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Fei Q, Li W, Wang S, Zhou Z, Wang W, Li M. Risk and mechanisms of phosphorus release at the sediment-water interface of lakes in cold and arid regions during non-frozen seasons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:23579-23590. [PMID: 38421544 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the eutrophication of lakes has accelerated in cold arid regions; the release of nutrients from sediments is an important contributor. The sequential extraction method, high-resolution peeper (HR-Peeper), and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) techniques were used to study the occurrence characteristics, release risk, and release mechanism of phosphorus (P) at the sediment-water interface (SWI) of Ulanor Wetland in the Hulun Lake Basin, Inner Mongolia, China. The mean total P concentration in overlying water was lower in August than that in May. Dissolved organic P (DOP) or particulate P (PP) was the main form of P in the overlying water. PP dominates in May and DOP in August. Refractory P was the main form of P in sediments. The concentrations of soluble reactive P and DGT-active P in the pore water of the sediment column were higher than those in the overlying water, and the concentrations were higher in August than those in May. Release of P in the wetland sediments occurred during the non-frozen seasons, with a higher risk in August than in May. The good linear correlation between dissolved P, Fe, and Mn in the DGT profiles verified their co-release due to the anaerobic reduction of Fe/Mn oxides. Moreover, alkaline sediments are also conducive to the release of sediment P. This study can provide data and theoretical support for eutrophication control in Ulanor Wetland and other similar water bodies in cold and arid regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
- State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhanqi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Mengze Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
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2
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Gu Z, Yuan D, Huang Y, Lin K. In-situ measurement of dissolved sulfide in surface sediment porewater using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) coupled with digital imaging. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169784. [PMID: 38181945 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved sulfide in sediment porewater significantly influences aquatic ecosystems. Conventionally, sulfide determination in sediment porewater relies on ex-situ analytical methods, susceptible to measurement errors due to sulfide oxidation and volatilization during sample analysis. In this study, we introduced an innovative in-situ method for assessing dissolved sulfide in surface sediment porewater, leveraging the integration of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) with digital imaging. The DGT device effectively concentrates sulfide in sediment porewater, inducing observable color changes in the binding gel. Recordings of these changes, captured by imaging equipment, facilitated the establishment of calibration curves correlating grayscale value alterations in the binding gel to sulfide concentrations. Under optimal conditions, the developed method demonstrated a linear detection range of 3.0-200 μmol L-1 at 20 °C, particularly when the exposure time exceeded 180 min. The developed method is insensitive to salinity and suitable for measuring sulfide concentrations in various natural water environments. Compared to traditional ex-situ methods, our approach circumvents challenges linked to intricate pre-treatment, prolonged analysis duration, and significant systemic errors. This proposed method presents a real-time solution for sulfide concentration assessment in surface sediment porewater, empowering researchers with an efficient means to monitor and study dynamic sulfide levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Gu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coast Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coast Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yongming Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coast Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kunde Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coast Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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3
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Hu M, Yan R, Ni R, Wu H. Coastal degradation regulates the availability and diffusion kinetics of phosphorus at the sediment-water interface: Mechanisms and environmental implications. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121086. [PMID: 38171179 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Coastal wetlands have experienced considerable loss and degradation globally. However, how coastal degradation regulates sediment phosphorus (P) transformation and its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown in subtropical coastal ecosystems. This study conducted seasonal field measurements using high-resolution diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and dialysis (Peeper) techniques, as well as a DGT-induced fluxes in sediments (DIFS) model, to evaluate the mobilization and diffusion of P along a degradation gradient ranging from pristine wetlands to moderately and severely degraded sites. We observed that sediment P is diminished by coastal degradation, and severely degraded sites exhibit a decline in the concentration of available P, despite the presence of distinct seasonal patterns. High-resolution data based on DGT/Peeper analysis revealed that labile P and soluble reactive P (SRP) concentrations varied from 0.0006 mg L-1 to 0.084 mg L-1 (mean 0.0147 mg L-1) and from 0.0128 mg L-1 to 0.1677 mg L-1 (mean 0.0536 mg L-1), respectively. Coastal degradation had a substantial impact on increasing SRP and labile P concentrations, particularly at severely degraded sites. Although severely degraded wetlands appeared to be P sinks (negative P flux at these sites), we did also observe positive diffusive flux in October, indicating that coastal degradation may accelerate the diffusion and remobilization of sediment P into overlying water. The simulations of the DIFS model provided compelling proof of the high resupply capacity of sediment P at severely degraded sites, as supported by the increased R and k-1 values but decreased Tc values. Taken together, these results suggest coastal degradation reduces the sediment P pool, primarily attributed to the strong remobilization of P from the sediment to porewater and overlying water by enhancing the resupply capability and diffusion kinetics. This acceleration induces nutrient loss which adversely impacts the water quality of the surrounding ecosystem. To reduce the adverse effects of coastal degradation, it is essential to adopt a combination of conservation, restoration, and management efforts designed to mitigate the risk of internal P loading and release, and ultimately maintain a regional nutrient balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Processes of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Wetland Ecosystem Research Station of Minjiang Estuary, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou 350215, China.
