suresh KV, Chen Y, Rodriguez AE, Shapiro JS, Chang HC, Chen C, Shah KP, Ben-Sahra I, Layden BT, Chandel NS, Weinberg SE, Ardehali H. Hexokinase 1 cellular localization regulates the metabolic fate of glucose. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1261-1277.e9. [PMID: 35305311 PMCID: PMC8995391 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The product of hexokinase (HK) enzymes, glucose-6-phosphate, can be metabolized through glycolysis or directed to alternative metabolic routes, such as the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) to generate anabolic intermediates. HK1 contains an N-terminal mitochondrial binding domain (MBD), but its physiologic significance remains unclear. To elucidate the effect of HK1 mitochondrial dissociation on cellular metabolism, we generated mice lacking the HK1 MBD (ΔE1HK1). These mice produced a hyper-inflammatory response when challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Additionally, there was decreased glucose flux below the level of GAPDH and increased upstream flux through the PPP. The glycolytic block below GAPDH is mediated by the binding of cytosolic HK1 with S100A8/A9, resulting in GAPDH nitrosylation through iNOS. Additionally, human and mouse macrophages from conditions of low-grade inflammation, such as aging and diabetes, displayed increased cytosolic HK1 and reduced GAPDH activity. Our data indicate that HK1 mitochondrial binding alters glucose metabolism through regulation of GAPDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam De Jesus
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Farnaz Keyhani-Nejad
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Carolina M Pusec
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Lauren Goodman
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Justin A Geier
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Joshua S Stoolman
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Paulina J Stanczyk
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Tivoli Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Krishna V Suresh
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yihan Chen
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Arianne E Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jason S Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hsiang-Chun Chang
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Chunlei Chen
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kriti P Shah
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Issam Ben-Sahra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Brian T Layden
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Samuel E Weinberg
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Jiménez-Estrada M, Huerta-Reyes M, Tavera-Hernández R, Alvarado-Sansininea JJ, Alvarez AB. Contributions from Mexican Flora for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Molecules of Psacalium decompositum (A. Gray) H. Rob & Brettell. Molecules 2021; 26:2892. [PMID: 34068304 PMCID: PMC8153299 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is cited as a serious worldwide health problem that occupies second place in causes of annual mortality in Mexico. Among Mexican flora, nearly 300 plant species have been employed as hypoglycemic in popular use. Thus, their study entertains great relevance In this context, this work contributes a clear and timely review of the plant species utilized in Traditional Mexican Medicine and experimental biological models in which not only have the hypoglycemic properties of the extracts and the isolated compounds been considered, but also the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, taking into account an integral focus based on the complex mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and physiopathology of DM. Among the species reviewed, we highlight Psacalium decompositum (Asteraceae), due to the potent hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity of the sesquiterpenes identified as majority compounds isolated from the root, such as cacalol and cacalone that also possess the capacity of increasing insulin levels. In this manner, the present manuscript attempts to contribute necessary information for the future study of bioactive molecules that are useful in the treatment of DM, as well as also being a contribution to the knowledge and diffusion of Mexican Traditional Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Jiménez-Estrada
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (J.J.A.-S.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Maira Huerta-Reyes
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico;
| | - Rosario Tavera-Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (J.J.A.-S.); (A.B.A.)
| | - J. Javier Alvarado-Sansininea
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (J.J.A.-S.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Ana Berenice Alvarez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, Mexico; (R.T.-H.); (J.J.A.-S.); (A.B.A.)
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Pascoe-González S, Ramos-Zavala MG, Buenrostro Ahued MA, Hernández-González SO, Cardona-Muñoz EG, García-Benavides L, Grover-Páez F. Administration of Herbarium Mixture ( Guazuma ulmifolia/Tecoma stans) on Metabolic Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Med Food 2020; 24:527-532. [PMID: 32955964 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of herbarium mixture has been empirical, and the properties are not yet known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral administration of herbarium mixture (Guazuma ulmifolia [G. ulmifolia]/Tecoma stans [T. stans]) on metabolic profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was carried out in 40 patients with T2DM. They were between 40 and 65 years of age, with body mass index (BMI) between 25.0 and 34.9 kg/m2 and HbA1c >7.0%. BMI, waist circumference, fasting glucose, HbA1c, lipids, kidney, and liver function were measured. The patients were randomly assigned to receive the herbarium mixture (G. ulmifolia/T. stans) 400 mg before each meal, or placebo for 90 days. Herbarium mixture group showed decreased waist circumference (99 ± 14 vs. 98 ± 15 cm; P = .019), fasting glucose (12.0 ± 5.7 vs. 10.3 ± 5.1 mM; P = .019), and HbA1c (9.9% ± 2.7% vs. 8.9% ± 2.5%, P = .002). In conclusion, the administration of herbarium mixture (G. ulmifolia/T. stans) improved the glycemic profile in patients with T2DM. ClinicalTrial registration: NCT03313856 ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pascoe-González
- Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Ramos-Zavala
- Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Miguel Angel Buenrostro Ahued
- Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Sandra Ofelia Hernández-González
- Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Specialties Hospital, Medical Unit of High Specialty, West National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Germán Cardona-Muñoz
- Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Leonel García-Benavides
- Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Fernando Grover-Páez
- Department of Physiology, Health Science University Center, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Assessment of Gastrointestinal Parasites and Productive Parameters on Sheep Fed on a Ration Supplemented with Guazuma ulmifolia Leaves in Southern Mexico. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091617. [PMID: 32927686 PMCID: PMC7552337 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infections represent a serious problem in small ruminant production. This issue is currently potentiated by anthelmintic resistance. Thus, the need for more sustainable control alternatives has increased during recent decades. The use of bioactive forages with condensed tannins (CTs) has shown encouraging results. The local Mexican plant Guazuma ulmifolia is cited in ethnoveterinary studies and naturally selected by sheep (Pelibuey breed). G. ulmifolia contains a certain amount of CTs. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the impact of G. ulmifolia in sheep diet on animal performance and GI parasites eggs/oocysts excretion. Twenty-two sheep were randomly distributed into two groups: a control group without G. ulmifolia and a test group receiving a diet which contained G. ulmifolia fresh foliage at 30% of the total diet dry matter. For 30 days, weight, body condition, and GI parasite load were assessed. The results showed no significant anthelmintic and anticoccidial effects (p > 0.05) as well as inconsistent impact on live weight during the 30-days experiment. Nevertheless, considering the bromatological analysis of G. ulmifolia, its use as a diet supplement to adjust protein and calcium deficits of poor-quality forage is justified. Abstract This study aimed at evaluating the impact of a diet supplemented with Guazuma ulmifolia leaves on the productive performance and gastrointestinal parasites (GI) eggs/oocysts shedding of sheep (Pelibuey breed). Twenty-two non-lactating ewes were used. They were randomly allocated to two similar groups in terms of age, weight, body condition score (BCS), and GI parasites status. For 30 days, while the control group (G0) was given basic forage hay of Cynodon nlemfuensis, the test group (G1) received a blend of G. ulmifolia fresh foliage and C. nlemfuensis hay (respectively 30 and 70% of the diet on a DM basis). Animals were housed in separate covered pens. Quantitative coprological analysis was performed. Weight and BCS were evaluated. The daily feed amounts given and refused were measured in order to assess nutrient components intake (minerals, energy, and nitrogen). The results showed no significant differences between G1 and G0 regarding the anthelmintic and anticoccidial effects (p = 0.57, p = 0.91, respectively). Similarly, no significant overall impact on weight and BCS during the experiment (p = 0.77, p = 0.32, respectively) was observed. Nevertheless, concerning the bromatological analysis of G. ulmifolia, its use as a diet supplement to address protein and mineral deficits due to a poor-quality diet is fully justified.
