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Hou R, Wu H, Du P, Li S, Liu J, Chang J, Huang S, Cheng D, Zhang P, Zhang Z. Ecological risk assessment of castor oil based waterborne polyurethane: Mechanism of anionic/cationic state selective toxicity to Eisenia fetida. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 478:135553. [PMID: 39173386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Cationic and anionic castor oil-based waterborne polyurethanes (C-WPU/A and C-WPU/C) have great potential for development in agriculture. However, it is still unclear whether these polyurethanes are harmful or toxic to soil fauna. Based on multilevel toxicity endpoints and transcriptomics, we investigated the effects of C-WPU/A and C-WPU/C on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). The acute toxicity results showed that C-WPU/A was highly toxic to the earthworms, whereas C-WPU/C was nearly nontoxic. C-WPU/A significantly affected the body weight, burrowing ability and cocoon production rate of earthworms compared to C-WPU/C. After exposure to C-WPU/A, the results showed accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), abnormal peroxidase activity, and increased malondialdehyde levels. Additionally, more serious histopathological damage was observed in earthworms, such as epidermal damage, vacuolization, longitudinal muscle disorganization, and shedding of intestinal epidermal cells. At the cellular level, C-WPU/A induced more severe lysosomal damage, DNA damage and apoptosis than C-WPU/A. C-WPU/A made more differentially expressed genes and considerably more enriched pathways at the transcriptional level than C-WPU/C. These pathways are largely involved in cell membrane signaling, detoxification, and apoptosis. These results provide an important reference for elucidating the selective toxicity mechanisms of C-WPU/A and C-WPU/C in earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiquan Hou
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Pengrui Du
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinzhe Chang
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Suqing Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Dongmei Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China.
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Wu Y, Wang Y, Tong Z, Xie W, Wang A, Song C, Yao W, Wang J. Pyraclostrobin induces developmental toxicity and cardiotoxicity through oxidative stress and inflammation in zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124490. [PMID: 38960114 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Pyraclostrobin, a typical representative of strobilurin fungicides, is extensively used in agriculture to control fungi and is often detected in water bodies and food. However, the comprehensive toxicological molecular mechanism of pyraclostrobin requires further study. To assess the toxic effects and underlying mechanisms of pyraclostrobin on aquatic organisms, zebrafish embryos were exposed to pyraclostrobin (20, 40, and 60 μg/L) until 96 h post fertilization (hpf). These results indicated that exposure to pyraclostrobin induces morphological alterations, including spinal curvature, shortened body length, and smaller eyes. Furthermore, heart developmental malformations, such as pericardial edema and bradycardia, were observed. This indicated severe cardiotoxicity induced by pyraclostrobin in zebrafish embryos, which was confirmed by the dysregulation of genes related to heart development. Besides, our findings also demonstrated that pyraclostrobin enhanced the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), up-regulated catalase (CAT) activity, but inhibited superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Subsequently, the NF-κb signaling pathway was further studied, and the results indicated that the up-regulation of tnf-α, tlr-4, and myd88 activated the NF-κb signaling pathway and up-regulated the relative expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as cc-chemokine, ifn-γ, and cxcl-clc. Collectively, this study revealed that pyraclostrobin exposure induces developmental toxicity and cardiotoxicity, which may result from a combination of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. These findings provide a basis for continued evaluation of the effects and ecological risks of pyraclostrobin on the early development of aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, The Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, The Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, The Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihong Xie
- Hangzhou Criminal Science and Technology Institute, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anli Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chian Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, The Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weixuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, The Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, The Department of Criminal Science and Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China.