| | - Ruibing Yan
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Ranxu Ni
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Hui Wu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
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4
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Zhou C, Gao Y, Zhang H, Luo M, Ma T, Li G, Vandeputte D, Leermakers M, Baeyens W. Phosphorus mobilization in sulfidic sediments in the Baltic Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168000. [PMID: 37871813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that the geochemical behavior of phosphorus (P) in sediments is closely related to that of Fe and Mn, but their relations remain unclear in long-term sulfidic sediments such as those of the Gotland Basin in the Baltic Sea. Therefore, P mobilization in these sediments at both shallow and deep sites was investigated in relation to that of Fe, Mn, and S. To achieve that aim, classic sediment slicing and subsequent solid phase sequential extraction were combined with in situ DGT (Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films) sampling, DIFS (DGT induced flux in sediments) modelling, and Visual MINTEQ calculations. Correlations between total dissolved and labile dissolved concentrations of P, Mn, and Fe in porewater, and the associations between labile fractions of these elements in the solid phase suggested two kinds of sources for P: The dissolution of P-bearing Fe oxides and/or Mn carbonates was observed in the shallower sites, while P and Mn release from different solid sources was observed in the deepest sites. Although the formation of Fe sulfides leads to extremely low dissolved Fe level in porewater, the simultaneous release of P with Mn/Fe was confirmed by theoretical calculations with Visual MINTEQ. The DIFS model showed that the resupply ability of P from sediment solids is determined by labile pool size. The application of experimental and theoretical methods made it possible to clarify the relationships between P, Fe, Mn and S in sulfidic sediments which may contribute to a better understanding of the P cycle in other sulfidic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhou
- Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China; Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yue Gao
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mingyue Luo
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tianhui Ma
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guanlei Li
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delphine Vandeputte
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Leermakers
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Yin Y, Zhang W, Cao X, Chen X, Tang J, Zhou Y, Li Q. Evaluation of sediment phosphorus dynamics in cascade reservoir systems: A case study of Weiyuan River, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 346:118980. [PMID: 37741190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Reservoirs tend to accumulate phosphorus (P) originating from agriculture, industry, and other upstream sources in sediment, with this stored P later released. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of sediment P release in reservoirs remains unclear. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics in P of the sediment and water of three cascade reservoirs in the Weiyuan River (Tuojiang tributary). The results showed elevated P in sediment [total P (TP): 1208.93 mg kg-1] and water (TP: 0.23 mg L-1) during the low-water season (LWS), which could be attributed to notably higher organic matter content (9.65%), finer particle size (20.95 μm), and extended hydraulic retention time (HRT: 13.13 days) downstream of the cascade reservoirs. Further study employing static in-situ diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and dynamic ex-situ adsorption kinetic experiments confirmed that the downstream release of P from sediments [diffusion flux (Fd): 1.67 mg m-2 d-1, equilibrium P concentrations (EPC0): 0.22 ± 0.10 mg L-1] greatly exceeded those upstream (-0.66 ± 0.17 mg m-2 d-1, 0.07 ± 0.001 mg L-1), Fe (II) was a critical factor in regulating sedimentary P release. The combined effects of high P in overlying water and sediment significantly stimulated downstream phytoplankton growth, particularly among cyanobacteria (26.48%) and green algae (8.33%). Further regulatory steps are needed to regulate LWS algal blooms downstream of cascade reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuepeng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil& Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil& Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China.
| | - Xi Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil& Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jinyong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil& Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Yuxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil& Water Pollution, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Qingman Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Yang J, Du C, Jin X, Lu H, Chan Q, Zhang J, Ma H, Zeng H, Li S. Optimization framework of sediment phosphate oxygen isotope pretreatment method based on large-scale application: A case study of Fuyang River basin. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20607. [PMID: 37817992 PMCID: PMC10560834 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphate oxygen isotope (δ18OP) technique is an effective tool to identify the source and transformation process of phosphorus. The poor applicability of existing δ18OP pretreatment methods for sediments hindered the large-scale application of δ18OP technology. This paper presents an optimization framework for the pretreatment of sediment δ18OP samples based on large-scale applications, using the Fuyang River Basin as a case study. The typical channel landscape outflow lake, South Lake, was selected as the most favorable point for assessing the applicability and optimizing the mainstream δ18OP pretreatment method, which was achieved by clarifying the sediment environmental characteristics of South Lake. To evaluate the suitability of the Blake and McLaughlin methods in South Lake, a comparative study was carried out based on five dimensions: phosphorus recovery rate, removal efficiency of organic matter, removal efficiency of extraction liquid impurity ion, experimental time, and reagent consumption cost. The findings demonstrated that the Blake method outperformed the McLaughlin method across all five dimensions. Based on the environmental characteristics of the sediments of South Lake, the Blake method was optimized from two perspectives, namely the substitution of reagents and adjustment and optimization of experimental procedures. This resulted in an enhancement of phosphorus recovery and organic matter removal efficiency, while also reducing the experimental time required. The optimized method also yielded satisfactory results when applied to the entire watershed. This research paper can thus offer valuable technical support for the widespread application of sediment δ18OP technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Ecological Remediation, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Water Conservancy, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Chengyu Du
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Ecological Remediation, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
- State Key Laboratory on Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Hengtong Lu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
| | - Qingqing Chan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
| | - Hailong Ma
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
| | - Huiying Zeng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
| | - Simin Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, 056038, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Ecological Remediation, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, China
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Wang J, Shi D, Ma X, Yang L, Ding S, Liu E. Application of high-resolution techniques in the assessment of the mobility of Cr, Mo, and W at the sediment-water interface of Nansi Lake, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:980. [PMID: 37480431 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
There are few studies on the simultaneous behavior of chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and tungsten (W) belonging to group VIB of the periodic table. Herein, based on high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technology, the vertical distribution characteristics of DGT-labile and soluble Cr, Mo, and W in two lakes of Nansi Lake (Weishan Lake and Dushan Lake) were analyzed. In addition, the net diffusion fluxes and R-value (CDGT/Csol) were used to evaluate the mobility and release risk of metals at the sediment-water interface. The results showed that the DGT-labile concentrations of the three metal elements (Cr, Mo, and W) in Weishan Lake were higher than those in Dushan Lake, both in overlying water and sediment. This is mainly due to the dredging of the Dushan Lake area, which can permanently remove the polluted sediment in the lake. Meanwhile, the exogenous input is relatively high near the tourist area of Weishan Island. The net diffusion fluxes indicate that the W has a potential release risk of diffusion to the overlying water in Dushan Lake. The release of Cr, Mo, and W is thought to be related to the reductive dissolution of Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides based on Pearson correlation coefficients. The R-values of Cr and W indicate that Cr and W belong to the partial continuity case. The R-value of Mo was lower than the minimum value, meaning that Mo belongs to the single diffusion type and it is difficult for Mo sediments to supply pore water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Dan Shi
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Enfeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250358, China
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Hu M, Sardans J, Yan R, Wu H, Ni R, Peñuelas J, Tong C. Substantial increase in P release following conversion of coastal wetlands to aquaculture ponds from altered kinetic exchange and resupply capacity. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 230:119586. [PMID: 36638741 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The reclamation of wetlands and its subsequent conversion to aquaculture may alter regional nutrient (im)mobilization and cycling, although direct assessments of phosphorus (P) cycling and its budget balance following wetland conversion are currently scarce. Here, parallel field experiments were conducted to investigate and compare the availability and mobilization mechanisms of P from natural coastal wetlands and the adjacent converted aquaculture ponds based on high-resolution diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and dialysis (HR-Peeper) techniques and the DGT-induced fluxes in sediments (DIFS) model. The study found that the conversion of wetland to pond strongly reduced the sediment P pool by changing its forms and distribution. High-resolution data showed that concentrations of labile P and soluble reactive P across the sediment-water profiles were markedly enhanced by the converted aquaculture pond, although they exhibited large spatiotemporal heterogeneity. Moreover, the synchronous distribution of labile P, iron (Fe) and sulfur (S) across profiles in coastal wetlands indicated that the dissolution of Fe (III) oxyhydroxide-phosphate complexes coupled with sulfate reduction were the main mechanisms regulating sediment P mobilization in coastal areas. However, the converted aquaculture pond weakened or even reversed this dependence by decoupling the Fe-S-P reactions by changing the sediment structure and nutrient balance. Substantial increases in labile P, Fe and S fluxes in the pond suggested the conversion of wetland to aquaculture facilitated the internal release of P, Fe and S from sediment into water. The high resupply parameter (R) and desorption rate (k-1) combined with low response time (Tc) in the pond, as fitted by DIFS model, indicated the strong resupply capacity and fast kinetic exchange of sediment P across the sediment-water interface, which is consistent with the high P diffusion fluxes recorded in the pond. It was concluded that converted aquaculture ponds act as an important source of P release in coastal areas, potentially exacerbating water quality degradation and eutrophication. Specific initiatives and actions are therefore urgently needed to alleviate the internal P-loading during aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Wetland Ecosystem Research Station of Minjiang Estuary, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou 350215, China.
