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Deng Z, Ma Y, Zhu J, Zeng C, Mu R, Zhang Z. Ferrate (VI) oxidation of sulfamethoxazole enhanced by magnetized sludge-based biochar: Active sites regulation and degradation mechanism analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 359:124681. [PMID: 39134167 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Developing non radical systems for antibiotic degradation is crucial for addressing the inefficiency of conventional radical systems. In this study, novel magnetic-modified sludge biochar (MASBC) was synthesized to significantly enhance the oxidative degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) by ferrate (Fe (VI)). In the Fe (VI)/MASBC system, 90.46% of SMX at a concentration of 10 μM and 49.34% of the total organic carbon (TOC) could be removed under optimal conditions of 100 μM of Fe (VI) and 0.40 g/L of MASBC within 10 min. Furthermore, the Fe (VI)/MASBC system was demonstrated with broad-spectrum removal capability towards sulfonamides in single or mixture. Quenching experiments, EPR analyses, and electrochemical experiments revealed that direct electron transfer (DET) and •O2- were mainly responsible for the removal of SMX, with functional groups (e.g., -OH, C=O) and Fe-O (redox of Fe (III)/Fe (II)) acting as the active sites, while the probe experiments showed that Fe (IV)/Fe (V) made a minor contribution to the degradation of SMX. Benefiting from the DET, the Fe (VI)/MASBC system exhibited a wide pH adaptation range (e.g., from 5.0 to 10.0) and strong anti-interference ability. The N atoms and their neighboring atoms in SMX were the prior degradation sites, with the cleavage of bond and ring opening. The degradation products showed low or non-toxicity according to ECOSAR program assessment. The removal of SMX remained within a reasonable range of 71.33%-90.46% over five consecutive cycles. Also, the Fe (VI)/MASBC system was demonstrated to be effectively applied for successful SMX removal in various water matrices, including ultrapure water, tap water, lake water, Yangtze River water, and wastewater. Therefore, this study offered new insights into the mechanism of Fe (VI) oxidation and would contribute to the efficient treatment of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikang Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongfei Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311231, China
| | - Jinyao Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chenyu Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311231, China
| | - Rui Mu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zulin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China; The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK.
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2
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Shi Y, Xiao S, Qian Y, Huang CH, Chen J, Li N, Liu T, Zhang Y, Zhou X. Revisiting the synergistic oxidation of peracetic acid and permanganate(Ⅶ) towards micropollutants: The enhanced electron transfer mechanism of reactive manganese species. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 262:122105. [PMID: 39032336 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Synergistic actions of peroxides and high-valent metals have garnered increasing attentions in wastewater treatment. However, how peroxides interact with the reactive metal species to enhance the reactivity remains unclear. Herein, we report the synergistic oxidation of peracetic acid (PAA) and permanganate(Ⅶ) towards micropollutants, and revisit the underlying mechanism. The PAA-Mn(VII) system showed remarkable efficiency with a 28-fold enhancement on sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation compared to Mn(Ⅶ) alone. Extensive quenching experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis revealed the generation of unexpected Mn(V) and Mn(VI) beyond Mn(III) in the PAA-Mn(VII) system. The utilization efficiency of Mn intermediates was quantified using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonate (ABTS), and the results indicated that PAA could enhance the electron transfer efficiency of reactive manganese (Mn) species, thus accelerating the micropollutant degradation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that Mn intermediates could coordinate to the O1 of PAA with a low energy gap, enhancing the oxidation capacity and stability of Mn intermediates. A kinetic model based on first principles was established to simulate the time-dependent concentration profiles of the PAA-Mn complexes and quantify the contributions of the PAA-Mn(III) complex (50.8 to 59.3 %) and the PAA-Mn(Ⅴ/Ⅵ) complex (40.7 to 49.2 %). The PAA-Mn(VII) system was resistant to the interference from complex matrix components (e.g., chloride and humic acid), leading to the high efficiency in real wastewater. This work provides new insights into the interaction of PAA with reactive manganese species for accelerated oxidation of micropollutants, facilitating its application in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shaoze Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yajie Qian
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Jiabin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Key Laboratory of Urban Water Supply, Water Saving and Water Environment Governance in the Yangtze River Delta of Ministry of Water Resources, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tongcai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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3
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Pi R, Yang Z, Chai J, Qi Y, Sun X, Zhou Y. Peroxysulfur species-mediated enhanced oxidation of micropollutants by ferrate(VI): Peroxymonosulfate versus peroxydisulfate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 475:134871. [PMID: 38876020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) works synergistically with ferrate (Fe(VI)) to remove refractory organic compounds in a few minutes. However, little has been reported on the combined effects of peroxydisulfate (PDS) and Fe(VI). Since PDS is stable and cost effective, it is of practical significance to study the reaction mechanism and conditions of the PDS/Fe(VI) system. The results of the study indicate that the intermediate Fe(II) is formed during the decomposition of Fe(VI), which is then rapidly oxidized. Due to the asymmetry of the PMS molecular structure, PMS can rapidly trap Fe(II) (kPMS/Fe(II)= 3 × 104 M-1∙s-1), whereas PDS cannot (kPDS/Fe(II)= 26 M-1∙s-1). Hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HA) can reduce Fe(VI) and Fe(III) to Fe(II) to excite PDS to produce SO4•-. Acetate helps to detect Fe(II), but does not help PDS to trap Fe(II). Active species such as SO4•-, •OH, 1O2, and Fe(IV), Fe(V) are present in both systems, but in different amounts. In the PMS/Fe(Ⅵ) system, all these active species react with ibuprofen (IBP) and degrade IBP within several minutes. The effects of the initial pH, PMS or Fe(VI) dosage, and different amounts of IBP on the removal rate of IBP were investigated. According to the intermediates detected by the GC-MS, the degradation process of IBP includes hydroxylation, demethylation and single bond breakage. The degradation pathways of IBP were proposed. The degradation of IBP in tap water and Songhua River was also investigated. In actual water treatment, the dosage needs to be increased to achieve the same results. This study provides a basis and theoretical support for the application of PMS/Fe(Ⅵ) and PDS/Fe(VI) system in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Pi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, PR China
| | - Zhe Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, PR China
| | - Jin Chai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, PR China
| | - Yuan Qi
- Northeast Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd. of China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Changchun 131001, Jilin, China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, PR China.
