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Yu M, Cai CC, Huang YF, Zhu YD, Luo XY, Kong XY, Zhang WT, Li HJ, Fang JX, Zou ZM. A novel antidepressant homogeneous polysaccharide YLP-1 from Millettia pulchra ameliorates tryptophan metabolism and SCFAs through modulating gut microbiota. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 344:122527. [PMID: 39218534 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The root of Millettia pulchra (YLS) has been traditionally used as a folk medicine for the treatment of depression and insomnia in the Zhuang nationality of China, and its polysaccharides have potential antidepressant effect. In this study, a novel homogeneous polysaccharide (YLP-1) was purified from the crude polysaccharides of YLS, and it is mainly composed of glucose, arabinose and mannose with molar ratio of 87.25%, 10.77%, and 1.98%, respectively. YLP-1 is a novel α-glucan with the backbone of 1,4-Glcp and branched at C6 of 1,4,6-Glcp to combine 1,4-Manp and 1,5-Araf. The microstructure of YLP-1 displayed a uniform ellipsoidal-like chain morphology and dispersed uniformly in solution. YLP-1 effectively ameliorated depression-like ethological behaviors and restored the decreased catecholamine levels in chronic variable stress (CVS)-induced depression rats. Additionally, it significantly improved the disturbance of gut microbiota induced by CVS stimuli, particularly affecting bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as bacteria species Lactobacillus spp.. In vitro fermentation study further confirmed that YLP-1 intake could promote SCFAs production by Lactobacillus spp. YLP-1 also mitigated the disruption of tryptophan metabolites in urine and serum. These findings provide evidences for the further development of YLP-1 as a macromolecular antidepressant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cong-Cong Cai
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yun-Feng Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Yin-Di Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xin-Yao Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin-Yu Kong
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wen-Ting Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jing-Xian Fang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- The State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Gao S, Chen X, Yu Z, Du R, Chen B, Wang Y, Cai X, Xu J, Chen J, Duan H, Cai Y, Zheng G. Progress of research on the role of active ingredients of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium in liver injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154836. [PMID: 37119760 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver is a vital organ responsible for metabolizing and detoxifying both endogenous and exogenous substances in the body. However, it is susceptible to damage from chemical and natural toxins. The high incidence and mortality rates of liver disease and its associated complications impose a significant economic burden and survival pressure on patients and their families. Various liver diseases exist, including cholestasis, viral and non-viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, alcoholic liver injury, and severe end-stage liver diseases such as cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCA). Recent research has shown that flavonoids found in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP) have the potential to normalize blood glucose, cholesterol levels, and liver lipid levels. Additionally, these flavonoids exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, prevent oxidation and lipid peroxidation, and reduce liver toxicity, thereby preventing liver injury. Given these promising findings, it is essential to explore the potential of active components in CRP for developing new drugs to treat liver diseases. OBJECTIVE Recent studies have revealed that flavonoids, including hesperidin (HD), hesperetin (HT), naringenin (NIN), nobiletin (NOB), naringin (NRG), tangerine (TN), and erodcyol (ED), are the primary bioactive components in CRP. These flavonoids exhibit various therapeutic effects on liver injury, including anti-oxidative stress, anti-cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis, and anti-tumor mechanisms. In this review, we have summarized the research progress on the hepatoprotective effects of HD, HT, NIN, NOB, NRG, TN, ED and limonene (LIM), highlighting their underlying molecular mechanisms. Despite their promising effects, the current clinical application of these active ingredients in CRP has some limitations. