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COVID-19 Disruption and Meaningful Work: The Mediating Role of Family–Work Conflict. ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/admsci13030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Work overload and the alteration in family dynamics caused by the COVID-19 pandemic crisis may be increasing family–work conflict, leading to the consequent decrease in meaningful work. Using the structural equation modeling of covariance, this research determines the impact of the pandemic disruption on meaningful work as mediated through family–work conflict. The sample comes from 534 men and 257 women that are full-time employees of seven public manufacturing companies in Bolivia; they were surveyed by filling out a self-report questionnaire at the companies’ locations. Although no significant direct effects were found between COVID-19 disruption and meaningful work (standardized beta = 0.038, Z = 0.756, p = 0.450), there is an indirect effect when the relationship is measured through the family–work life conflict variable (standardized beta = −0.138, Z = −6.119, p < 0.001). Implications for business management are discussed.
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Widyowati A, Creed P, Hood M, Duffy A. Motivational Conflict and Volitional Career Actions in Young Adults: Ego Depletion as an Explanatory Mechanism. JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/08948453221134288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the underlying mechanisms through which career motivational conflict was related to career volitional action in young adults. We tested a model in which career motivational conflict (parent-child career incongruence and career goal progress discrepancy) was related to reduced career volitional actions (career decision self-efficacy and career engagement) via self-regulatory failure (ego depletion in reference to talking to parents about their careers or thinking about their careers). Participants were 260 young adults (75.8% female; M age = 19.89 years) enrolled at a large, multi-campus university in South-East Queensland, Australia. We confirmed greater career-related motivational conflict, in both forms, was associated with lower volitional actions. Furthermore, self-referenced depletion explained the relationships between career goal progress discrepancy and poorer career decision self-efficacy and less career engagement. These findings have implications for how counsellors might assist young people to improve their career volitional actions by reducing the effects of career motivational conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arini Widyowati
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Psychology, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Peter Creed
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Work, Organisation, and Wellbeing, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle Hood
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Work, Organisation, and Wellbeing, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Amanda Duffy
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Long T. Monitoring and Model Analysis of Vocal Performance Teaching Environment Using Cluster Analysis from the Perspective of Core Literacy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:1477309. [PMID: 36246464 PMCID: PMC9560811 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1477309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To cultivate students' artistic quality, enhance their vocal music quality, and prepare them to make great contributions to the innovation and development of my country's vocal music art is the main goal of opening vocal music performance major in colleges and universities. With the advancement of technology and the demands of talent development, the vocal music teaching methodology for the vocal music performance major in colleges and universities must be continuously enhanced. Otherwise, there will be an issue of disconnect between teaching style and talent development, which will harm both the development of high-quality vocal music talents and the innovation and growth of vocal music performance majors in colleges and universities. The vocal music performance major at colleges and universities should actively support the reform and innovation of the vocal music teaching mode in order to extend students' knowledge, develop their all-around ability, and provide a strong foundation for vocal music performance, to develop students' all-encompassing musical abilities. This research suggests a design strategy for the monitoring and model optimization of the teaching environment for vocal performance majors from the standpoint of core literacy. To increase the efficiency and objectivity of course instruction, cluster analysis aids students in categorising and searching for vocal music performance main repertoire as well as using collaborative filtering recommendations to locate their own vocal music performance. The simulation test analysis is completed lastly. The method has a certain accuracy, which is 7.59% higher than the conventional algorithm, according to the simulation findings. In addition to significantly increasing student interest in studying vocal music performance courses, we further reform and innovation of the teaching method for these courses at colleges and universities can also strengthen students' understanding of various repertoire styles and significantly enhance their musical literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Long
- School of Arts, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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McGregor I, Tran A, Auger E, Britton E, Hayes J, Elnakouri A, Eftekhari E, Sharpinskyi K, Arbiv OA, Nash K. Higher power dynamics: How meaning search and self-transcendence inspire approach motivation and magnanimity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Xin Z, Yang Z, Li Z, Chen H. Does debt pressure lead to unethical behaviour intention? Evidence on aggregate and individual levels. ASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ajsp.12548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Xin