| | - Yunlong Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, PR China
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Sathiyan K, Wang J, Williams LM, Huang CH, Sharma VK. Revisiting the Electron Transfer Mechanisms in Ru(III)-Mediated Advanced Oxidation Processes with Peroxyacids and Ferrate(VI). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:11822-11832. [PMID: 38899941 PMCID: PMC11223481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The potential of Ru(III)-mediated advanced oxidation processes has attracted attention due to the recyclable catalysis, high efficiency at circumneutral pHs, and robust resistance against background anions (e.g., phosphate). However, the reactive species in Ru(III)-peracetic acid (PAA) and Ru(III)-ferrate(VI) (FeO42-) systems have not been rigorously examined and were tentatively attributed to organic radicals (CH3C(O)O•/CH3C(O)OO•) and Fe(IV)/Ru(V), representing single electron transfer (SET) and double electron transfer (DET) mechanisms, respectively. Herein, the reaction mechanisms of both systems were investigated by chemical probes, stoichiometry, and electrochemical analysis, revealing different reaction pathways. The negligible contribution of hydroxyl (HO•) and organic (CH3C(O)O•/CH3C(O)OO•) radicals in the Ru(III)-PAA system clearly indicated a DET reaction via oxygen atom transfer (OAT) that produces Ru(V) as the only reactive species. Further, the Ru(III)-performic acid (PFA) system exhibited a similar OAT oxidation mechanism and efficiency. In contrast, the 1:2 stoichiometry and negligible Fe(IV) formation suggested the SET reaction between Ru(III) and ferrate(VI), generating Ru(IV), Ru(V), and Fe(V) as reactive species for micropollutant abatement. Despite the slower oxidation rate constant (kinetically modeled), Ru(V) could contribute comparably as Fe(V) to oxidation due to its higher steady-state concentration. These reaction mechanisms are distinctly different from the previous studies and provide new mechanistic insights into Ru chemistry and Ru(III)-based AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Sathiyan
- Program
for Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and
Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843-8371, United States
| | - Junyue Wang
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Lois M. Williams
- Program
for Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and
Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843-8371, United States
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Virender K. Sharma
- Program
for Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and
Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843-8371, United States
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5
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Wang Z, Yang X, Du Q, Liu T, Dai X, Du Y, Zhang H, Zhou P, Xiong Z, Lai B. Ferrate(VI)/percarbonate for the oxidation of micropollutants: Interactive activation and release of low-concentration hydrogen peroxide for efficient electron utilization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134029. [PMID: 38492403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
A novel "ferrate/percarbonate (Fe(VI)/SPC) co-oxidation process" was used to treat ciprofloxacin (CIP) and various micropollutants (MPs), which owned better performance than mixture of Fe(VI), Na2CO3 and H2O2. The mechanism investigation found that the low-concentration H2O2 (1-2 µM) released by SPC can promote the high-valent iron intermediates (Fe(IV)/Fe(V)) of Fe(VI) to the MP oxidation, and Fe(VI) products can also activate SPC to produce hydroxyl radical (·OH). The interactive activation of Fe(VI) and SPC was realized, which retained the high selectivity of Fe(VI) to electron-rich pollutants, and also made up the oxidation of electron-deficient pollutants through •OH, improving the degradation effect of various MPs by 20-30%, and the rate constant was increased by 1 to 3 times. Moreover, non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC) determination confirmed that •OH participation reduced the NPOC value of CIP from 5.43 mg/L to 4.37 mg/L. The transformation pathway of CIP showed that Fe(VI)/SPC resulted in more hydroxylation intermediates of CIP than Fe(VI) alone. Acute toxicity assays found that the photoinhibition rate of CIP treated with Fe(VI) alone was 14.5%, while the sample treated with Fe(VI)/SPC showed no significant photoinhibition effect, which proved that the new process had good detoxification properties for CIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Qi Du
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ye Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhaokun Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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Li X, Zhao Q, Li L, Mei W, Wang Z, Gao Q, Wang K, Zhou H, Wei L, Jiang J. Enhanced dewaterability of food waste digestate by biochar/potassium ferrate treatments: Performance and mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 354:120268. [PMID: 38364546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The combined process of biochar (BC) and potassium ferrate (PF) offers a fascinating technique for efficient dewatering of digestate. However, the effects of BC/PF treatment on the dewaterability and mechanisms of FWD are still unknown. This study aimed to reveal the impact mechanisms of BC/PF treatment on digestate dewatering performance. Experimental results indicated that BC/PF treatment significantly enhanced the dewaterability of digestate, with the minimum specific resistance to filtration of (1.05 ± 0.02) × 1015 m·kg-1 and water content of 57.52 ± 0.51% being obtained at the concentrations of 0.018 g·g-1 total solid (TS) BC300 and 0.20 g·g-1 TS PF, which were 8.60% and 13.59% lower than PF treatment, respectively. BC/PF treatment proficiently reduced the fractal dimension, bound water content, apparent viscosity, and gel-like network structure strength of digestate, as well as increased the floc size and zeta potential of digestate. BC/PF treatment promoted the conversion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) fractions from inner EPS to soluble EPS, increased the fluorescence intensity of the dissolved compounds, and enhanced the hydrophobicity of proteins. Mechanisms investigations showed that BC/PF enhanced dewatering through non-reactive oxygen species pathways, i.e., via strong oxidative intermediate irons species Fe(V)/Fe(IV). BC/PF treatment enhanced the solubilization of nutrients, the inactivation of fecal coliforms, and the mitigation of heavy metal toxicity. The results suggested that BC/PF treatment is an effective digestate dewatering technology which can provide technological supports to the closed-loop treatment of FWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Li
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Wangyang Mei
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qingwei Gao
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Liangliang Wei
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Junqiu Jiang
- Department of Environment Science and Engineering, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Chu Y, Xu M, Li X, Lu J, Yang Z, Lv R, Liu J, Lv L, Zhang W. Oxidation of emerging contaminants by S(IV) activated ferrate: Identification of reactive species. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121100. [PMID: 38198974 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Studies on the Fe(VI)/S(IV) process have focused on improving the efficiency of emerging contaminants (ECs) degradation under alkaline conditions. However, the performance and mechanisms under varying pH levels remain insufficiently investigated. This tudy delved into the efficiency and mechanism of Fe(VI)/S(IV) process using sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ibuprofen (IBU) as model contaminants. We found that pH was crucial in governing the generation of reactive species, and both Fe(V/IV) and SO4•- were identified in the reaction system. Specifically, an increase in pH favored the formation of SO4•-, while the formation of Fe(VI) to Fe(V/IV) became more significant at lower pH. At pH 3.2, Fe(III) resulting from the Fe(VI) self-decay reactedwith HSO3-to produce SO4•-and •OH. Under near-neutral conditions, the coexistance of Fe(V/IV) and SO4•- in abundance contributed to the optimal oxidation of both pollutants in the Fe(VI)/S(IV) process, with the removal exceeding 74% in 5 min. Competitive quenching experiments showed that the contributions of Fe(V/IV) to SMX and IBU destruction dimished, while the contributions of radicals increased with an increase in pH. However, this evolution was slower during SMX degradation compared to IBU degradation. A comprehensive understnding of pH as the key factor is essential for the optimization of the sulfite-activated Fe(VI) oxidation process in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mujian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junhe Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhichao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruolin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiahang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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8
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Shao B, Deng J, Dong H, Wang S, Li E, Guan X. Iron(III)-(1,10-Phenanthroline) Complex Can Enhance Ferrate(VI) and Ferrate(V) Oxidation of Organic Contaminants via Mediating Electron Transfer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17144-17153. [PMID: 37877900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has primarily focused on the utilization of reductants as activators for Fe(VI) to generate high-valent iron species (Fe(IV)/Fe(V)) for the degradation of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs). However, a significant drawback of this approach arises from the reaction between reductants and ferrates, leading to a decrease in oxidation capacity. This study introduces a novel discovery that highlights the potential of the iron(III)-(1,10-phenanthroline) (Fe(III)-Phen) complex as an activator, effectively enhancing the degradation of EOCs by Fe(VI) and augmenting the overall oxidation capacity of Fe(VI). The degradation of EOCs in the Fe(VI)/Fe(III)-Phen system is facilitated through two mechanisms: a direct electron transfer (DET) process and electron shuttle action. The DET process involves the formation of a Phen-Fe(III)-Fe(VI)* complex, which exhibits a stronger oxidation ability than Fe(VI) alone and can accept electrons directly from EOCs. On the other hand, the electron shuttle process utilizes Fe(III)-Phen as a redox mediator to transfer electrons from EOCs to Fe(VI) through the Fe(IV)/Fe(III) or Fe(IV)/Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle. Moreover, the Fe(III)-Phen complex can improve the utilization efficiency of Fe(V) by preventing its self-decay. This study's findings may present a viable option for utilizing an effective catalyst to enhance the oxidation of EOCs by Fe(VI) and Fe(V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Shao
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jing Deng
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Hongyu Dong
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shuchang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Enchao Li
- Baowu Water Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201999, China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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9
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Pan B, Liao M, Zhao Y, Lv Y, Qin J, Sharma VK, Wang C. Visible light activation of ferrate(VI) by oxygen doped ZnIn 2S 4/black phosphorus nanolayered heterostructure: Accelerated oxidation of trimethoprim. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132413. [PMID: 37666167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The increasing consumption of antibiotics and their subsequent release to wastewater or groundwater and ultimately to the water supply (or drinking water) has great concerns. This paper presents a visible light (VL) activated ferrate(VI) (FeVIO42-, Fe(VI)) system to degrade the selected antibiotic, trimethoprim (TMP), efficiently. An oxygen doped ZnIn2S4 nanosheet (O-ZIS) coupled with a black phosphorus (BP) heterostructure (O-ZIS/BP), is fabricated by a simple electrostatic self-assembly method. The O-ZIS/BP photocatalyst is comprehensively characterized by surface and analytical techniques, which show superior separation efficiency of the photoinduced charge carriers in the heterostructure. A VL-O-ZIS/BP-Fe(VI) system achieves more than 80% removal in 1.0 min and complete removal of TMP in 3.0 min. Comparatively, only ⁓7% and ⁓24% of TMP are degraded by O-ZIS/BP and Fe(VI) in 1.0 min, respectively. The degradation experiments using probe molecules of reactive species and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements reveal involvement of superoxide (O2-•), hydroxyl radical (•OH), and iron(V)/iron (IV) (FeV/FeIV) species in the mechanism of TMP degradation. Oxidized products of TMP are identified and reaction pathways are given. Theoretical calculations predict the initial attack on the TMP molecule by the reactive species in the VL-O-ZIS/BP-Fe(VI) system. The activation of Fe(VI) by VL-heterostructure photocatalysts accelerates the degradation of antibiotics, demonstrating its potential for water depollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China.
