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Qin L, Yang L, Shiraiwa M, Faiola F, Yang Y, Liu S, Liu G, Zheng M, Jiang G. Formation of persistent free radicals from epigallocatechin Gallate in tea processing and their implications on DNA damage and cell cytotoxicity. Food Chem 2024; 458:140241. [PMID: 38944926 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Tea is widely consumed in both beverages and food. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most crucial active ingredient in tea. Currently, knowledges on transformation processes of EGCG during tea processing are lacking. Understanding the chemical reactions of EGCG and its products during tea processing is important for assessing the safety of tea-containing food. Here, we revealed the formation of persistent free radicals (PFRs) from EGCG under the influence of heating and light irradiation, which was substantiated with evidence. These PFRs exhibited stability for >30 min in simulated gastric fluid. Furthermore, we observed potential effects of these PFRs on DNA damage and cell cytotoxicity in vitro. By combining electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, we elucidated the pathways involved in free radical formation. These findings are expected to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of free radical chemistry in tea-containing food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lili Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Manabu Shiraiwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, 92697, USA
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yujue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Minghui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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2
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Alam R, Naznin M, Ardiati FC, Nurfajrin Solihat N, Heris Anita S, Purnomo D, Heri Yuli Yanto D, Kim S. Targeted and Non-Targeted Identification of Dye and Chemical Contaminants in Loji River, Indonesia Using FT-ICR-MS. CHEMOSPHERE 2024:143324. [PMID: 39278327 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
This study utilized liquid chromatography (LC) alongside Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) to explore the dyes and chemical contaminants in Loji River, Indonesia. We tentatively identified a total of 655 contaminants at various confidence level, subsequently classifying them into 22 distinct categories. Of the 54 dyes we detected, 12 corresponded with entries in our specialized in-house database. These 12 dyes were further confirmed by reference standards, matching both retention time (RT) and MS/MS spectra. LC-FT-ICR MS data showed that dyes from printing batik and textile industries are key contributors to river pollution. Particularly noteworthy were two sample locations that displayed substantial contamination, predominantly from azoic and reactive dyes. Additionally, pharmaceuticals were identified as one of the most frequently occurring contaminants, underscoring the inadequacies in the area's sewage management. To corroborate these findings, we conducted physicochemical, phytotoxicity, and acute toxicity tests, all of which verified the harmful effects of the Loji River's water on both the local flora and human populations. Notably, water samples that tested positive for dye contamination exhibited elevated toxicity levels. To the best of our knowledge, this study is pioneering in its molecular-level investigation of dye contamination in Southeast Asian rivers. Our results accentuate the pressing need for both targeted and non-targeted screening methods to identify contaminants in the surface waters of developing nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiqul Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Marufa Naznin
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Fenny Clara Ardiati
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Sita Heris Anita
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Deni Purnomo
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor 16911, Indonesia
| | - Dede Heri Yuli Yanto
- Research Center for Applied Microbiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor 16911, Indonesia; Research Collaboration Center for Marine Biomaterials, Jatinangor 45360, Indonesia.
