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Wang J, Long X, Zhang IY, Huang R. Pulsed versus direct current electrochemical co-catalytic peroxymonosulfate-based system: Elevated degradation and energy efficiency with enhanced oxidation mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132004. [PMID: 37423130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the pulsed electrochemical (PE) system was investigated to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) with the addition of Fe(III) to achieve efficient degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) with reduced energy consumption, in comparison with the direct current (DC) electrochemical system. The operational conditions of PE/PMS/Fe(III) system were optimized as 4 kHz pulse frequency, 50% duty cycle, and pH 3, at which 67.6% reduction of energy consumption and enhanced degradation performance were achieved compared to the DC/PMS/Fe(III) system. Results of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis and quenching and chemical probe experiment revealed the presence of •OH, SO4•-, and 1O2 in the system, with •OH being the dominant role. The concentrations of these active species were averagely 15 ± 1% higher in the PE/PMS/Fe(III) system than those of the DC/PMS/Fe(III) system. Identification of SMX byproducts was achieved based on high resolution mass spectrometry analysis to predict the degradation pathways. The SMX byproducts could eventually be eliminated by the PE/PMS/Fe(III) system with extended treatment time. Overall, the PE/PMS/Fe(III) system was demonstrated with high energy and degradation performance, and is appear to be an robust strategy for practical treatment of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Universities on Environmental Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xianhu Long
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Universities on Environmental Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Igor Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovation Materials, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, MOE Laboratory for Computational Physical Science, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rongfu Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Universities on Environmental Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Membrane and Electrochemical Based Technologies for the Decontamination of Exploitable Streams Produced by Thermochemical Processing of Contaminated Biomass. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15072683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is an emerging concept for contaminated soil restoration via the use of resilient plants that can absorb soil contaminants. The harvested contaminated biomass can be thermochemically converted to energy carriers/chemicals, linking soil decontamination with biomass-to-energy and aligning with circular economy principles. Two thermochemical conversion steps of contaminated biomass, both used for contaminated biomass treatment/exploitation, are considered: Supercritical Water Gasification and Fast Pyrolysis. For the former, the vast majority of contaminants are transferred into liquid and gaseous effluents, and thus the application of purification steps is necessary prior to further processing. In Fast Pyrolysis, contaminants are mainly retained in the solid phase, but a part appears in the liquid phase due to fine solids entrainment. Contaminants include heavy metals, particulate matter, and hydrogen sulfide. The purified streams allow the in-process re-use of water for the Super Critical Water Gasification, the sulfur-free catalytic conversion of the fuel-rich gaseous stream of the same process into liquid fuels and recovery of an exploitable bio-oil rich stream from the Fast Pyrolysis. Considering the fundamental importance of purification/decontamination to exploit the aforementioned streams in an integrated context, a review of available such technologies is conducted, and options are shortlisted. Technologies of choice include polymeric-based membrane gas absorption for desulfurization, electrooxidation/electrocoagulation for the liquid product of Supercritical Water Gasification and microfiltration via ceramic membranes for fine solids removal from the Fast Pyrolysis bio-oil. Challenges, risks, and suitable strategies to implement these options in the context of biomass-to-energy conversion are discussed and recommendations are made.