| | - Miao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Yuzhu Lv
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Jiani Qin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environment and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, 212 Adriance Lab Rd., College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Chuanyi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China.
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10
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Zhao J, Zhang H, Shi Y, Luo M, Zhou H, Xie Z, Du Y, Zhou P, He C, Yao G, Lai B. Efficient activation of ferrate by Ru(III): Insights into the major reactive species and the multiple roles of Ru(III). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131927. [PMID: 37379593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Ferrate (Fe(VI)) has aroused great research interest in recent years due to its environmental benignancy and lower potential in disinfection by-product generation. However, the inevitable self-decomposition and lower reactivity under alkaline conditions severely restrict the utilization and decontamination efficiency of Fe(VI). Here, we discovered that Ru(III), a representative transition metal, could effectively activate Fe(VI) to degrade organic micropollutants, and its performance on Fe(VI) activation exceeded that of previously reported metal activators. The high-valent metal species (i.e., Fe(IV)/Fe(V) and high-valent Ru species) made a major contribution to SMX removal by Fe(VI)-Ru(III). Density functional theory calculations indicated the function of Ru(III) as a two-electron reductant, leading to the production of Ru(V) and Fe(IV) as the predominant active species. The characterization analyses proved that Ru species was deposited on ferric (hydr)oxides as Ru(III), indicating the possibility of Ru(III) as an electron shuttle with the rapid valence circulation between Ru(V) and Ru(III). This study not only develops an efficient way to activate Fe(VI) but also offers a thorough understanding of Fe(VI) activation induced by transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Mengfan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhenjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ye Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chuanshu He
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Bo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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11
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Niu L, Lin J, Chen W, Zhang Q, Yu X, Feng M. Ferrate(VI)/Periodate System: Synergistic and Rapid Oxidation of Micropollutants via Periodate/Iodate-Modulated Fe(IV)/Fe(V) Intermediates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7051-7062. [PMID: 37074844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The presence of organic micropollutants in water sources worldwide has created a need for the development of effective and selective oxidation methods in complex water matrices. This study is the first report of the combination of ferrate(VI) (Fe(VI)) and periodate (PI) for synergistic, rapid, and selective elimination of multiple micropollutants. This combined system was found to outperform other Fe(VI)/oxidant systems (e.g., H2O2, peroxydisulfate, and peroxymonosulfate) in rapid water decontamination. Scavenging, probing, and electron spin resonance experiments showed that high-valent Fe(IV)/Fe(V) intermediates, rather than hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, singlet oxygen, and iodyl radicals, played a dominant role in the process. Further, the generation of Fe(IV)/Fe(V) was evidenced directly by the 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopic test. Surprisingly, the reactivity of PI toward Fe(VI) is rather low (0.8223 M-1 s-1) at pH 8.0, implying that PI was not acting as an activator. Besides, as the only iodine sink of PI, iodate also played an enhanced role in micropollutant abatement by Fe(VI) oxidation. Further experiments proved that PI and/or iodate might function as the Fe(IV)/Fe(V) ligands, causing the utilization efficiency of Fe(IV)/Fe(V) intermediates for pollutant oxidation to outcompete their auto-decomposition. Finally, the oxidized products and plausible transformation pathways of three different micropollutants by single Fe(VI) and Fe(VI)/PI oxidation were characterized and elucidated. Overall, this study proposed a novel selective oxidation strategy (i.e., Fe(VI)/PI system) that could efficiently eliminate water micropollutants and clarified the unexpected interactions between PI/iodate and Fe(VI) for accelerated oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Niu
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, PR China
| | - Jiang Lin
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, PR China
| | - Wenzheng Chen
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, PR China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, PR China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361100, PR China
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12
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Tian Q, Zhang Y, Meng D, Zhai L, Shen Y, You C, Guan Z, Liao X. Simultaneous removal of tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole by laccase-mediated oxidation and ferrate(VI) oxidation: the impact of mediators and metal ions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:15708-15721. [PMID: 36171319 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23232-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the impact of mediators and metal ions of laccase-mediated oxidation and ferrate(VI) oxidation for the simultaneous removal of tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) and sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) and to effectively remove their antimicrobial activity. The results showed that the antimicrobial activity of tetracycline against Bacillus altitudinis and Escherichia coli was significantly reduced, and the antimicrobial activity of sulfamethoxazole against B. altitudinis disappeared completely after treatment with the laccase-ABTS system. The combination of 6.0 U/mL of laccase and 0.2 mmol/L of ABTS removed 100% of 20.0 mg/L of tetracycline after 1.0 min at pH 6.0 and 25.0 °C, whereas the removal ratio of 20.0 mg/L of sulfamethoxazole was only 6.7%. The Al3+ and Cu2+ ions promoted the oxidation, and the Mn2+ ion decelerated the oxidation of tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole by the laccase-mediator systems. In contrast, the antimicrobial activity of tetracycline against B. altitudinis and E. coli was shown to be significantly reduced, and the sulfamethoxazole still retained high antimicrobial activity against B. altitudinis after treatment with Fe(VI) oxidation. The removal ratio of 20.0 mg/L of tetracycline was 100% after 1.0 min of treatment with 982.0 mg/L of K2FeO4 at pH 6.0 and 25.0 °C, whereas the removal ratio of 20.0 mg/L of sulfamethoxazole was only 49.5%. The Al3+, Cu2+, and Mn2+ ions both decelerated the oxidation of tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole by Fe(VI) oxidation. In general, the combination of the laccase-ABTS system and Fe(VI) was proposed for the simultaneous treatment of TCs and SAs in wastewater and to effectively remove their antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaopeng Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, 416000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Yongzhou 425199, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Meng
- School of Biotechnology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Zhai
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shen
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping You