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM)-Research Group, Department of Mathematics. Faculty of Science. King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80257, Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruibing Yan
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Hui Wu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ranxu Ni
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Chuan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; Wetland Ecosystem Research Station of Minjiang Estuary, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fuzhou 350215, China.
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9
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Wu Z, Jiang X, Chen J, Wang S, Yao C. Geochemistry and release risk for nutrients in lake sediments based on diffusive gradients in thin films. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:40588-40607. [PMID: 36622617 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the mobility of both nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and the inter-relationships between P, N, and iron (Fe) in sediments is important for controlling the "internal loadings" of nutrients in lakes. In this research, diffusive gradients in thin film (DGT) assemblies with binding layers (ZrO-AT, chelex, and ZrO) were designed for PO4-P, Fe, ammonium (NH4-N), and nitrate (NO3-N) at sediment/water interface (SWI) in Western Lake Taihu (China). The biogeochemical processes of N and P related to the physicochemical properties, the dynamic P transfer, the distribution characteristics of P microniches, and the estimation of the release risks in sediments in Western Lake Taihu were simultaneously revealed by the passive sampling technique-DGT with the high spatial resolutions (millimeter and sub-millimeter). Based on DGT concentration (CDGT) related to physicochemical properties in sediments, (1) P biogeochemical reactions included P release from Fe-bound P during Fe reduction, algae biomass decomposition, and phosphatase enzyme activity increased by NH4-N; (2) denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) led to exchangeable ammonium (NH4ex) enrichment and NH4-N release; anammox depleted NH4-N transfer; organic matter (OM) mineralization favored NH4-N release; and (3) aerobic nitrification led to NO3-N remobilization; denitrification and DNRA reduced NO3-N release. Redox status, OM, Fe, aluminum, or calcium influenced mobilization of nutrients. The numerical model of DGT-induced fluxes in sediments was used for dynamic P transfers with resupply types ("slow" ~ "fast") controlled by labile P pool, resupply constant, response time, and Dspt rate. The formation of P microniches in two dimensions was revealed. Sediment P release risk index (0.49 ~ 36.85 [lg (nmol cm-3 d-1)]) with "light" ~ "high" risks and diffusive fluxes across SWI (µg m-2 d-1) of 15.0 ~ 639 (PO4-P), - 1403 ~ 5010 (NH4-N), and - 1395 ~ 149 (NO3-N) were derived and lake management strategies were provided. The DGT technique provides the characterization of the mobilization of nutrients and evidence for biogeochemical processes at the fine spatial scales for control of internal loadings in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Junyi Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China. .,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Cheng Yao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.,College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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10
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Huang S, Chen L, Li J, Xu J, Xie W, Zhang C. The effects of colloidal Fe and Mn on P distribution in groundwater system of Jianghan Plain, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158739. [PMID: 36108844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have confirmed groundwater phosphorus (P) enrichment by anthropogenic and geogenic sources. However, the effects of colloidal iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) on the groundwater P distribution remain poorly-understood. This study investigated the spatial distribution of three forms of Fe, Mn, and P (particulate, colloidal, and truly soluble) in aquifers based on groundwater monitoring data and sediment core samples for the Jianghan Plain. High proportions of colloidal Fe, Mn, and P of up to 52%, 58%, and 76%, respectively were found in the phreatic and confined aquifers. Particulate and truly soluble P dominated the phreatic aquifer and the confined aquifer, respectively. However, the truly soluble Fe and Mn were dominant among the three forms in both the phreatic and confined aquifers. The distributions of Fe, Mn, and P in colloids and sediments were also studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). A comparison of the distributions of Fe, Mn, and P between site SD01 (riparian zones) and site SD02 (farmland) showed that both external inputs and the reduced release of Fe/Mn oxides/minerals from sediments contributed to the distributions of colloidal Fe, Mn, and P. Correlation analysis showed a strong relationship between colloidal Fe/Mn and P in both groundwater and sediment, implying that colloidal Fe/Mn play a role in regulating the distribution of P in the study area. This study provides a new understanding of the effects of colloidal Fe and Mn on the P distribution among the phreatic and confined aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jiasen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Weiying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Caixiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, Wuhan 430074, China.
