1
|
Liu S, Wang Q, Liang J, Li J, Shao Z, Han Y, Arslan M, El-Din MG, Li Z, Chen C. The potential effects of N-Acyl homoserine lactones on aerobic sludge granulation during phenolic wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118654. [PMID: 38485076 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The formation of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is relatively difficult during the treatment of refractory wastewater, which generally shows small granular sizes and poor stability. The formation of AGS is regulated by N-Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs)-mediated quorum sensing (QS). However, the potential role of AHLs in AGS formation under the toxic stress of refractory pollutants and the heterogeneity in the distribution and function of AHLs across different aggregates are not well understood. This study investigated the potential effects of AHLs on the formation of AGS during phenolic wastewater treatment. The distribution and succession of AHLs across varying granular sizes and development stages of AGS were investigated. Results showed that AGS was successfully formed in 13 days with an average granular size of 335 ± 39 μm and phenol removal efficiency of >99%. The levels of AHLs initially increased and then decreased. C4-HSL and 3-oxo-C10-HSL were enriched in large granules, suggesting they may play a pivotal role in regulating the concentration and composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The content of EPS constantly increased to 149.4 mg/gVSS, and protein (PN) was enriched in small and large granules. Luteococcus was the dominant genus constituting up to 62% after the granulation process, and exhibited a strong association with C4-HSL. AHLs might also regulate the bacterial community responsible for EPS production, and pollutant removal, and facilitate the proliferation of slow-growing microorganisms, thereby enhancing the formation of AGS. The synthesis and dynamics of AHLs were mainly governed by AHLs-producing bacterial strains of Rhodobacter and Pseudomonas, and AHLs-quenching strains of Flavobacterium and Comamonas. C4-HSL and 3-oxo-C10-HSL might be the major contributors to promoting sludge granulation under phenol stress and play critical roles in large granules. These findings enhance our understanding of the roles that AHLs play in sludge granulation under toxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Qinghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Jiahao Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Process and Control, Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Zhiguo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Yehua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Muhammad Arslan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Mohamed Gamal El-Din
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Chunmao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zou Y, Yang M, Tao Q, Zhu K, Liu X, Wan C, Harder MK, Yan Q, Liang B, Ntaikou I, Antonopoulou G, Lyberatos G, Zhang Y. Recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) polymers from a mixed microbial culture through combined ultrasonic disruption and alkaline digestion. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116786. [PMID: 36410150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PHAs are a form of cellular storage polymers with diverse structural and material properties, and their biodegradable and renewable nature makes them a potential green alternative to fossil fuel-based plastics. PHAs are obtained through extraction via various mechanical, physical and chemical processes after their intracellular synthesis. Most studies have until now focused on pure cultures, while information on mixed microbial cultures (MMC) remains limited. In this study, ultrasonic (US) disruption and alkaline digestion by NaOH were applied individually and in combination to obtain PHAs products from an acclimated MMC using phenol as the carbon source. Various parameters were tested, including ultrasonic sound energy density, NaOH concentration, treatment time and temperature, and biomass density. US alone caused limited cell lysis and resulted in high energy consumption and low efficiency. NaOH of 0.05-0.2 M was more efficient in cell disruption, but led to PHAs degradation under elevated temperature and prolonged treatment. Combining US and NaOH significantly improved the overall process efficiency, which could reduce energy consumption by 2/3rds with only minimal PHAs degradation. The most significant factor was identified to be NaOH dosage and treatment time, with US sound energy density playing a minor role. Under the semi-optimized condition (0.2 M NaOH, 1300 W L-1, 10 min), over 70% recovery and 80% purity were achieved from a 3 g L-1 MMC slurry of approximately 50% PHAs fraction. The material and thermal properties of the products were analyzed, and the polymers obtained from US + NaOH treatments showed comparable or higher molecular weight to previously reported results. The products also exhibited good thermal stability and rheological properties, compared to the commercial standard. In conclusion, the combined US and NaOH method has the potential in real application as an efficient process to obtain high quality PHAs from MMC, and cost-effectiveness can be further optimized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zou
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfeng Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyue Tao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Keliang Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunli Wan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Marie K Harder
- Values and Sustainability Research Group, Cockcroft Building, University of Brighton, Lewes Road, BN2 4GJ, United Kingdom
| | - Qun Yan
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo Liang
- Adesso Advanced Materials Wuhu Co. Ltd., Bldg.6, Xinghui Science and Technology Industrial Park, Sanshan District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ioanna Ntaikou
