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Zhao T, Yu Z. Modified Gexia-Zhuyu Tang inhibits gastric cancer progression by restoring gut microbiota and regulating pyroptosis. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:21. [PMID: 38195483 PMCID: PMC10775600 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gexia-Zhuyu Tang (GZT), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is used to treat a variety of diseases. However, its roles in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of modified GZT in GC. METHODS The effects of modified GZT on GC were investigated by constructing mouse xenograft models with MFC cell line. The fecal samples from low-dose, high-dose, and without modified GZT treatment groups were collected for the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Histopathological alterations of mice were evaluated using the hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis with Ki67 and GSDMD was performed to measure tissue cell proliferation and pyroptosis, respectively. Proteins associated with pyroptosis, invasion, and metastasis were detected by Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess inflammation-related factors levels. RESULTS Modified GZT inhibited GC tumor growth and reduced metastasis and invasion-related proteins expression levels, including CD147, VEGF, and MMP-9. Furthermore, it notably promoted caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis, as evidenced by a dose-dependent increase in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, and LDH levels, along with elevated protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1. Additionally, modified GZT increased species abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora. FMT assay identified that modified GZT inhibited GC tumor progression through regulation of intestinal flora. CONCLUSIONS Modified GZT treatment may promote pyroptosis by modulating gut microbiota in GC. This study identifies a new potential approach for the GC clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai City, 200240, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University,Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, No. 1023-1063, Shatai South Road, Guangzhou City, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
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Yang L, Liu X, Zhu J, Zhang X, Li Y, Chen J, Liu H. Progress in traditional Chinese medicine against chronic gastritis: From chronic non-atrophic gastritis to gastric precancerous lesions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16764. [PMID: 37313135 PMCID: PMC10258419 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic gastritis (CG) is a persistent inflammation of the gastric mucosa that can cause uncomfortable symptoms in patients. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used to treat CG due to its precise efficacy, minimal side effects, and holistic approach. Clinical studies have confirmed the effectiveness of TCM in treating CG, although the mechanisms underlying this treatment have not yet been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarized the clinical research and mechanisms of TCM used to treat CG. Studies have shown that TCM mechanisms for CG treatment include H. pylori eradication, anti-inflammatory effects, immune modulation, regulation of gastric mucosal cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjun Yang
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xinying Liu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiajie Zhu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Ya Li
- Lin ‘an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiabing Chen
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
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Liao W, Wen Y, Wang J, Zhao M, Lv S, Chen N, Li Y, Wan L, Zheng Q, Mou Y, Zhao Z, Tang J, Zeng J. Gallic acid alleviates gastric precancerous lesions through inhibition of epithelial mesenchymal transition via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115885. [PMID: 36328204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gallic acid (GA) is a natural polyphenolic compound derived from Rhus chinensis Mill. with a variety of biological activities such as astringent sweat, cough, dysentery, hemostasis, and detoxification, and is widely used in China as a treatment for cough, bleeding, and gastrointestinal disorders. In recent years, the anticancer activity of GA has been demonstrated in a variety of cancers, affecting multiple cellular pathways associated with cancer onset, development and progression. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the role and potential mechanism of GA on gastric precancerous lesions (GPL), the key turning point of gastritis to gastric cancer, with the aim of delaying, blocking or reversing the dynamic overall process of "inflammation-cancer transformation" and thus blocking GPL to prevent the development of gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we established N-Nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU)-induced GPL mice model and induced precancerous lesions of gastric cancer cells (MC), i.e. epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), in human gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1) with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). We used conventional pathology, immunohistochemistry, RNA sequencing, Western blot and other techniques to study the therapeutic effect of GA on GPL and its possiblemechanism in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The results showed that compared with normal GES-1 cells, MC cells had the characteristics of malignant cells such as abnormal proliferation, invasion and metastasis, accompanied by decreased expression of EMT-related protein E-cadherin and increased expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin. GA can inhibit the malignant behavior of MC cell proliferation and induce its G0/G1 phase arrest, which is achieved by downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and thereby inhibiting the EMT process. However, when we incubated with the Wnt pathway activator (Wnt agonist 1), the effect of GA was reversed. Furthermore, analysis of human gastric specimens showed that activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was significantly associated with GPL pathological changes. Meanwhile, GA reversed MNU-induced intestinal metaplasia and partial dysplasia in GPL mice. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results indicate that GA prevents the occurrence and development of GPL by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and then inhibiting the EMT process, which may become potential candidates for the treatment of GPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bishan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Shangbin Lv
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yuchen Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Lina Wan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu Mou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China; Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China.