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Mass Spectrometry Converging Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Liu Y, Zhu G, Yu Z, Li C, Lin B, Liu G, Jin R, Zheng M. Priority Organic Pollutant Monitoring Inventory and Relative Risk Reduction Potential for Solid Waste Incineration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39264101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c06169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Incineration is a promising sustainable treatment method for solid waste. However, the ongoing revelation of new toxic pollutants in this process has become a controversial issue impeding its development. Thus, identifying and regulating high-risk pollutants emerge as pivotal strides toward reconciling this debate. In this study, we proposed a workflow aimed at establishing priority monitoring inventories for organic compounds emitted by industries involving full-component structural recognition, environmental behavior prediction, and emission risk assessment, specifically focusing on solid waste incineration (SWI). A total of 174 stack gas samples from 29 incinerators were first collected. Nontarget full organic recognition technology was then deployed to analyze these samples, and 646 organic compounds were identified. The characteristics, i.e., toxicity effects, toxicity concentrations, persistence, and bioaccumulation potential, of these compounds were assessed and ranked based on the TOXCAST database from the US Environmental Protection Agency and structural effect models. Combined with consideration of changes in seasons and waste types, a priority control inventory consisting of 28 organic pollutants was finally proposed. The risks associated with SWI across different regions in China and various countries were assessed, and results pinpointed that by controlling the priority pollutants, the average global emission risk attributed to SWI was anticipated to be reduced by 71.4%. These findings offer significant guidance for decision-making in industrial pollutant management, emphasizing the importance of targeted regulation and monitoring to enhance the sustainability and safety of incineration processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guohua Zhu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Zhefu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Changliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bingcheng Lin
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Guorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rong Jin
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Minghui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
- College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Zhang Y, Meng J, Su G, Li Q, Sun B, Gu Y, Shi B. Recognition of screening out hierarchical toxic contaminants tuned by quantified pseudo-components from complex engineering co-combustion. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135029. [PMID: 38959830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Co-combustion of industrial and municipal solid wastes has emerged as the most promising disposal technology, yet its effect on unknown contaminants generation remains rarely revealed due to waste complexity. Hence, six batches of large-scale engineering experiments were designed in an incinerator of 650 t/d, which overcame the inauthenticity and deviation of laboratory tests. 953-1772 non-targeted compounds were screened in fly ash. Targeting the impact of co-combustion, a pseudo-component matrix model was innovatively integrated to quantitatively extract nine components from complex wastes grouped into biomass and plastic. Thus, the influence was evaluated across eight dimensions, covering molecular characteristics and toxicity. The effect of co-combustion with biomass pseudo-components was insignificant. However, co-combustion with high ratios of plastic pseudo-components induced higher potential risks, significantly promoting the formation of unsaturated hydrocarbons, highly unsaturated compounds (DBE≥15), and cyclic compounds by 19 %- 49 %, 17 %- 31 %, and 7 %- 27 %, respectively. Especially, blending with high ratios of PET plastic pseudo-components produced more species of contaminants. Unique 2 Level I toxicants, bromomethyl benzene and benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde, as well as 4 Level II toxicants, were locked, receiving no concern in previous combustion. The results highlighted risks during high proportion plastics co-combustion, which can help pollution reduction by tuning source wastes to enable healthy co-combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guijin Su
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qianqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bohua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yangyang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Gigault J, Guilmette C, Cai H, Carrier-Belleau C, Le Bagousse M, Luthi-Maire A, Gibaud M, Decaulne A, Alam M, Baalousha M. Waste Combustion Releases Anthropogenic Nanomaterials in Indigenous Arctic Communities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39140835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c02598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Arctic autochthonous communities and the environment face unprecedented challenges due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. One less-explored aspect of these challenges is the release and distribution of anthropogenic nanomaterials in autochthonous communities. This study pioneers a comprehensive investigation into the nature and dispersion of anthropogenic nanomaterials within Arctic Autochthonous communities, originating from their traditional waste-burning practices. Employing advanced nanoanalytical tools, we unraveled the nature and prevalence of nanomaterials, including metal oxides (TiO2, PbO), alloys (SnPb, SbPb, SnAg, SnCu, SnZn), chromated copper arsenate-related nanomaterials (CuCrO2, CuCr2O4), and nanoplastics (polystyrene and polypropylene) in snow and sediment near waste burning sites. This groundbreaking study illuminates the unintended consequences of waste burning in remote Arctic areas, stressing the urgent need for interdisciplinary research, community engagement, and sustainable waste management. These measures are crucial to safeguard the fragile Arctic ecosystem and the health of autochthonous communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gigault