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Platani, Patras, GR 26504, Greece
| | | | - Gerasimos Lyberatos
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Platani, Patras, GR 26504, Greece; School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, GR 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yukesh Kannah R, Dinesh Kumar M, Kavitha S, Rajesh Banu J, Kumar Tyagi V, Rajaguru P, Kumar G. Production and recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from waste streams - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128203. [PMID: 36330969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are the more attractive sustainable green plastic, and it has the potential to replace petroleum-based plastics (PBP) in the global market. Recently, most of the developed and developing countries have banned the use of traditional PBP. This increases the demand for green plastic production and positively impacts the global market. Producing green plastic from various waste streams such as whey, animal, and crude glycerol will be eco-friendly and cost-effective. However, the factors influencing the environmental sustainability of PHA production from different waste streams are still unclear. This review could be reinforced concrete to researchers to gather deep knowledge on techno-economic analysis, life-cycle assessment, environmental and ecological risks caused during PHA production from different waste streams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Yukesh Kannah
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu 627007 India; Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, SUNY, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, United States of America
| | - M Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu 627007 India; Department of Civil Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kavitha
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu 627007 India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu 610005, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - P Rajaguru
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu 610005, India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Procópio PF, de Aquino SF, Adarme OFH. Aerobic post-treatment of effluent from anaerobic reactors fed with residues from 1G and 2G sugarcane biorefineries. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10771. [PMID: 35906843 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate an activated sludge system as a post-treatment step of anaerobic effluents from the co-digestion of sugarcane vinasse and hemicelluloses hydrolysate. The system consisted, initially, of a two-stage anaerobic system followed by a continuously fed activated sludge, all in bench scale. After adaptation of aerobic microorganisms to effluent conditions, the anaerobic digestion was conducted in a single-stage anaerobic reactor, increasing the influent organic loading rate (OLR) of activated sludge from 0.73 to an average of 2.36 gCOD/L·day. Under optimal conditions (12-h hydraulic retention time [HRT]), a 62 ± 9% efficiency was observed on the aerobic post-treatment, resulting in effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 414.3 ± 95 mg/L. Overall efficiency of the combined system (anaerobic + aerobic) averaged 88 ± 3%. Influent and effluent characteristics were then analyzed by Folin-Ciocalteau method, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for identification of potentially toxic and recalcitrant compounds. Compounds that absorb light within the visible spectra were well removed by the combined treatment system. Most compounds identified by GC-MS in the influent were completely removed by aerobic microorganisms. Saturated fatty acids such as adipic acid, hexadecanoic acid, and octadecanoic acid were observed in the final effluent, as well as other potentially toxic compounds such as stigmasterol, di-isobutyl phthalate, and benzene. Activated sludge proved to be an efficient post-treatment for anaerobic co-digestion, able to cope with changes of anaerobic effluent quality and providing a final effluent of stable organic load. However, phenol removal was not efficient and further studies could be performed to optimize its degradation. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Conventional activated sludge with a 12-h HRT was capable of handling significant OLR variation, providing a final effluent with lower and stable COD concentration. Glucose addition for carbon supplementation was necessary during the start-up of activated sludge. Compounds that absorb light within the visible spectra were mostly removed by the combined (anaerobic-aerobic) treatment system. Most potentially toxic compounds were well removed in the post-treatment system. Saturated fatty acids, VFA, phenols, and low molecular weight aromatic compounds remained in the final effluent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Fontoura Procópio
- Graduate Programme in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Oscar Fernando Herrera Adarme