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Héliès-Toussaint C, Fouché E, Naud N, Blas-Y-Estrada F, Del Socorro Santos-Diaz M, Nègre-Salvayre A, Barba de la Rosa AP, Guéraud F. Opuntia cladode powders inhibit adipogenesis in 3 T3-F442A adipocytes and a high-fat-diet rat model by modifying metabolic parameters and favouring faecal fat excretion. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:33. [PMID: 32024512 PMCID: PMC7076822 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2824-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a major public health concern worldwide. A sedentary life and a nutritional transition to processed foods and high-calorie diets are contributing factors to obesity. The demand for nutraceutical foods, such as herbal weight-loss products, which offer the potential to counteract obesity, has consequently increased. We hypothesised that Opuntia cladodes consumption could assist weight management in an obesity prevention context. Methods This study was designed to explore the anti-adipogenic effects of lyophilised Opuntia cladode powders (OCP) in an in vitro cellular model for adipocyte differentiation and an in vivo high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity rat model. Two OCP were tested, one from wild species O. streptacantha and the second from the most known species O. ficus-indica. Results Pre-adipocytes 3 T3-F442A were treated by OCP during the differentiation process by insulin. OCP treatment impaired the differentiation in adipocytes, as supported by the decreased triglyceride content and a low glucose uptake, which remained comparable to that observed in undifferentiated controls, suggesting that an anti-adipogenic effect was exerted by OCP. Sprague–Dawley rats were fed with a normal or HFD, supplemented or not with OCP for 8 weeks. OCP treatment slightly reduced body weight gain, liver and abdominal fat weights, improved some obesity-related metabolic parameters and increased triglyceride excretion in the faeces. Taken together, these results showed that OCP might contribute to reduce adipogenesis and fat storage in a HFD context, notably by promoting the faecal excretion of fats. Conclusions Opuntia cladodes may be used as a dietary supplement or potential therapeutic agent in diet-based therapies for weight management to prevent obesity. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Héliès-Toussaint
- INRA, ToxAlim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Edwin Fouché
- INRA, ToxAlim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Naud
- INRA, ToxAlim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Blas-Y-Estrada
- INRA, ToxAlim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Maria Del Socorro Santos-Diaz
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado (CienciasQuímicas), UniversidadAutónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Anne Nègre-Salvayre
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Françoise Guéraud
- INRA, ToxAlim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Phytochemicals and biological activities of mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.): A review. Food Res Int 2019; 126:108713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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de Giffoni de Carvalho JT, da Silva Baldivia D, Leite DF, de Araújo LCA, de Toledo Espindola PP, Antunes KA, Rocha PS, de Picoli Souza K, dos Santos EL. Medicinal Plants from Brazilian Cerrado: Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential and Protection against Chemotherapy Toxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3685264. [PMID: 31534620 PMCID: PMC6732650 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3685264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The use of natural antioxidants in cancer therapy has increased: first, due to the potential of natural antioxidants to kill tumour cells and second, because of their capacity to protect healthy cells from the damage caused by chemotherapy. This review article discusses the antioxidant properties of extracts obtained from medicinal plants from the Brazilian Cerrado and the cell death profile induced by each of these extracts in malignant cells. Next, we describe the capacity of other medicinal plants from the Cerrado to protect against chemotherapy-induced cell toxicity. Finally, we focus on recent insights into the cell death profile induced by extracts from Cerrado plants and perspectives for future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Débora da Silva Baldivia
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ferreira Leite
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Laura Costa Alves de Araújo
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | | | - Katia Avila Antunes
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Paola Santos Rocha
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Edson Lucas dos Santos
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospecting Applied to Metabolism, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
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Zielińska-Wasielica J, Olejnik A, Kowalska K, Olkowicz M, Dembczyński R. Elderberry ( Sambucus nigra L.) Fruit Extract Alleviates Oxidative Stress, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammation in Hypertrophied 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Activated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Foods 2019; 8:E326. [PMID: 31398785 PMCID: PMC6724042 DOI: 10.3390/foods8080326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation in hypertrophied adipose tissue with excessive fat accumulation play a crucial role in the development of obesity and accompanying metabolic dysfunctions. This study demonstrated the capacity of elderberry fruit (EDB) extract to decrease the elevated production of reactive oxygen species in hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Treatment with the EDB extract resulted in modulation of mRNA expression and protein secretion of key adipokines in hypertrophied adipocytes. Expression of leptin and adiponectin was, respectively, down- and up-regulated. Moreover, glucose uptake stimulation was noticed in mature adipocytes, both sensitive to insulin and insulin resistant. This may suggest a positive effect of EDB extract on insulin resistance status. The extract was also found to alleviate the inflammatory response in activated RAW 264.7 macrophages by down-regulating the expression of proinflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, iNOS) and suppressing the enhanced production of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, PGE2, NO). In vitro experiments showed that the EDB extract could inhibit digestive enzymes, including α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase, leading to reduced intestinal absorption of dietary lipids and carbohydrates. Further in vivo studies could be postulated to support EDB as a functional food component for the prevention and treatment of obesity and metabolic-immune comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Zielińska-Wasielica
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Olejnik
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kowalska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariola Olkowicz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Radosław Dembczyński
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
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Characterization of mutamba (Guazuma ulmifolia LAM.) fruit flour and development of bread. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Teixeira N, Melo JC, Batista LF, Paula-Souza J, Fronza P, Brandão MG. Edible fruits from Brazilian biodiversity: A review on their sensorial characteristics versus bioactivity as tool to select research. Food Res Int 2019; 119:325-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sim SY, Shin YE, Kim HK. Fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida has anti-diabetic effects by stimulation of glucose uptake and reduction of basal lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Nutr Res 2019; 65:54-62. [PMID: 30952503 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown seaweeds, has been shown to reduce blood glucose levels and improve insulin sensitivity in mice. We investigated the effects of fucoidan on lipid accumulation, lipolysis, and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells to test the hypothesis that fucoidan exerts an anti-diabetic function by acting directly on adipocytes. The 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida. Oil Red O staining and AdipoRed assay were used to determine lipid accumulation during adipocyte differentiation. Fucoidan was shown to reduce lipid accumulation and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity in a dose-dependent manner (P < .01). The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a major transcription factor associated with adipocyte differentiation, was also suppressed upon treatment with fucoidan. Treatment with fucoidan stimulated glucose uptake in normal adipocytes and restored insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in obesity-induced insulin resistant adipocytes, which were made by incubating hypertrophied 3T3-L1 cells with the conditioned media of RAW 264.7 macrophages (RAW-CM) (P < .01). In the presence of RAW-CM, fucoidan enhanced epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis but reduced basal lipolysis, as determined by non-esterified fatty acid into the culture medium (P < .001). These results suggest that fucoidan may have anti-diabetic effects by improving insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and inhibiting basal lipolysis in adipocytes without inducing adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Yi Sim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ye-Eun Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye-Kyeong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea.