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore the full potential of these flavonoids and develop new therapeutic strategies for liver diseases. METHODS For this review, we conducted a systematic search of three databases (ScienceNet, PubMed, and Science Direct) up to July 2022, using the search terms "CRP active ingredient," "liver injury," and "flavonoids." The search data followed the PRISMA standard. RESULTS Our findings indicate that flavonoids found in CRP can effectively reduce drug-induced liver injury, alcoholic liver injury, and non-alcoholic liver injury. These therapeutic effects are mainly attributed to the ability of flavonoids to improve liver resistance to oxidative stress and inflammation while normalizing cholesterol and liver lipid levels by exhibiting anti-free radical and anti-lipid peroxidation properties. CONCLUSION Our review provides new insights into the potential of active components in CRP for preventing and treating liver injury by regulating various molecular targets within different cell signaling pathways. This information can aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zhiqian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Rong Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Baizhong Chen
- Guangdong Xinbaotang Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Guangdong Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaoting Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiepei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Huiying Duan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Gan J, Guo L, Zhang X, Yu Q, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Zeng W, Jiang X, Guo M. Anti-inflammatory therapy of atherosclerosis: focusing on IKKβ. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:8. [PMID: 36823573 PMCID: PMC9951513 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation has been identified as a major contributor in the development of atherosclerosis. Nuclear Factor-κappa B (NF-κB) is a critical transcription factors family of the inflammatory pathway. As a major catalytic subunit of the IKK complex, IκB kinase β (IKKβ) drives canonical activation of NF-κB and is implicated in the link between inflammation and atherosclerosis, making it a promising therapeutic target. Various natural product derivatives, extracts, and synthetic, show anti-atherogenic potential by inhibiting IKKβ-mediated inflammation. This review focuses on the latest knowledge and current research landscape surrounding anti-atherosclerotic drugs that inhibit IKKβ. There will be more opportunities to fully understand the complex functions of IKKβ in atherogenesis and develop new effective therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Gan
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Guo
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qun Yu
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyue Yang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- grid.459559.10000 0004 9344 2915Oncology department, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Maojuan Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Dietary phytochemical consumption is inversely associated with liver alkaline phosphatase in Middle Eastern adults. World J Hepatol 2022. [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i5.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Darabi Z, Webb RJ, Mozaffari-Khosravi H, Mirzaei M, Davies IG, Khayyatzadeh SS, Mazidi M. Dietary phytochemical consumption is inversely associated with liver alkaline phosphatase in Middle Eastern adults. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1006-1015. [PMID: 35721289 PMCID: PMC9157700 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i5.1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hepatoprotective effects of phytochemicals are controversial. A dietary phytochemical index (DPI) has been suggested as an alternative method for quantifying the phytochemical content of foods.
AIM To assess the DPI in relation to liver function tests among a representative sample of Iranian adults.
METHODS A total of 5111 participants aged 35-70 years old were included in this cross-sectional study by a multistage cluster random sampling method. Dietary intakes were collected by a validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire with 121 items. DPI was calculated by the percent of daily energy intake taken from phytochemical-rich foods. Fasting serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were determined. Linear regression was used to investigate the association between DPI and levels of liver enzymes using crude and adjusted models.
RESULTS There was an inverse association between DPI score and serum ALP in the crude model (β = -0.05; P < 0.001). This association remained significant after adjustment for body mass index, age, smoking, energy intake, history of diabetes, and education (β = -0.03; P = 0.01). No significant associations were found between DPI score and serum levels of AST, ALT, and GGT. The individuals with the highest DPI scores consumed significantly higher amounts of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and cereals, yet were shown to have significantly higher serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as several other metabolic abnormalities.