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Yang L, Chen H, Kaziem AE, Miao X, Huang S, Cheng D, Xu H, Zhang Z. Effects of Exposure to Different Types of Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticles on the Gut Microbiota and Liver Metabolism of Adult Zebrafish. ACS NANO 2024; 18:25425-25445. [PMID: 39215720 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework nanoparticles (MOF NPs) have received much attention for their potential use in nanopesticides. However, little is known about the potential health and environmental risks associated with these materials. In this study, the toxicological responses of zebrafish exposed to five MOF NPs for short and long periods of time were evaluated. The acute toxicity results showed that the toxicity of the five MOF NPs to zebrafish embryos and adult zebrafish was in the order of Cu-MOF > ZIF-90 > ZIF-8 > Fe-MOF > Zr-MOF. Histopathological analysis revealed that ZIF-8, ZIF-90, and Cu-MOF NPs caused liver swelling and vacuolization in zebrafish. The cellular ultrastructure showed that ZIF-8, ZIF-90, and Cu-MOF NPs severely damaged the mitochondrial structure in intestinal epithelial cells and liver cells. The 16S rDNA sequencing data showed that all five MOF NPs significantly altered the dominant microorganisms in the zebrafish intestine. The microbial markers of intestinal inflammation, Proteobacteria (Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, and Legionella), were significantly increased in the Fe-MOF, ZIF-8, Zr-MOF, and Cu-MOF treatment groups. Metabolomics results indicated that the levels of inflammatory promoting factors (Leukotriene E4, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid) in arachidonic acid metabolism were decreased, and the levels of inflammatory suppressing factors (8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid) were increased. Metabolites related to oxidative stress, such as glutamine, pyridoxamine, and l-glutamic acid in vitamin B6 metabolism and other signaling pathways, were significantly reduced. Overall, these results suggest that the different MOF NPs had widely varying toxicity to zebrafish, and further attention should be paid to the toxicity of MOF NPs in the real environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liupeng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huiya Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Amir E Kaziem
- Department of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Xiaoran Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Suqing Huang
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Dongmei Cheng
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - HanHong Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Biological Pesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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4
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Liu X, Jia F, Lv L, Mao L, Chu T, Wang Y. Joint toxic mechanism of clothianidin and prochloraz in the earthworm (Eisenia fetida). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142250. [PMID: 38710415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are typically present as combinations within soil ecosystems and have detrimental effects on untamed surroundings. However, the collective impacts and fundamental mechanisms of pesticides on soil living beings are currently inadequately assessed. In our current work, we evaluated the interactive consequences of clothianidin (CLO) and prochloraz (PRO) on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) using several toxicological tests, such as acute adverse effects, biocatalytic activity, and alterations in transcriptional activity. The findings revealed that CLO (with a 14-day LC50 value of 6.08 mg kg-1) exhibited greater toxicity compared to PRO (with a 14-day LC50 value of 79.41 mg kg-1). Moreover, the combinations of CLO and PRO had synergistic acute effects on E. fetida. Additionally, the activities of POD, CAT, and GST were significantly varied in most instances of single and mixed treatments when compared to the control. Surprisingly, the transcriptional levels of four genes (gst, sod, crt, and ann), related to oxidative load, metabolic detoxification systems, endoplasmic reticulum, and oxytocin neuropeptide, respectively, were also altered in response to single and mixture exposures, as compared to the control. Alterations in enzyme activity and gene transcriptional level could serve as early indicators for detecting co-exposure to pesticides. The findings of this research offered valuable holistic understanding regarding the toxicity of pesticide combinations on earthworms. Further research should be conducted to investigate the persistent effects of pesticide mixtures on terrestrial invertebrates in order to draw definitive conclusions about the associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinju Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangzhao Jia
- Zunyi City Company Suiyang Branch, Guizhou Province Tobacco Company, Suiyang, 563300, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangang Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tianfen Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Guo Z, Wang M, Pan Y, Lu H, Pan S. Ecological assessment of stream water polluted by phosphorus chemical plant: Physiological, biochemical, and molecular effects on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118173. [PMID: 38224935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The rapid development of the phosphorus chemical industry has caused serious pollution problems in the regional eco-environment. However, understanding of their ecotoxic effects remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the developmental toxicity of a stream polluted by a phosphorus chemical plant (PCP) on zebrafish embryos. For this, zebrafish embryos were exposed to stream water (0, 25, 50, and 100% v/v) for 96 h, and developmental toxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage were assessed. Stream water-treated embryos exhibited decreased hatching rates, heart rates, and body lengths, as well as increased mortality and malformation rates. The general morphology score system indicated that the swim bladder and pigmentation were the main abnormal morphological endpoints. Stream water promoted antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage. It also triggered apoptosis in the embryos' heads, hearts, and spines by activating apoptotic enzymes (Caspase-3 and Caspase-9). Additionally, stream water influenced growth, oxidative stress, and apoptosis-related 19 gene expression. Notably, tyr, sod (Mn), and caspase9 were the most sensitive indicators of growth, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, respectively. The current trial concluded that PCP-polluted stream water exhibited significant developmental toxicity to zebrafish embryos, which was regulated by the oxidative stress-mediated activation of endogenous apoptotic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Guo
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China.
| | - Min Wang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China.
| | - Yuwei Pan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Hongliang Lu
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China.
| | - Sha Pan
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China.