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Relationship of phenolic composition of selected purple maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes with their anti-inflammatory, anti-adipogenic and anti-diabetic potential. Food Chem 2019; 289:739-750. [PMID: 30955674 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the associations between phenolic composition of selected purple maize genotypes and their anti-inflammatory, anti-adipogenic and anti-diabetic properties in vitro. Anthocyanin-rich water extracts (PMWs) from 20 purple maize genotypes were evaluated in RAW 264.7 macrophages and 3T3-L1 adipocytes under different conditions. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pr3G), peonidin-3-O-glucoside (P3G) and corresponding acylated forms were major anthocyanins in PMW, accompanied by ten tentatively identified non-anthocyanin phenolics. Correlation studies showed that C3G, P3G, and derivatives, but not Pr3G and its acylated form contributed to the biological properties of PMW. Besides anthocyanins, quercetin, luteolin, and rutin were the dominant anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic components, in terms of down-regulating pro-inflammatory mediator production in inflamed macrophages and adipocytes, modulating diabetes-related key enzymes and improving insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant adipocytes. Quercetin and phenolic acids, especially vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid, were closely associated with anti-adipogenic properties of PMW via inhibition of the preadipocyte-adipocyte transition.
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Anthocyanins from colored maize ameliorated the inflammatory paracrine interplay between macrophages and adipocytes through regulation of NF-κB and JNK-dependent MAPK pathways. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Mata R, Figueroa M, Navarrete A, Rivero-Cruz I. Chemistry and Biology of Selected Mexican Medicinal Plants. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 108:1-142. [PMID: 30924013 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01099-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are an integral element of alternative medical care in Mexico, and the best testimony to their efficacy and cultural value is their persistence in contemporary Mexican marketplaces where the highest percentages of medicinal and aromatic plants are sold. This chapter summarizes current trends in research on medicinal plants in Mexico, with emphasis on work carried out at the authors' laboratories. The most relevant phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of a selected group of plants used widely for treating major national health problems are described.From this contribution, it is evident that in the last five decades a significant amount of research on medicinal plants has been performed by Mexican scientists. Such efforts have led to the publication of many research papers in noted peer-reviewed journals and technical books. The isolation and structural characterization of hundreds of bioactive secondary metabolites have been accomplished, and most importantly, these studies have tended to support the ethnomedical uses of many different species. A multidisciplinary approach for investigating these plants has led to an increased emphasis on areas such as phytopharmacology, phytotoxicology, quality control, regulation, and conservation issues for these valuable resources. The medicinal plants analyzed so far have shown a very broad chemical diversity of their constituents, which have a high potential for exhibiting novel mechanistic effects biologically. The chapter shows also that there is need to conduct additional clinical studies on herbal drugs, in particular because the longstanding traditional evidence for their safety is not always sufficient to assure their rational use. There is also need to move to "omics" approaches for investigating the holistic effect and the influence of groups of phytochemicals on the whole organism. Mexican scientists may be expected to have bright prospects in this regard, which will imbue medicinal plant research with a new dynamism in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Mata
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Andrés Navarrete
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Isabel Rivero-Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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In Vitro Investigation of Potential Anti-Diabetic Activity of the Corm Extract of Hypoxis Argentea Harv. Ex Baker. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2018; 68:389-407. [PMID: 31259706 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2018-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The corms of Hypoxis argentea are widely used as a traditional remedy for diabetes mellitus in South Africa. In this study, we investigated the effects of non-toxic concentrations (12.5-100 μg mL-1) of the aqueous extract of H. argentea (HAA) corms on glucose uptake, pancreatic beta cell proliferation, and adipocyte differentiation. HAA stimulated glucose uptake in HepG2 cells up to 19.6 % and 17.0 % in L6 myotubes. Live-cell imaging microscopy revealed significant increases (p < 0.001) in total INS-1 cell numbers exposed to HAA, although no effect was observed on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. HAA produced weak to moderate inhibition of porcine pancreatic α-amylase, α-glucosidase, porcine pancreatic lipase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) activities, as well as protein glycation. Our results suggest that the acclaimed anti-diabetic effects of H. argentea could be mediated by its promotion of glucose utilization and preservation of pancreatic beta cell populations while preventing fat accumulation in adipocytes.
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Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. Decreases Oxidative Stress in Blood Cells and Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2935051. [PMID: 30050650 PMCID: PMC6046128 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2935051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an efficient chemotherapeutic agent, but its clinical application is limited by its cardiotoxicity associated with increased oxidative stress. Thus, the combination of DOX and antioxidants has been encouraged. In this study, we evaluated (I) the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of aqueous extracts from Guazuma ulmifolia stem bark (GUEsb) and leaves (GUEl) in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride- (AAPH-) or DOX-induced lipid peroxidation inhibition in human blood cells, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification using the fluorescent probe dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) in K562 erythroleukemia cells incubated with GUEsb and stimulated with hydrogen peroxide; (II) the viability of K562 cells and human leukocytes treated with GUEsb in the absence or presence of DOX using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; (III) the acute toxicity of GUEsb; and (IV) the cardioprotective effect of GUEsb in C57Bl/6 mice treated with DOX. The chemical composition indicated the presence of flavan-3-ol derivatives and condensed tannins in GUEsb and glycosylated flavonoids in GUEl. GUEsb and GUEl showed free-radical scavenging antioxidant activity, antihemolytic activity, and AAPH- as well as DOX-induced malondialdehyde content reduction in human erythrocytes. Based on its higher antioxidant potential, GUEsb was selected and subsequently showed intracellular ROS reduction without impairing the chemotherapeutic activity of DOX in K562 cells or inducing leukocyte cell death, but protected them against DOX-induced cell death. Yet, GUEsb did not show in vivo acute toxicity, and it prevented MDA generation in the cardiac tissue of DOX-treated mice, thus demonstrating its cardioprotective effect. Taken together, the results show that GUEsb and GUEl are natural alternatives to treat diseases associated with oxidative stress and that, in particular, GUEsb may play an adjuvant role in DOX chemotherapy.
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Luna-Vital D, Weiss M, Gonzalez de Mejia E. Anthocyanins from Purple Corn Ameliorated Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via Activation of Insulin Signaling and Enhanced GLUT4 Translocation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28759152 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The aim was to compare the effect of an anthocyanin-rich extract from purple corn pericarp (PCW) and pure anthocyanins on adipogenesis, inflammation, and insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes on basal and inflammatory conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS Preadipocytes (3T3-L1) were treated during differentiation with or without PCW. Differentiated adipocytes were treated either individually or in combination with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and PCW, or pure C3G, Pr3G, P3G. PCW reduced preadipocyte differentiation (IC50 = 0.4 mg/mL). PCW and pure anthocyanins including C3G reduced fatty acid synthase enzymatic activity. PCW reduced TNF-α-dependent inflammatory status increasing adiponectin (39%), and decreasing leptin (-79%). PCW and C3G increased glucose uptake and reduced reactive oxygen species generation in insulin resistant adipocytes. An increase in phosphorylation was observed in AKT, IKK, and MEK, and a decrease in IRS and mTOR activating the insulin receptor-associated pathway. PCW (7.5-fold) and C3G (6.3-fold) enhanced GLUT4 membrane translocation compared to insulin resistant adipocytes. CONCLUSION Anthocyanins from colored corn prevented adipocyte differentiation, lipid accumulation, and reduced PPAR-γ transcriptional activity on adipocytes in basal conditions. Ameliorated TNF-α-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in adipocytes via activation of insulin signaling and enhanced GLUT4 translocation suggesting a reduced hyperglycemia associated with the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Luna-Vital
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Matthew Weiss
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Laguna-Hernández G, Rio-Zamorano CA, Meneses-Ochoa IG, Brechú-Franco AE. Histochemistry and immunolocalisation of glucokinin in antidiabetic plants used in traditional Mexican medicine. Eur J Histochem 2017; 61:2782. [PMID: 28735523 PMCID: PMC5484011 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2017.2782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mexico is a megadiverse country that has 3,600 to 4,000 species of medicinal plants, of which approximately 800 are used to treat conditions related to diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is a chronic degenerative disease of energy metabolism that exists as two types: type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). DM is considered a public health problem that affects 7% of the Mexican population older than 20 years. DM is clinically controlled with hypoglycaemic drugs, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, insulin secretion stimulants or the direct application of insulin. The hypoglycaemic effectiveness of specific molecules has been determined only for some medicinal plants in Mexico used to treat DM2. The presence of molecules called glucokinins, wich are similar to animal insulin molecules, has been reported in some plant species; glucokinins act as both growth factors and regulators of glucose metabolism in plants. Therefore, we hypothesized that the hypoglycaemic effectiveness of some of the popularly used species for the control of DM could be due to the presence of glucokinin, as reported for Bauhinia variegata. The goal of this work was to use histochemistry to detect, the accumulation of protein that is immunocytochemically compatible with glucokinin in slide sections of hypoglycaemic species used as remedies for DM2. The top fourteen most used medicinal plants in Mexico were selected for study via microscopic sections. Proteins were histochemically detected using naphthol blue black and Johansen's quadruple stain, and the immunocytochemical correspondence of the proteins with glucokinin was investigated using an insulin antibody. All species studied reacted positively to proteins and glucokinin in the same structures. The presence of glucokinin in these structures and the corresponding hypoglycaemic effects are discussed in the contex of the actions of other compounds.