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11
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Soetan O, Nie J, Feng H. Preliminary environmental assessment of metal-contaminated sediment dredging in an Urban River, New Jersey, USA. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 184:114212. [PMID: 36242799 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While several studies have reported success with remedial sediment dredging, the sustainability of these impacts remain unclear. This preliminary study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term effects of remedial dredging on metal contamination, dredging efficacy and ecological status of the Lower Passaic River. To accomplish this, pre- and post-dredging data were statistically analyzed and evaluated using geochemical indices. Short-term results showed effective heavy metal reduction although their concentrations became elevated in water column, increasing bioaccumulation risk in aquatic biota. On the long-term, metal concentrations increased in surface sediments. Ecological assessment revealed that Cu, Hg and Pb pose greater risks while Ag remained abundant despite dredging. Further investigation suggests that post-dredging residuals, surface runoff and sewage pollution may contribute significantly to recontamination and continued pollution. Depletion in long-term dredging efficacy from spring to summer suggest that season-influenced changes in temperature, algae growth and stormwater discharge may have played a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi Soetan
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA.
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12
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Hu M, Sardans J, Le Y, Yan R, Zhong Y, Huang J, Peñuelas J, Tong C. Biogeochemical behavior of P in the soil and porewater of a low-salinity estuarine wetland: Availability, diffusion kinetics, and mobilization mechanism. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 219:118617. [PMID: 35605392 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine wetlands, which typically store large amounts of phosphorus (P), are experiencing increased salinity as well as changed environmental factors caused by rising sea levels. In this study, the seasonal dynamics of P speciation, availability, and biogeochemical couplings with iron (Fe)-sulfur (S) in soil and porewater were measured in a low-salinity estuarine wetland using in situ high-resolution diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and dialysis (HR-Peeper) techniques. The diffusion kinetics and resupply capacity of P from the soil phase to solution were simulated using a DGT-induced fluxes in soils (DIFS) model. The transition from freshwater to brackish wetlands reduced soil P pools and shifted to more recalcitrant speciation. The concentration of DGT-labile P across the soil-water profiles ranged from 0.002 to 0.039 (mean: 0.015) mg L-1, which increased with increasing salinity in both the field and mesocosm experiments. The distributions of labile and soluble P showed high heterogeneity across the profiles, and there were some sharp peak values below the soil-water interface (SWI), which significantly increased the concentration and lability of P. The strong coupling between labile P and Fe (S) provided direct evidence for the coexistence of iron reduction (IR) and sulfate reduction (SR) in the estuary, while IR might predominate in P mobilization in the brackish environment because of higher labile Fe concentrations and stronger Fe-P couplings. The diffusion fluxes of P were positive at both sites, demonstrating that the kinetics of P were from the soils to the overlying water. Higher R and k-1 values fitted in the DIFS model implied that a stronger resupply capacity and desorption rate and thus faster remobilization kinetics of P occurred with increasing salinity. Our findings indicated that increased salinity (even at low levels) can alter the desorption rate and resupply capacity of soil P in estuarine wetlands and accelerate P remobilization and release by regulating the IR and SR processes, thereby leading to the deterioration of water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yixun Le
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ruibing Yan
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Jiafang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Chuan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China; School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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13
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Ni Z, Huang D, Li Y, Liu X, Wang S. Novel insights into molecular composition of organic phosphorus in lake sediments. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 214:118197. [PMID: 35217494 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic phosphorus (Po) plays a key role in eutrophication and ecological equilibrium in lake systems. However, characterizing the composition of Po in lake sediments has been a bottleneck hindering further understanding of the biogeochemical cycle of Po. Here, multiple methods of 31P NMR spectroscopy and molecular weight (MW) ultrafiltration were combined to detect Po composition characteristics from a novel angle in ten lake sediments of China. The results showed that sediment Po mainly consisted of monoester (mono-P, 14±8.8% of the NaOH-EDTA total P on average), diester (di-P, 1.4±1.4%) and phosphonate (phos-P, 0.1±0.1%), while the abundance of Po was largely underestimated by 31P NMR methods. Some specific species of mono-P were successfully determined, and the contents of these species followed a decreasing order: inositol hexakisphosphate (IHP6) > RNA mononucleotides (RNA-mnP) > β-glycerophosphate (β-gly) > D-glucose 6-phosphate (Glu-6) > α-glycerophosphate (α-gly), which was largely dependent upon their bioreactivity. A significant relationship between MW and Po components was observed despite the great differences among sediment samples. For refractory Po components, IHP6 was mainly rich in the MW < 3 kDa while phos-P was almost only detected in the MW > 3 kDa, which largely attributed to their metal binding affinities and characteristics. The abundance of bioreactive Po species (α-gly, β-gly, Glu-6, di-P) in high MW (HMW, > 3 kDa) were all higher than that of low MW (LMW, < 3 kDa) due to microbial degradation and self-assembly. If the HMW organic molecules were biologically and chemically more reactive than its LMW counterparts, the high percentage of α-gly, β-gly, glu-6 and di-P in the HMW portion would highlights their high reactivity from the perspective of MW. These insights revealed the dynamics of the MW distribution of Po components and provide valuable information to better understand the Po composition and bioreactivity in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokui Ni
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuha, Beijingi, 519087, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Dongling Huang
- College of Resource Environment and Tousism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yu Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuha, Beijingi, 519087, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuha, Beijingi, 519087, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuha, Beijingi, 519087, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake Watershed, Kunming 650034, China.