- Department of Psychology Renmin University of China Beijing China
| | - Zhixu Yang
- School of Labor Economics Capital University of Economics and Business Beijing China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Sociology and Psychology Central University of Finance and Economics Beijing China
| | - Hongfei Chen
- School of Sociology and Psychology Central University of Finance and Economics Beijing China
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Hate and meaning in life: How collective, but not personal, hate quells threat and spurs meaning in life. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2021.104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abstract
Ideological behavior has traditionally been viewed as a product of social forces. Nonetheless, an emerging science suggests that ideological worldviews can also be understood in terms of neural and cognitive principles. The article proposes a neurocognitive model of ideological thinking, arguing that ideological worldviews may be manifestations of individuals' perceptual and cognitive systems. This model makes two claims. First, there are neurocognitive antecedents to ideological thinking: the brain's low-level neurocognitive dispositions influence its receptivity to ideological doctrines. Second, there are neurocognitive consequences to ideological engagement: strong exposure and adherence to ideological doctrines can shape perceptual and cognitive systems. This article details the neurocognitive model of ideological thinking and synthesizes the empirical evidence in support of its claims. The model postulates that there are bidirectional processes between the brain and the ideological environment, and so it can address the roles of situational and motivational factors in ideologically motivated action. This endeavor highlights that an interdisciplinary neurocognitive approach to ideologies can facilitate biologically informed accounts of the ideological brain and thus reveal who is most susceptible to extreme and authoritarian ideologies. By investigating the relationships between low-level perceptual processes and high-level ideological attitudes, we can develop a better grasp of our collective history as well as the mechanisms that may structure our political futures.
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Moshontz H, Hoyle RH. Resisting, Recognizing, and Returning: A Three-Component Model and Review of Persistence in Episodic Goals. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2021; 15:e12576. [PMID: 35069798 PMCID: PMC8774291 DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
According to prior work, persistent goal pursuit is a continuous process where persisting is a matter of resisting the urge to give up. In everyday goals, however, persistence is often episodic, and its causes are more complex. People pause and resume pursuit many times. Whether people persist reflects more than will power and motivation, it also reflects the other goals they pursue, their resources, and the attentional demands of daily life. People can fail to persist not just because they gave up, but also because they failed to act. We propose a general model of persistence that accommodates the complexity of episodic goals. We argue that persistent goal pursuit is a function of three processes: resisting the urge to give up, recognizing opportunities for pursuit, and returning to pursuit. The broad factors that help and hurt persistence can be organized within these components. These components can also explain the mechanisms of four effective strategies for persistence: removing distractions, using reminders, using implementation intentions, and forming habits. The recognizing-resisting-returning model integrates and improves on extant theories of persistence and goal pursuit and is consistent with empirical work from laboratory and naturalistic settings.
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Alquist JL, Baumeister RF, Tice DM, Core TJ. What You Don't Know Can Hurt You: Uncertainty Impairs Executive Function. Front Psychol 2020; 11:576001. [PMID: 33123057 PMCID: PMC7573282 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.576001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Three studies demonstrated that situational uncertainty impairs executive function on subsequent unrelated tasks. Participants were randomly assigned to either uncertain situations (not knowing whether they would have to give a speech later, Studies 1-2; uncertain about how to complete a task, Study 3) or control conditions. Uncertainty caused poor performance on tasks requiring executive function that were unrelated to the uncertainty manipulation. Uncertainty impaired performance even more than certainty of negative outcomes (might vs. definitely will have to make a speech). A meta-analysis of the experimental studies in this package found that the effect is small and reliable. One potential explanation for this effect of uncertainty on executive function is that uncertainty is a cue for conserving effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Alquist
- Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Roy F. Baumeister
- Department of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dianne M. Tice
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Tammy J. Core
- Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
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Foraging extends beyond food: Hoarding of mental energy and information seeking in response to uncertainty. Behav Brain Sci 2019; 42:e38. [PMID: 30940228 DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x18001838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
When an environment is uncertain, humans and other animals benefit from preparing for and attempting to predict potential outcomes. People respond to uncertainty both by conserving mental energy on tasks unrelated to the source of the uncertainty and by increasing their attentiveness to information related to the uncertainty. This mental hoarding and foraging allow people to prepare in uncertain situations.