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6
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Li D, Zhang J, Liu X, Wang X, Li B, Du Z, Juhasz A, Wang J, Wang J, Zhu L. Are PFBS, PFHxS, and 6:2FTSA more friendly to the soil environment compared to PFOS? A new insight based on ecotoxicity study in soil invertebrates (Eisenia fetida). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166689. [PMID: 37652386 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
As alternatives to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with shorter carbon chains or lower proportion of fluorine atoms, perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2FTSA) have been detected in various environmental media. However, it is unclear whether the toxicity of these alternatives is lower than that of PFOS. Therefore, this study investigated the toxicity and differences in PFBS, PFHxS, 6:2FTSA, and PFOS (0.2 mg/kg) after 56 d of exposure using the common invertebrate Eisenia fetida in soil as the test organism. The results showed that although PFOS, PFBS, PFHxS, and 6:2FTSA induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in earthworms and led to developmental and reproductive toxicity in terms of comprehensive toxicity, PFHxS > PFOS > PFBS >6:2FTSA. To reveal the mechanisms underlying the differences in toxicity between the alternatives and PFOS, we conducted molecular docking and transcriptomic analyses. The results indicated that, unlike PFOS, PFBS, and PFHxS, 6:2FTSA did not cause significant changes in antioxidant enzyme activity at the molecular level. Furthermore, PFOS exposure caused disorder in the nervous and metabolic systems of earthworms, and PFHxS disrupted energy balance and triggered inflammatory responses, which may be important reasons for the higher toxicity of these compounds. In contrast, exposure to 6:2FTSA did not result in adverse transcriptomic effects, suggesting that 6:2FTSA exerted the least molecular-scale toxicity in earthworms. The results of this study provide new insights into the environmental safety of using PFBS, PFHxS, and 6:2FTSA as alternatives to PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengtan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Xiaole Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Albert Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, China.
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Yao M, Qian J, Chen X, Liu J, Yang X, Gao P, Zhang C. Butyl benzyl phthalate exposure impact on the gut health of Metaphire guillelmi. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:443-451. [PMID: 37801871 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural films are extensively utilized in high-intensity agriculture, with China's annual usage reaching 1.5 million tons. Unfortunately, the recovery rate is less than 60%, leading to an inevitable accumulation of plastic mulch in agricultural soils. This accumulation primarily introduces butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) into soil ecosystems, whose specific effects remain largely unclear, thereby posing potential risks. The present study focuses on the exposure impact of BBP on earthworms, Metaphire guillelmi, a commonly found endogenic earthworm within real farmland, as it provides insight into the direct interaction between biota gut health and contaminants. Specifically, we studied the biomarkers related to oxidative stress, the digestive system, and neurotoxicity within the gut of Metaphire guillelmi, and the integrated biological response (IBR) index was utilized to track these markers at different timeframes after BBP exposures. Our findings indicate that BBP exposures lead to oxidative damage, digestive system inhibition, and neurotoxicity, with IBR indexes of 14.6 and 17.3 on the 14th and 28th days, respectively. Further, the underlying mechanisms at a molecular level through molecular docking were investigated. The results showed that the most unstable interaction was with the Na+K+-ATPase (binding energy: -2.25 kcal-1), while BBP displayed stable bonds with superoxide dismutase and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine via hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interaction. These interactions resulted in changes in protein conformation and their normal physiological functions, offering new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying enzymatic activity changes. This study has significant implications for the prediction of toxicity, environmental risk assessment, and the establishment of regulations related to BBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Yao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jingran Qian
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoni Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jilong Liu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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8
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He F, Qi T, Guo S, Wang H, Zhang Z, Liu R, Zong W. Mechanistic insights into pyridine exposure induced toxicity in model Eisenia fetida species: Evidence from whole-animal, cellular, and molecular-based perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139139. [PMID: 37285977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyridine and its derivatives are widely used in many applications and inevitably cause extreme scenarios of serious soil contamination, which pose a threat to soil organisms. Still, the eco-toxicological effects and underlying mechanisms of pyridine-caused toxicity toward soil fauna have not been well established. Thus, earthworms (Eisenia fetida), coelomocytes, and oxidative stress-related proteins were selected as targeted receptors to probe the ecotoxicity mechanism of extreme pyridine soil exposure targeted to earthworms by using a combination