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Liu Z, Li G, Zhang F, Wu J. Enhanced biodegradation activity towards poly(ethyl acrylate) and poly(vinyl acetate) by anchor peptide assistant targeting. J Biotechnol 2022; 349:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Gonzaga IM, Dória AR, Vasconcelos VM, Souza FM, dos Santos MC, Hammer P, Rodrigo MA, Eguiluz KI, Salazar-Banda GR. Microwave synthesis of Ti/(RuO2)0.5(IrO2)0.5 anodes: Improved electrochemical properties and stability. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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Electrochemical Oxidation/Disinfection of Urine Wastewaters with Different Anode Materials. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12081254. [PMID: 30995773 PMCID: PMC6515285 DOI: 10.3390/ma12081254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, electrochemical technology was used simultaneously for the deactivation of microorganisms and the destruction of micro-pollutants contained in synthetic urine wastewaters. Microorganisms (E. coli) were added to synthetic urine wastewaters to mimic secondary treated sewage wastewaters. Different anode materials were employed including boron-doped diamond (BDD), dimensionally stable anode (DSA: IrO2 and RuO2) and platinum (Pt). The results showed that for the different anode materials, a complete deactivation of E. coli microorganisms at low applied electric charge (1.34 Ah dm−3) was obtained. The complete deactivation of microorganisms in wastewater seems to be directly related to active chlorine and oxygen species electrochemically produced at the surface of the anode material. Complete depletion of COD and TOC can be attained during electrolyses with BDD anode after the consumption of specific electric charges of 4.0 and 8.0 Ah dm−3, respectively. Higher specific electric charges (>25 Ah dm−3) were consumed to removal completely COD and about 75% of TOC during electrolyses with DSA anodes (IrO2 and RuO2). However, the electrolysis using Pt anode can partially remove and even after the consumption of high specific electric charges (>40 Ah dm−3) COD and TOC did not exceed 50 and 25%, respectively. Active chlorine species including hypochlorite ions and chloramines formed during electrolysis contribute not only to deactivate microorganisms but also to degrade organics compounds. High conversion yields of organic nitrogen into nitrates and ammonium were achieved during electrolysis BDD and DSA anodes. The results have confirmed that BDD anode is more efficient than with IrO2, RuO2 and Pt electrodes in terms of COD and TOC removals. However, higher amounts of perchlorates were measured at the end of the electrolysis using BDD anode.
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He Y, Lin H, Guo Z, Zhang W, Li H, Huang W. Recent developments and advances in boron-doped diamond electrodes for electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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7
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Al-Qodah Z, Al-Shannag M. On the Performance of Free Radicals Combined Electrocoagulation Treatment Processes. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2018.1459700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Al-Qodah
- Chemical Engineering Department, Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al-Shannag
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Bensalah N, Bedoui A. Enhancing the performance of electro-peroxone by incorporation of UV irradiation and BDD anodes. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2017; 38:2979-2987. [PMID: 28097924 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1284271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the treatment of 4-nitrophenol (NP) in water by ozonation, electrolysis, electro-peroxone (EP), and photo-electro-peroxone (PEP) processes was investigated. PEP process is based on the combination of ozonation, UV irradiation, and electrolysis using a carbon felt cathode and a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode. In this process, H2O2 is electrochemically generated from reduction of O2 in the ozone generator effluent at a carbon felt cathode. The in situ generated H2O2 is simultaneously decomposed by UV-photolysis and by reaction with O3 to form HO• radicals that can rapidly and non-selectively oxidize organic pollutants. The results showed that PEP is the most efficient process for a rapid NP degradation in water than the other individual and combined methods. In addition, PEP process was able to completely remove total organic carbon (TOC) from NP solution after consumption of 4.1 kWh/kg TOC removed. Hydroquinone, 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, oxalic and maleic acids were identified as the main intermediates of NP degradation. The addition of iron to NP solution did not significantly affect the efficiency of PEP process. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of BDD anodes and UV light in PEP process can significantly enhance the kinetics and minimize energy requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasr Bensalah
- a Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences , College of Arts and Science, Qatar University , Doha , State of Qatar
| | - Ahmed Bedoui
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes , University of Gabes , Zrig , Gabes , Tunisia
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Al-Qodah Z, Al-Shannag M. Heavy metal ions removal from wastewater using electrocoagulation processes: A comprehensive review. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1373677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Al-Qodah
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Technology Al-Balqa Applied University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Al-Shannag