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Yang N, Sun RB, Chen XL, Zhen L, Ge C, Zhao YQ, He J, Geng JL, Guo JH, Yu XY, Fei F, Feng SQ, Zhu XX, Wang HB, Fu FH, Aa JY, Wang GJ. In vitro assessment of the glucose-lowering effects of berberrubine-9-O-β-D-glucuronide, an active metabolite of berberrubine. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:351-361. [PMID: 28042874 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberrubine (BRB) is the primary metabolite of berberine (BBR) that has shown a stronger glucose-lowering effect than BBR in vivo. On the other hand, BRB is quickly and extensively metabolized into berberrubine-9-O-β-D-glucuronide (BRBG) in rats after oral administration. In this study we compared the pharmacokinetic properties of BRB and BRBG in rats, and explored the mechanisms underlying their glucose-lowering activities. C57BL/6 mice with HFD-induced hyperglycemia were administered BRB (50 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig) for 6 weeks, which caused greater reduction in the plasma glucose levels than those caused by BBR (120 mg·kg-1·d-1) or BRB (25 mg·kg-1·d-1). In addition, BRB dose-dependently decreased the activity of α-glucosidase in gut of the mice. After oral administration of BRB in rats, the exposures of BRBG in plasma at 3 different dosages (10, 40, 80 mg/kg) and in urine at different time intervals (0-4, 4-10, 10-24 h) were dramatically greater than those of BRB. In order to determine the effectiveness of BRBG in reducing glucose levels, we prepared BRBG from the urine pool of rats, and identified and confirmed it through LC-MS-IT-TOF and NMR spectra. In human normal liver cell line L-O2 in vitro, treatment with BRB or BRBG (5, 20, 50 μmol/L) increased glucose consumption, enhanced glycogenesis, stimulated the uptake of the glucose analog 2-NBDG, and modulated the mRNA levels of glucose-6-phosphatase and hexokinase. However, both BBR and BRB improved 2-NBDG uptake in insulin-resistant L-O2 cells, while BRBG has no effect. In conclusion, BRB exerts a stronger glucose-lowering effect than BBR in HFD-induced hyperglycemia mice. Although BRB significantly stimulated the insulin sensitivity and glycolysis in vitro, BRBG may have a greater contribution to the glucose-lowering effect because it has much greater system exposure than BRB after oral administration of BRB. The results suggest that BRBG is a potential agent for reducing glucose levels.
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Karthika V, Arumugam A, Gopinath K, Kaleeswarran P, Govindarajan M, Alharbi NS, Kadaikunnan S, Khaled JM, Benelli G. Guazuma ulmifolia bark-synthesized Ag, Au and Ag/Au alloy nanoparticles: Photocatalytic potential, DNA/protein interactions, anticancer activity and toxicity against 14 species of microbial pathogens. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 167:189-199. [PMID: 28076823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we focused on a quick and green method to fabricate Ag, Au and Ag/Au alloy nanoparticles (NPs) using the bark extract of Guazuma ulmifolia L. Green synthesized metal NPs were characterized using different techniques, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, AFM and HR-TEM analyses. The production of Ag, Au and Ag/Au alloy NPs was observed monitoring color change from colorless to brown, followed by pink and dark brown, as confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy characteristic peaks at 436, 522 and 510nm, respectively. TEM shed light on the spherical shapes of NPs with size ranges of 10-15, 20-25 and 10-20nm. Biosynthesized NPs showed good catalytic activity reducing two organic dyes, 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and Congo red (CR). UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence, circular dichroism spectroscopy and viscosity analyses were used to investigate the NP binding with calf thymus DNA. The binding constant of NPs with DNA calculated in UV-Vis absorption studies were 1.18×104, 1.83×104 and 2.91×104M-1, respectively, indicating that NPs were able to bind DNA with variable binding affinity: Ag/Au alloy NPs>Ag NPs>Au NPs. Ag/Au alloy NPs also showed binding activity to bovine serum albumin (BSA) over the other NPs. Ag and Ag/Au alloy NPs exhibited good antimicrobial activity on 14 species of microbial pathogens. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of Ag/Au alloy NPs were studied on human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) using MTT assay. Overall, our work showed the promising potential of bark-synthesized Ag and Ag/Au alloy NPs as cheap sources to develop novel and safer photocatalytic, antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Karthika
- Bio-nanomaterials Lab, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-03, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ayyakannu Arumugam
- Department of Botany, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-03, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kasi Gopinath
- Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-46, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Periyannan Kaleeswarran
- Bio-nanomaterials Lab, Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-03, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marimuthu Govindarajan
- Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shine Kadaikunnan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal M Khaled
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Cercato LM, White PAS, Nampo FK, Santos MRV, Camargo EA. A systematic review of medicinal plants used for weight loss in Brazil: Is there potential for obesity treatment? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 176:286-96. [PMID: 26520790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Obesity is a pandemic disease and its prevalence is still increasing. Moreover, it has important costs to public health. In Brazil, many plants are used for weight loss by overweight or obese people, but there is a lack of scientific basis for this practice. Many ethnobotanical studies aiming to characterize this usage have been published, but they are still limited by the region considered and the diversity of the popular knowledge. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was undertaken to systematically review the ethnobotanical surveys regarding the species utilized to reduce body weight in overweight or obese people in Brazil. METHODS Ethnobotanical surveys related to this usage and performed in Brazilian regions were systematically found in MEDLINE, LILACS and Scopus. RESULTS Thirty-three studies were included in this review. Fifty species were popularly utilized to lose weight. The most cited species were Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC, Annona muricata L. and Hancornia speciosa Gomes. Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. were also cited and are supported by either animal or human investigations that indicate some beneficial activity against obesity. However, for the majority of species cited in the included studies, there is no scientific basis that assures the biological effects of this usage. Many studies have demonstrated important effects of these plants on glycemia, serum lipid levels or body weight control in non-obese conditions, which is not sufficient to recommend the use of these plants to reduce body weight in overweight or obese people. CONCLUSIONS Although many plants are popularly used to reduce weight in overweight or obese people in Brazil, there is little scientific evidence corroborating its usage. Based on the ethnobotanical data presented, this review indicates the plants that should be considered for scientifically controlled studies devoted to investigating their effects on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana M Cercato
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Pollyanna A S White
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Fernando K Nampo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Márcio R V Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Enilton A Camargo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil.