of in vivo animal experiments, cell-based in vitro tests, in vitro functional and conformational analyses, and in silico analyses. The results showed that pyridine caused severe toxicity to E. fetida at extreme environmental concentrations. Exposure of pyridine induced excessive ROS formation in earthworms, causing oxidative stress and various deleterious effects, including lipid damage, DNA injury, histopathological change, and decreased defense capacity. Also, pyridine destroyed the cell membrane of earthworm coelomic cells and triggered a significant cytotoxicity. Importantly, the intracellular ROS (e.g., O2-, H2O2, and OH·-) was release-activated, which eventually inducing oxidative stress effects (lipid peroxidation, inhibited defense capacity, and genotoxicity) through the ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, the antioxidant defence mechanisms in coelomocytes responded quickly to reduce ROS-mediated oxidative injury. It was conformed that the abnormal expression of targeted genes associated with oxidative stress in coelomic cells was activated after pyridine exposure. Particularly, we found that the normal conformation (particle sizes, intrinsic fluorescence, and polypeptide backbone structure) of CAT/SOD was destroyed by the direct binding of pyridine. Furthermore, pyridine bound easily to the active center of CAT, but preferentially to the junction cavity of two subunits of SOD, which is considered to be a reason for impaired protein function in cells and in vitro. Based on these evidences, the ecotoxicity mechanisms of pyridine toward soil fauna are elucidated based on multi-level evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falin He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Tianyu Qi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Shuqi Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong Province, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, PR China.
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88# East Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, PR China
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9
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Zhang J, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Du Z, Li B, Wang J, Wang J, Zhu L. Analysis of the toxic mechanisms of fluoxastrobin on the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) using transcriptomics. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138449. [PMID: 36940828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxastrobin (FLUO), one of the best-selling strobilurin fungicides, could prevent fungal diseases from oilseed crops, fruits, grains, and vegetables. The widespread use of FLUO leads to the continuous accumulation of FLUO in soil. Our previous studies have demonstrated that FLUO exhibited different toxicity in artificial soil and three natural soils (fluvo-aquic soils, black soils, and red clay). The toxicity of FLUO was greater in natural soil than the artificial soil, specifically, showed the highest toxicity in fluvo-aquic soils. To better investigate the mechanism of FLUO toxicity to earthworms (Eisenia fetida), we selected fluvo-aquic soils as representative soil and used transcriptomics to study the gene expression in earthworms after FLUO exposure. The results demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes in earthworms after FLUO exposure mainly presented in pathways involving protein folding, immunity, signal transduction, and cell growth. It may be the reason why FLUO exposure stressed the earthworms and affected their normal growth activities. The present study fills gaps in the literature regarding the soil bio-toxicity of strobilurin fungicides. It also sounds the alarm for the application of such fungicides even at the low concentration (0.1 mg kg-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China; Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, 363123, China
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
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10
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Wu R, Liu H, Lu C, Hou K, Wang X, Wang J, Du Z, Li B, Zhu L, Wang J. The effect of TiO 2NPs on cloransulam-methyl toxicity to earthworm (Eisenia fetida). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 322:138242. [PMID: 36841449 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cloransulam-methyl is a new herbicide and has broad application prospect. However, the effect of cloransulam-methyl on earthworm have yet to be clarified. As more and more titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) enter the soil, cloransulam-methyl and TiO2NPs have a risk of co-exposure, but the effect of TiO2NPs on cloransulam-methyl toxicity is unknown. In the study, the ecotoxicity of cloransulam-methyl (0.1, 1 mg kg-1) on earthworm and the effect of TiO2NPs (10 mg kg-1) on cloransulam-methyl toxicity was investigated after exposure for 28 and 56 d. Exposure tests showed cloransulam-methyl and cloransulam-methyl + TiO2NPs promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, resulted in lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Besides, the results at the genetic level showed cloransulam-methyl and cloransulam-methyl + TiO2NPs altered the expression of physiologically-related genes, which demonstrated that cloransulam-methyl and cloransulam-methyl + TiO2NPs induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis, and disturbed the normal reproduction in earthworm. The results of comprehensive toxicity comparison indicated cloransulam-methyl and TiO2NPs co-exposure has higher toxicity compared to cloransulam single exposure. Our results suggest that TiO2NPs can enhance the toxicity of cloransulam-methyl on Eisenia fetida in terms of oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and reproduction aspects. Based on above studies, it is of great importance for evaluating the risk of cloransulam-methyl co-exposure with TiO2NPs in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolin Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Hunan Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Chengbo Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Kaixuan Hou
