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Pan N, Xu H, Chen W, Liu Z, Liu Y, Huang T, Du S, Xu S, Zheng T, Zuo Z. Cyanobacterial VOCs β-ionone and β-cyclocitral poisoning Lemna turionifera by triggering programmed cell death. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123059. [PMID: 38042469 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
β-Ionone and β-cyclocitral are two typical components in cyanobacterial volatiles, which can poison aquatic plants and even cause death. To reveal the toxic mechanisms of the two compounds on aquatic plants through programmed cell death (PCD), the photosynthetic capacities, caspase-3-like activity, DNA fragmentation and ladders, as well as expression of the genes associated with PCD in Lemna turionifera were investigated in exposure to β-ionone (0.2 mM) and β-cyclocitral (0.4 mM) at lethal concentration. With prolonging the treatment time, L. turionifera fronds gradually died, and photosynthetic capacities gradually reduced and even disappeared at the 96th h. This demonstrated that the death process might be a PCD rather than a necrosis, due to the gradual loss of physiological activities. When L. turionifera underwent the death, caspase-3-like was activated after 3 h, and reached to the strongest activity at the 24th h. TUNEL-positive nuclei were detected after 12 h, and appeared in large numbers at the 48th h. The DNA was cleaved by Ca2+-dependent endonucleases and showed obviously ladders. In addition, the expression of 5 genes (TSPO, ERN1, CTSB, CYC, and ATR) positively related with PCD initiation was up-regulated, while the expression of 2 genes (RRM2 and TUBA) negatively related with PCD initiation was down-regulated. Therefore, β-ionone and β-cyclocitral can poison L. turionifera by adjusting related gene expression to trigger PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Haozhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Wangbo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zijian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yichi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Tianyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Siyi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Sun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Tiefeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zhaojiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Chen S, Hao HC, Zhang SZ, Jiang H. Selectively retaining nutrients in biochar in magnesium added two-zone staged copyrolysis of blue algae and corn gluten wastes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117583. [PMID: 36848804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The disposal of blue algae (BA) and corn gluten (CG) wastes and the simultaneous recovery of abundant phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) by pyrolysis to obtain biochars with high fertility is a promising strategy. However, pyrolysis of BA or CG alone by a conventional reactor cannot reach the target. Herein, we propose a novel MgO-enhanced N and P recovery method by designing a two-zone staged pyrolysis reactor to highly efficiently recover N and P with easily available plant forms in BA and CG. The results show that a 94.58% total phosphorus (TP) retention rate was achieved by means of the special two-zone staged pyrolysis method, in which the effective P (Mg2PO4(OH) and R-NH-P) accounted for 52.9% of TP, while the total nitrogen (TN) reached 4.1 wt%. In this process, stable P was formed first at 400 °C to avoid rapid volatilization and then to form hydroxyl P at 800 °C. Meanwhile, Mg-BA char in the lower zone can efficiently absorb N-containing gas generated by the upper CG, forming dispersible N. This work is of great significance for improving the green utilization value of P and N in BA and CG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hong-Chao Hao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shu-Zhe Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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Gao Y, Yang H, Li L, Gao X, Li M, Dong J, Zhang M, Zhang J, Li X, Lu Z, Burford MA. Higher resistance of a microcystin (MC)-producing cyanobacterium, Microcystis, to the submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:63941-63952. [PMID: 37055695 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of Microcystis blooms can affect growth of submerged plants, which in turn can inhibit cyanobacterial growth. Microcystin (MC)-producing and non-MC-producing Microcystis strains typically coexist in Microcystis-dominated blooms. However, the interaction between submerged plants and Microcystis at strain level is not clear. This study was aimed at assessing the effects of a submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum on one MC-producing versus one non-MC-producing strains of the cyanobacterium Microcystis using plant-Microcystis co-culture experiments. The impacts of Microcystis on M. spicatum were also examined. It showed that the MC-producing Microcystis strain had a higher resistance to negative impacts by the cocultured submerged plant M. spicatum than the non-MC-producing strain. By contrast, the plant M. spicatum was impacted more by the MC-producing Microcystis than the non-MC-producer. The associated bacterioplankton community was affected more by the MC-producing Microcystis than the cocultured M. spicatum. The MC cell quotas were significantly higher in the coculture treatment (the PM + treatment, p < 0.05), indicating that the production and release of MCs might be a key factor responsible for the reduced impact of M. spicatum. The higher concentrations of dissolved organic and reducing inorganic compounds might eventually exacerbate the recovering capacity of coexisting submerged plants. Overall, this study indicated that the capacity to produce MCs, as well as the density of Microcystis, should be taken into account when attempting to reestablish submerged vegetation to undertake remediation works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunni Gao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- Observation and Research Station On Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang, 474450, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Longfei Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- Observation and Research Station On Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang, 474450, China
| | - Mei Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- Observation and Research Station On Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang, 474450, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- Observation and Research Station On Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang, 474450, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- Observation and Research Station On Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang, 474450, China
| | - Jingxiao Zhang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- Observation and Research Station On Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang, 474450, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
- Observation and Research Station On Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang, 474450, China.