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Domínguez F, Zapata-Morales JR, Carranza-Álvarez C. Plants used in the traditional medicine of Mesoamerica (Mexico and Central America) and the Caribbean for the treatment of obesity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 175:335-345. [PMID: 26410815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Obesity is a worldwide medical concern. New ethnobotanical information regarding the antiobesity effect of medicinal plants has been obtained in the last 30 years in response to socio-demographic changes and high-fat diets became common. AIM OF THE STUDY This review provides a summary of medicinal plants used in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean for the empirical treatment of obesity in terms of ethnobotany, toxicity, pharmacology, conservation status, trade and chemistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bibliographic investigation was performed by analyzing recognized books, undergraduate and postgraduate theses and peer-reviewed scientific articles, consulting worldwide accepted scientific databases from the last four decades. Medicinal plants used for the treatment of obesity were classified in two categories: (1) plants with pharmacological evidence and (2) plants without pharmacological evidence. RESULTS A total of 139 plant species, belonging to 61 families, native to Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean that are used for the empirical treatment of obesity were recorded. From these plants, 33 were investigated in scientific studies, and 106 plants lacked scientific investigation. Medicinal plants were experimentally studied in vitro (21 plants) and in vivo (16 plants). A total of 4 compounds isolated from medicinal plants used for the empirical treatment of obesity have been tested in vitro (2 compounds) and in vivo (4 compounds) studies. No clinical trials on obese subjects (BMI>30 kg/m(2)) have been performed using the medicinal plants cited in this review. There are no herbal-based products approved in Mexico for the treatment of obesity. CONCLUSIONS There are a limited number of scientific studies published on medicinal plants from Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean used for the treatment of obesity. This review highlights the need to perform pharmacological, phytochemical, toxicological and ethnobotanical studies with medicinal flora to obtain new antiobesity agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Cerro de la Venada S/N, Col. Pueblito de Rocha, C.P. 36040 Guanajuato, México.
| | - Fabiola Domínguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, México
| | - Juan Ramón Zapata-Morales
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Cerro de la Venada S/N, Col. Pueblito de Rocha, C.P. 36040 Guanajuato, México
| | - Candy Carranza-Álvarez
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí, México
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Silva ACM, Dos Santos MP, de França SA, da Silva VC, da Silva LE, de Figueiredo US, Dall'Oglio EL, Júnior PTDS, Lopes CF, Baviera AM, Kawashita NH. Acute and subchronic antihyperglycemic activities of Bowdichia virgilioides roots in non-diabetic and diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE RESEARCH 2015; 4:57-63. [PMID: 26401386 PMCID: PMC4566756 DOI: 10.5455/jice.20141028022407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the acute and subchronic antihyperglycemic effects of methanolic extract of Bowdichia virgilioides root bark of B. virgilioides in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The extract (100, 250 or 500 mg/kg) was orally administered to male Wistar diabetic (STZ, 42 mg/kg i.v.) and non-diabetic rats into two main protocols: (i) subchronic experiments, where animals were treated for 21 days with B. virgilioides extract and the following parameters were evaluated: Body weight, fluid and food intake (determined daily), urinary glucose and urea (every 3 days) and glycemia (every 5 days). At the end of the experimental period, skeletal muscles (extensor digitorum longus [EDL] and soleus), retroperitoneal and epididymal white adipose tissues were collected and weighed; liver samples were used for the determination of the lipid and glycogen contents; (ii) acute experiments, which evaluated the alterations on fasting and post-prandial glycemia and on glucose tolerance using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Results: In subchronic experiments, the treatment with B. virgilioides extract did not change any parameter evaluated in diabetic and non-diabetic animals. On fasting and post-prandial glycemia, the extract treatment did not promote changes in the glycemia values in diabetic or non-diabetic animals. In OGTT, the treatment with 500 mg/kg B. virgilioides extract reduced the hyperglycemia peak after a glucose overload, when compared with non-treated diabetic animals, resulting in a lower area under curve. Conclusion: The results of our work indicate that B. virgilioides root extract promotes an acute antihyperglycemic effect in STZ-diabetic rats; this effect probably occurs through an inhibition of the intestinal glucose absorption. The continuity of the research is necessary to elucidate these possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luiz Everson da Silva
- Department of Science Education, Federal University of Paraná, Coastal Sector, Matinhos, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carbene França Lopes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nair Honda Kawashita
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
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Gulati V, Gulati P, Harding IH, Palombo EA. Exploring the anti-diabetic potential of Australian Aboriginal and Indian Ayurvedic plant extracts using cell-based assays. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:8. [PMID: 25652009 PMCID: PMC4328078 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-derived compounds have been used clinically to treat type 2 diabetes for many years as they also exert additional beneficial effects on various other disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible mechanism of anti-diabetic activity of twelve (seven Australian Aboriginal and five Indian Ayurvedic) plant extracts. METHODS The ethanolic plant extracts were investigated for glucose uptake and adipogenesis in murine 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Cytotoxicity studies were also carried out against two cancerous cell lines, HeLa and A549, to investigate the potential anti-cancer activities of the extracts. RESULTS Of the seven Australian Aboriginal plant extracts tested, only Acacia kempeana and Santalum spicatum stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes. Among the five Indian Ayurvedic plant extracts, only Curculigo orchioides enhanced glucose uptake. With respect to adipogenesis, the Australian plants Acacia tetragonophylla, Beyeria leshnaultii and Euphorbia drumondii and the Indian plants Pterocarpus marsupium, Andrographis paniculata and Curculigo orchioides reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocytes. Extracts of Acacia kempeana and Acacia tetragonophylla showed potent and specific activity against HeLa cells. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the plant extracts exert their anti-diabetic properties by different mechanisms, including the stimulation of glucose uptake in adipocytes, inhibition of adipogenesis or both. Apart from their anti-diabetic activities, some of the extracts have potential for the development of chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Gulati
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Pankaj Gulati
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Ian H Harding
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Enzo A Palombo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia.