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Xiaole Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
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11
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Jiang N, Li X, Wang Q, Baihetiyaer B, Fan X, Li M, Sun H, Yin X, Wang J. Ecological risk assessment of environmentally relevant concentrations of propofol on zebrafish (Danio rerio) at early life stage: Insight into physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137846. [PMID: 36646180 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic injection extensively used in clinic, which has been proved to be neurotoxic in humans. Improper use and disposal of propofol may lead to its release into the aquatic environment, but the potential ecological risk of propofol to aquatic organisms remains poorly understood. For this study, we comprehensively explored the ecotoxicological effects and potential mechanisms of propofol (0.04, 0.2 and 2 mg L-1) on 120 hpf zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos from physiological, biochemical, and molecular perspectives. The results showed that propofol has moderate toxicity on zebrafish embryos (96 h LC50 = 4.260 mg L-1), which could significantly reduce the hatchability and delay the development. Propofol can trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde, MDA) and DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG). The glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity of zebrafish embryos in 0.04 and 0.2 mg L-1 propofol treatment group was activated in response to oxidative damage, while activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and GPX in zebrafish treated with 2 mg L-1 was significant inhibited compared with the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the expression of antioxidant genes and related pathways was inhibited. Apoptosis was investigated at genes level and histochemistry. Molecular docking confirmed that propofol could change in the secondary structure of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and competitively inhibited acetylcholine (ACh) binding to AChE, which may disturb the nervous system. These results described toxic response and molecular mechanism in zebrafish embryos, providing multiple aspects about ecological risk assessment of propofol in water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Baikerouzi Baihetiyaer
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xiaoteng Fan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Mingsheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xianqiang Yin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China.
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12
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Hou K, Cheng C, Shi B, Liu W, Du Z, Li B, Wang J, Wang J. New insights into the effects of chlorpyrifos on soil microbes: Carbon and nitrogen cycle related microbes in wheat/maize rotation agricultural field. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120908. [PMID: 36549448 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos, a broad-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide, has been widely detected worldwide and is a potential neurotoxin and endocrine disruptor. Besides, chlorpyrifos has been proven that have a negative effect on soil microbes. In the present study, chlorpyrifos formulation (LORSBAN®, 45% emulsifiable concentrate) was applied in an agricultural field at the recommended dose (R dose, 270.0 and 337.5 g a.i. ha-1 for wheat and maize respectively) and double recommended (DR) dose. Chlorpyrifos residue level and effect on soil microbes related to soil carbon and nitrogen cycle function were analyzed. Results showed that the half-lives of chlorpyrifos in wheat and maize field soil were 7.23-8.23 and 1.45-1.77 d, respectively. Application of chlorpyrifos at even DR dose did not result in unacceptable residual chlorpyrifos, where the final residual chlorpyrifos in wheat/maize (leaf, stem, and grain) was meet the requirement of the maximum residual limit (0.5 mg kg-1 for wheat and 0.05 mg kg-1 for maize) in China. Chlorpyrifos enhanced the activity of β-glucosidase by increasing the relative abundance of Sphingosinicella and promoted the carbon cycle in wheat field. The changes of cbbLR and cbbLG gene abundance also confirmed that chlorpyrifos could affect the import and export of soil carbon pool. The effect of chlorpyrifos on soil N cycle was determined by changes in the abundance of the bacterial genus Gemmatimonas, which is associated with denitrification. Further analysis of N-cycle functional genes and urease activity showed that chlorpyrifos inhibited nitrogen fixation in wheat field, but promoted nitrogen fixation in maize field. In general, bacterial abundance, urease, and AOA-amoA gene could be early warning markers of chlorpyrifos contamination. The results demonstrated the negative effects of chlorpyrifos on soil microbes especially on soil C and N cycle in actual agricultural field. It provides new insights about chlorpyrifos environmental pollution and its effect on soil ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Hou
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Chao Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Baihui Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Experiment Management Centre, Dezhou University, No. 566 University West Road, Dezhou, 253023, PR China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, PR China.