| | - Zhiying Lu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Michele A Burford
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
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Moreira MH, They NH, Rodrigues LR, Alvarenga-Lucius L, Pita-Barbosa A. Salty freshwater macrophytes: the effects of salinization in freshwaters upon non-halophyte aquatic plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159608. [PMID: 36280080 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salinization is a threat that affects aquatic ecosystems worldwide. As primary producers, freshwater macrophytes are of paramount importance in these ecosystems, however, information regarding the potential impacts of salinization upon these organisms is still scarce. In this review we provide a comprehensive and updated discussion of how freshwater macrophytes deal with salinity increase in freshwaters. We reviewed the salinity tolerance of widespread non-halophyte macrophytes through an overview of salinity tolerance mechanisms, their tolerance classification, and salinity effects at different levels of organization: from individuals to ecosystems. Thus, we demonstrated that widespread macrophytes that inhabit freshwaters display efficient salinity tolerance to salinity levels between 5 and 10 g L-1, and only a few species display tolerance to salinities higher than 10 g L-1. Widespread macrophytes demonstrated salinity tolerance of approximately 5 g L-1. Widespread macrophytes demonstrated salinity tolerance of approximately 5 g L-1. Emergent, floating and submerged species showed no significant difference in salinity tolerance. Salinity stress symptoms in freshwater macrophytes are somewhat similar to those of terrestrial plants and can show up even at slight salinity increases. Salinities higher than 1 g L-1 can negatively affect both physiology and diversity of non-halophyte macrophytes and cause long-term - and not well understood - changes in freshwater ecosystems. Salinization of freshwater ecosystems, among others threats, in combination with climate change, raise concerns about the future ecological status of freshwater ecosystems and the services they can provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Hoffmann Moreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Ng Haig They
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Departamento Interdisciplinar, Centro de Estudos Limnológicos, Costeiros e Marinhos, Campus Litoral Norte, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Imbé, RS 95625-000, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Ribeiro Rodrigues
- Instituto de Pesquisas Hidráulicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Luna Alvarenga-Lucius
- Institut für Biowissenschaften, Abteilung Pflanzenphysiologie, Universität Rostock, A.-Einstein-Str. 3, Rostock D-18059, Germany
| | - Alice Pita-Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil; Departamento Interdisciplinar, Centro de Estudos Limnológicos, Costeiros e Marinhos, Campus Litoral Norte, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Imbé, RS 95625-000, Brazil.