- Graduate Programme in Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen X, Feng L, Zheng W, Chen S, Yang Y, Xie S. Shifts in structure and function of bacterial community in river and fish pond sediments after a phenol spill. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:14987-14998. [PMID: 34622407 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16514-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phenol is widely used in industrial processes and has microbial toxicity. However, the effects of a phenol spill on the microbial community are not clear. The present study explored the changes of bacterial communities in river and fish pond sediments after a phenol spill. The bacterial richness and diversity in river sediments were lower on day 30 (36 days after the spill) than on day 0, while they increased in fish pond sediments. The structures and functions of bacterial communities in both river and fish pond sediments were changed, and a more dramatical variation was detected in fish pond sediments. In river sediments, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Nitrospirae were the major bacterial phyla, and Chloroflexi was enriched. In fish pond sediments, genera Brevibacillus dominated bacterial communities initially, and bacterial composition showed a dramatic change on day 30. Most predicted metabolism functions, as well as genetic information processing functions of translation, replication, and repair, were enhanced in both river and fish pond sediments, while they showed an opposite change trend for xenobiotic degradation function. This work could strengthen our understanding of the effects of phenol spills on sediment bacterial communities in both lotic and lentic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lishi Feng
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES), Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Wenli Zheng
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES), Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Sili Chen
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES), Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Yuyin Yang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES), Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Shuguang Xie
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tiso T, Winter B, Wei R, Hee J, de Witt J, Wierckx N, Quicker P, Bornscheuer UT, Bardow A, Nogales J, Blank LM. The metabolic potential of plastics as biotechnological carbon sources - Review and targets for the future. Metab Eng 2021; 71:77-98. [PMID: 34952231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The plastic crisis requires drastic measures, especially for the plastics' end-of-life. Mixed plastic fractions are currently difficult to recycle, but microbial metabolism might open new pathways. With new technologies for degradation of plastics to oligo- and monomers, these carbon sources can be used in biotechnology for the upcycling of plastic waste to valuable products, such as bioplastics and biosurfactants. We briefly summarize well-known monomer degradation pathways and computed their theoretical yields for industrially interesting products. With this information in hand, we calculated replacement scenarios of existing fossil-based synthesis routes for the same products. Thereby, we highlight fossil-based products for which plastic monomers might be attractive alternative carbon sources. Notably, not the highest yield of product on substrate of the biochemical route, but rather the (in-)efficiency of the petrochemical routes (i.e., carbon, energy use) determines the potential of biochemical plastic upcycling. Our results might serve as a guide for future metabolic engineering efforts towards a sustainable plastic economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Till Tiso
- Institute of Applied Microbiology - iAMB, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Winter
- Energy & Process Systems Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Ren Wei
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Johann Hee
- Unit of Technology of Fuels, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jan de Witt
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Peter Quicker
- Unit of Technology of Fuels, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology and Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - André Bardow
- Energy & Process Systems Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Institute of Energy and Climate Research (IEK 10), Research Center Jülich GmbH, Germany
| | - Juan Nogales
- Department of Systems Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Interdisciplinary Platform for Sustainable Plastics Towards a Circular Economy-Spanish National Research Council (SusPlast-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lars M Blank
- Institute of Applied Microbiology - iAMB, Aachen Biology and Biotechnology - ABBt, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Amorim de Carvalho CD, Ferreira Dos Santos A, Tavares Ferreira TJ, Sousa Aguiar Lira VN, Mendes Barros AR, Bezerra Dos Santos A. Resource recovery in aerobic granular sludge systems: is it feasible or still a long way to go? CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129881. [PMID: 33582539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lately, wastewater treatment plants are much often being designed as wastewater-resource factories inserted in circular cities. Among biological treatment technologies, aerobic granular sludge (AGS), considered an evolution of activated sludge (AS), has received great attention regarding its resource recovery potential. This review presents the state-of-the-art concerning the influence of operational parameters on the recovery of alginate-like exopolysaccharides (ALE), tryptophan, phosphorus, and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from AGS systems. The carbon to nitrogen ratio was identified as a parameter that plays an important role for the optimal production of ALE, tryptophan, and PHA. The sludge retention time effect is more pronounced for the production of ALE and tryptophan. Additionally, salinity levels in the bioreactors can potentially be manipulated to increase ALE and phosphorus yields simultaneously. Some existing knowledge gaps in the scientific literature concerning the recovery of these resources from AGS were also identified. Regarding industrial applications, tryptophan has the longest way to go. On the other hand, ALE production/recovery could be considered the most mature process if we take into account that existing alternatives for phosphorus and PHA production/recovery are optimized for activated sludge rather than granular sludge. Consequently, to maintain the same effectiveness, these processes likely could not be applied to AGS without undergoing some modification. Therefore, investigating to what extent these adaptations are necessary and designing alternatives is essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara de Amorim de Carvalho