CONCLUSION Higher adherence to phytochemical-rich foods was associated with lower levels of ALP, but no change in other liver enzymes. Those with higher DPI scores also consumed food items associated with a healthier overall dietary pattern; however, they also presented several unexpected metabolic derangements. Additional randomised trials are needed to better determine the effects of phytochemical-rich foods on liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Darabi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Richard James Webb
- School of Health Sciences, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool L16 9JD, United Kingdom
| | - Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoghi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ian Glynn Davies
- School of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, IM Marsh Campus, Barkhill Road, Liverpool L17 6AF, United Kingdom
| | - Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King’s college London, South Wing St Thomas', London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
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Oxidative Stress, Genomic Integrity, and Liver Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103159. [PMID: 35630636 PMCID: PMC9147071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess reactive oxygen species production and free radical formation can lead to oxidative stress that can damage cells, tissues, and organs. Cellular oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between ROS production and antioxidants. This imbalance can lead to malfunction or structure modification of major cellular molecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNAs. During oxidative stress conditions, DNA and protein structure modifications can lead to various diseases. Various antioxidant-specific gene expression and signal transduction pathways are activated during oxidative stress to maintain homeostasis and to protect organs from oxidative injury and damage. The liver is more vulnerable to oxidative conditions than other organs. Antioxidants, antioxidant-specific enzymes, and the regulation of the antioxidant responsive element (ARE) genes can act against chronic oxidative stress in the liver. ARE-mediated genes can act as the target site for averting/preventing liver diseases caused by oxidative stress. Identification of these ARE genes as markers will enable the early detection of liver diseases caused by oxidative conditions and help develop new therapeutic interventions. This literature review is focused on antioxidant-specific gene expression upon oxidative stress, the factors responsible for hepatic oxidative stress, liver response to redox signaling, oxidative stress and redox signaling in various liver diseases, and future aspects.
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Pereira CMC, Júnior GJD, Lima JVDN, Alves Lemos SI, da Rocha Rodrigues L, Dos Santos Ferreira J, Araújo ASML, de Oliveira JC, Monteiro CE, Franco ÁX, Pereira Alves EH, Oliveira Silva FG, de Carvalho Filgueiras M, Soares PMG, Pereira Vasconcelos DF, de Oliveira JS, de Brito TV, Barbosa ALR. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma participates in nimesulide-induced hepatic damage. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:496-504. [PMID: 33793830 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the participation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in the liver damage caused by nimesulide. METHODS Liver damage been induced by nimesulide. Mice were treated with either 2% dimethyl sulfoxide or AS605240, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma pathway antagonist. Blood samples were collected for function assays of liver. The liver was removed for analysis of liver weight/animal weight ratio, histopathological parameters, oxidative and nitrous stress, cytokine levels, and the immunostaining for cyclooxygenase 2 and nuclear factor kappa B. KEY FINDINGS Liver injured by nimesulide and treated with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma inhibitor significantly reversed (P < 0.05) the damage; it decreased the liver weight/animal weight ratio, histopathological scores, and neutrophil infiltration, consequently reducing oxidative stress. In addition, we show that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma is associated with hepatic damage induced by nimesulide, because it altered liver function and increased the protein immunostaining of cyclooxygenase 2 and nuclear factor kappa B in the liver tissue of nimesulide-treated animals. CONCLUSIONS The findings from the present study allows us to infer that nimesulide causes liver damage through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Maria C Pereira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Genilson José Dias Júnior
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - José Victor do N Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Sarah Izabelly Alves Lemos
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Lauanda da Rocha Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jayro Dos Santos Ferreira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Anna Sofia Miranda Loiola Araújo
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Joveline Costa de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Monteiro
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract (LEFFAG), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Xavier Franco
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract (LEFFAG), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Even Herlany Pereira Alves
- Laboratory of Analysis and Histological Processing (LAPHIS), Department of Biomedicine, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francisca Géssica Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract (LEFFAG), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Carvalho Filgueiras