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbing Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangru Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Spellman CD, Goodwill JE. Pilot-scale evaluation of sulfite-activated ferrate for water reuse applications. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119400. [PMID: 36470048 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ferrate is a promising, "green" (i.e., iron-based) pre-oxidation technology in water treatment, but there has been limited research on its potential benefits in a water reuse (wastewater recycling) paradigm. Recent studies have shown ferrate treatment processes can be improved by activation, the addition of reductants (i.e., sulfite) to the reaction. Prior bench scale experimentation suggests sulfite-activated ferrate may be a feasible option for water reuse applications; however, extent questions need to be addressed. This study evaluated the viability of sulfite-activated ferrate in water reuse treatment through continuous-flow experiments using synthetic and field-collected secondary wastewater effluents. The effluents were processed through the piloting system which included various physicochemical processes such as ferrate pre-oxidation, coagulation, clarification, and dual-media filtration. In each trial, the system was run continuously for eight hours with data collected via grab samples and online instrumentation with real-time resolution. Results demonstrate that reuse systems using activated ferrate pre-oxidation can produce effluents with water quality meeting most regulatory requirements without major impacts on downstream physicochemical processes. When compared to traditional ferrate pre-oxidation, activation showed several improvements such as lower byproduct yields. Operationally, activated ferrate does increase the development of headloss across the dual-media filter. In general, sulfite-activated ferrate is viable in a water reuse setting, resulting in several improved water quality outcomes. Results from this work create a pathway for adaptation at scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Spellman
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881 USA
| | - Joseph E Goodwill
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
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14
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He H, Zhao J. The efficient degradation of diclofenac by ferrate and peroxymonosulfate: performances, mechanisms, and toxicity assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:11959-11977. [PMID: 36103067 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the degradation efficiency and reaction mechanisms of diclofenac (DCF), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, by the combination of ferrate (Fe(VI) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) (Fe(VI)/PMS) were systematically investigated. The higher degradation efficiency of DCF in Fe(VI)/PMS system can be obtained than that in alone persulfate (PS), Fe(VI), PMS, or the Fe(VI)/PS process at pH 6.0. DCF was efficiently removed in Fe(VI)/PMS process within a wide range of pH values from 4.0 to 8.0, with higher degradation efficiency in acidic conditions. The increasing reaction temperature (10 to 30 ℃), Fe(VI) dose (6.25 to 100 µM), or PMS concentration (50 to 1000 µM) significantly enhanced the DCF degradation. The existences of HCO3¯, Cl¯, and humic acid (HA) obviously inhibited the DCF removal. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), free radical quenching, and probing experiments confirmed the existence of sulfate radicals (SO4•¯), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and Fe(V)/ Fe(IV), which are responsible for DCF degradation in Fe(VI)/PMS system. The variations of TOC removal ratio reveal that the adsorption of organics with ferric particles, formed in the reduction of Fe(VI), also were functioned in the removal process. Sixteen DCF transformation byproducts were identified by UPLC-QTOF/MS, and the toxicity variation was evaluated. Consequently, eight reaction pathways for DCF degradation were proposed. This study provides theoretical basis for the utilization of Fe(VI)/PMS process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan He
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Jingan Road 5#, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Jingan Road 5#, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, 610066, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Waste Water Treatment, Sichuan Province Higher Education System, Sichuan, Chengdu, 610066, China.
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education of China, Chengdu, 610066, China.
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15
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Rao D, Dong H, Niu M, Wang X, Qiao J, Sun Y, Guan X. Mechanistic Insights into the Markedly Decreased Oxidation Capacity of the Fe(II)/S 2O 82- Process with Increasing pH. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:13131-13141. [PMID: 36067445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The poor oxidation capacity of the Fe(II)/S2O82- [Fe(II)/PDS] system at pH > 3.0 has limited its wide application in water treatment. To unravel the underlying mechanism, this study systematically evaluated the possible influencing factors over the pH range of 1.0-8.0 and developed a mathematical model to quantify these effects. Results showed that ∼82% of the generated Fe(IV) could be used for pollutant degradation at pH 1.0, whereas negligible Fe(IV) contribution was observed at pH 7.5. This dramatic decline of Fe(IV) contribution with increasing pH dominantly accounted for the pH-dependent performance of the Fe(II)/PDS process. Unexpectedly, Fe(II) could consume ∼80% of the generated SO4•- non-productively under both acidic and near-neutral conditions, while the larger formation of Fe(III) precipitates at high pH inhibited the SO4•- contribution mildly. Moreover, the strong Fe(II) scavenging effect was difficult to be compensated for by slowing down the Fe(II) dosing rate. The competition of dissolved oxygen with PDS for Fe(II) was insignificant at pH ≤ 7.5, where the second-order rate constants for reactions of Fe(II) with oxygen were much lower than or comparable to that between Fe(II) and PDS. These findings could advance our understanding of the chemistry and application of the Fe(II)/PDS process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, A235 Bourns Hall, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Hongyu Dong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mengfan Niu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junlian Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yuankui Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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16
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Zhao G, Ding J, Ren J, Zhao Q, Fan H, Wang K, Gao Q, Chen X, Long M. Treasuring industrial sulfur by-products: A review on add-value to reductive sulfide and sulfite for contaminant removal and hydrogen production. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129462. [PMID: 35792429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reductive sulfur-containing by-products (S-BPs) released from industrial process mainly exist in the simple form of sulfide and sulfite. In this study, recent advances to remove and make full use of reductive S-BPs to achieve efficient contaminant removal and hydrogen production are critically reviewed. Sulfide, serves as both reductant and nucleophile, can form intermediates with the catalyst surface functional group through chemical interaction, efficiently promoting the catalytic reduction process to remove contaminants. Sulfite assisted catalytic process could be classified to the advanced reduction processes (ARPs) and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), mainly depending on the presence of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the solution. During ARPs, sulfite could generate reductive active species including hydrated electron (eaq-), hydrogen radical (H·), and sulfite radical (SO3•-) under the irradiation of UV light, leading to the efficient reduction removal of a variety of contaminants. During AOPs, sulfite could first produce SO3•- under the action of the catalyst or energy, initiating a series of reactions to produce oxysulfur radicals. Various contaminants could be effectively removed under the role of these oxidizing active species. Sulfides and sulfites could also be removed along with promoting hydrogen production via photocatalytic and electrocatalytic processes. Besides, the present limitations and the prospects for future practical applications of the process with these S-BPs are proposed. Overall, this review gives a comprehensive summary and aims to provide new insights and thoughts in promoting contaminant removal and hydrogen production through taking full advantage of reductive S-BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanshu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Jiayi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Haojun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qingwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xueqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Mingce Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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17