- Chemical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Yakovlev AV, Milichko VA, Pidko EA, Vinogradov VV, Vinogradov AV. Inkjet printing of TiO 2/AlOOH heterostructures for the formation of interference color images with high optical visibility. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37090. [PMID: 27848979 PMCID: PMC5111046 DOI: 10.1038/srep37090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a practical approach for the fabrication of highly visible interference color images using sol-gel ink technique and a common desktop inkjet printer. We show the potential of titania-boehmite inks for the production of optical heterostructures on various surfaces, which after drying on air produce optical solid layers with low and high refractive index. The optical properties of the surface heterostructures were adjusted following the principles of antireflection coating resulting in the enhancement of the interference color optical visibility of the prints by as much as 32%. Finally, the presented technique was optimized following the insights into the mechanisms of the drop-surface interactions and the drop-on-surface coalescence to make it suitable for the production of even thickness coatings suitable for printing at a large scale. We propose that the technology described herein is a promising new green and sustainable approach for color printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr V Yakovlev
- ITMO University, International Laboratory "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies", Lomonosova 9, 191002, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valentin A Milichko
- ITMO University, Department of Nano-Photonics and Metamaterials, Saint Petersburg, Birzhevaya Line d. 14 lit. A, 191002, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Pidko
- ITMO University, International Laboratory "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies", Lomonosova 9, 191002, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Vladimir V Vinogradov
- ITMO University, International Laboratory "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies", Lomonosova 9, 191002, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandr V Vinogradov
- ITMO University, International Laboratory "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies", Lomonosova 9, 191002, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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11
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Saad MEK, Rabaaoui N, Elaloui E, Moussaoui Y. Mineralization of p-methylphenol in aqueous medium by anodic oxidation with a boron-doped diamond electrode. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Bensalah N, Dbira S, Bedoui A. The contribution of mediated oxidation mechanisms in the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid using diamond anodes. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 45:115-23. [PMID: 27372125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the contribution of mediated oxidation mechanisms in the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid using boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes was investigated in different electrolytes. A complete mineralization of cyanuric acid was obtained in NaCl; however lower degrees of mineralization of 70% and 40% were obtained in Na2SO4 and NaClO4, respectively. This can be explained by the nature of the oxidants electrogenerated in each electrolyte. It is clear that the contribution of active chlorine (Cl2, HClO, ClO(-)) electrogenerated from oxidation of chlorides on BDD is much more important in the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid than the persulfate and hydroxyl radicals produced by electro-oxidation of sulfate and water on BDD anodes. This could be explained by the high affinity of active chlorine towards nitrogen compounds. No organic intermediates were detected during the electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid in any the electrolytes, which can be explained by their immediate depletion by hydroxyl radicals produced on the BDD surface. Nitrates and ammonium were the final products of electrolytic degradation of cyanuric acid on BDD anodes in all electrolytes. In addition, small amounts of chloramines were formed in the chloride medium. Low current density (≤10mA/cm(2)) and neutral medium (pH in the range 6-9) should be used for high efficiency electrolytic degradation and negligible formation of hazardous chlorate and perchlorate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasr Bensalah
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Sondos Dbira
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, 6072, Zrig, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Bedoui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, University of Gabes, 6072, Zrig, Gabes, Tunisia
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13
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Labiadh L, Barbucci A, Carpanese MP, Gadri A, Ammar S, Panizza M. Comparative depollution of Methyl Orange aqueous solutions by electrochemical incineration using TiRuSnO2, BDD and PbO2 as high oxidation power anodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Maharana D, Niu J, Gao D, Xu Z, Shi J. Electrochemical Degradation of Rhodamine B over Ti/SnO2-Sb Electrode. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2015; 87:304-311. [PMID: 26462074 DOI: 10.2175/106143015x14212658613514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical degradation of rhodamine B (C28H31ClN2O3) over Ti/SnO2-Sb anode was investigated in a rectangular cell. The degradation reaction follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. The degradation efficiency of rhodamine B attained >90.0% after 20 minutes of electrolysis at initial concentrations of 5 to 200 mg/L at a constant current density of 20 mA/cm2 with a 10 mmol/L Na2SO4 supporting electrolyte solution. Rhodamine B (50 mg/L) degradation and total organic carbon (TOC) removal ratio achieved 99.9 and 86.7%, respectively, at the optimal conditions after 30 minutes of electrolysis. The results showed that the energy efficiency of rhodamine B (50 mg/L) degradation at the optimal current densities from 2 to 30 mA/cm2 were 23.2 to 84.6 Wh/L, whereas the electrolysis time for 90% degradation of rhodamine B with Ti/SnO2-Sb anode was 36.6 and 7.3 minutes, respectively. The electrochemical method can be an advisable option for the treatment of dyes such as rhodamine B in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusmant Maharana