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14
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He L, Chen Y, Chen S, Wu X, Liu J. Effects of Chlorella vulgaris on phosphorus release from ferric phosphate sediment by consecutive cultivations. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211391. [PMID: 35316948 PMCID: PMC8889175 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron phosphate (Fe-P) is a main phosphorus storage form, especially in phosphorus-polluted environments. The re-release of Fe-P is a problematic result during microalgal remediation. In this study, pre-incubated Chlorella vulgaris was cultured in a BG-11 culture medium with different amounts of Fe-P. The effects of Fe-P re-release on biomass, flocculation and removal of PO4 3- were investigated. The results indicated that C. vulgaris can promote the dissolution and release of Fe-P when the pH is 7, and the amount of Fe-P (ΔQ) released in 200 ml water reaches 0.055-0.45 mg d-1 under a C. vulgaris concentration of 5.6 × 105-8 × 105 cells ml-1. The growth of C. vulgaris was inhibited because of the flocculation behaviour of Fe3 + in the release stage, which is associated with a specific growth rate of 0.3-0.4 d-1 and a phosphorus removal rate below 30%. However, this process, in the long term, indicates a favourable transformation in which Fe-P becomes bioavailable under the action of C. vulgaris. Microalgae outbreaks may be triggered by persistent interactions between Fe-P and C. vulgaris. This study provides an important reference for the application of C. vulgaris in a Fe-P-rich environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lile He
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongcan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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15
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Yao Y, Li D, Chen Y, Liu H, Wang G, Han R. High-resolution distribution of internal phosphorus release by the influence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) in Lake Taihu. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111525. [PMID: 34186078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Mechanisms driving phosphorus (P) release in sediment of shallow lakes is essential for managing harmful algal blooms (HABs). Accordingly, this study conducted field monitoring of labile P, iron (Fe), sulfur (S), and dissolved manganese (Mn) in different biomass of algae in Lake Taihu. The in-situ technique of ZrO-Chelex-AgI (ZrO-CA) diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) and high-resolution dialysis sampler (high resolution-Peeper (HR-Peeper)) were used to measure labile P, Fe, S, and dissolved Mn, as well as their apparent diffusion fluxes at the sediment-water interface (SWI). In addition, the distribution of iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in sediments was also detected. Results showed that high HABs biomass promoted the reduction of sulfate into labile S, however, IRB is the dominant species. Thus, labile Fe concentrations greatly exceeded labile S concentrations across all sites, indicating that microbial iron reduction (MIR) is the principal pathway for ferric iron reduction. Furthermore, the simple relationship analysis revealed the principal influence P migration and transformation is the Fe-P in high algal biomass sites, while Fe and Mn redox reactions did not significantly influence labile P mobilization in low algal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dujun Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huaji Liu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruiming Han
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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16
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Zhihao W, Xia J, Shuhang W, Li Z, Lixin J, Junyi C, Qing C, Kun W, Cheng Y. Mobilization and geochemistry of nutrients in sediment evaluated by diffusive gradients in thin films: Significance for lake management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112770. [PMID: 34020304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of in-situ mobilization of both nitrogen (N) and phosphate (PO43-) in sediment is important for lake management strategy. In this paper, diffusion gradients in thin films (DGT) and DGT induced flux in sediments (DIFS) model are newly designed for in-situ measurement of iron (Fe), PO43-, nitrate (NO3-N) and ammonium (NH4-N), and nutrients' mobility in sediment in Lake Nanhu (China). According to DGT profiles together with physicochemical properties in sediment, (I) PO43- is released from (i) Fe-bound P plus loosely sorbed P in anoxic sediment and (ii) the loosely sorbed P in oxic sediment; (II) anoxic sediment inhibits nitrification and NO3-N release, but it favors denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), leading to NH4-N release; (III) Eh and organic matter are two key influence factors on mobility of PO43-, NO3-N and NH4-N. According to DIFS calculation, the dynamics of desorption and diffusion at two sites belong to (i) slow rate of resupply and (ii) fast resupply cases, respectively. Internal loadings are estimated to be 92.74 (PO43-), 268.1 (NH4-N) and -2466 kg a-1 (NO3-N), which reflects sediment mainly acts as a source for PO43- and NH4-N, and a sink for NO3-N in water. Based on sediment P release risk index (SPRRI), P release risks in lake sediments are estimated, ranging from light to relative high level. DGT and SPRRI aid choice of restoration methods for sediment, including sediment dredging, phytoremediation and in-situ inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhihao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wang Shuhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Zhao Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jiao Lixin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Chen Junyi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Cai Qing
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wang Kun
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Institute of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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17
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Duersch BG, Bhadha JH, Root TL, Louda JW. The role of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in sequestering phosphorus compounds and trace elements: Speciation and dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 725:138366. [PMID: 32302838 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In southern Florida, the sequestering of nutrients through the cultivation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in alternation with sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) crops is an essential step in minimizing downstream eutrophication of the Florida Everglades. Phosphorus (P) is known to be the leading cause of this eutrophication; however, the cultivation/harvesting of rice effectively reduces P and additional macro and micro-nutrients from agrarian soil and runoff through plant uptake. In this study, soil, water, sugarcane, and rice plants at two different stages (flooded and vegetative) were analyzed for twelve different elements (Al, As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn, Ca, Mn, Mg, and P) by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of the rice plants confirmed ten different P compounds being transported and/or transformed throughout the entirety of the sugarcane and rice plants. On average, dried rice plants contained 1677 ± 14 mg-P, of which 1277 ± 3.0 mg-P was in the panicle at the vegetative stage. Harvesting of the rice panicle has the potential to remove about 14.7 kg-P/ha for the top 10 cm of the soil. This present study demonstrates that in rotations with sugarcane crops and with no added P fertilizer, rice cultivation can reduce considerable amounts of P that would otherwise leach into the Greater Everglades from the Everglades Agricultural Area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby G Duersch
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Jehangir H Bhadha
- University of Florida - IFAS, Soil and Water Sciences Department, Belle Glade, FL 33430, USA
| | - Tara L Root
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Geosciences, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - J William Louda
- Florida Atlantic University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
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18
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Zhang Z, Cao R, Mamat Z, Mamat A, Chen Y. A study of synchronous measurement of liable phosphorous and iron based on ZrO-Chelex (DGT) in the sediment of the Chaiwopu Lake, Xinjiang, Northwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:15057-15067. [PMID: 32065365 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07701-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The water-sediment interface of lakes is an important and unique area of the water environment; the geochemical behavior of nutrients in this area has a significant impact on the quality of the water environment and ecosystems, especially in shallow lakes. However, most studies do not provide direct in situ evidence for this in shallow lakes in arid regions; in order to explore the coupling relationship between phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) in a sediment profile, we conducted a high-resolution analysis of liable Fe and P in sediments taken from the Chaiwopu Lake using ZrO-Chelex thin film diffusion gradient technology (ZrO-Chelex DGT). The results show that (1) the vertical spatial distribution trend of the liable P and Fe in the sediments from each sampling site is essentially similar. The contents of the liable P and Fe ranged from 0.004-0.125 mg/L and 0.050-0.190 mg/L, respectively, and the synchronous distribution of the micro-interface concentration reflects the coupling relationship between them. (2) The correlation analysis of the liable P and Fe concentrations showed that there were significant linear correlations between them (P < 0.05, bilateral). (3) The diffusion fluxes of P and Fe were - 51.76~65.12 μg (m2 d)-1 and - 451.27~457.06 μg (m2 d)-1, respectively, and were shown to be negative at the sediment-water interface for most of the samples, which showed that P and Fe were released from the overlying water into the sediments. (4) This research showed that the diffusive fluxes at the different sites are quite different, which indicates that the phosphorus and iron pollution in the sediments of the Chaiwopu Lake is affected by exogenous inputs. There was no significant correlation between P release flux and pH, ORP, conductivity (EC), the TDS of the overlying water, or the pH, salinity (Ca2+, Mg2+), and nutrient (organic matter) content of the sediment. The release flux of Fe is affected by the pH of the sediment. The results of this study provide references for the research of elements in the water-sediment interface of shallow lakes in arid regions, as well as other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyong Zhang
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China.
