1
|
Weaver N, Hammonds J, Ding L, Lerner G, Dienger-Stambaugh K, Spearman P. KIF16B Mediates Anterograde Transport and Modulates Lysosomal Degradation of the HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein. J Virol 2023; 97:e0025523. [PMID: 37358446 PMCID: PMC10373548 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00255-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) is incorporated into virions at the site of particle assembly on the plasma membrane (PM). The route taken by Env to reach the site of assembly and particle incorporation remains incompletely understood. Following initial delivery to the PM through the secretory pathway, Env is rapidly endocytosed, suggesting that recycling is required for particle incorporation. Endosomes marked by the small GTPase Rab14 have been previously shown to play a role in Env trafficking. Here, we examined the role of KIF16B, the molecular motor protein that directs outward movement of Rab14-dependent cargo, in Env trafficking. Env colocalized extensively with KIF16B+ endosomes at the cellular periphery, while expression of a motor-deficient mutant of KIF16B redistributed Env to a perinuclear location. The half-life of Env labeled at the cell surface was markedly reduced in the absence of KIF16B, while a normal half-life was restored through inhibition of lysosomal degradation. In the absence of KIF16B, Env expression on the surface of cells was reduced, leading to a reduction in Env incorporation into particles and a corresponding reduction in particle infectivity. HIV-1 replication in KIF16B knockout cells was substantially reduced compared to that in wild-type cells. These results indicated that KIF16B regulates an outward sorting step involved in Env trafficking, thereby limiting lysosomal degradation and enhancing particle incorporation. IMPORTANCE The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is an essential component of HIV-1 particles. The cellular pathways that contribute to incorporation of envelope into particles are not fully understood. Here, we have identified KIF16B, a motor protein that directs movement from internal compartments toward the plasma membrane, as a host factor that prevents envelope degradation and enhances particle incorporation. This is the first host motor protein identified that contributes to HIV-1 envelope incorporation and replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Weaver
- Immunobiology Division, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jason Hammonds
- Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lingmei Ding
- Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Grigoriy Lerner
- Immunobiology Division, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Krista Dienger-Stambaugh
- Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Paul Spearman
- Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Le H, Spearman P, Waggoner SN, Singh K. Ebola virus protein VP40 stimulates IL-12- and IL-18-dependent activation of human natural killer cells. JCI Insight 2022; 7:158902. [PMID: 35862204 PMCID: PMC9462474 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of activated natural killer (NK) cells in tissues during Ebola virus infection contributes to Ebola virus disease (EVD) pathogenesis. Yet, immunization with Ebola virus-like particles (VLPs) comprising glycoprotein and matrix protein VP40 provides rapid, NK cell–mediated protection against Ebola challenge. We used Ebola VLPs as the viral surrogates to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which Ebola virus triggers heightened NK cell activity. Incubation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with Ebola VLPs or VP40 protein led to increased expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, granzyme B, and perforin by CD3–CD56+ NK cells, along with increases in degranulation and cytotoxic activity of these cells. Optimal activation required accessory cells like CD14+ myeloid and CD14– cells and triggered increased secretion of numerous inflammatory cytokines. VP40-induced IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion by NK cells was dependent on IL-12 and IL-18 and suppressed by IL-10. In contrast, their increased degranulation was dependent on IL-12 with little influence of IL-18 or IL-10. These results demonstrate that Ebola VP40 stimulates NK cell functions in an IL-12– and IL-18–dependent manner that involves CD14+ and CD14– accessory cells. These potentially novel findings may help in designing improved intervention strategies required to control viral transmission during Ebola outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung Le
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Paul Spearman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Stephen N Waggoner
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Karnail Singh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen X, Rostad CA, Anderson LJ, Sun HY, Lapp SA, Stephens K, Hussaini L, Gibson T, Rouphael N, Anderson EJ. The development and kinetics of functional antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Virology 2021; 559:1-9. [PMID: 33774551 PMCID: PMC7975276 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, functional non-neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2, including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), are poorly understood. We developed an ADCC assay utilizing a stably transfected, dual-reporter target cell line with inducible expression of a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on the cell surface. Using this assay, we analyzed 61 convalescent serum samples from adults with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and 15 samples from healthy uninfected controls. We found that 56 of 61 convalescent serum samples induced ADCC killing of SARS-CoV-2 S target cells, whereas none of the 15 healthy controls had detectable ADCC. We then found a modest decline in ADCC titer over a median 3-month follow-up in 21 patients who had serial samples available for analysis. We confirmed that the antibody-dependent target cell lysis was mediated primarily via the NK FcγRIIIa receptor (CD16). This ADCC assay had high sensitivity and specificity for detecting serologic immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Christina A Rostad