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P R China
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15
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Teamkao P, Thiravetyan P. Phytoremediation of Mono-, Di-, and Triethylene Glycol by Echinodorus cordifolius L. Griseb. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2015; 17:93-100. [PMID: 25174429 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.810579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mono-, di-, and triethylene glycol are chemicals used in various industrial (polyester products, plasticizers, printing, etc.) and domestic settings. The toxicity of these compounds is relatively low, but they do pose risks to the environment. Phytoremediation of the three glycols by Echinodorus cordifolius L. Griseb. were studied. The glycols were degraded in the leaves and roots, but leaves were the main source of degradation. The results of this study indicate that the plant can degrade triethylene glycol to diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol to 1,4-dioxan-2-one, or even further to monoethylene glycol. Moreover, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 1,2-cyclopentanedione, 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-.alpha.-d-glucopyranose, 2-propenamide, and 2,5-anhydro-1,6-dideoxyhexo-3,4-diulose were produced by this plant in response to the glycols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattrarat Teamkao
- a Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioresources and Technology , King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi , Bangkok , Thailand
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16
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Panizza M. Anodic oxidation of benzoquinone using diamond anode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:8451-8456. [PMID: 24710725 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2782-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The anodic degradation of 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ), one of the most toxic xenobiotic, was investigated by electrochemical oxidation at boron-doped diamond anode. The electrolyses have been performed in a single-compartment flow cell in galvanostatic conditions. The influence of applied current (0.5-2 A), BQ concentration (1-2 g dm(-3)), temperature (20-45 °C) and flow rate (100-300 dm(3) h(-1)) has been studied. BQ decay kinetic, the evolution of its oxidation intermediates and the mineralization of the aqueous solutions were monitored during the electrolysis by high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements. The results obtained show that the use of diamond anode leads to total mineralization of BQ in any experimental conditions due to the production of oxidant hydroxyl radicals electrogenerated from water discharge. The decay kinetics of BQ removal follows a pseudo-first-order reaction, and the rate constant increases with rising current density. The COD removal rate was favoured by increasing of applied current, recirculating flow rate and it is almost unaffected by solution temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Panizza
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, P.le J.F. Kennedy 1, 16129, Genoa, Italy,
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Use of a Dual Arrangement of Flow Cells for Electrochemical Decontamination of Aqueous Solutions Containing Synthetic Dyes. Electrocatalysis (N Y) 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12678-013-0143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Rabaaoui N, Saad MEK, Moussaoui Y, Allagui MS, Bedoui A, Elaloui E. Anodic oxidation of o-nitrophenol on BDD electrode: variable effects and mechanisms of degradation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 250-251:447-453. [PMID: 23500425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of pesticide, o-nitrophenol (ONP) as one kind of pesticide that is potentially dangerous and biorefractory, was studied by galvanostatic electrolysis using boron-doped diamond (BDD) as anode. The influence of several operating parameters, such as applied current density, supporting electrolyte, and initial pH value, was investigated. The best degradation occurred in the presence of Na2SO4 (0.05 M) as conductive electrolyte. After 8h, nearly complete degradation of o-nitrophenol was achieved (92%) using BDD electrodes at pH 3 and at current density equals 60 mA cm(-2). The decay kinetics of o-nitrophenol follows a pseudo-first-order reaction. Aromatic intermediates such as catechol, resorcinol, 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, hydroquinone and benzoquinone and carboxylic acids such as maleic glycolic, malonic, glyoxilic and oxalic, have been identified and followed during the ONP treatment by chromatographic techniques. From these anodic oxidation by-products, a plausible reaction sequence for ONP mineralization on BDD anodes is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejmeddine Rabaaoui
- Materials, Environment and Energy Laboratory (06/UR/12-01), Science Faculty of Gafsa, 2112, University of Gafsa, Tunisia.