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Wang J, Kim J, Ashley DC, Sharma VK, Huang CH. Peracetic Acid Enhances Micropollutant Degradation by Ferrate(VI) through Promotion of Electron Transfer Efficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11683-11693. [PMID: 35880779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ferrate(VI) and peracetic acid (PAA) are two oxidants of growing importance in water treatment. Recently, our group found that simultaneous application of ferrate(VI) and PAA led to much faster degradation of micropollutants compared to that by a single oxidant, and this paper systematically evaluated the underlying mechanisms. First, we used benzoic acid and methyl phenyl sulfoxide as probe compounds and concluded that Fe(IV)/Fe(V) was the main reactive species, while organic radicals [CH3C(O)O•/CH3C(O)OO•] had negligible contribution. Second, we removed the coexistent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in PAA stock solution with free chlorine and, to our surprise, found the second-order reaction rate constant between ferrate(VI) and PAA to be only about 1.44 ± 0.12 M-1s-1 while that of H2O2 was as high as (2.01 ± 0.12) × 101 M-1s-1 at pH 9.0. Finally, further experiments on ferrate(VI)-bisulfite and ferrate(VI)-2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic)acid systems confirmed that PAA was not an activator for ferrate(VI). Rather, PAA could enhance the oxidation capacity of Fe(IV)/Fe(V), making their oxidation outcompete self-decay. This study, for the first time, reveals the ability of PAA to promote electron transfer efficiency between high-valent metals and organic contaminants and confirms the benefits of co-application of ferrate(VI) and PAA for alkaline wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyue Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Juhee Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Daniel C Ashley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Spelman College, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, United States
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environment and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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18
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Shao B, Dong H, Zhou G, Ma J, Sharma VK, Guan X. Degradation of Organic Contaminants by Reactive Iron/Manganese Species: Progress and Challenges. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118765. [PMID: 35749920 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many iron(II, III, VI)- and manganese(II, IV, VII)-based oxidation processes can generate reactive iron/manganese species (RFeS/RMnS, i.e., Fe(IV)/Fe(V) and Mn(III)/Mn(V)/Mn(VI)), which have mild and selective reactivity toward a wide range of organic contaminants, and thus have drawn significant attention. The reaction mechanisms of these processes are rather complicated due to the simultaneous involvement of multiple radical and/or nonradical species. As a result, the ambiguity in the occurrence of RFeS/RMnS and divergence in the degradation mechanisms of trace organic contaminants in the presence of RFeS/RMnS exist in literature. In order to improve the critical understanding of the RFeS/RMnS-mediated oxidation processes, the detection methods of RFeS/RMnS and their roles in the destruction of trace organic contaminants are reviewed with special attention to some specific problems related to the scavenger and probe selection and experimental results analysis potentially resulting in some questionable conclusions. Moreover, the influence of background constituents, such as organic matter and halides, on oxidation efficiency of RFeS/RMnS-mediated oxidation processes and formation of byproducts are discussed through their comparison with those in free radicals-dominated oxidation processes. Finally, the prospects of the RFeS/RMnS-mediated oxidation processes and the challenges for future applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Dong
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Gongming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment (HIT), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, PR China
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, United States
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
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19
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Luo M, Zhang H, Zhou P, Peng J, Du Y, Xiong Z, Lai B. Graphite (GP) induced activation of ferrate(VI) for degradation of micropollutants: The crucial reduction role of carbonyl groups on GP surface. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128827. [PMID: 35405605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The sluggish oxidation kinetics of ferrate (Fe(VI)) at neutral and slightly alkaline pH impedes its rapid abatement of micropollutants in practical application. This work discovers that graphite (GP), a metal-free carbonaceous material, can be a promising material to improve the reactivity of Fe(VI) in the pH range of 7.0 - 9.0. The performance of the GP/Fe(VI) process for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal was further evaluated via altering the dosages of Fe(VI), GP, and SMX. Probe analysis and quenching experiments identified Fe(IV) and Fe(V) as the primary active species responsible for the removal of organic compounds in the GP/Fe(VI) system. The detailed activation mechanism of GP is discussed via analyzing the surface chemical changes of GP exposed to Fe(VI). It is found that the carbonyl groups on GP surface execute a critical role in Fe(VI) activation. The GP/Fe(VI) system shows powerful anti-interference ability to environmental background substances. Therefore, the new oxidation process proposed in this work holds a great application prospect for contamination remediation. Finally, we discuss the underlying degradation pathways of SMX by the GP/Fe(VI) system. This study not only develops a promising system for the removal of micropollutants but also provides an in-depth insight into the activation mechanism of metal-free carbonaceous material in Fe(VI) oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiali Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ye Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhaokun Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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20
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Spellman CD, Da'Er S, Ikuma K, Silverman I, Goodwill JE. Sulfite-activated ferrate for water reuse applications. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 216:118317. [PMID: 35339053 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ferrate is a promising, emerging water treatment technology. However, there has been limited research on the application of ferrate in a water reuse paradigm. Recent literature has shown that ferrate oxidation of target contaminants could be improved by "activation" with the addition of reductants or acid. This study examined the impact of sulfite-activated ferrate in laboratory water matrix and spiked municipal wastewater effluents with the goal of transforming organic contaminants of concern (e.g., 1,4-dioxane) and inactivating pathogenic organisms. Additionally, the formation of brominated disinfection byproducts by activated ferrate were examined and a proposed reaction pathway for byproduct formation is presented. In particular, the relative importance of reaction intermediates is discussed. This represents the first activated ferrate study to examine 1,4-dioxane transformation, disinfection, and brominated byproduct formation. Results presented show that the sub-stoichiometric ([Sulfite]:[Ferrate] = 0.5) activated ferrate treatment approach can oxidize recalcitrant contaminants by >50%, achieve >4-log inactivation of pathogens, and have relatively limited generation of brominated byproducts. However, stoichiometrically excessive ([Sulfite]:[Ferrate] = 4.0) activation showed decreased performance with decreased disinfection and increased risk of by-product formation. In general, our results indicate that sub-stoichiometric sulfite-activated ferrate seems a viable alternative technology for various modes of water reuse treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Spellman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States
| | - Sahar Da'Er
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | - Kaoru Ikuma
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, United States
| | | | - Joseph E Goodwill
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States.