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13
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Jiang N, Wang J, Wang Q, Baihetiyaer B, Li X, Yang Z, Li M, Sun H, Yin X. Evaluation of the biological response of propofol in zebrafish (Danio rerio): Focusing on biochemical, transcriptional, and molecular level. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120764. [PMID: 36455772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Propofol, one of the most widely used intravenous anesthetic in clinical practice, has been reported to impair cognitive and memory function. However, the toxicological effects of propofol on aquatic organisms are still poorly understood. This study explored the toxic effects of chronic propofol exposure (0.008, 0.04, and 0.2 mg L-1) on adult zebrafish from biochemical, transcriptional, and molecular level after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of exposure. Results indicated that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were significantly upregulated during the 28 days exposure period, and excessive ROS caused lipid peroxidation, resulting in increased malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the zebrafish brain. In order to relieve the oxidative damage induced by the excessive ROS, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)) were significantly activated, and detoxification enzyme (glutathione S-transferase, GST) activities showed an "activation-inhibition" trend. However, the antioxidant enzymes and detoxification enzyme system could not eliminate the excessive ROS in time and thus caused DNA damage in zebrafish brain. The olive tail moment (OTM) values displayed a "dose-response" relationship with propofol concentrations. Meanwhile, the transcription of related genes of Nrf2-Keap1 pathway was activated. Further molecular simulation experiments suggested that propofol could directly combine with SOD/CAT to change the activity of its biological enzyme. These findings indicated that zebrafish could regulate antioxidant capacity to combat oxidative stress at the early exposure stage, but the activity of antioxidant enzymes were significantly inhibited with the increase of propofol exposure time. Our results are of great importance for understanding toxicological effects of propofol on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Baikerouzi Baihetiyaer
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xianxu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Zhongkang Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Mingsheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China
| | - Xianqiang Yin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712000, PR China.
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14
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Lin S, Zhang L, Zhang P, Huang R, Khan MM, Fahad S, Cheng D, Zhang Z. Effects of glycosylation on the accumulation and transport of fipronil in earthworm (Eisenia fetida). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:3688-3696. [PMID: 35953750 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22417-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the differences in the accumulation of fipronil (F) and the glycosylated product glucose-fipronil (GTF) in Eisenia fetida within 48 h were investigated, and the reason for these differences was discussed. The accumulation of F and GTF in E. fetida and soil was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after simple, rapid pretreatment; the mean recoveries of F and GTF were 84.79 ~ 95.83%, and the relative standard deviations were 3.39 ~ 9.21%, indicating that the methods could accurately detect the accumulation of F and GTF in E. fetida and soil. Results showed that the accumulation concentrations of F and GTF in E. fetida increased with exposure time; the concentrations of F in E. fetida were 3.1 ~ 6.2 times higher than those of GTF. In addition, the half-lives of GTF in soil (16.90 ~ 18.24 days) were significantly lower than those of F (24.75 ~ 26.65 days). After the addition of phlorizin, a hexose transport inhibitor, the accumulation of F in E. fetida did not change significantly, but the accumulation of GTF in E. fetida was significantly inhibited. The concentrations of GTF in E. fetida after adding phlorizin were 32.71 ~ 59.07% of those without phlorizin. Overall, our results indicated that the uptake and transport of F and GTF in E. fetida were significantly different; the uptake and transport of GTF was related to monosaccharide transporters, and glycosylation could reduce the bioaccumulation of fipronil to E. fetida and shorten the half-life of fipronil in soil, providing an important reference for the application of glucose-fipronil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rilin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Musa Khan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Dongmei Cheng
- Department of Plant Protection, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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15
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Hou K, Yang Y, Zhu L, Wu R, Du Z, Li B, Zhu L, Sun S. Toxicity evaluation of chlorpyrifos and its main metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) to Eisenia fetida in different soils. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 259:109394. [PMID: 35697281 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study utilized a biomarker response method to evaluate the effect of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) in artificial and natural soils on Eisenia fetida after 7, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days exposure. Results indicated that TCP induced excessive reactive oxygen species, caused oxidative stress and DNA damage to Eisenia fetida. Biomarker responses were standardized to calculate the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index. The IBR index of three enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase) activities showed that TCP induced the oxidative stress to E. fetida in red clay was stronger than in the other three soils. Specifically, chlorpyrifos exposure group showed a lower toxicity than TCP exposure group after 28 days exposure but a higher toxicity than TCP exposure group after 56 days exposure. Despite the deficiencies of this study, the above information is of great significance for assessing the risk of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite TCP pollution in soil ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Hou
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Yue Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Ruolin Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
| | - Shujuan Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, 61 Daizong Road, Taian 271018, PR China.
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