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Rabaaoui N, Moussaoui Y, Allagui MS, Ahmed B, Elaloui E. Anodic oxidation of nitrobenzene on BDD electrode: Variable effects and mechanisms of degradation. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Pliego G, Zazo JA, Blasco S, Casas JA, Rodriguez JJ. Treatment of Highly Polluted Hazardous Industrial Wastewaters by Combined Coagulation–Adsorption and High-Temperature Fenton Oxidation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie202587b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gema Pliego
- Ingenieria Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049
Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. Zazo
- Ingenieria Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049
Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Blasco
- Ingenieria Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049
Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A. Casas
- Ingenieria Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049
Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J. Rodriguez
- Ingenieria Quimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049
Madrid, Spain
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Jeong J, Lee J. Electrochemical oxidation of industrial wastewater with the tube type electrolysis module system. Sep Purif Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2011.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Choi JY, Lee YJ, Shin J, Yang JW. Anodic oxidation of 1,4-dioxane on boron-doped diamond electrodes for wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 179:762-768. [PMID: 20381243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 03/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A study of the anodic oxidation of 1,4-dioxane, a refractory water pollutant, by boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes was carried out under a range of major system variables: initial concentration, current density, temperature, pH, and electrolyte concentration. The 1,4-dioxane removal behavior was monitored by chemical oxygen demand (COD), and the results were compared with theoretical models for the electrochemical incineration of organic compounds. The removal efficiency of COD was shown to be greater than 95% in most cases, and no electrode fouling was observed during the reaction. Experimental degradation behavior agreed well with the theoretical models, implying that system variables can be predicted, even when the process is applied at pilot scale. Processes conducted at lower initial concentrations and higher temperatures yielded better energy consumption efficiency. Conditions of higher current density yielded faster degradation but need greater quantities of charge loading into the system. Therefore, a compromise between treatment time and energy consumption is required to achieve the desired efficiency. Meanwhile, pH and electrolyte concentrations did not affect reaction efficiency, suggesting that pH adjustment prior to wastewater treatment is not necessary. Thus, anodic oxidation of 1,4-dioxane by BDD electrodes promises to be both an economical and an efficient in wastewater treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Young Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Program), KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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23
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Rankin K, Bejan D, Bunce NJ. Electrochemical Oxidation of the Sulfide Ion in Synthetic Geothermal Brines in Batch Cells Using Coke Electrodes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie901511a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keegan Rankin
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Chemistry Department, University of Guelph, 50, Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Dorin Bejan
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Chemistry Department, University of Guelph, 50, Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Nigel J. Bunce
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Chemistry Department, University of Guelph, 50, Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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Mascia M, Vacca A, Polcaro AM, Palmas S, Ruiz JR, Da Pozzo A. Electrochemical treatment of phenolic waters in presence of chloride with boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes: experimental study and mathematical model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 174:314-322. [PMID: 19815340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This work deals with an experimental and numerical study on the electrochemical treatment of waters containing phenolic compounds with boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes. Anodic oxidation of m-cresol, as a model of phenolic compound, was investigated by galvanostatic electrolyses. The electrolyses were carried out under different experimental conditions by using an impinging-jet flow cell inserted in a hydraulic circuit in a closed loop. On the basis of the experimental results a mathematical model was implemented to simulate the effect of the chemistry of organic compounds and solution on the process, in particular the effect of chlorides on the kinetics of m-cresol oxidation. The effect of hydrodynamics of the cell on the mass transfer towards the electrode surface was also considered. The model was validated through comparison with experimental data: the results showed that the proposed model well interpreted the complex effect on removal efficiency of such operative parameters as current density, hydrodynamic of the reactor and chemistry of the solution. The model predictions were utilised to obtain quantitative information on the reaction mechanism, as well as to predict the performance of the process under different operative conditions, by calculating some relevant figures of merit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Mascia
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Università di Cagliari Piazza d'Armi 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
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25
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Panizza M, Cerisola G. Direct and mediated anodic oxidation of organic pollutants. Chem Rev 2010; 109:6541-69. [PMID: 19658401 DOI: 10.1021/cr9001319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1139] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Panizza
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Genoa, P.le J. F. Kennedy 1, 16129 Genoa, Italy.