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Zhong YL, Wang PQ, Hao DL, Sui F, Zhang FB, Li B. Traditional Chinese medicine for transformation of gastric precancerous lesions to gastric cancer: A critical review. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:36-54. [PMID: 36684050 PMCID: PMC9850768 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common gastrointestinal tumor. Gastric precancerous lesions (GPL) are the last pathological stage before normal gastric mucosa transforms into GC. However, preventing the transformation from GPL to GC remains a challenge. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat gastric disease for millennia. A series of TCM formulas and active compounds have shown therapeutic effects in both GC and GPL. This article reviews recent progress on the herbal drugs and pharmacological mechanisms of TCM in preventing the transformation from GPL to GC, especially focusing on anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis, proliferation, and apoptosis. This review may provide a meaningful reference for the prevention of the transformation from GPL to GC using TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Zhong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Peng-Qian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dan-Li Hao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Feng Sui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Feng-Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Bing Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Zhou P, Yang T, Xu M, Zhao Y, Shen P, Wang Y. 16S rRNA sequencing-based evaluation of the protective effects of Hua-Zhuo-Jie-Du on rats with chronic atrophic gastritis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:71. [PMID: 35296316 PMCID: PMC8928654 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Disturbance of the intestinal flora is a pathogenic factor for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Hua-Zhuo-Jie-Du (HZJD) has been shown to be an effective Chinese herbal preparation for treating CAG. However, the effects of HZJD on the intestinal flora of CAG is unclear. In this study, we probed the regulating effects of HZJD on intestinal microbes in CAG rats using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Methods High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was used to perform quality control of HZJD preparations. We then administered 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (200 μg/ml) to Sprague–Dawley rats to establish a CAG model. HZJD and vitacoenzyme were administered orally to these rats over a 10 week period. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed to observe the histopathology of CAG rats. A rarefaction curve, species accumulation curve, Chao1 index, and ACE index were calculated to assess the alpha diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA), non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS), and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) were conducted to examine the beta diversity. The LEfSe method was used to identify differential bacteria. Differential function analysis used PCA based on KEGG function prediction. Results HPLC showed that our HZJD preparation method was feasible. H&E staining showed that HZJD significantly improved the pathological state of the gastric mucosa in CAG rats. The rarefaction curve and species accumulation curve showed that the sequencing data were reasonable. The Chao1 and ACE indices were significantly increased in CAG rats compared to the N group. Following HZJD and vitacoenzyme treatment, the Chao1 and ACE indices were decreased. PCA, NMDS, and UPGMA results showed that the M group was separated from the N, HZJD, and V groups, and LEfSe results showed that the relative abundance of Akkermansia, Oscillospira, Prevotella, and CF231 were significantly higher in the N group. Proteobacteria and Escherichia were significantly enriched in the M group, Allobaculum, Bacteroides, Jeotgalicoccus, Corynebacterium, and Sporosarcina were significantly enriched in the V group, and Firmicutes, Lactobacillus, and Turicibacter were significantly enriched in the HZJD group. Conclusion HZJD exhibited a therapeutic effect on the intestinal flora of CAG rats. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03542-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Zhou
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Tianxiao Yang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Miaochan Xu
- Shijiazhuang Pingan Hospital Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang, 050025, Hebei, China
| | - Yuejia Zhao
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Pengpeng Shen
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Anwai Xiaoguan Street No. 51, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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