- Takuvik Laboratory, IRL3376 CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, G1 V 0A6, Quebec City, Quebec Canada
| | - Caroline Guilmette
- Takuvik Laboratory, IRL3376 CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, G1 V 0A6, Quebec City, Quebec Canada
| | - Huiwen Cai
- Takuvik Laboratory, IRL3376 CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, G1 V 0A6, Quebec City, Quebec Canada
| | - Charlotte Carrier-Belleau
- Takuvik Laboratory, IRL3376 CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, G1 V 0A6, Quebec City, Quebec Canada
| | - Marie Le Bagousse
- Takuvik Laboratory, IRL3376 CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, G1 V 0A6, Quebec City, Quebec Canada
| | - Adèle Luthi-Maire
- Takuvik Laboratory, IRL3376 CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, G1 V 0A6, Quebec City, Quebec Canada
| | - Manon Gibaud
- Takuvik Laboratory, IRL3376 CNRS-Université Laval, 1045 avenue de la Médecine, G1 V 0A6, Quebec City, Quebec Canada
| | - Armelle Decaulne
- LETG Nantes, UMR6554 CNRS-Université Nantes, Institut de géographie et d'aménagement de Nantes Université Campus du Tertre BP 81227, 44312 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Mahbub Alam
- South Carolina University, Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mohammed Baalousha
- South Carolina University, Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, 921 Assembly Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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6
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Silva KJ, Wyss KM, Teng CH, Cheng Y, Eddy LJ, Tour JM. Graphene Derived from Municipal Solid Waste. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311021. [PMID: 38813711 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Landfilling is long the most common method of disposal for municipal solid waste (MSW). However, many countries seek to implement different methods of MSW treatment due to the high global warming potential associated with landfilling. Other methods such as recycling and incineration are either limited to only a fraction of generated MSW or still produce large greenhouse gas emissions, thereby providing an unsustainable disposal method. Here, the production of graphene from treated MSW is reported that including treated wood waste, using flash Joule heating. Results indicated a 71%-83% reduction in global warming potential compared to traditional disposal methods at a net cost of -$282 of MSW, presuming the graphene is sold at just 5% of its current market value to offset the cost of the flash Joule heating process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla J Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Kevin M Wyss
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Carolyn H Teng
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lucas J Eddy
- Department of Physics, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Physics, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Smalley-Curl Institute, Nanocarbon Center and the Rice Advanced Materials Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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Altamirano JC, Yin S, Belova L, Poma G, Covaci A. Exploring the hidden chemical landscape: Non-target and suspect screening analysis for investigating solid waste-associated environments. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118006. [PMID: 38154568 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Solid waste is an inevitable consequence of urbanization. It can be safely managed in municipal landfills and processing plants for volume reduction or material reuse, including organic solid waste. However, solid waste can also be discarded in (un-)authorized dumping sites or inadvertently released into the environment. Legacy and emerging contaminants have the potential to leach from solid waste, making it a significant pathway to the environment. Non-target screening (NTS) and suspect screening analysis (SSA) have become helpful tools in environmental science for the simultaneous analysis of a wide range of chemical compounds. However, the application of these analytical approaches to environmental samples related to Raw or Processed Solid Waste (RPSW) has been largely neglected so far. This perspective review examines the potential and policy relevance of NTS and SSA applied to waste-related samples (liquid, gaseous and solid). It addresses the hurdles associated with the chemical safety of solid waste accumulation, processing, and reuse, and the need for landfill traceability, as well as effectiveness of leachate treatments. We reviewed the current applications of NTS and SSA to environmental samples of RPSW, as well as the potential adaptation of NTS and SSA techniques from related fields, such as oilfield and metabolomics, to the solid waste domain. Despite the ongoing technical challenges, this review highlights the significant potential for the implementation of NTS and SSA approaches in solid waste management and related scientific fields and provides support and guidance to the regulatory authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorgelina Cecilia Altamirano
- Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), CONICET-UNCuyo-Government of Mendoza, P.O. Box. 331, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Padre Jorge Contreras 1300, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina; Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium; Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Lidia Belova
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