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21
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Zhang H, Luo M, Zhou P, Liu Y, Du Y, He C, Yao G, Lai B. Enhanced ferrate(VI)) oxidation of sulfamethoxazole in water by CaO 2: The role of Fe(IV) and Fe(V). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:128045. [PMID: 34986573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the enhancing role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a self-decay product of ferrate (Fe(VI)), on Fe(VI) reactivity has received increasing attention. In this study, we found that calcium peroxide (CaO2) as a slow-releasing reagent of H2O2 could also enhance the Fe(VI) performance for removing sulfamethoxazole (SMX). Compared with sole Fe(VI), sole CaO2 and Fe(VI)-H2O2 systems, the Fe(VI)-CaO2 system showed higher reactivity to remove SMX. The radical scavenger and chemical probe test results indicated that the better oxidation performance of Fe(VI)-CaO2 system than Fe(VI) alone was ascribed to the generation of Fe(Ⅳ) and Fe(Ⅴ) rather than •OH. In addition, the performance of Fe(VI)-CaO2 system for degradation of contaminants was also superior to Fe(VI)-Na2SO3, Fe(VI)-NaHSO3 and Fe(VI)-Na2S2O3 systems under the same experimental conditions. Moreover, the effects of critical operating parameters, inorganic anions, inorganic cations, and humic acid on the degradation of SMX by Fe(VI)-CaO2 system were revealed. The Fe(VI)-CaO2 system exhibited good applicability in authentic water. Finally, the underlying degradation intermediates of SMX by Fe(VI)-CaO2 system and their toxicity were confirmed. In conclusion, this study provides a new strategy for enhancing the oxidation capacity of Fe(VI) and comprehensively reveals the oxidation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mengfan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ye Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chuanshu He
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Bo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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22
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Cai Y, Shen S, Fan J. Enhanced degradation of tetracycline by Cu(II) complexation in the FeS/sulfite system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126673. [PMID: 34330076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study applied a mineral material of FeS to activate sulfite for efficient degradation of TTC in the presence of Cu(II) based on the identified complexation mechanism through UV-Vis spectra, FTIR spectroscopy and DFT calculation. pH plays an important role in TTC degradation and the initial pH of 6 and 7 were the divide in the contributions of FeS/sulfite oxidation and complex-precipitation. TTC-Cu(II) exhibits a superior promoting effect on the TTC degradation in FeS/sulfite system due to the improvement of TTC electron transfer reactivity and Fe(II) dissolution from FeS. Moreover, the formation of Cu(I) improved the recycling of Fe(II) from Fe(III). Dissolved oxygen-dependent free radicals' generation was confirmed, and TTC degradation was mainly attributed to SO4·- and ·OH. The characterization of FeS surface through XPS, XRD, SEM-EDS, Fe(II) deactivation tests, together with the comparison of pseudo-first-order rate constants for TTC degradation by FeS and ferrous ion supported the important role of surface and dissolved Fe(II) in sulfite activation. Furthermore, reasonable degradation pathways of TTC have been proposed according to the detected products by LC-MS. This work highlights the important role of pH, DO and Cu(II) complexation in sulfite activation and TTC degradation, furnishing theoretical support for further relevant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shihao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jinhong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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23
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Sharma VK, Feng M, Dionysiou DD, Zhou HC, Jinadatha C, Manoli K, Smith MF, Luque R, Ma X, Huang CH. Reactive High-Valent Iron Intermediates in Enhancing Treatment of Water by Ferrate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:30-47. [PMID: 34918915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efforts are being made to tune the reactivity of the tetraoxy anion of iron in the +6 oxidation state (FeVIO42-), commonly called ferrate, to further enhance its applications in various environmental fields. This review critically examines the strategies to generate highly reactive high-valent iron intermediates, FeVO43- (FeV) and FeIVO44- or FeIVO32- (FeIV) species, from FeVIO42-, for the treatment of polluted water with greater efficiency. Approaches to produce FeV and FeIV species from FeVIO42- include additions of acid (e.g., HCl), metal ions (e.g., Fe(III)), and reductants (R). Details on applying various inorganic reductants (R) to generate FeV and FeIV from FeVIO42- via initial single electron-transfer (SET) and oxygen-atom transfer (OAT) to oxidize recalcitrant pollutants are presented. The common constituents of urine (e.g., carbonate, ammonia, and creatinine) and different solids (e.g., silica and hydrochar) were found to accelerate the oxidation of pharmaceuticals by FeVIO42-, with potential mechanisms provided. The challenges of providing direct evidence of the formation of FeV/FeIV species are discussed. Kinetic modeling and density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide opportunities to distinguish between the two intermediates (i.e., FeIV and FeV) in order to enhance oxidation reactions utilizing FeVIO42-. Further mechanistic elucidation of activated ferrate systems is vital to achieve high efficiency in oxidizing emerging pollutants in various aqueous streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Mingbao Feng
- College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DChEE), 705 Engineering Research Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Chetan Jinadatha
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas 76504-7451, United States
- College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Kyriakos Manoli
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Mallory F Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C_3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, E14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho Maklaya str., 117198 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Xingmao Ma
- Zachery Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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24
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Chen X, Han Y, Gao P, Li H. New insight into the mechanism of electro-assisted pyrite minerals activation of peroxymonosulfate: Synergistic effects, activation sites and electron transfer. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Yang T, Mai J, Wu S, Luo W, Zhu M, Liang P, Guo L, Chen J, Jia J, Ma J. Insight into enhanced activation of permanganate under simulated solar irradiation: Rapid formation of manganese species. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 205:117669. [PMID: 34597991 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, permanganate [Mn(VII)] was activated by simulated solar (SS) (SS/Mn(VII)), resulting in rapid degradation of micropollutants in several minutes, with rates of target micropollutants outnumbered those in the Mn(VII) alone and SS. To explore the mechanism in this process, 4-cholorphenol (4-CP), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (p-HBA), and enrofloxacin (ENR) were selected as model compounds. Lines of evidence indicated that reactive manganese species (RMnS) (i.e., Mn(III) and Mn(V)) rather than radicals from Mn(VII) photolysis participated in the conversion of model compounds. Interestingly, roles of RMnS differed among three model compounds, suggesting their selectivity toward micropollutants. Increasing Mn(VII) dosage proved greater micropollutant degradation, while impacts of pH on SS/Mn(VII) performance varied among model compounds. P-HBA and ENR showed the lowest degradation efficiency at alkaline, whereas 4-CP demonstrated the best performance at alkaline, indicating the reactivity of RMnS varied toward micropollutants at different pH values. The quantum yield of Mn(VII) was 8.36 ± 0.03 X 10-6 mol Einstein-1 at pH 7.0. Effects of common co-existing constituents (Cl-, HCO3-, and humic acid (HA)) on micropollutant degradation by SS/Mn(VII) were examined. Specifically, HCO3- positively influenced the 4-CP and p-HBA degradation, whereas ENR was not affected, likely owing to the selectivity of RMnS-HCO3- complexes. HA was conducive to degrade p-HBA due to the production of RMnS-HA complexes, but unfavorable for ENR and 4-CP degradation because of the competitive light absorption and Mn(VII). Furthermore, a number of degradation products of 4-CP, p-HBA, and ENR were identified and possible pathways were proposed accordingly. The effectiveness of this process for micropollutant degradation in real waters, natural sunlight, ultraviolet and visible light via cut-off filtering SS emission was confirmed. This work revealed a great potential of applying SS/Mn(VII) for the marked degradation of micropollutants and facilitated the understandings of Mn(III)/Mn(V) behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Jiamin Mai
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sisi Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Weikang Luo
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mengyang Zhu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ping Liang
- School of Applied and Physics Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lin Guo
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianbo Jia
- School of Biotechnology and Health Science, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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26
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Wu QY, Lu XS, Feng MB, Wang WL, Du Y, Yang LL, Hu HY. Reduction of cytotoxicity and DNA double-strand break effects of wastewater by ferrate(VI): Roles of oxidation and coagulation. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 205:117667. [PMID: 34547698 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ferrate(VI) (Fe(VI)) can oxidize individual pollutants, but the pollutant oxidation does not necessarily result in toxicity reduction. Besides, Fe(VI) resultant Fe(III) particles has previously been used to remove heavy metals, but its influence on organic matter and toxicity of wastewater is unknown. This study investigated influence of Fe(VI) on the cytotoxicity and DNA double-strand break (DSB) effects of secondary effluents from wastewater treatment plants to Chinese hamster ovary cells. Adding 5.0 mg/L Fe(VI) as Fe reduced the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of secondary effluents by 44%-71% and 40%-59%, respectively. The toxicity reduction could be explained by the alleviation of oxidative stress in cells when they were exposed to the Fe(VI)-treated organic matter. Oxidation and coagulation accounted for 60 and 40% of the reductions in cytotoxicity and genotoxicity, demonstrating that both oxidation and coagulation processes can play important roles in reducing toxicity. Molecular weight (MW)-distribution analysis showed that the oxidation process was favored for removing ultraviolet absorbance and fluorescence intensity of organic matter, while the coagulation process removed more dissolved organic carbon (DOC), especially the DOC of fractions with MW < 500 Da. Compared with ferric chloride, the Fe(VI) resultant Fe(III) showed better coagulation performance on organic matter, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity removal, because of the different particle sizes and crystalline structures. This study highlights the benefit of using Fe(VI) in advanced treatment as Fe(VI) reduced the overall toxicity of secondary effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xue-Si Lu
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ming-Bao Feng
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wen-Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ye Du
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China.
