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Umair M, Claes A, Buijtendorp M, Cuervo-Arango J, Stout TAE, Henning H. In vitro aging of stallion spermatozoa during prolonged storage at 5°C. Cytometry A 2022. [PMID: 36519783 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Artificial insemination with chilled stallion semen is hampered by a limited period of maximum fertility maintenance (24-48 h). This study used multiparametric flow cytometry to simultaneously measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial function or [Ca2+ ]i and plasma membrane fluidity in viable, acrosome-intact spermatozoa, with the aim of providing insight into changes in sperm function during storage at 5°C. High proportions of viable and acrosome-intact spermatozoa (71 ± 8%) remained after 96 h of storage demonstrating that the basic integrity of the cells was well preserved (n = 17 stallions). In addition, more than 90% of viable, acrosome-intact spermatozoa had active mitochondria and low intra-cellular or mitochondrial ROS levels. By contrast, the percentage of viable, acrosome-intact sperm with low plasma membrane fluidity and low [Ca2+ ]i decreased over time (1 h: 63 ± 16%, 96 h: 29 ± 18%; p < 0.05). The [Ca2+ ]i in viable sperm rose 3.1-fold (p < 0.05) over the 4 days, and fewer spermatozoa responded to bicarbonate stimulation (1 h: 46 ± 17%, 96 h: 19 ± 12%) with an increase in plasma membrane fluidity following prolonged storage. Overall, prolonged storage of stallion semen at 5°C resulted in disturbed calcium homeostasis and increased plasma membrane fluidity. The decline in fertility of stallion semen during cooled-storage may therefore relate to aspects of in vitro aging (changes in plasma membrane fluidity and intracellular calcium) which impairs capacitation-associated cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony Claes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Juan Cuervo-Arango
- Equine Fertility Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tom A E Stout
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Heiko Henning
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt am Rübenberge, Germany
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Clulow J, Gibb Z. Liquid storage of stallion spermatozoa – Past, present and future. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 247:107088. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Peña FJ, Gibb Z. OXIDATIVE STRESS AND REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION: Oxidative stress and the long-term storage of horse spermatozoa. Reproduction 2022; 164:F135-F144. [PMID: 36255038 DOI: 10.1530/rep-22-0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In brief The growing understanding of the mechanisms regulating redox homeostasis in the stallion spermatozoa, together with its interactions with energetic metabolism, is providing new clues applicable to the improvement of sperm conservation in horses. Based on this knowledge, new extenders, adapted to the biology of the stallion spermatozoa, are expected to be developed in the near future. Abstract The preservation of semen either by refrigeration or cryopreservation is a principal component of most animal breeding industries. Although this procedure has been successful in many species, in others, substantial limitations persist. In the last decade, mechanistic studies have shed light on the molecular changes behind the damage that spermatozoa experience during preservation. Most of this damage is oxidative, and thus in this review, we aim to provide an updated overview of recent discoveries about how stallion spermatozoa maintain redox homeostasis, and how the current procedures of sperm preservation disrupt redox regulation and cause sperm damage which affects viability, functionality, fertility and potentially the health of the offspring. We are optimistic that this review will promote new ideas for further research to improve sperm preservation technologies, promoting translational research with a wide scope for applicability not only in horses but also in other animal species and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Peña
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Zamira Gibb
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Wiebke M, Hensel B, Nitsche-Melkus E, Jung M, Schulze M. Cooled storage of semen from livestock animals (part I): boar, bull, and stallion. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 246:106822. [PMID: 34400028 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review is part of the Festschrift in honor of Dr. Duane Garner and provides an overview of current techniques for cooled storage of semen from livestock animals. The first part describes the current state of the art of liquid semen preservation in boars, bulls, and stallions, including the diluents, use of additives, processing, temperature, and cooling of semen. The species-specific physiology and varying extents of cold shock sensitivity are taken into consideration. In addition, factors influencing the quality of cooled-stored semen are discussed. Methods, trends, and the most recent advances for improving sperm quality during cold-temperature storage are highlighted and their respective advantages and disadvantages are contrasted. There has been much progress in recent years regarding cold-temperature storage of boar sperm and there is great potential for a large-scale use to replace the current 17 °C temperature storage regime and the associated use of antibiotics in the future. For stallion sperm, there is an opposite trend away from previous low-temperature storage towards storage at higher temperatures to increase sperm viability and longevity. In bulls, liquid storage of sperm is mostly used in the seasonal dairy production systems of New Zealand and Ireland, but with further research focusing on shelf-live elongation of liquid preserved sperm, there is potential for an application in breeding programs worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wiebke
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany
| | - B Hensel
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany
| | - E Nitsche-Melkus
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany
| | - M Jung
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany
| | - M Schulze
- Institute for Reproduction of Farm Animals Schönow, Bernauer Allee 10, D-16321, Bernau, Germany.
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Peña FJ, O'Flaherty C, Ortiz Rodríguez JM, Martín Cano FE, Gaitskell-Phillips G, Gil MC, Ortega Ferrusola C. The Stallion Spermatozoa: A Valuable Model to Help Understand the Interplay Between Metabolism and Redox (De)regulation in Sperm Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:521-537. [PMID: 35180830 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Proper functionality of the spermatozoa depends on the tight regulation of their redox status; at the same time these cells are highly energy demanding and in the energetic metabolism, principally in the electron transport chain in the mitochondria, reactive oxygen species are continuously produced, in addition to that observed in the Krebs cycle and during the β-oxidation of fatty acids. Recent Advances: In addition, in glycolysis, elimination of phosphate groups from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate results in the byproducts glyoxal (G) and methylglyoxal (MG); these products are 2-oxoaldehydes. The presence of adjacent carbonyl groups makes them strong electrophiles that react with nucleophiles in proteins, lipids, and DNA, forming advanced glycation end products. Critical Issues: This mechanism is behind subfertility in diabetic patients; in the animal breeding industry, commercial extenders for stallion semen contain a supraphysiological concentration of glucose that promotes MG production, constituting a potential model of interest. Future Directions: Increasing our knowledge of sperm metabolism and its interactions with redox regulation may improve current sperm technologies in use, and shall provide new clues to understanding infertility in males. Moreover, stallion spermatozoa due to its accessibility, intense metabolism, and suitability for proteomics/metabolomic studies may constitute a suitable model for studying regulation of metabolism and interactions between metabolism and redox homeostasis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 521-537.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando J Peña
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Cristian O'Flaherty
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - José M Ortiz Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Francisco E Martín Cano
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Gemma Gaitskell-Phillips
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - María C Gil
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Cristina Ortega Ferrusola
- Laboratory of Equine Reproduction and Equine Spermatology, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Gibb Z, Griffin RA, Aitken RJ, De Iuliis GN. Functions and effects of reactive oxygen species in male fertility. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 220:106456. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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