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Preserved Na/HCO3 cotransporter sensitivity to insulin may promote hypertension in metabolic syndrome. Kidney Int 2014; 87:535-42. [PMID: 25354240 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia can contribute to hypertension through effects on sodium transport. To test whether the stimulatory effect of insulin on renal proximal tubule sodium transport is preserved in insulin resistance, we compared the effects of insulin on abdominal adipocytes and proximal tubules in rats and humans. Insulin markedly stimulated the sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter (NBCe1) activity in isolated proximal tubules through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) pathway. Gene silencing in rats showed that while insulin receptor substrate (IRS)1 mediates the insulin effect on glucose uptake into adipocytes, IRS2 mediates the insulin effect on proximal tubule transport. The stimulatory effect of insulin on glucose uptake into adipocytes was severely reduced, but its stimulatory effect on NBCe1 activity was completely preserved in insulin-resistant Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and patients with insulin resistance. Despite widespread reduction of IRS1 and IRS2 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues, IRS2 expression in the kidney cortex was exceptionally preserved in both OLETF rats and patients with insulin resistance. Unlike liver, acute insulin injection failed to change the expression levels of IRS2 and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 in rat kidney cortex, indicating that regulatory mechanisms of IRS2 expression are distinct in liver and kidney. Thus, preserved stimulation of proximal tubule transport through the insulin/IRS2/PI3-K pathway may play an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Is bisphenol S a safe substitute for bisphenol A in terms of metabolic function? An in vitro study. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 280:224-35. [PMID: 25111128 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
As bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to induce adverse effects on human health, especially through the activation of endocrine pathways, it is about to be withdrawn from the European market and replaced by analogues such as bisphenol S (BPS). However, toxicological data on BPS is scarce, and so it is necessary to evaluate the possible effects of this compound on human health. We compared the effect of BPA and BPS on obesity and hepatic steatosis processes using low doses in the same range as those found in the environment. Two in vitro models were used, the adipose cell line 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells, representative of hepatic functions. We analyzed different parameters such as lipid and glucose uptakes, lipolysis, leptin production and the modulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism and energy balance. BPA and BPS induced an increase in the lipid content in the 3T3-L1 cell line and more moderately in the hepatic cells. We also observed a decrease in lipolysis after bisphenol treatment of adipocytes, but only BPS was involved in the increase in glucose uptake and leptin production. These latter effects could be linked to the modulation of SREBP-1c, PPARγ, aP2 and ERRα and γ genes after exposure to BPA, whereas BPS seems to target the PGC1α and the ERRγ genes. The findings suggest that both BPA and BPS could be involved in obesity and steatosis processes, but through two different metabolic pathways.
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Salazar-Olivo LA, Mejia-Elizondo R, Alonso-Castro AJ, Ponce-Noyola P, Maldonado-Lagunas V, Melendez-Zajgla J, Saavedra-Alanis VM. SerpinA3g participates in the antiadipogenesis and insulin-resistance induced by tumor necrosis factor-α in 3T3-F442A cells. Cytokine 2014; 69:180-8. [PMID: 24973688 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a proven modulator of adipose metabolism, but the mechanisms by which this cytokine affects the development and function of adipose tissue have not been fully elucidated to date. Using differential display analysis, in this study, we demonstrate that gene expression of the serine protease inhibitor A3g (SerpinA3g) is specifically induced in 3T3-F442A preadipocytes by TNF-α but not by other adipogenic inhibitors, such as retinoic acid (RA) or transforming growth factor type beta (TGF-β). The specific induction of SerpinA3g by TNF-α was confirmed by RT-PCR in both preadipose and terminally differentiated 3T3-F442A cells. The knockdown of SerpinA3g using small interfering RNA prevented the antiadipogenesis elicited by TNF-α in 3T3-F442A cells but not the antiadipogenesis induced by RA or TGF-β. SerpinA3g-silenced 3T3-F442A cells also did not display TNF-α-induced insulin resistance. Our results demonstrate that SerpinA3g is specifically induced by TNF-α in 3T3-F442A cells, regardless of their stage of differentiation, and participates in the antiadipogenesis and insulin resistance induced by this cytokine. Our results suggest that SerpinA3g plays a role in the TNF-α modulation of adipose tissue development and metabolism. Additional studies are warranted regarding the mechanisms mediating adipose SerpinA3g effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Salazar-Olivo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Molecular Biology Division, San Luis Potosí, México.
| | - Rebeca Mejia-Elizondo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Molecular Biology Division, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Molecular Biology Division, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Patricia Ponce-Noyola
- Universidad de Guanajuato, Department of Biology, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, Guanajuato, México
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Eddouks M, Bidi A, El Bouhali B, Hajji L, Zeggwagh NA. Antidiabetic plants improving insulin sensitivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 66:1197-214. [PMID: 24730446 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing at an alarming rate. This chronic pathology gravely troubled the human health and quality of life. Both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance are involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. Moreover, insulin resistance is being diagnosed nowadays in a growing population of diabetic and obese patients, especially in industrialized societies. There are lots of conventional agents available to control and to treat diabetes, but total recovery from this disorder has not been reported up to this date. Plants provided a potential source of hypoglycemic drugs and are widely used in several traditional systems of medicine to prevent diabetes. A few reviews with less attention paid to mechanisms of action have been published on antidiabetic plants. OBJECTIVES The present review focuses on the various plants that have been reported to be effective in improving insulin sensitivity associated with diabetes. KEY FINDINGS In this work, an updated systematic review of the published literature has been conducted to review the antidiabetic plants improving insulin sensitivity and 111 medicinal plants have been reported to have a beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity using several in-vitro and in-vivo animal models of diabetes. CONCLUSION The different metabolic and cellular effects of the antidiabetic plants improving insulin sensitivity are reported indicating the important role of medicinal plants as potential alternative or complementary use in controlling insulin resistance associated with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Eddouks
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University, Errachidia, Morocco
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El-Abhar HS, Schaalan MF. Phytotherapy in diabetes: Review on potential mechanistic perspectives. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:176-197. [PMID: 24748931 PMCID: PMC3990312 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i2.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widely spread epidemic disease that results from the absence of insulin, decreased secretion and/or impaired function. Since DM is a multi-factorial disease, the available pharmaceuticals, despite their sensible treatment, target mostly one pathway to control hyperglycemia and encounter several side effects. Therefore, new therapeutic paradigms aim to hit several pathways using only one agent. Traditionally, antidiabetic plants and/or their active constituents may fulfill this need. More than 200 species of plants possess antidiabetic properties which were evaluated mostly by screening tests without digging far for the exact mode of action. Searching among the different literature resources and various database and in view of the above aspects, the present article provides a comprehensive review on the available antidiabetic plants that have been approved by pharmacological and clinical evaluations, and which their mechanism(s) of action is assured. These plants are categorized according to their proved mode of action and are classified into those that act by inhibiting glucose absorption from intestine, increasing insulin secretion from the pancreas, inhibiting glucose production from hepatocytes, or enhancing glucose uptake by adipose and muscle tissues. The current review also highlights those that mimic in their action the new peptide analogs, such as exenatide, liraglutide and dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors that increase glucagon-like peptide-1 serum concentration and slow down the gastric emptying.
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Zapata-Bustos R, Alonso-Castro AJ, Gómez-Sánchez M, Salazar-Olivo LA. Ibervillea sonorae (Cucurbitaceae) induces the glucose uptake in human adipocytes by activating a PI3K-independent pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 152:546-552. [PMID: 24534528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene (Cucurbitaceae), a plant used for the empirical treatment of type 2 diabetes in México, exerts antidiabetic effects on animal models but its mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the antidiabetic mechanism of an Ibervillea sonorae aqueous extract (ISE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-toxic ISE concentrations were assayed on the glucose uptake by insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant murine and human cultured adipocytes, both in the absence or the presence of insulin signaling pathway inhibitors, and on murine and human adipogenesis. Chemical composition of ISE was examined by spectrophotometric and HPLC techniques. RESULTS ISE stimulated the 2-NBDGlucose uptake by mature adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. ISE 50 µg/ml induced the 2-NBDG uptake in insulin-sensitive 3T3-F442A, 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes by 100%, 63% and 33%, compared to insulin control. Inhibitors for the insulin receptor, PI3K, AKT and GLUT4 blocked the 2-NBDG uptake in murine cells, but human adipocytes were insensitive to the PI3K inhibitor Wortmannin. ISE 50 µg/ml also stimulated the 2-NBDG uptake in insulin-resistant adipocytes by 117% (3T3-F442A), 83% (3T3-L1) and 48% (human). ISE induced 3T3-F442A adipogenesis but lacked proadipogenic effects on 3T3-L1 and human preadipocytes. Chemical analyses showed the presence of phenolics in ISE, mainly an appreciable concentration of gallic acid. CONCLUSION Ibervillea sonorae exerts its antidiabetic properties by means of hydrosoluble compounds stimulating the glucose uptake in human preadipocytes by a PI3K-independent pathway and without proadipogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Zapata-Bustos
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a secc., San Luis Potosí 76216, Mexico
| | - Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a secc., San Luis Potosí 76216, Mexico
| | | | - Luis A Salazar-Olivo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a secc., San Luis Potosí 76216, Mexico.