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26
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Panizza M, Cerisola G. Electrochemical degradation of gallic acid on a BDD anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 77:1060-1064. [PMID: 19775725 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Revised: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) has been studied on a boron-doped diamond anode (BDD). Cyclic voltammetries, chronoamperometries and bulk electrolyses were performed to characterise the electrochemical behaviour of gallic acid on diamond-type anode and to study the kinetics of gallic acid degradation. UV spectroscopy, HPLC analysis, COD and TOC measurements were conducted to study the reaction pathway for gallic acid mineralisation. The results showed that both direct and mediated electrochemical processes were involved in the oxidation of gallic acid. The degradation of gallic acid evidenced a pseudo first-order kinetics and the rate constant increased with applied current. Aliphatic acids were the main intermediates formed during the electrolyses and they were finally mineralised to CO(2) and water. The degradation rate on boron-doped diamond was under mass-transport control and was favoured by the increase of the flow rate of the solution into the electrochemical reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Panizza
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Genoa, P.le J.F. Kennedy 1, 16129 Genova, Italy.
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27
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Aloui F, Kchaou S, Sayadi S. Physicochemical treatments of anionic surfactants wastewater: Effect on aerobic biodegradability. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 164:353-359. [PMID: 18799262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Revised: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The effect of different physicochemical treatments on the aerobic biodegradability of an industrial wastewater resulting from a cosmetic industry has been investigated. This industrial wastewater contains 11423 and 3148mgL(-1) of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and anionic surfactants, respectively. The concentration of COD and anionic surfactants were followed throughout the diverse physicochemical treatments and biodegradation experiments. Different pretreatments of this industrial wastewater using chemical flocculation process with lime and aluminium sulphate (alum), and also advanced oxidation process (electro-coagulation (Fe and Al) and electro-Fenton) led to important COD and anionic surfactants removals. The best results were obtained using electro-Fenton process, exceeding 98 and 80% of anionic surfactants and COD removals, respectively. The biological treatment by an isolated strain Citrobacter braakii of the surfactant wastewater, as well as the pretreated wastewater by the various physicochemical processes used in this study showed that the best results were obtained with electro-Fenton pretreated wastewater. The characterization of the treated surfactant wastewater by the integrated process (electro-coagulation or electro-Fenton)-biological showed that it respects Tunisian discharge standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathi Aloui
- Laboratoire des Bioprocédés, Pôle d'Excellence Régional AUF (PER-LBP), Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, BP: 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
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28
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Anglada A, Urtiaga A, Ortiz I. Pilot scale performance of the electro-oxidation of landfill leachate at boron-doped diamond anodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:2035-40. [PMID: 19368210 DOI: 10.1021/es802748c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
During the electrochemical oxidation of real wastewaters, the different species present in the effluent may interact creating complex scenarios making the prediction of the behavior of the whole system difficult. In this paper the different phenomena that occur during the electro-oxidation process of landfill leachate at a pilot plant scale with boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes are elucidated. The total BDD anode area of the pilot plant was 1.05 m2. The evolution of the concentration of chloride ions, chlorate, and inorganic carbon and the value of pH and redox potential were found to be inter-related. In turn, the concentration of chloride affected the oxidation of ammonia, which took place through indirect oxidation by active chlorine. Moreover, chloride ions competed with organic matter to be oxidized at the anode. The effect of current density was also investigated. Organic matter and ammonia oxidation were highly influenced by the applied current density value. A change in the mechanism of organic matter oxidation was observed when high current densities were applied. Two mathematical models, previously applied to the oxidation of synthetic wastewaters in the literature, were able to predict the evolution of chemical oxygen demand and ammonia for low current density values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Anglada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cantabria, Avenida de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
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29
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Zhang G, Yang F, Gao M, Fang X, Liu L. Electro-Fenton degradation of azo dye using polypyrrole/anthraquinonedisulphonate composite film modified graphite cathode in acidic aqueous solutions. Electrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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