- Laboratory of Muscle Morphology and Physiology (LAMFIM), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Pedro M G Soares
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology Study of Gastrointestinal Tract (LEFFAG), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Daniel Fernando Pereira Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Analysis and Histological Processing (LAPHIS), Department of Biomedicine, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jefferson Soares de Oliveira
- Biochemistry Laboratory of Laticifers Plants (LABPL), Department of Biomedicine, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Tarcisio Vieira de Brito
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Reis Barbosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology (LAFFEX), Department of Physioterapy, Federal University of the Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
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Altinok-Yipel F, Tekeli IO, Ozsoy SY, Guvenc M, Sayin S, Yipel M. Investigation of hepatoprotective effect of some algae species on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2020; 126:463-467. [PMID: 31855071 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1702062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate hepatoprotective effect of some algae species such as Spirulina platensis, Chlorella vulgaris, Laminaria japonica, Sargassum sp. on experimental acute hepatotoxicity model that induced with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Algaes at a dose of 200 mg/kg and Silymarin at a dose of 25 mg/kg were orally administered for 7 days followed by CCl4 at a single dose (0.5 ml/kg), at the 8th day to cause experimental acute hepatotoxicity. Levels of biochemical (AST, ALT etc.), lipid peroxidation (MDA), antioxidant (GSH, CAT, GPx) parameters and histopathological examination were carried out to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of algae. In Sp group ALT and ALP levels were significantly decreased compared with CCl4 (p < .05). Histological liver structures of Sp group were similar to the control group. MDA, GPx and CAT levels of Sp and La groups were significantly different compared with CCl4 (p < .05). Based on these results, algae species able to minimise the toxic effects of CCl4 and especially S. platensis could be used in the purpose of protection against chemical-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Altinok-Yipel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - I O Tekeli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - S Y Ozsoy
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - M Guvenc
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - S Sayin
- Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Iskenderun Tech. University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - M Yipel
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Yang Y, Ji J, Di L, Li J, Hu L, Qiao H, Wang L, Feng Y. Resource, chemical structure and activity of natural polysaccharides against alcoholic liver damages. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 241:116355. [PMID: 32507196 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many natural polysaccharides from bio-resources hold advantages of multi-functions, high efficiency, non-toxicity or low side effect, and have strong potentials in protection against alcoholic liver damages. This review summarized the bio-resources, chemical and structural characteristics of natural polysaccharides with potentials in inhibition against alcoholic liver damages, and also emphasized knowledge on correlations between their chemical structure and function. Approximately 95 species were confirmed in generation of hepatoprotective polysaccharides. Products as crude polysaccharides originated from 17 species were sum up despite the indetermination of their accurate structure. Additional four polysaccharides were described for their known chemical structures. Possible roles of hepatoprotective polysaccharides were provided with evidence on antioxidant promotion, lipids regulation, apoptosis inhibition and anti-inflammation, as well as confirmations in immune enhancement, iron removal and anti-fibrosis when currently treated against the alcoholic liver damages. To sum up, this overview could serve to guide development and utilization of natural hepatoprotective polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Jing Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Liuqing Di
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Junsong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Lihong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China
| | - Lingchong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210023, PR China; School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Altınok-Yipel F, Ozan Tekeli İ, Özsoy ŞY, Güvenç M, Kaya A, Yipel M. Hepatoprotective Activity of Linalool in Rats Against Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 90:302-308. [PMID: 30932786 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate and compare hepatoprotective activity of Coriandrum sativum (Cs) and it is major component linalool (Ln) against experimentally induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Essential oil of Cs was isolated by hydrodistillation method and chemical composition was determined by GS-MS analysis. 