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ferreira Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - André Bezerra Dos Santos
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng Z, Li J, Wang C. Rapid cultivation of the aerobic granules for simultaneous phenol degradation and ammonium oxidation in a sequencing batch reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124414. [PMID: 33493744 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rapid cultivation strategy of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for simultaneous phenol degradation and ammonium oxidation was studied in a sequence batch reactor (SBR). The short-term inhibitory kinetics of phenol was studied through batch experiments. For the sodium acetate fed AGS, the phenol inhibition constants (Ki) of specific oxygen utilization rate by heterotrophic bacteria (SOURh) was 508.6 mg/L. The Ki of specific ammonium utilization rate (SAUR) was 232.3 mg/L. After 28 days' acclimatization, the phenol and NH4+-N removal rates of the SBR reached 94.0% and 96.4% when the influent phenol and NH4+-N concentrations were 1000 and 33.5 mg/L, respectively. The phenol removal loading rate was 1.69 kg/(m3·d). For the mature phenol&ammonium degrading AGS, the polysaccharide (PS) and protein (PN) concentrations were 247.4 ± 10.3 and 68.6 ± 6.5 mg/g VSS, respectively. The functional groups analysis showed that the amount of OH, NH, CO and CC groups remained unchanged in the mature phenol&ammonium degrading AGS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Changwen Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wastewater Treatment Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao ZQ, Wei XM, Shen XL, Abbas G, Fan R, Jin Y. Aerobic degradation of 4-fluoroaniline and 2,4-difluoroaniline: performance and microbial community in response to the inocula. Biodegradation 2021; 32:53-71. [PMID: 33428058 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-021-09925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a distinct inoculum was investigated as an isolated variable within sequencing batch reactors via a comparison of the 4-fluoroaniline (4-FA) or 2,4-difluoroaniline (2,4-DFA) removal amounts. The inocula were derived from a treatment plant for treating pharmaceutical wastewater plus a small amount of municipal sewage (PMS), a treatment plant for treating fluoridated hydrocarbon wastewater (FHS), and a treatment plant for treating the comprehensive wastewater in an industrial park (CIS). There were slight differences among the degradation patterns of the 4-FA for the three inocula, whether during the enrichment period or the high concentration shock period. In contrast, it was observed that the degradation efficiency of 2,4-DFA initially varied with the inocula. The FHS-derived inoculum was determined to be optimal, exhibiting the earliest degradation reaction only after an acclimation of 7 days had the highest degradation rate constant of 0.519 h-1, and had the fastest recovery time of three weeks after high concentration shock. Additionally, compared with the PMS-derived inoculum, the CIS-derived inoculum exhibited an earlier degradation reaction within three weeks, and a higher microbial diversity, but a lower shock resistance and degradation rate constant of 0.257 h-1. High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that each final consortium was different in composition, and the microbial consortia developed well on the inoculum and substrate. In comparison of the similarity among the three 2,4-DFA enrichment cultures, the higher similarity (63.9-70.0%) among three final consortia enriching with 4-FA was observed. The results indicated that the inoculum played an important role in the degradation of FAs and the microbial bacterial communities of final consortia, and the effect extent might well depend on the fluorinated level of FAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qing Zhao
- College of Chemical & Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 324000, People's Republic of China. .,College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Meng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region & Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Xiao-Li Shen
- College of Chemical & Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 324000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Rui Fan
- College of Chemical & Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 324000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jin
- College of Chemical & Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, 324000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Zhou W, Zhan X, Chi Z, Li W, He B, Tan S. Biodegradation performance and biofouling control of a halophilic biocarriers-MBR in saline pharmaceutical (ampicillin-containing) wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127949. [PMID: 32822933 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work develops a halophilic biocarriers-MBR for saline pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. The system has effectively treated the ampicillin-containing saline wastewater for 32 days, when the ampicillin concentration is lower than 20 mg/L. The system can tolerate the saline organic wastewater with a reasonable biodegradability (removals of COD over 75%) when the ampicillin concentration is 50 mg/L. The system has a bad performance in biodegradation (COD removals around 60-70%) and fouled within 16 days at a high ampicillin concentration of 100 mg/L. At high transmembrane pressures over 30 KPa, some ampicillin molecules may permeate through the membrane causing decreases in the ampicillin removal. The concentrations of protein and carbohydrate in EPS and SMP have increased over time and with increasing the ampicillin concentration. The method of biofouling control in MBR for the ampicillin situations has been proposed based on monitoring the concentrations of EPS and SMP. The drying-assisted monitoring of membrane biofoulants has showed a better efficiency than the monitoring of transmembrane pressure for membrane anti-biofouling in the treatment of pharmaceutical saline wastewaters where a spectroscopic detection can be hardly applied. This work may benefit relative research works for the control of biodegradation performance and membrane biofouling to better treat saline pharmaceutical wastewaters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanyong Zhang