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Cheng KC, Asakawa A, Li YX, Chung HH, Amitani H, Ueki T, Cheng JT, Inui A. Silymarin induces insulin resistance through an increase of phosphatase and tensin homolog in Wistar rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e84550. [PMID: 24404172 PMCID: PMC3880317 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a phosphoinositide phosphatase that regulates crucial cellular functions, including insulin signaling, lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as survival and apoptosis. Silymarin is the active ingredient in milk thistle and exerts numerous effects through the activation of PTEN. However, the effect of silymarin on the development of insulin resistance remains unknown. METHODS Wistar rats fed fructose-rich chow or normal chow were administered oral silymarin to identify the development of insulin resistance using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemic- euglycemic clamping. Changes in PTEN expression in skeletal muscle and liver were compared using western blotting analysis. Further investigation was performed in L6 cells to check the expression of PTEN and insulin-related signals. PTEN deletion in L6 cells was achieved by small interfering ribonucleic acid transfection. RESULTS Oral administration of silymarin at a dose of 200 mg/kg once daily induced insulin resistance in normal rats and enhanced insulin resistance in fructose-rich chow-fed rats. An increase of PTEN expression was observed in the skeletal muscle and liver of rats with insulin resistance. A decrease in the phosphorylation of Akt in L6 myotube cells, which was maintained in a high-glucose condition, was also observed. Treatment with silymarin aggravated high-glucose-induced insulin resistance. Deletion of PTEN in L6 cells reversed silymarin-induced impaired insulin signaling and glucose uptake. CONCLUSIONS Silymarin has the ability to disrupt insulin signaling through increased PTEN expression. Therefore, silymarin should be used carefully in type-2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Asakawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ying-Xiao Li
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hsien-Hui Chung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Haruka Amitani
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Ueki
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine. Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Juei-Tang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Akio Inui
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Zapata-Bustos R, Gómez-Espinoza G, Salazar-Olivo LA. Isoorientin reverts TNF-α-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes activating the insulin signaling pathway. Endocrinology 2012; 153:5222-30. [PMID: 22948221 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Isoorientin (ISO) is a plant C-glycosylflavonoid with purported antidiabetic effects but unexplored mechanisms of action. To gain insight into its antidiabetic mechanisms, we assayed nontoxic ISO concentrations on the 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake by murine 3T3-F442A and human sc adipocytes. In insulin-sensitive adipocytes, ISO stimulated the 2-NBDG uptake by 210% (murine) and 67% (human), compared with insulin treatment. Notably, ISO also induced 2-NBDG uptake in murine (139%) and human (60%) adipocytes made resistant to insulin by treatment with TNF-α, compared with the incorporation induced in these cells by rosiglitazone. ISO induction of glucose uptake in adipocytes was abolished by inhibitors of the insulin signaling pathway. These inhibitors also blocked the proper phosphorylation of insulin signaling pathway components induced by ISO in both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant adipocytes. Additionally, ISO stimulated the transcription of genes encoding components of insulin signaling pathway in murine insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant adipocytes. In summary, we show here that ISO exerts its antidiabetic effects by activating the insulin signaling pathway in adipocytes, reverts the insulin resistance caused in these cells by TNF-α by stimulating the proper phosphorylation of proteins in this signaling pathway, and induces the expression of genes encoding these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Molecular Biology Division, San Luis Potosí, México
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Huang CH, Chen MF, Chung HH, Cheng JT. Antihyperglycemic effect of syringaldehyde in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1465-8. [PMID: 22880723 DOI: 10.1021/np3003723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The antihyperglycemic effect of syringaldehyde (1), purified from the stems of Hibiscus taiwanensis, was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats) showing type-1 like diabetes mellitus. Bolus intravenous injection of 1 showed antihyperglycemic activity in a dose-dependent manner in STZ-diabetic rats. An effective dose of 7.2 mg/kg of 1 attenuated significantly the increase of plasma glucose induced by an intravenous glucose challenge test in normal rats. A glucose uptake test showed that 1 exhibits an increase of glucose uptake activity in a concentration-related manner. Moreover, an effect by 1 was shown for insulin sensitivity in STZ-diabetic rats. The compound was found to increase insulin sensitivity in STZ-diabetic rats. These results suggest that syringaldehyde (1) can increase glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity to lower plasma glucose in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsin Huang
- Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture Executive, Taichung, Taiwan 40512
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Preliminary Assessment of the Chemical Stability of Dried Extracts from Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. (Sterculiaceae). Int J Anal Chem 2012; 2012:508945. [PMID: 22291706 PMCID: PMC3265066 DOI: 10.1155/2012/508945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the results of a preliminary estimation of the stability of the dried extract from bark of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. (“Mutamba”), with and without added colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD). The physical and chemical properties and the compatibility of CSD in the extract were evaluated for 21 days of storage under stress conditions of temperature (45 ± 2°C) and humidity (75 ± 5%). Thermogravimetry (TG) was supplemented using selective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for determination of stability of the characteristic constituents (chemical markers), namely, procyanidin B2 (PB2) and epicatechin (EP). The results showed that PB2 is an appropriate compound to be used as a chemical marker in the quality control of dried extracts of G. ulmifolia. The stress study showed that there was no significant difference between the two formulations. However, considering the TG data and the high temperatures involved, the results suggest that CSD increases the stability of the dried extract of G. ulmifolia.