- Xinjiang Common University Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environmental Stimulation, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ran Cao
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
- Xinjiang Common University Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environmental Stimulation, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Zulpiya Mamat
- College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
- Xinjiang Common University Key Laboratory of Smart City and Environmental Stimulation, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Anwar Mamat
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- Sate Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Wu Z, Wang S, Ji N. Phosphorus (P) release risk in lake sediment evaluated by DIFS model and sediment properties: A new sediment P release risk index (SPRRI). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113279. [PMID: 31563787 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new sediment P release risk index (SPRRI) for "in-situ" phosphorus (P) release risk in lake sediment, is developed based on diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique, DGT induced flux in sediments (DIFS) model and sediment properties. SPRRI includes three sub-indexes, which contain (1) the labile P pool size, (2) resupply constant (r) and desorption rate (Dspt rate) for P transfer and (3) the molar ratio between iron (Fe) in sequential extraction for sediment P by bicarbonate-dithionite (BD) and aluminum (Al) by NaOH (at 25 °C), i.e. BD(Fe)/Al[NaOH25] in sediment solid. The first sub-index considers P release from (i) sediment with NH4Cl-P+BD-P pool, i.e. the loosely sorbed P (NH4Cl-P) plus iron associated P (BD-P), or (ii) sediment with NH4Cl-P pool, respectively. The second and third sub-indexes reflect kinetic P desorption and resupply ability of solid phase, and the effect of P sequestration by Al hydroxide on P release, in turn. The inner relationship between SPRRI and sub-indexes, and their effects on P release risk are elucidated. SPRRI can be used to evaluate sediment P reactivity by five release risk ranks. For Lake Dianchi (China), P transfer dynamics, labile P pool, resupply ability and Al-P in sediment, and "external P-loading" control and affect P release risk in different regions, which is reflected by the spatial distribution map for SPRRI. The present SPRRI can be applied for lakes with (1) pH range varying from moderate acidity to weak alkalinity in waterbody and (2) NH4Cl-P or NH4Cl-P+BD-P pool in sediment solid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environmental, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650034, China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environmental, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650034, China.
| | - Ningning Ji
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Institute of Lake Environmental, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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20
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Wu Z, Wang S, Ji N. Distribution character of localized iron microniche in lake sediment microzone revealed by chemical image. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:35704-35716. [PMID: 31701417 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) technique and LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) for heterogeneous distribution of the soluble labile iron (Fe) at submillimeter resolution in lake sediment porewater are reported. The soluble labile Fe species include ion and labile organic complexes. The chemical images in two dimensions (2D) for DGT concentration of Fe (CDGT(Fe)) are investigated for Fe remobilization character. There are 902 CDGT(Fe) values between 1000 and 2000 μg L-1, 463 values between 2000 and 3000 μg L-1, and 112 values over 3000 μg L-1 in all chemical maps. Based on the linear correlation relationships between CDGT (Fe) and total Fe (TFe), total organic carbon (TOC), acid-volatile sulfide (AVS), Eh, concentrations of the soluble reactive phosphorus (P) (SRP), and soluble labile trace metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in a vertical 1D profile of sediment or porewater, Fe release mechanisms are mainly due to the reductive Fe release from iron oxyhydroxides and the decomposition of organic matter in algae biomass and deep sediment layer. It can be used to explain the formation mechanisms of Fe microniches in chemical maps with heterogeneous character to a great extent. CDGT(Fe) peak flux in the center of Fe microniche and the low CDGT (Fe) at the edge of a microniche are due to the formation of the insoluble iron sulfide and the abundant acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) in sediment. The verified co-remobilization of the soluble labile Fe and trace metals or SRP in sediment porewater can be used to predict their simultaneous release from Fe microniches with the large CDGT (Fe) peaks. The different kinds of Fe microniche zones and hot spots from sediment/water interface (SWI) to deep sediment correspond to the formation mechanisms of microniches mentioned above. Moreover, some narrow Fe microniche zones with the large CDGT (Fe) across chemical maps are due to the desorption of Fe(II) from the freshly formed oxide on Myriophyllum verticiilatur roots, which are located at sites of microniche zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming, 650034, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming, 650034, Yunnan Province, China.