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Wenhu Zhou
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Xuehui Zhan
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China
| | - Zhenxing Chi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China
| | - Binsheng He
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China
| | - Songwen Tan
- Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, Shandong, 264209, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tomar SK, Chakraborty S. Impact of high phenol loading on aerobic granules from two different kinds of industrial sludge along with thiocyanate and ammonium. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123824. [PMID: 32688255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two sequencing batch reactors inoculated with two different kinds of industrial sludge; refinery sludge (R1) and brewery sludge (R2), were operated to observe the impact of high phenol loading (5.71 kg COD m-3 day-1) along with 100 mg L-1 of ammonia-nitrogen and thiocyanate on the granular stability and performance. R2 granules were stable and degraded all the pollutants up to an organic loading of 5.71 kg COD m-3 day-1 with the large size and high extracellular polymeric substances of 2769.94 ± 62.26 µm and 114.83 ± 1.33 mg gVSS-1, respectively, whereas R1 granules disintegrated at an organic loading of more than 3.32 kg COD m-3 day-1. At higher phenol loading, granular biomass activity was 3.43 and 16.35 mg COD removed mgVSS-1 day-1 in R1 and R2, respectively, from the initial sludge activities of 8.01 (refinery sludge) and 6.56 (brewery sludge) mg COD removed mgVSS-1 day-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar Tomar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Saswati Chakraborty
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sabapathy PC, Devaraj S, Meixner K, Anburajan P, Kathirvel P, Ravikumar Y, Zabed HM, Qi X. Recent developments in Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123132. [PMID: 32220472 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are inevitably a key biopolymer that has the potential to replace the conventional petrochemical based plastics that pose jeopardy to the environment globally. Even then the reach of PHA in the common market is so restricted. The economy of PHA is such that, even after several attempts the overall production cost seems to be high and this very factor surpasses PHAs usage when compared to the conventional polymers. The major focus of the review relies on the synthesis of PHA from Mixed Microbial Cultures (MMCs), through a 3-stage process most probably utilizing feedstocks from waste streams or models that mimic them. Emphasis was given to the works carried out in the past decade and their coherence with each and every individual criteria (Aeration, Substrate and bioprocess parameters) such that to understand their effect in enhancing the overall production of PHA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poorna Chandrika Sabapathy
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Sabarinathan Devaraj
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Katharina Meixner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Parthiban Anburajan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Preethi Kathirvel
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641046, India
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiang Y, Yang K, Shang Y, Zhang H, Wei L, Wang H. Response and recovery of aerobic granular sludge to pH shock for simultaneous removal of aniline and nitrogen. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 221:366-374. [PMID: 30641378 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Considering the pH fluctuation in industrial wastewater, the response and resilience to pH shock should be investigated during aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system operation. In this work, three AGS reactors, namely R1, R2, and R3 for simultaneous removal of aniline and nitrogen were exposed to neutral, acidic, and alkaline conditions, respectively. The removal efficiency of aniline and chemical oxygen demand with pH variation was over 99.9% and 91.0%, respectively after stable in the three reactors. The aniline removal rate modestly decreased in R2 and R3 after pH varied and denitrification was slightly improved in acidic environment with average removal efficiency of 61.2%. The mature AGS could maintain settleability in R1 and R2 with 30 min sludge volume index below 35 mL g-1 but was unstable under alkaline condition. Correspondingly, the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances especially protein decreased notably in R3. The bacterial groups varied with pH shock, but some could recover after adjustment to original pH value. Proteobacteria was the predominant phylum in the three reactors and Bacteroidetes was enriched in alkaline conditions. In addition, the main functional genera such as Achromobacter, Defluviimonas, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Pseudoxanthomonas, were detected in the system and were found to be responsible for reduction of aniline and nitrogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu Shang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huining Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang Y, Wei L, Yang