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Jacobo-Salcedo MDR, Alonso-Castro AJ, Salazar-Olivo LA, Carranza-Alvarez C, González-Espíndola LÁ, Domínguez F, Maciel-Torres SP, García-Lujan C, González-Martínez MDR, Gómez-Sánchez M, Estrada-Castillón E, Zapata-Bustos R, Medellin-Milán P, García-Carrancá A. Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects of Mexican Medicinal Plants. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100601234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial effects of the Mexican medicinal plants Guazuma ulmifolia, Justicia spicigera, Opuntia joconostle, O. leucotricha, Parkinsonia aculeata, Phoradendron longifolium, P. serotinum, Psittacanthus calyculatus, Tecoma stans and Teucrium cubense were tested against several human multi-drug resistant pathogens, including three Gram (+) and five Gram (-) bacterial species and three fungal species using the disk-diffusion assay. The cytotoxicity of plant extracts on human cancer cell lines and human normal non-cancerous cells was also evaluated using the MTT assay. Phoradendron longifolium, Teucrium cubense, Opuntia joconostle, Tecoma stans and Guazuma ulmifolia showed potent antimicrobial effects against at least one multidrug-resistant microorganism (inhibition zone > 15 mm). Only Justicia spicigera and Phoradendron serotinum extracts exerted active cytotoxic effects on human breast cancer cells (IC50≤30 μg/mL). The results showed that Guazuma ulmifolia produced potent antimicrobial effects against Candida albicans and Acinetobacter lwoffii, whereas Justicia spicigera and Phoradendron serotinum exerted the highest toxic effects on MCF-7 and HeLa, respectively, which are human cancer cell lines. These three plant species may be important sources of antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria del Rosario Jacobo-Salcedo
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Articulo 123, Fraccionamiento Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio, Durango, 35010, México
| | - Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, D.F., México
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 México, D.F., México
| | - Luis A. Salazar-Olivo
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino San José 2055, San Luis Potosí, SLP, 78216, México
| | - Candy Carranza-Alvarez
- Agenda Ambiental de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Manuel Nava 201 tercer piso, Zona Universitaria, San Luís Potosí, San Luís Potosí, 78210, México
| | - Luis Ángel González-Espíndola
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Articulo 123, Fraccionamiento Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio, Durango, 35010, México
| | - Fabiola Domínguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, IMSS, Carretera Federal Atlixco-Metepec, 74360 Metepec, Puebla, México
| | - Sandra Patricia Maciel-Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Articulo 123, Fraccionamiento Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio, Durango, 35010, México
| | - Concepción García-Lujan
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Articulo 123, Fraccionamiento Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio, Durango, 35010, México
| | | | - Maricela Gómez-Sánchez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av de las Ciencias, 76230 Querétaro, México
| | - Eduardo Estrada-Castillón
- Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Carretera Km 145, 67700 Nuevo León, México
| | - Rocio Zapata-Bustos
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino San José 2055, San Luis Potosí, SLP, 78216, México
| | - Pedro Medellin-Milán
- Agenda Ambiental de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Avenida Manuel Nava 201 tercer piso, Zona Universitaria, San Luís Potosí, San Luís Potosí, 78210, México
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 México, D.F., México
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, D.F., México
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Zapata-Bustos R, Domínguez F, García-Carrancá A, Salazar-Olivo LA. Magnolia dealbata Zucc and its active principles honokiol and magnolol stimulate glucose uptake in murine and human adipocytes using the insulin-signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:926-933. [PMID: 21511450 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Revised: 01/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Some Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) species are used for the empirical treatment of diabetes mellitus, but the antidiabetic properties of Magnolia dealbata have not yet been experimentally validated. Here we report that an ethanolic extract of Magnolia dealbata seeds (MDE) and its active principles honokiol (HK) and magnolol (MG) induced the concentration-dependent 2-NBDG uptake in murine 3T3-F442A and human subcutaneous adipocytes. In insulin-sensitive adipocytes, MDE 50 μg/ml induced the 2-NBDG uptake by 30% respect to insulin, while HK and MG, 30 μM each, did it by 50% (murine) and 40% (human). The simultaneous application of HK and MG stimulated 2-NBDG uptake by 70% in hormone-sensitive cells, on which Magnolia preparations exerted synergic effects with insulin. In insulin-resistant adipocytes, MDE, HK and MG induced 2-NBDG uptake by 57%, 80% and 96% respect to Rosiglitazone (RGZ), whereas HK and MG simultaneously applied stimulated 2-NBDG uptake more efficiently than RGZ (120%) in both murine and human adipocytes. Inhibitors of the insulin-signaling pathway abolished the glucose uptake induced by Magnolia dealbata preparations, suggesting that their antidiabetic effects are mediated by this signaling pathway. In addition, MDE, HK and MG exerted only mild to moderate proadipogenic effects on 3T3-F442A and human preadipocytes, although the combined application of HK and MG markedly increased the lipid accumulation in both cell types. In summary, Magnolia dealbata and its active principles HK and MG stimulate glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant murine and human adipocytes using the insulin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
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Kim HK, Baek SS, Cho HY. Isolation of Intestinal Glucose Uptake Inhibitor from Punica granatum L. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.3746/jfn.2011.16.2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Zapata-Bustos R, Romo-Yañez J, Camarillo-Ledesma P, Gómez-Sánchez M, Salazar-Olivo LA. The antidiabetic plants Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth (Bignoniaceae) and Teucrium cubense Jacq (Lamiaceae) induce the incorporation of glucose in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant murine and human adipocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 127:1-6. [PMID: 19818843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 08/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth (Bignoniaceae) and Teucrium cubense Jacq (Lamiaceae) are plants extensively used for the empirical treatment of diabetes mellitus, but their antidiabetic mechanisms remain to be clarified. In this study, the effect of aqueous extracts of Tecoma stans (TSE) and Teucrium cubense (TCE) on the glucose uptake in adipose cells was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-toxic concentrations of TSE and TCE were assayed on the adipogenesis and 2-NBDglucose uptake in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant murine 3T3-F442A and human subcutaneous adipocytes. RESULTS Both extracts stimulated 2-NBDG uptake by insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. In insulin-sensitive cells, TSE 70 microg/ml stimulated 2-NBDG uptake by 193% (murine) and by 115% (human), whereas the same concentration of TCE induced the 2-NBDG uptake by 112% (murine) and 54% (human). In insulin-resistant adipocytes, TSE induced the 2-NBDG uptake by 94% (murine) and 70% (human), compared with the incorporation shown by insulin-sensitive adipocytes stimulated by the hormone, whereas TCE induced the incorporation of 2-NBDG by 69% (murine) and 31% (human). On the other hand, TSE and TCE exerted only minimal or null proadipogenic effects on murine and human preadipocytes. CONCLUSION Tecoma stans and Teucrium cubense exert their antidiabetic effects stimulating glucose uptake in both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant murine and human adipocytes without significant proadipogenic or antiadipogenic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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Lopes GC, Bruschi ML, Mello JCP. RP-LC-UV Determination of Proanthocyanidins in Guazuma ulmifolia. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-0990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Alonso-Castro AJ, Miranda-Torres AC, González-Chávez MM, Salazar-Olivo LA. Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol and its active compound, chlorogenic acid, stimulate 2-NBDglucose uptake in both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant 3T3 adipocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 120:458-464. [PMID: 18948178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Revised: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 09/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol (Cecropiaceae) is a plant extensively used for the empirical treatment of type 2 diabetes in México. Although some of its hypoglycemic principles have been described, their mechanisms of action remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the anti-diabetic mechanisms of Cecropia obtusifolia aqueous extract (CAE) and its active compound chlorogenic acid (CGA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-toxic concentrations of CAE and CGA were assayed on the adipogenesis and 2-NBDglucose uptake in 3T3-F442A murine adipocytes. RESULTS Added to adipogenic medium, CAE 70 microg/ml induced a modest increment (20%) in 3T3 adipogenesis whereas CGA did not affect adipogenesis at any of the tested concentrations (0.1-100 microM). Both preparations stimulated 2-NBDG uptake in adipocytes by 51% (CAE) and 176% (CGA) in the absence of insulin, and by 174% (CAE) and 404% (CGA) in the presence of the hormone. CAE and CGA also stimulated the 2-NBDG uptake in insulin-resistant 3T3 adipocytes by 35% and 141%, respectively, compared with the incorporation shown by insulin-sensitive adipocytes stimulated by the hormone. The potency of CGA to stimulate 2-NBDG uptake was comparable to the anti-diabetic drug rosiglitazone. CONCLUSION Cecropia obtusifolia and CGA exert their anti-diabetic effects stimulating glucose uptake in both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant adipocytes without appreciable pro-adipogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Josabad Alonso-Castro
- Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Biología Molecular, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
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