| | - Lu-Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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27
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Luo M, Zhou H, Zhou P, Lai L, Liu W, Ao Z, Yao G, Zhang H, Lai B. Insights into the role of in-situ and ex-situ hydrogen peroxide for enhanced ferrate(VI) towards oxidation of organic contaminants. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117548. [PMID: 34412019 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, several studies have been conscious of the promotion effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a self-decay product of ferrate (Fe(VI)), on Fe(VI) to oxidize contaminations, but the pivotal activation mechanism has not been thoroughly evaluated. This work aims to compare and reveal the promoting mechanism of H2O2 in Fe(VI) and Fe(VI)-H2O2 processes, and to illustrate the practical use potential of Fe(VI)-H2O2 system. Many lines of evidence verified the involvement of •OH and O2•- in pollutant degradation were excluded in Fe(VI) and Fe(VI)-H2O2 systems, meaning that high dosage of H2O2 cannot trigger an activation pathway different from in-situ H2O2. The better oxidation performance of the Fe(VI)-H2O2 system than Fe(VI) alone was ascribed to the catalytic role of in-situ and ex-situ H2O2, which can directly and/ or indirectly facilitate the formation of Fe(IV) and Fe(V). Considering the structural similarity of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and peroxydisulfate (PDS) with H2O2 as well as their universality in water pollutant remediation, the oxidation properties and reactive oxidants of Fe(VI)-PMS and Fe(VI)-PDS processes were also examined. Besides, the Fe(VI)-H2O2 system suffered from less restriction by inorganic ions and natural organic matter, and exhibited satisfactory pollutant removal effects in real water. Overall, this work provides a further and comprehensive cognition about the role of H2O2 in Fe(VI) and Fe(VI)-H2O2 systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Leiduo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhimin Ao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 51006, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Institute of Environmental Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Germany
| | - Heng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Bo Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; Sino-German Centre for Water and Health Research, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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28
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Zhang Y, Yang W, Zhang K, Kumaravel A, Zhang Y. Sulfite Activation by Glucose-Derived Carbon Catalysts for As(III) Oxidation: The Role of Ketonic Functional Groups and Conductivity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11961-11969. [PMID: 34369754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of glucose-derived carbon catalysts were developed and applied for the activation of sulfite for the oxidation of As(III). The process of sulfite activation with the carbon catalysts is based on the production of oxysulfur free radicals such as SO3•-, SO5•-, and SO4•-. The factors responsible for the sulfite activation performance of carbon catalysts are conductivity and ketonic functional groups. A complex is formed between the sulfite and carbon catalysts, and the electron transfer that takes place within the complex leads to the generation of semiquinone and oxysulfur radicals, and finally, the oxysulfur radicals are converted into SO4•- by means of O2, which results in the As(III) oxidation. The efficiency of the sulfite/carbon system is enhanced under normoxia conditions due to the reversible transformation cycle occurring among C═O/C-O•/C-OH triads. The present study is of great environmental significance as sulfite is a source of SO4•- generated, and the activation is achieved by a metal-free carbon material, which makes the process viable and environmentally friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Ammasai Kumaravel
- Department of Chemistry, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Neelambur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641062, India
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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29
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Kovalakova P, Cizmas L, Feng M, McDonald TJ, Marsalek B, Sharma VK. Oxidation of antibiotics by ferrate(VI) in water: Evaluation of their removal efficiency and toxicity changes. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130365. [PMID: 34384193 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics in water and wastewater have been determined extensively. The treatment of antibiotics in water needs evaluation of possible harmful effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. This paper presents the toxicity evaluation of antibiotics after their treatment with ferrate (VI) (FeVIO42-, Fe(VI)) in water. The antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole (SMX), erythromycin (ERY), ofloxacin (OFL), ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TET), oxytetracycline (OXY), and trimethoprim (TMP)) were treated at pH 8.0 by applying two concentrations of Fe(VI) to have molar ratios of 5:1 and 10:1 ([Fe(VI)]:[antibiotic]). Under the studied conditions, incomplete removal of antibiotics was observed, suggesting that the treated solutions contained parent antibiotics and their transformation products. The toxicity of antibiotics without Fe(VI) treatment was tested against freshwater green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata and cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, which were determined to be generally sensitive to antibiotics, with EC50 < 1.0 mg/L. The toxicity of Fe(VI) treated solution was tested against R. subcapitata. Results found no toxicity for the treated solutions of OFL, CIP, and OXY. However, SMX, ERY, and TET remained toxic after Fe(VI) treatment (i.e., more than 75% growth inhibition of R. subcapitata). Results demonstrated that R. subcapitata may be applied to test the toxicity of antibiotics after oxidative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Kovalakova
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Department of Experimental Phycology and Ecotoxicology, Lidicka 25/27, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic; T. G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, Podbabska 2582/30, 16000, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Leslie Cizmas
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Mingbao Feng
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Thomas J McDonald
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Blahoslav Marsalek
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Department of Experimental Phycology and Ecotoxicology, Lidicka 25/27, 60200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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30
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Zhao J, Song Q, He Q, Dionysiou DD, Wu F, Feng Y, Zhang X. Fabrication of Bi 1.81MnNbO 6.72/sulfite system for efficient degradation of chlortetracycline. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:129269. [PMID: 33360936 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The design of eco-friendly Bi1.81MnNbO6.72/sulfite system for efficient degradation of chlortetracycline was achieved. The feasibility of synthesizing Bi1.81MnNbO6.72 by hydrothermal method was determined by X-ray diffraction. The magnetic test suggested that Bi1.81MnNbO6.72 possessed paramagnetic properties, indicating unpaired electrons were present. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy images revealed that Bi1.81MnNbO6.72 octahedra exhibited exposed [1,1,1] crystal plane containing high density of Bi, Mn and Nb metal atoms. Large numbers of metal atoms will facilitate heterogeneous catalytic process. In a batch system with aeration, Bi1.81MnNbO6.72 could be used as sulfite activator for the disposal of chlortetracycline. The reaction kinetics of the degradation process conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In Bi1.81MnNbO6.72/sulfite process, initial pH, Bi1.81MnNbO6.72 dosage, sulfite and chlortetracycline concentrations, as well as inorganic salt ions had great effect on chlortetracycline degradation. Under optimal conditions, the efficiency of Bi1.81MnNbO6.72/sulfite system for degradation of chlortetracycline could reach 76.2%. Moreover, Mn (II) plays a key role in the initiation of the catalytic reaction in Bi1.81MnNbO6.72/sulfite process. Generated SO3●‒ could act as main reactive species in Bi1.81MnNbO6.72/sulfite process, while HO● was also involved. Three new degradation products were detected by UHPLC/MS/MS and the possible degradation pathways in this system were proposed. Based on this, we believe that Bi1.81MnNbO6.72/sulfite is a type of process for degradation of organic contaminants with research significance and application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, 5 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China.