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He Y, Liu W, Gao L, Ren Z, Hussain J, Jia T, Mao T, Deng J, Xu X, Yin F. Occurrence and Formation Mechanism of PCDD/Fs and SCCPs in Chlorinated Paraffin Products. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17522-17533. [PMID: 37905521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) can be formed during the production of chlorinated paraffins (CPs). Detection and accurate quantification of PCDD/Fs in CPs are challenging because of their matrix complexity. Therefore, the occurrence and formation mechanisms of PCDD/Fs from CPs have not been studied extensively in the past. In this study, 15 commercial samples including solid and liquid CPs were collected in 2022 from China. The average ΣSCCP concentrations detected in the solid and liquid CPs were 158 and 137 mg/g, respectively. The average International Toxic Equivalent (I-TEQ) values of 2,3,7,8-PCDD/F in solid and liquid CPs were 15.8 pg I-TEQ/g and 15.0 pg I-TEQ/g, respectively. The solid and liquid CPs had different predominant congener groups for SCCPs and PCDD/Fs. Possible formation routes for the generation of PCDD/Fs were analyzed by screening precursors in paraffin and laboratory-scale thermochemical experiments of CPs. The transformation between 2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs and non-2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs was recognized by calculating the successive chlorination preference. The first reported occurrence of PCDD/Fs in CP commercial products indicated that exposure to CPs and downstream products might be an assignable source of PCDD/F emission, which is of great significance to further explore the control factors of PCDD/Fs in the whole life cycle of CPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchen He
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101314, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101314, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101314, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ren
- Foreign Environmental Cooperation Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Javid Hussain
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101314, China
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87100, Pakistan
| | - Tianqi Jia
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101314, China
| | - Tianao Mao
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101314, China
| | - Jinglin Deng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101314, China
| | - Xiaotian Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101314, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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9
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Wu Y, Ji H, Li C, Hou Z, Huang C, Chen L, Wang Y, Fu C, Zhang D, Wu Z, Qiu Y. Molecular size-dependent compositions and lead (II) binding behaviors of two origins of organic fertilizers-derived dissolved organic matter. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 258:114959. [PMID: 37121079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The application of organic fertilizers caused large amounts of dissolved organic matter (DOM) entering the soil environment and influencing the behaviors and fates of heavy metals. Here, we investigated the molecular weight-dependent (high molecular weight [HMW], 1 kDa-0.7 µm; low molecular weight [LMW], <1 kDa) compositions and lead (Pb) binding behaviors of DOM derived from sheep manure-based (SMOF) and shrimp peptide-based organic fertilizers (SPOF) using chromophoric and fluorescent spectroscopy, Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS). Results showed that SMOF released more DOM with higher aromaticity and hydrophobicity, containing more fluvic-like components, carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAMs) and lignin phenolic compounds compared to SPOF-DOM with more microbially-transformed heteroatom-containing compounds (CHON, CHONS and CHOS). Furthermore, there was more aromatic compounds with ample carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in HMW-DOM but abundant protein-like components and heteroatom-containing compounds (CHONS and CHOS) in LMW-DOM. SMOF-DOM exhibited more obvious MW-dependent heterogeneity in molecular components compared to SPOF-DOM with higher molecular diversity. Moreover, 2D-COS indicated phenol and carboxyl groups in SMOF-DOM and polysaccharides in SPOF-DOM exhibited superior binding affinities for Pb. Pb binding to HMW-DOM derived from SMOF first occurred in the phenolic groups in fulvic-like substances, while polysaccharides in LMW-DOM first participated in the binding of Pb. In contrast, irrespective of MWs, polysaccharides and humic-like substances with aromatic (CC) groups in SPOF-DOM displayed a faster response to Pb. Furthermore, the polysaccharides which preferentially participated in the binding of Pb to SPOF-DOM and SMOF-derived LMW-DOM may pose a higher risk of Pb in the environment. These results were helpful to understand the effects of sources and size-dependent compositions of DOM on the associated risks of heavy metals in the environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Wu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hengkuan Ji
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Caisheng Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhengwei Hou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Liming Chen
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Soil, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation of Hainan Province, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Chuanliang Fu
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Soil, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation of Hainan Province, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Soil, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation of Hainan Province, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Yong Qiu
- College of Oceanology and Food Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China.