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Ningning Ji
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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21
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Chen M, Ding S, Gao S, Xu S, Yang C, Wu Y, Gong M, Wang D, Wang Y. Long-term effects of sediment dredging on controlling cobalt, zinc, and nickel contamination determined by chemical fractionation and passive sampling. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 220:476-485. [PMID: 30594799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Studies of dredging effectiveness, especially the ones that last for several years, are scarce. In this study, we evaluated effectiveness of dredging performed for six years on controlling cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni) contamination of sediments. High-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) methods were applied to analyze the non-dredged and post-dredging sediments. The soluble and DGT-labile Co and Ni content declined by 22% and 44% (soluble) and by 16% and 26% (labile) in April, July and October in the post-dredging region. In contrast, their concentrations increased by 105% and 9% (soluble) and 322% and 27% (labile) in January. These changes in the dredging effects were caused by the corresponding changes in the reducible and residual fractions of Co and the residual fraction of Ni in sediments in the dredged site, respectively. Soluble and DGT-labile Zn decreased on average by 23% and 29% in July and October and increased on average by 151% and 52% in April and January in the post-dredging region. The different Zn mobility in the post-dredging region was controlled by the reducible fraction of Zn. The results revealed positive influence of dredging engineering in summer, autumn and/or spring and negative one in winter. Therefore, an accurate assessment of dredging effectiveness should take its seasonal variation into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Shuaishuai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiwei Xu
- Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chenye Yang
- Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuexia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Shanghai Water Source Construction Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shanghai Waterway Engineering Design and Consulting Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210018, China
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22
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Chen M, Ding S, Wu Y, Fan X, Jin Z, Tsang DCW, Wang Y, Zhang C. Phosphorus mobilization in lake sediments: Experimental evidence of strong control by iron and negligible influences of manganese redox reactions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:472-481. [PMID: 30583155 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) reactions have been regarded as the primary factors responsible for the mobilization of phosphorus (P) in lake sediments, although their individual roles are hard to distinguish. In this study, in situ mobilization of P, Fe and Mn in sediments was assessed by high resolution spatio-temporal sampling of their labile forms using diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and suction device (Rhizon) techniques. It was found that the monthly concentration distributions showed greater agreement and better correlation coefficients between labile P and labile Fe, than those between labile P and labile Mn, implying that Fe plays a key role in controlling P release in sediments. Furthermore, better correlations were observed between hourly changes in concentrations of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and soluble Fe(II), than those between SRP and soluble Mn. Changes were observed under simulated anaerobic incubation conditions, suggesting that P release was caused by the reductive dissolution of Fe oxides. This was supported by the lack of influences on P release from reductive dissolution of Mn oxides in the sediment-water interface and top sediment layers under the anaerobic incubations. In simulated algal bloom experiments, positive correlations and consistent changes were observed between SRP and soluble Fe(II) concentrations, but not between SRP and soluble Mn concentrations. This further demonstrated the Fe-dependent and Mn-independent release of P in sediments. Therefore, Fe redox reactions have a high impact on P mobilization in sediments, while Mn redox reactions appear to have negligible influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Yuexia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xianfang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zengfeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- International Network for Environment and Health, School of Geography and Archaeology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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23
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Wang Y, Wang WH, Yan FL, Ding Z, Feng LL, Zhao JC. Effects and mechanisms of calcium peroxide on purification of severely eutrophic water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:2796-2806. [PMID: 30373057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In consideration of severe eutrophication of scenic water caused by pollutants released from sediments in summer, calcium peroxide (CaO2) was adopted as the slow release peroxide to improve the water quality in a field experiment of 600 m2. The effect of CaO2 on the overlying water, interstitial water, sediment, and sediment microorganisms of scenic water was studied. Results for two months indicated that the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of the overlying water in the test zone was 3.78 times that in the control zone; the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the overlying water and sediment increased significantly (p = 0.002 and p = 0). Meanwhile, CaO2 could effectively inhibit the release of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from the sediment and could obviously reduce the concentrations of N and P in the overlying water by enhancing the microbiological action. Moreover, the average concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the overlying water of the test zone were 46.27% and 50.51% of those in control zone, respectively, and the concentrations of N and P in the interstitial water decreased during the entire experiment. In addition, CaO2 decreased the relative abundance of anaerobic bacteria in the sediment, whereas it increased that of aerobic bacteria and promoted the appearance of the functional bacteria, such as Nitrospirae and Thermodesulfoba. In conclusion, CaO2 can improve the DO and ORP in the eutrophic water effectively and change the microbial community in the sediment to a certain extent, thereby controlling the pollutants released from the sediment and reducing the N and P concentrations in the overlying water. Thus, CaO2 can effectively realize the purification and restoration of the severely eutrophic scenic water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, China.
| | - Wen-Huai Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, China.
| | - Fei-Long Yan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, China.
| | - Zhuo Ding
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Feng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, China.
| | - Jing-Chan Zhao
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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24
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Sun Q, Ding S, Chen M, Gao S, Lu G, Wu Y, Gong M, Wang D, Wang Y. Long-term effectiveness of sediment dredging on controlling the contamination of arsenic, selenium, and antimony. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:725-734. [PMID: 30500752 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effectiveness of dredging in controlling arsenic (As), selenium (Se), and antimony (Sb) contamination in sediments, by examining contaminant concentrations in sediments six years after dredging was completed. High-resolution diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and dialysis (HR-Peeper) techniques were used to monitor the concentrations of DGT-labile metalloids and soluble metalloids in sediments, respectively. Results revealed that dredging effectively remediated metalloid contamination in sediments only in April, July and/or January. Compared to non-dredged sediments, the concentrations of soluble and DGT-labile As, Se, and Sb in dredged sediments decreased on average by 42%, 52%, and 43% (soluble), and 54%, 50%, and 53% (DGT), respectively. The effectiveness of the dredging was primarily due to the transformation of metalloids from labile to inert fractions, which increased the ability of the sediments to retain the metalloids, and the slowed rate of resupplied metalloids from available solid pools. In contrast, negligible/negative effects of dredging were seen in October, and the concentrations of soluble and DGT-labile metalloids even increased in some profiles of dredged sediments. This was mainly caused by a release of the metalloids from algal degradation, which may offset the dredging effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shuaishuai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yuexia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Shanghai Water Source Construction Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shanghai Waterway Engineering Design and Consulting Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing Easy Sensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210018, China
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25