| | - Qiang Song
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, 5 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Technical Center, Xi'an Customs District, Shaanxi, 710068, PR China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, United States
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, 5 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
| | - Yawei Feng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, 5 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, 5 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710048, PR China
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31
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Luo C, Sadhasivan M, Kim J, Sharma VK, Huang CH. Revelation of Fe(V)/Fe(IV) Involvement in the Fe(VI)-ABTS System: Kinetic Modeling and Product Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3976-3987. [PMID: 33635630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To quantitatively probe iron intermediate species [Fe(V)/Fe(IV)] in Fe(VI) oxidation, this study systematically investigated the reaction kinetics of Fe(VI) oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic)acid (ABTS) at different ratios of [ABTS]0/[Fe(VI)]0 (i.e., >1.0, =1.0, and <1.0) in pH 7.0 phosphate (10 mM)-buffered solution. Compared to the literature, a more comprehensive and robust kinetic model for the Fe(VI)-ABTS system including interactions between high-valent iron species [Fe(VI), Fe(V), and Fe(IV)], ABTS, and the ABTS•+ radical was proposed and validated. The oxidation of ABTS by Fe(VI) (k = (5.96 ± 0.9%) × 105 M-1 s-1), Fe(V) (k = (2.04 ± 0.0%) × 105 M-1 s-1), or Fe(IV) (k = (4.64 ± 13.0%) × 105 M-1 s-1) proceeds via one-electron transfer to generate ABTS•+, which is subsequently oxidized by Fe(VI) (k = (8.5 ± 0.0%) × 102 M-1 s-1), Fe(V) (k = (1.0 ± 40.0%) × 105 M-1 s-1), or Fe(IV) (k = (1.9 ± 17.0%) × 103 M-1 s-1), respectively, via two-electron (oxygen atom) transfer to generate colorless ABTSox. At [ABTS]0/[Fe(VI)]0 > 1.0, experimental data and model simulation both indicated that the reaction stoichiometric ratio of Fe(VI)/ABTS•+ increased from 1.0:1.0 to 1.0:1.2 as [ABTS]0 was increased. Furthermore, the Fe(VI)-ABTS-substrate model was developed to successfully determine reactivity of Fe(V) to different substrates (k = (0.7-1.42) × 106 M-1 s-1). Overall, the improved Fe(VI)-ABTS kinetic model provides a useful tool to quantitatively probe Fe(V)/Fe(IV) behaviors in Fe(VI) oxidation and gains new fundamental insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Luo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Manasa Sadhasivan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Juhee Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environment and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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32
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Zhang X, Feng M, Luo C, Nesnas N, Huang CH, Sharma VK. Effect of Metal Ions on Oxidation of Micropollutants by Ferrate(VI): Enhancing Role of Fe IV Species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:623-633. [PMID: 33326216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigated the oxidation of recalcitrant micropollutants [i.e., atenolol (ATL), flumequine, aspartame, and diatrizoic acid] by combining ferrate(VI) (FeVIO42-, FeVI) with a series of metal ions [i.e., Fe(III), Ca(II), Al(III), Sc(III), Co(II), and Ni(II)]. An addition of Fe(III) to FeVI enhanced the oxidation of micropollutants compared solely to FeVI. The enhanced oxidation of studied micropollutants increased with increasing [Fe(III)]/[FeVI] to 2.0. The complete conversion of phenyl methyl sulfoxide (PMSO), as a probe agent, to phenyl methyl sulfone (PMSO2) by the FeVI-Fe(III) system suggested that the highly reactive intermediate FeIV/FeV species causes the increased oxidation of all four micropollutants. A kinetic modeling of the oxidation of ATL demonstrated that the major species causing the increase in ATL removal was FeIV, which had an estimated rate constant as (6.3 ± 0.2) × 104 M-1 s-1, much higher than that of FeVI [(5.0 ± 0.4) × 10-1 M-1 s-1]. Mechanisms of the formed oxidation products of ATL by FeIV, which included aromatic and/or benzylic oxidation, are delineated. The presence of natural organic matter significantly inhibited the removal of four pollutants by the FeVI-Fe(III) system. The enhanced effect of the FeVI-Fe(III) system was also seen in the oxidation of the micropollutants in river water and lake water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbing Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- National Inland Waterway Regulation Engineering Research Center, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400074, China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Cong Luo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Nasri Nesnas
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, United States
| | - Ching-Hua Huang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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33
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Lu J, Cui Z, Deng X, Liang Z, Chai S, Fan J, Zhang Z, Zhao Z. Rapid degradation of dimethoate and simultaneous removal of total phosphorus by acid-activated Fe(VI) under simulated sunlight. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127265. [PMID: 32540534 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ferrate (Fe(VI)) is usually effective for oxidizing a variety of organic pollutants within a few seconds, but some recalcitrant asorganophosphorus pesticides such as dimethoate require higher dose of Fe(VI) and inorganic phosphorus produced by mineralization is difficult to remove. In this study, acid-activated ferrate (Fe(VI)) was firstly used to degrade organophosphorus pesticides dimethoate and simultaneously remove total phosphorus (TP) from solution under simulated sunlight. At a Fe(VI):dimethoate molar radio of 15:1, dimethoate was almost completely removed within 20 min and 47% of TP in the solution was removed by the reduction product of Fe(VI) within 240 min. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and terephthalic acid (TA) fluorescence experiments showed that •OH radicals were continuously generated in the system, and •OH formation pathway was proposed. Importantly, the involvement of •OH in acid-activated Fe(VI) process was confirmed for the first time by EPR. In the acid-activated Fe(VI)/simulated sunlight system, the removal of dimethoate and TP gradually increased with the decrement of activation pH, whereas the increase of molar ratio of Fe(VI):dimethoate enhanced the removal of dimethoate and TP. The addition of inorganic anions (HCO3- and NO2-) had obvious inhibitory effects on dimethoate and TP removal. Eight degradation products including O,O,S-trimethylphosphorothiate, omethoate and 2-S-methyl-(N-methyl) acetamide were determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, and two possible degradation pathways were proposed. The insights gained from this study open a new avenue to simultaneously degrade and remove organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsuo Lu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Zhanguo Cui
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Xiaoyong Deng
- School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Zhijie Liang
- School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Shouning Chai
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Junyu Fan
- Department of Military Facilities, Army Logistics University, Chongqing, 401311, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- School of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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34
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Liu J, Lujan H, Dhungana B, Hockaday WC, Sayes CM, Cobb GP, Sharma VK. Ferrate(VI) pretreatment before disinfection: An effective approach to controlling unsaturated and aromatic halo-disinfection byproducts in chlorinated and chloraminated drinking waters. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 138:105641. [PMID: 32203804 PMCID: PMC7724572 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection is an essential process of drinking water treatment to eliminate harmful pathogens, but it generates potentially toxic disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Ferrate (FeO42-, Fe(VI)) was used to pre-oxidize natural organic matter (NOM, the precursor of DBPs) in source water to control DBP formation in subsequent chlorine or chloramine disinfection. Currently, it is unclear how Fe(VI) changes the structure of NOM, and no information details the effect of Fe(VI) pretreatment on the aromatic DBPs or the speciation of overall DBPs generated in subsequent disinfection of drinking water. In the present paper, Fe(VI) was applied to pretreat simulated source water samples at a Fe(VI) to dissolved organic carbon mole ratio of 1:1 at pH 8.0. 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was newly employed to characterize NOM in simulated source waters with and without Fe(VI) treatment, and it was demonstrated that Fe(VI) converted unsaturated aromatic C functional groups in NOM to saturated aliphatic ones. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and high performance liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole MS were applied to analyze the DBPs generated in chlorination and chloramination of the source waters with and without Fe(VI) pretreatment. It was confirmed that Fe(VI) pretreatment followed by chlorination (or chloramination), generated DBPs containing less unsaturated, halogenated, and aromatic moieties than chlorination (or chloramination) without pretreatment by Fe(VI). Finally, the cytotoxicity of disinfected drinking water samples were assessed with the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line (a model of the intestinal barrier for ingested toxicants), and the results show that Fe(VI) pretreatment detoxified the chlorinated and chloraminated drinking waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Henry Lujan
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Birendra Dhungana
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | | | - Christie M Sayes
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - George P Cobb
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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