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10
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Jia T, Gao L, Liu W, Guo B, He Y, Xu X, Mao T, Deng J, Li D, Tao F, Wang W. Screening of organophosphate esters in different indoor environments: Distribution, diffusion, and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121576. [PMID: 37028786 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
of air conditioner (AC) filter dust can reveal the level of organophosphate ester (OPE) pollution in indoor environments, but comprehensive research on this topic remains lacking. This study combined non-targeted and targeted analysis to screen and analyze 101 samples of AC filter dust, settled dust, and air obtained in 6 indoor environments. Phosphorus-containing organic compounds account for a large proportion of the organic compounds found in indoor environments, and OPEs might be the main pollutants. Using toxicity data and traditional priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for toxicity prediction of OPEs, 11 OPEs were prioritized for further quantitative analysis. The concentration of OPEs in AC filter dust was highest, followed in descending order by that in settled dust and that in air. The concentration of OPEs in AC filter dust in the residence was two to seven times greater than that in the other indoor environments. More than 56% of the OPEs in AC filter dust showed significant correlation, while those in settled dust and air were weakly correlated, suggesting that large amounts of OPEs collected over long periods could have a common source. Fugacity results showed that OPEs were transferred easily from dust to air, and that dust was the main source of OPEs. The values of both the carcinogenic risk and the hazard index were lower than the corresponding theoretical risk thresholds, indicating low risk to residents through exposure to OPEs in indoor environments. However, it is necessary to remove AC filter dust in a timely manner to prevent it becoming a pollution sink of OPEs that could be rereleased and endanger human health. This study has important implications for comprehensive understanding of the distribution, toxicity, sources, and risks of OPEs in indoor environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Jia
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
| | - Bobo Guo
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yunchen He
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaotian Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Tianao Mao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Jinglin Deng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Da Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Fang Tao
- China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Agilent Technologies (China) Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100102, China
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11
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Wei J, Li H, Liu J. Curbing dioxin emissions from municipal solid waste incineration: China's action and global share. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 435:129076. [PMID: 35650750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
China generates the world's second-largest amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) and incinerates the largest quantity of MSW. However, data on the latest dioxin emissions from MSW incineration (MSWI) and the related global share were lacking. In the context of MSW classification, distinguishing the long-term MSW generation and incineration quantity, and dioxin emissions was necessary for macro-control and policy-making by the Chinese Government. By considering population size and GDP per capita, China's MSW generation toward 2050 was projected based on Monte Carlo simulation. Moreover, dioxin emission factors were also assumed based on the diffusion rate of four grades of air pollution control devices (APCDs). Finally, we show that the quantity of China's MSW generation in 2050 will be 363.50 million tonnes (Mt) with 341.06-382.45 Mt of 75% certainty. China's dioxin emissions from MSWI were approximately 15.46 g I-TEQ in 2019, which accounted for 26.1% of total emissions from global MSWI. We discuss dioxin emission reduction scenarios depending on MSW diversion and APCD upgrades. China's dioxin emissions will be 70.38 g I-TEQ for the business-as-usual scenario, and the dioxin emissions will be 9.29 g I-TEQ (within the range of 8.88-9.64 g I-TEQ) for the optimal scenario in 2050. Moreover, in 2050, the APCD diffusion rate will account for 98.8% of the sensitivity of dioxin emissions from China's MSWI. According to the assumed scenarios, there is a dioxin emission reduction potential of 18.6% and 86.8% in 2050 by MSW diversion alone and maximum APCD upgrades combined with food waste diversion, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiao Wei
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huan Li
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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