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Wang WW, Jiang X, Zheng BH, Chen JY, Zhao L, Zhang B, Wang SH. Composition, mineralization potential and release risk of nitrogen in the sediments of Keluke Lake, a Tibetan Plateau freshwater lake in China. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180612. [PMID: 30839699 PMCID: PMC6170536 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The lakes distributed in the Tibetan Plateau constitute a lake group with the highest altitude, largest lakes and largest area in the world and are important in global climate and environmental effects. Freshwater lakes in the Tibetan Plateau possess high ecological values and high vulnerability. The migration and transformation of nitrogen in sediments are critical to lake ecosystems, but information on sedimentary nitrogen in the freshwater lakes in the Tibetan Plateau is limited. A case study was conducted in Keluke Lake, China, to reveal the effects of sedimentary nitrogen on water quality in plateau freshwater lakes. Nitrogen speciation, mineralization potential and release flux were analysed through a sequential extraction method, waterlogged incubation experiment and Fick's first diffusion law, respectively. The content of total nitrogen (TN) was 1295.75-6151.69 mg kg-1, and 94.2% of TN was organic nitrogen (ON). The contents of three nitrogen fractions were in the order of hydrolysable nitrogen > residual nitrogen > exchangeable nitrogen. Ammonia nitrogen ( N H 4 + - N ) was the main mineralization product, and hydrolysable ON was the most significant contributor. The sediments showed a great mineralization potential, with a potentially mineralizable nitrogen value of 408.76 mg N kg-1 of sediment, that was mainly affected by hydrolysable ammonium nitrogen. The N H 4 + - N diffusion flux ranged from 24.14 to 148.75 mg m-2 d-1, and the sediments served as an internal nitrogen source. Nitrogen release from sediments was considerably influenced by exchangeable ammonia nitrogen. The sediments in Keluke Lake pose a potential nitrogen release risk and threaten the water quality of the lake. The total content, speciation, mineralization of ON and the release flux at sediment-water interface should be considered comprehensively to evaluate the effects of nitrogen in sediments to water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. W. Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - X. Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - B. H. Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - J. Y. Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - L. Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - B. Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - S. H. Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, People's Republic of China
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26
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Water Quality in Representative Tuojiang River Network in Southwest China. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10070864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wu Z, Wang S, Luo J. Transfer kinetics of phosphorus (P) in macrophyte rhizosphere and phytoremoval performance for lake sediments using DGT technique. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 350:189-200. [PMID: 29501960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) technique and DIFS (DGT induced fluxes in sediment) model are firstly designed for macrophyte-rhizobox system and in-situ macrophytes in Lake Erhai. Dynamics of phosphorus (P) transfer in Zizania latifolia (ZL) and Myriophyllum verticiilatur (MV) rhizosphere is revealed and phytoremediation performance for P in sediment is evaluated. Dynamic transfer process of P at DGT/sediment interface includes (i) diffusion flux and concentration gradients at DGT(root)/porewater interface leading to porewater concentration (C0) depletion and (ii) P desorption from labile P pool in sediment solid to resupply C0 depletion. Fe-redox controlled P release from Fe-bound P (BD-P2) and then NH4Cl-P1 in rhizosphere sediment resupplies porewater depletion due to DGT (root) sink. Kd (labile P pool size in solid phase), r (resupply ratio) and kinetic exchange (Tc and k-1) lead to change characters of DIFS curves of (1) r against deployment time and (2) Csolu (dissolved concentration) against distance at 24 h. They include two opposite types of "fast" and "slow" rate of resupplies. Sediment properties and DIFS parameters control P diffusion and resupply in rhizosphere sediment. Phytoremoval ability for sediment P in lake is estimated to be 23.4 (ZL) or 15.0 t a-1 (MV) by "DGT-flux" method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Water Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Technology, Research Center of Lake Eco-Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012 China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012 China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Water Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Technology, Research Center of Lake Eco-Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012 China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012 China.
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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Wang J, Chen J, Guo J, Sun Q, Yang H. Combined Fe/P and Fe/S ratios as a practicable index for estimating the release potential of internal-P in freshwater sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10740-10751. [PMID: 29396822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1373-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Release of phosphorus (P) from sediment is a major source of P in many freshwater lakes. Currently, assessing the ability of sediment to release P, which is valuable to the management of water eutrophication, remains a challenge. Thus, the purpose of this study was to find effective indexes for predicting the release potential of internal-P. In this study, high-resolution diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and conventional sequential extraction were used to characterize the distribution and speciation of P, iron (Fe), and sulfur (S) in the surface sediment of a mildly eutrophic reservoir in southwestern China. Sediment samples exhibited large variations in Fe, S, and P, thereby providing favorable conditions for investigating the effects of Fe and S on sediment P mobilization. In contrast to traditional knowledge, our results show that total P (TP) and redox-sensitive P(BD-P) are poorly correlated with releasable P(DGT-P). This implies that high levels of sedimentary TP and BD-P do not necessarily result in an elevated release of internal-P under anaerobic conditions. Sedimentary P release was greatly suppressed at ratios of Fe/P > 30 and Fe/S > 6. Significant positive correlations between DGT-P and DGT-Fe or DGT-S suggest that Fe and S play an important role in governing the mobility of sedimentary P. These results support the combined Fe/P and Fe/S ratios as an effective and practicable index for assessing the ability of sediment to release P. Thus, our study provides a new and simple method for assessing sedimentary P pollution in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550002, People's Republic of China
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Wang S, Wu Z, Luo J. Transfer Mechanism, Uptake Kinetic Process, and Bioavailability of P, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn in Macrophyte Rhizosphere Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1096-1108. [PMID: 29240996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The transfer-uptake-bioavailability of phosphorus (P), Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb in rhizosphere of Zizania latifolia (ZL) and Myriophyllum verticiilaturn (MV) cultivated in rhizoboxes in Lake Erhai (China) is evaluated by DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) technique. DGT induced fluxes in sediments (DIFS) model reveals that resupply ability (r), liable pool size in sediment solid (kd), kinetic parameter (k-1), or response time (Tc) control the diffusion-resupply characters of P and Cu (standing for four metals) in rhizosphere interface. The linear fitting curves of element content in ZL or MV roots (Croot) against DGT (CDGT), porewater (C0), or sediment concentration demonstrate that Croot for five elements can be predicted by CDGT more effectively than the other methods. (I) DOC (dissolved organic carbon) in porewater controlled by OM (organic matter) in solid plus pH for Cu and Cd or (II) DOP/DTP ratio in porewater (between dissolved organic P and dissolved total P) for P controlled by Fe-bound P and OM in solid, can affect phytoavailability in rhizosphere. They lead to (I) the larger slope (s) and the linear regression coefficient (R2) in the first part than those for the complete fitting curve (ZL or MV root against CDGT(Cu) or C0(Cu) and MV root against CDGT(Cd)) or (II) the outliers above or below the fitting curve (ZL root (P) against C0(P) or CDGT(P)) and the larger R2 without outliers. DGT-rhizobox-DIFS should be a reliable tool to research phytoremediation mechanism of macrophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Water Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Technology, Research Center of Lake Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing, 100012 China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing, 100012 China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Water Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Technology, Research Center of Lake Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing, 100012 China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing, 100012 China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
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30
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Zhang Y, Song J, Zhou H, Zhang Y, Wang G. Novel Fe3O4 nanoparticles-based DGT device for dissolved reactive phosphate measurement. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04464j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a liquid binding phase in DGT is demonstrated for the sampling measurement of dissolved reactive phosphate in natural water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jieyao Song
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Hongjian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Guozhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics
- Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology
- Institute of Solid State Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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