42 male Wistar Albino rats were divited into 7 groups each containing 6. The experimental groups were designed as: Normal control group, 1 ml/kg CCl4 administirated group, 25 mg/kg Silymarin and CCl4 administirated group, 100 and 200 mg/kg Cs and CCl4 administirated groups, 100 and 200 mg/kg Ln and CCl4 administered groups. The protective activities were determined according to the results of liver biomarkers (AST, ALT, ALP), antioxidant parameters (GSH, GPx, CAT), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and histopathological examination. Linalool percentage of Cs was 81.6%. The groups treated with linalool (100 and 200 mg/kg) (p < 0.01) and coriander (200 mg/kg) (p < 0.05) had significantly reduced AST (262-375) and ALT (101-290) levels (U/L) compared to the CCl4 (600-622) group. The levels (nmol/g protein) of MDA (11-12) were significantly lower (p < 0.01), the levels of GSH (11-12) and the activities of CAT (23-24) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in linalool groups (100 and 200 mg/kg) compared to the CCl4 (18-5-10 respectively) group. These results were also supported by histopathological findings and indicate that Cs and Ln shows hepatoprotective activity against liver damage. In this regard, evaluation of activities of major components are needed to compare to medicinal plants in experimental diseases models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Altınok-Yipel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Univ., Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Ozan Tekeli
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Şule Yurdagül Özsoy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes Univ., Aydın, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Alpaslan Kaya
- Department of FieldCrops, Faculty of Agricultural, Hatay Mustafa Kemal Univ., Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yipel
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Univ., Tekirdağ, Turkey
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Guo Y, Liang X, Meng M, Chen H, Wei X, Li M, Li J, Huang R, Wei J. Hepatoprotective effects of Yulangsan flavone against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 33:28-35. [PMID: 28887917 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yulangsan flavone (YLSF) was extracted from the root of Millettia pulchra Kurz var-laxior (Dunn) Z. Wei, which has been widely used for liver disease treatment in the Guangxi province of China. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The study was conducted to demonstrate the hepatoprotective effects of YLSF against CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats, meanwhile revealing the potential mechanism. STUDY DESIGN Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of both sexes were randomly divided into two groups: hepatic fibrosis group and normal control (NC) group. The rats in the hepatic fibrosis group were given 1 ml/kg 50% CCl4 (1:1 mixed with peanut oil), while those in the NC group were given 1 ml/kg normal saline (NS), both via intragastric administration. The established experimental rat model from the hepatic fibrosis group was confirmed by pathological inspection and randomly divided into five groups: three YLSF groups (20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg), a colchicine group (0.20 mg/kg) and a model group (10 ml/kg NS). All rats were treated with corresponding drugs or NS once a day for four consecutive weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, blood serum and hepatic tissue were collected. METHODS The activities of ALT and AST in the serum and the levels of SOD, MDA, GSH and GSH-Px in hepatic tissue were analysed, the indexes of liver, spleen and thymus were counted, the degree of hepatic injury was examined using HE and Masson staining, and the mRNA expression of Col-1, TIMP-1 and TGF-β1 in hepatic tissues was detected. RESULTS Compared with the model group, experimental results showed that YLSF and colchicine could reduce the levels of AST, ALT and MDA, increase the levels of SOD, GSH and GSH-Px, enhance rat survivability, decrease the liver, spleen and thymus index, significantly lessen collagen deposition and tissue damage and down-regulate the mRNA expression of Col-1, TIMP-1 and TGF-β1. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm that YLSF has a certain curative effect on rats with liver fibrosis induced by CCl4, and its mechanism may include attenuating free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and accelerating extracellular matrix degradation by down-regulating expression of related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xingmei Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Mingyu Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Mingyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Juman Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Renbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China.
| | - Jinbin Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, 22, Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, P.R. China
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Huang J, Nguyen V, Tang X, Wei J, Lin X, Lai Z, Doan V, Xie Q, Huang R. Protection from diclofenac-induced liver injury by Yulangsan polysaccharide in a mouse model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:207-213. [PMID: 27497634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Millettia pulchra Kurz var-laxior (Dunn) Z. Wei, a wild-growing plant of the family Fabaceae is known to possess multifarious medicinal properties. Yulangsan polysaccharide (YLSPS) is a chief ingredient of its root, which has been used in Chinese traditional medicine with a long history for remedy of acute or chronic hepatitis and jaundice. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the ability of the YLSPS to protect against diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were orally treated with YLSPS daily 1h after the injection of diclofenac for 2 weeks. Dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate was used as a reference drug. RESULTS YLSPS effectively reduced the elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase and enhanced the reduction of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver. Moreover, the content of malondialdehyde was reduced by treatment with YLSPS, and histological findings also confirmed the anti-hepatotoxic activity. In addition, YLSPS significantly inhibited proinflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1 beta. YLSPS also enhanced mitochondrial antioxidants and inhibited cell death by preventing the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and the up-regulation and release of Bax along with caspase 9 and 3 activity; thus, these findings confirm the involvement of mitochondria in diclofenac-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION The results indicate that protective effects of YLSPS against diclofenac-induced acute hepatic injury may rely on its effect on reducing oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, and improving drug-metabolizing enzyme activity in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Vanphuc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Medical College, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinbin Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Xing Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Zefeng Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Vanminh Doan
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Qiuqiao Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Renbin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
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Wang W, Li N, Wang J, Chen G, Huang R, Zhao W, Li J, Si Y. Bioactive benzofuran-chalcanes as potential NQO1 inducers from Millettia pulchra (Benth) kurzvar-laxior (Dunn) Z.Wei. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 131:107-114. [PMID: 27663949 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Five chalcanes ((α'R)-2, α'-dimethoxy-furano-[4″, 5'': 3', 4'] chalcane, (α'R, βR)-2', α', β-trimethoxy-furano-[4″, 5'': 3', 4'] chalcane, (α'S, βR)-2', α', β-trimethoxy-furano-[4″, 5'': 3', 4'] chalcane, (α'R, βR)-2', β-dimethoxy-α'-hydroxyethoxy-furano-[4″, 5'': 3', 4'] chalcane, (α'S, βR)-2', β-dimethoxy-α'-hydroxyethoxy-furano-[4″, 5'': 3', 4'] chalcane) and a flavonoid glycoside (3', 7-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-4', 5'-methylenedioxyisoflavone 6-O-β-D- glucopyranoside), together with 15 known components, were isolated from the leaves of Millettia pulchra (Benth) Kurzvar-laxior (Dunn) Z. Wei, a traditional Zhuang medicine. Their chemical structures were established by extensive analysis of NMR, mass spectrometry and ECD spectra. Furthermore compounds (α'R, βR)-2', β-dimethoxy-α'-hydroxyethoxy-furano-[4″, 5'': 3', 4'] chalcane, (α'S, βR)-2', β-dimethoxy-α'-hydroxyethoxy-furano-[4″, 5'': 3', 4'] chalcane, quercetin, methyl 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate, 6,7-dimethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyisoflavone and lyoniresinol were suggested to be potential chemopreventive agents because of their significant activity in inducing NQO1 ([NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase 1], a phase II metabolism enzyme).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Renbin Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, PR China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yingying Si
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure Based Drug Design and Discovery (Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, PR China
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14
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Xi S, Shi M, Jiang X, Minuk GY, Cheng Y, Peng Y, Gong Y, Xu Y, Wang X, Yang J, Yue L, Wang Y. The effects of Tao-Hong-Si-Wu on hepatic necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis in a murine model of chronic liver disease. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 180:28-36. [PMID: 26802785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction (THSWD) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for centuries in the treatment of Chinese patients with chronic liver disease. Recently, THSWD has been reported to alter vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced angiogenesis, raising the possibility that in addition to its anti-inflammatory properties; THSWD might also inhibit hepatic blood flow associated fibrosis. AIM To document the effects of THSWD on hepatic necroinflammatory disease activity, fibrosis and VEGF signaling in a murine model of chronic liver disease. METHODS Sixty adult mice were equally divided into six study groups. Five groups were exposed to subcutaneous carbon tetrachloride (0.1 ml/10 g BW) for six weeks. Three of the five groups were treated with different concentrations of THSWD (4.25, 8.50, 17.00 g/kg), one with 0.1mg/kg of Colchicine (positive control), and one with physiologic saline (negative control). Mice in the sixth group were not exposed to CCl4 and remained untreated (healthy controls). Liver enzymes/function tests, hyaluronic acid and laminin levels were measured in serum, and hepatic histology, VEGF, Flt-1 and kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR), Akt and phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) expression were documented in liver tissue at the end of treatment. RESULTS Hepatic necroinflammatory disease activity and fibrosis were significantly attenuated in THSWD treated mice in a dose dependent manner. These beneficial results were similar and often exceeded those achieved with Colchicine. In addition, VEGF, Flt-1, KDR, Akt and pAkt mRNA and protein expression were reduced in TSHWD treated mice. CONCLUSIONS In this animal model of chronic liver disease, THSWD decreased hepatic necroinflammatory disease and fibrosis. Inhibition of VEGF expression and downstream signaling were associated with these findings. Further studies with this and other TCMs as treatment for chronic liver disease are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyan Xi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengmeng Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqiang Jiang