K, Wang H. Investigation of rapid granulation in SBRs treating aniline-rich wastewater with different aniline loading rates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 646:841-849. [PMID: 30064110 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, aerobic granules were cultivated in two reactors which were denoted as RL and RH under 0.6 and 1.8 kg m-3 d-1 of aniline loading rates, respectively. The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) in the two sequential batch reactors for treating aniline-rich wastewater was compared. The results showed that the AGS could be rapidly formed with sludge volume index below 30 mL g-1. The AGS in RL had more filamentous bacteria than that in RH by microstructural observations while the secretion of protein in extracellular polymeric substances was improved in RH and in turn increased relative hydrophobicity of AGS. Within 4-h cycle, the excellent removal of aniline and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were achieved in the two reactors. The removal efficiencies of aniline and COD were consistently over 99.7%, 89.6%, respectively in RL and 98.6%, 86.6%, respectively in RH. As for nitrogen removal, NH4+-N released from aniline biodegradation could also be reduced efficiently via nitrification and no nitrite accumulation occurred in both the reactors. Total nitrogen removal performance in RH was better, due to a more compact structure of AGS. The investigation of microbial community succession by pyrosequencing showed that the diversity of microorganisms decreased when AGS was developed. Proteobacteria especially Gammaproteobacteria significantly increased during aerobic granulation in both reactors. It was also found that the relative abundance of Actinobacteria was higher in RH than that in RL. Furthermore, the strains responsible for aniline biodegradation, nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorous accumulation were detected in the systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from phenol in an acclimated consortium: Batch study and impacts of operational conditions. J Biotechnol 2018; 267:36-44. [PMID: 29305323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microbial intracellular biopolymer PHA was synthesized from toxic pollutant phenol by an acclimated consortium. Various operational conditions were experimented for their effects on biomass growth and PHA accumulation. Carbon to nitrogen ratios from 5 to 40 (w/w) showed little impact, as did the levels of Fe, Ca and Mg in a short term. Acidic pH inhibited both growth and PHA synthesis, and an optimal dissolved oxygen level of 1-4 mg L-1 was identified. Low temperature (7 °C) significantly slowed but did not totally repress microbial activities. A 2% NaCl shock retarded reactions and 4% NaCl caused irreversible damage. Various initial phenol (S0) and biomass concentrations (X0) were combined to study the effect of food to microbe (F/M) ratio. High S0 and F/M exerted toxicity, reducing reaction rates but generating higher ultimate PHA wt% in biomass. Increasing X0 alleviated phenol inhibition and improved productivity and carbon conversion from phenol. A pseudo-optimized F/M ratio of 0.2-0.4 and a maximum PHA% rate of 1.15% min-1 were identified under medium S0/high X0. This study is the first to systematically investigate the feasibility of toxic industrial waste as the carbon source for PHA production, and likely the only one indicating potential for scaling-up and industrialization.
Collapse
|
16
|
Nancharaiah YV, Kiran Kumar Reddy G. Aerobic granular sludge technology: Mechanisms of granulation and biotechnological applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:1128-1143. [PMID: 28985995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a novel microbial community which allows simultaneous removal of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in a single sludge system. AGS is distinct from activated sludge in physical, chemical and microbiological properties and offers compact and cost-effective treatment for removing oxidized and reduced contaminants from wastewater. AGS sequencing batch reactors have shown their utility in the treatment of abattoir, live-stock, rubber, landfill leachate, dairy, brewery, textile and other effluents. AGS is extensively researched for wide-spread implementation in sewage treatment plants. However, formation of AGS takes relatively much longer time while treating low-strength wastewaters like sewage. Strategies like increased volumetric flow by means of short cycles and mixing of sewage with industrial wastewaters can promote AGS formation while treating low-strength sewage. This article reviewed the state of research on AGS formation mechanisms, bioremediation capabilities and biotechnological applications of AGS technology in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y V Nancharaiah
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400 094, India.
| | - G Kiran Kumar Reddy
- Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam 603102, Tamil Nadu, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Adibzadeh A, Rezaee A, Salehi Z. Enhancement of lipase activity for the oily wastewater treatment by an electrostimulation process. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24545e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of electrostimulation on bacterial lipase activity and COD removal was studied using a laboratory bioelectrochemical system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Adibzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering
- Faculty of Medical Sciences
- Tarbiat Modares University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - A. Rezaee
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering
- Faculty of Medical Sciences
- Tarbiat Modares University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Z. Salehi
- School of Chemical Engineering
- College of Engineering
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| |
Collapse
|