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Zuo Z. Emission of cyanobacterial volatile organic compounds and their roles in blooms. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1097712. [PMID: 36891397 PMCID: PMC9987517 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1097712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes and one of dominant species in eutrophicated waters, which easily burst blooms in summer with high irradiance and temperature conditions. In response to high irradiance, high temperature, and nutrient conditions, cyanobacteria release abundant of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by up-regulating related gene expression and oxidatively degrading β-carotene. These VOCs not only increase offensive odor in waters, but also transfer allelopathic signals to algae and aquatic plants, resulting in cyanobacteria dominating eutrophicated waters. Among these VOCs, β-cyclocitral, α-ionone, β-ionone, limonene, longifolene, and eucalyptol have been identified as the main allelopathic agents, which even directly kill algae by inducing programmed cell death (PCD). The VOCs released from cyanobacteria, especially the ruptured cells, exhibit repelling effects on the herbivores, which is beneficial to survival of the population. Cyanobacterial VOCs might transfer aggregating information among homogeneous species, so the acceptors initiate aggregation to resist the coming stresses. It can be speculated that the adverse conditions can promote VOC emission from cyanobacteria, which play important roles in cyanobacteria dominating eutrophicated waters and even bursting blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojiang Zuo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-Based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Hong J, Huang X, Wang Z, Luo X, Huang S, Zheng Z. Combined toxic effects of enrofloxacin and microplastics on submerged plants and epiphytic biofilms in high nitrogen and phosphorus waters. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136099. [PMID: 36037962 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the wide application of plastic products, microplastic pollution has become a major environmental issue of global concern. Microplastics in aquatic environments can interact with organic pollutants, causing a combined effect on submerged macrophytes. This study investigated the response mechanisms of the submerged plant Myriophyllum verticillatum and epiphytic biofilm to the antibiotic enrofloxacin, microplastics, and their combined exposure in a high nitrogen and phosphorus environment. The results indicated that Myriophyllum verticillatum was not sensitive to enrofloxacin of 1 mg L-1, while 10 and 50 mg L-1 enrofloxacin inhibited the uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by the plants, as well as triggered oxidative stress in the plant leaves, causing irreversible damage to the plant cells. In addition, enrofloxacin altered the structure of the leaf epiphytic biofilm community. Interestingly, 1, 5, and 20 mg L-1 microplastics had no significant effect on the plant, while they facilitated the aggregation of microorganisms, increasing the abundance of the leaf epiphyte biofilm. The combination of enrofloxacin and microplastics induced a synergistic effect on Myriophyllum verticillatum. Specifically, the rate of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by the plant was reduced, the content of photosynthetic pigments decreased, and antioxidant enzyme activity was further increased. In addition, the diversity of the leaf epiphytic biofilm community was similar to the single enrofloxacin exposure. These results demonstrated the differences between single and combined exposures and provided a new theoretical basis to evaluate the harmful effects of enrofloxacin and microplastics on submerged macrophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Xuhui Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Zhikai Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Xingzhang Luo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Suzhen Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
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Du S, Xu H, Yang M, Pan N, Zheng T, Xu C, Li Y, Zuo Z. Toxic mechanism of two cyanobacterial volatiles β-cyclocitral and β-ionone on the photosynthesis in duckweed by altering gene expression. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119711. [PMID: 35809713 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) promote cyanobacteria dominating eutrophicated waters, with aquatic plant decrease and even disappearance. To uncover the toxic mechanism of cyanobacterial VOCs on aquatic plants, we investigated the growth, photosynthetic pigment levels, photosynthetic abilities and related gene expression in duckweed treated with β-cyclocitral and β-ionone, 2 main components in the VOCs. The levels of chlorophylls and carotenoids gradually declined with raising the concentration of the 2 compounds and prolonging the treatment time. Their decline should result from the down-regulation of 8 genes associated with photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis and up-regulation of 2 genes involved in carotenoid degradation. The reduction was also found in the photosystem II (PSII) efficiency and O2 evolution rate, which should result from the lowered photosynthetic pigment levels and down-regulation of 38 genes related with photosynthetic process. The frond numbers, total frond area and fresh weight gradually decreased with raising the 2 compound concentration, which may result from the lowered photosynthetic abilities as well as down-regulated expression of 7 genes associated with growth-promoting hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction. It can be speculated that cyanobacterial VOCs may poison aquatic plants by lowering the photosynthesis and growth through altering related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Haozhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Mengdan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Ning Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Tiefeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Chenyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Zhaojiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang C, Jiang M, Zhou G. Bio-effects of bio-based and fossil-based microplastics: Case study with lettuce-soil system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119395. [PMID: 35525514 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bio-based plastics have been developed as alternative materials to solve the energy crisis brought by plastic production, but their impacts on soil ecosystems (e.g. plant and microorganisms) remain largely unknown. Here, we conducted study on the impacts of polyethylene 2,5-furan-dicarboxylate (PEF), a new bio-based plastic, on the plant-soil ecosystem, with comparison of fossil-based plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Our investigation showed that, after 21 days exposure to microplastics (MPs) at doses of 0.5%, 1% and 2%, both PEF and PET MPs inhibited the growth of lettuce, where chlorophyll was found to be the most sensitive index. According to the comprehensive stress resistance indicators, PET MPs showed more severe phytotoxicity than PEF MPs. Although both PEF and PET MPs could inhibit soil enzyme activities, PET MPs exhibited significantly reduction on the diversity of rhizosphere soil bacterial community and changed the relative abundance of dominant species. Our study gave insights into the effects of PEF and PET MPs on the plant-soil system, where bio-based PEF MPs showed more friendly interaction with plant and soil than fossil-based PET MPs. Our results provided scientific data for risk assessment and useful information for the prospective application of bio-based plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guangyuan Zhou
- Division of Energy Materials (DNL 22), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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Li XQ, Hua ZL, Zhang JY, Gu L. Ecotoxicological responses and removal of submerged macrophyte Hydrilla verticillate to multiple perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) pollutants in aquatic environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153919. [PMID: 35189236 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous existence of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in aquatic environments might pose toxic potential to ecosystems. To assess the ecotoxicological responses and removal of submerged macrophyte to multiple PFAA pollutants in aquatic environments, a typical submerged macrophyte, Hydrilla verticillate, was exposed to solutions with 12 typical PFAAs in the present study. The results showed that PFAAs at concentrations higher than 10 μg/L had significantly passive effects on biomass, relative growth rates, chlorophyll contents, and chlorophyll autofluorescence. PFAAs could induce the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation in H. verticillate. Significant upregulation of CAT was observed in treatments with more than 10 μg/L PFAAs (p < 0.05). The results also showed that 13.53-20.01% and 19.73-37.72% of PFAAs could be removed in treatments without plants and with H. verticillate, respectively. The removal rates of PFAAs were significantly correlated with perfluoroalkyl chain length in treatments with H. verticillate. The removal of PFAAs was suggested to be related to the uptake of plant tissues and biosorption of microbiota. Furthermore, the dominant microbiota and biomarkers were identified in water and biofilm. Betaproteobacteriales was the most dominant microbiota at the order level. The presence of PFAAs could significantly increase the relative abundance of Micrococcales, Verrucomicrobiales, Rhizobiales, Sphingomonadales, Roseomonas, Cyanobium_PCC_6307, and Synechococcales. Our results provide scientific basis for evaluating the ecotoxicological responses and removal of submerged macrophytes in response to multiple PFAA pollutants at environmentally relevant levels, thereby providing insights into PFAA management and removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Jiangsu 210098, PR China.
| | - Zu-Lin Hua
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Jiangsu 210098, PR China.
| | - Jian-Yun Zhang
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Jiangsu 210098, PR China.
| | - Li Gu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Jiangsu 210098, PR China.
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Zheng X, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Li Y, Liu X, Wang X, Fan Z. Growth inhibition, toxin production and oxidative stress caused by three microplastics in Microcystis aeruginosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111575. [PMID: 33396101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have aroused widespread concern due to their extensive distribution in aquatic environments and adverse effects on aquatic organisms. However, the underlying toxicity of different kinds of MPs on freshwater microalgae has not been examined in detail. In this study, we investigated the effects of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE) MPs on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa, as well as on its toxin production and oxidative stress. We found that all three kinds of MPs had an obvious inhibition effect on the growth of M. aeruginosa. Considering the results of antioxidant-related indicators, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and cell membrane integrity were greatly affected with exposure to PVC, PS and PE MPs. Moreover, the content of intracellular (intra-) and extracellular (extra-) microcystins (MCs) had a noticeable increase due to the presence of PVC, PS, and PE MPs. Finally, according to the comprehensive stress resistance indicators, the resistance of M. aeruginosa to three MPs followed the order: PE (3.701)> PS (3.607)> PVC (2.901). Our results provide insights into the effects of different kinds of MPs on freshwater algae and provide valuable data for risk assessment of different types of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weizhen Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanyao Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xianglin Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangrong Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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