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Tsai MH, Li NP. Depletion manipulations decrease openness to dissent via increased anger. Br J Psychol 2019; 111:246-274. [PMID: 30873586 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated a potential outcome of ego depletion manipulations and an important factor behind cooperative failure: a lack of openness to others' dissenting opinions. Across five studies in a variety of task settings, we examined the effect of depletion manipulations on openness to dissent and investigated two negative emotions as potential mediators of this process: fatigue and anger. The results demonstrated a negative effect of depletion manipulations on openness to dissent through increased anger rather than fatigue (Studies 1-5). In Studies 3 and 4, we also eliminated perceived trust towards a task counterpart as a significant mediator of the relationship between depletion manipulations and openness to dissent. These findings help clarify the nature of ego depletion manipulations and shed light on why individuals may fail to consider others' dissenting opinions and, thus, fall short of achieving cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hong Tsai
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore
| | - Norman P Li
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University, Singapore
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Core TJ, Price MM, Alquist JL, Baumeister RF, Tice DM. Life is uncertain, eat dessert first: Uncertainty causes controlled and unemotional eaters to consume more sweets. Appetite 2018; 131:68-72. [PMID: 30195822 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sometimes even dieters with the best self-control overindulge. Uncertain situations may undermine the self-control of even well-controlled eaters. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that uncertainty increases unhealthy snacking. Participants were either told that they would be giving a speech, that they would be listening to a speech, or that they would find out later whether they were to give a speech or not. Among participants who typically reported good control over their eating or scored low on emotional eating, participants who were uncertain about whether they would be giving a speech ate more candy than participants who expected to not have to give a speech and even those who expected to have to give a speech. Participants who reported poor control over their eating or scored high on emotional eating did not eat significantly more when uncertain. These findings suggest that, for people who are typically able to control their eating, uncertainty increases snacking more than certainty of a negative outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy J Core
- Texas Tech University, Department of Psychological Sciences, 1800 18th St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
| | - Mindi M Price
- Texas Tech University, Department of Psychological Sciences, 1800 18th St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States.
| | - Jessica L Alquist
- Texas Tech University, Department of Psychological Sciences, 1800 18th St, Lubbock, TX, 79409, United States
| | - Roy F Baumeister
- University of Queensland, School of Psychology, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Dianne M Tice
- Brigham Young University, Department of Psychology, 1001 SWKT, Provo, UT, 84602, United States
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Friese M, Loschelder DD, Gieseler K, Frankenbach J, Inzlicht M. Is Ego Depletion Real? An Analysis of Arguments. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2018; 23:107-131. [PMID: 29591537 DOI: 10.1177/1088868318762183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An influential line of research suggests that initial bouts of self-control increase the susceptibility to self-control failure (ego depletion effect). Despite seemingly abundant evidence, some researchers have suggested that evidence for ego depletion was the sole result of publication bias and p-hacking, with the true effect being indistinguishable from zero. Here, we examine (a) whether the evidence brought forward against ego depletion will convince a proponent that ego depletion does not exist and (b) whether arguments that could be brought forward in defense of ego depletion will convince a skeptic that ego depletion does exist. We conclude that despite several hundred published studies, the available evidence is inconclusive. Both additional empirical and theoretical works are needed to make a compelling case for either side of the debate. We discuss necessary steps for future work toward this aim.
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