- Department of Infection, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gerald Y Minuk
- Department of Internal Medicine, John Buhler Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3P4
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuewen Gong
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5
| | - Yangxinzi Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, John Buhler Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3P4
| | - Xinrong Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5
| | - Lifeng Yue
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
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15
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Chen XH, Ma L, Hu YX, Wang DX, Fang L, Li XL, Zhao JC, Yu HR, Ying HZ, Yu CH. Transcriptome profiling and pathway analysis of hepatotoxicity induced by tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 41:62-71. [PMID: 26650799 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) is commonly used as an alternative plasticizer for medical devices. But very little information was available on its biological effects. In this study, we investigated toxicity effects of TOTM on hepatic differential gene expression analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing analysis for over-represented functions and phenotypically anchored to complementary histopathologic, and biochemical data in the liver of mice. Among 1668 candidate genes, 694 genes were up-regulated and 974 genes were down-regulated after TOTM exposure. Using Gene Ontology analysis, TOTM affected three processes: the cell cycle, metabolic process and oxidative activity. Furthermore, 11 key genes involved in the above processes were validated by real time PCR. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that these genes were involved in the cell cycle pathway, lipid metabolism and oxidative process. It revealed the transcriptome gene expression response to TOTM exposure in mouse, and these data could contribute to provide a clearer understanding of the molecular mechanisms of TOTM-induced hepatotoxicity in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory for Medical Device Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Institute of Medical Device Supervision and Testing, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Li Ma
- Key Laboratory for Medical Device Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Institute of Medical Device Supervision and Testing, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Dan-Xian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Li Fang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Device Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Institute of Medical Device Supervision and Testing, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xue-Lai Li
- Key Laboratory for Medical Device Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Institute of Medical Device Supervision and Testing, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jin-Chuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Medical Device Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Institute of Medical Device Supervision and Testing, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hai-Rong Yu
- Key Laboratory for Medical Device Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Institute of Medical Device Supervision and Testing, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Hua-Zhong Ying
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Evaluation, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China.
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Li S, Tan HY, Wang N, Zhang ZJ, Lao L, Wong CW, Feng Y. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26087-124. [PMID: 26540040 PMCID: PMC4661801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 951] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex antioxidant system has been developed in mammals to relieve oxidative stress. However, excessive reactive species derived from oxygen and nitrogen may still lead to oxidative damage to tissue and organs. Oxidative stress has been considered as a conjoint pathological mechanism, and it contributes to initiation and progression of liver injury. A lot of risk factors, including alcohol, drugs, environmental pollutants and irradiation, may induce oxidative stress in liver, which in turn results in severe liver diseases, such as alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Application of antioxidants signifies a rational curative strategy to prevent and cure liver diseases involving oxidative stress. Although conclusions drawn from clinical studies remain uncertain, animal studies have revealed the promising in vivo therapeutic effect of antioxidants on liver diseases. Natural antioxidants contained in edible or medicinal plants often possess strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities as well as anti-inflammatory action, which are also supposed to be the basis of other bioactivities and health benefits. In this review, PubMed was extensively searched for literature research. The keywords for searching oxidative stress were free radicals, reactive oxygen, nitrogen species, anti-oxidative therapy, Chinese medicines, natural products, antioxidants and liver diseases. The literature, including ours, with studies on oxidative stress and anti-oxidative therapy in liver diseases were the focus. Various factors that cause oxidative stress in liver and effects of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of liver diseases were summarized, questioned, and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Lixing Lao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chi-Woon Wong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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