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Larry J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - He-Ying Sun
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Stacey A Lapp
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kathy Stephens
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Laila Hussaini
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Theda Gibson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nadine Rouphael
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Evan J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen X, Anderson LJ, Rostad CA, Ding L, Lai L, Mulligan M, Rouphael N, Natrajan MS, McCracken C, Anderson EJ. Development and optimization of a Zika virus antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) assay. J Immunol Methods 2020; 488:112900. [PMID: 33075363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has become a global public health issue due to its teratogenicity and ability to cause Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Although anti-ZIKV envelope protein neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection, the non-neutralizing function of ZIKV antibodies including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) is incompletely understood. To study the role of ADCC antibodies during ZIKV infections, we generated a stably transfected, dual-reporter target cell line with inducible expression of a chimeric ZIKV prM-E protein on the cell surface as the target cell for the assay. By using this assay, nine of ten serum samples from ZIKV-infected patients had >20% ADCC killing of target cells, whereas none of the 12 healthy control sera had >10% ADCC killing. We also observed a time-dependent ADCC response in 2 patients with Zika. This demonstrates that this assay can detect ZIKV ADCC with high sensitivity and specificity, which could be useful for measurement of ADCC responses to ZIKV infection or vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Chen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Larry J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christina A Rostad
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lingmei Ding
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lilin Lai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology and NYU Langone Vaccine Center, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Mark Mulligan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology and NYU Langone Vaccine Center, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Nadine Rouphael
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Muktha S Natrajan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Courtney McCracken
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Evan J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A Bivalent, Spherical Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Enhances Breadth of Immune Responses against Pathogenic Ebola Viruses in Rhesus Macaques. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01884-19. [PMID: 32075939 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01884-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2013-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa led to accelerated efforts to develop vaccines against these highly virulent viruses. A live, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccine has been deployed in outbreak settings and appears highly effective. Vaccines based on replication-deficient adenovirus vectors either alone or in combination with a multivalent modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) Ebola vaccine also appear promising and are progressing in clinical evaluation. However, the ability of current live vector-based approaches to protect against multiple pathogenic species of Ebola is not yet established, and eliciting durable responses may require additional booster vaccinations. Here, we report the development of a bivalent, spherical Ebola virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine that incorporates glycoproteins (GPs) from Zaire Ebola virus (EBOV) and Sudan Ebola virus (SUDV) and is designed to extend the breadth of immunity beyond EBOV. Immunization of rabbits with bivalent Ebola VLPs produced antibodies that neutralized all four pathogenic species of Ebola viruses and elicited antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses against EBOV and SUDV. Vaccination of rhesus macaques with bivalent VLPs generated strong humoral immune responses, including high titers of binding, as well as neutralizing antibodies and ADCC responses. VLP vaccination led to a significant increase in the frequency of Ebola GP-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses. These results demonstrate that a novel bivalent Ebola VLP vaccine elicits strong humoral and cellular immune responses against pathogenic Ebola viruses and support further evaluation of this approach as a potential addition to Ebola vaccine development efforts.IMPORTANCE Ebola outbreaks result in significant morbidity and mortality in affected countries. Although several leading candidate Ebola vaccines have been developed and advanced in clinical testing, additional vaccine candidates may be needed to provide protection against different Ebola species and to extend the durability of protection. A novel approach demonstrated here is to express two genetically diverse glycoproteins on a spherical core, generating a vaccine that can broaden immune responses against known pathogenic Ebola viruses. This approach provides a new method to broaden and potentially extend protective immune responses against Ebola viruses.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wagstaffe HR, Clutterbuck EA, Bockstal V, Stoop JN, Luhn K, Douoguih M, Shukarev G, Snape MD, Pollard AJ, Riley EM, Goodier MR. Antibody-Dependent Natural Killer Cell Activation After Ebola Vaccination. J Infect Dis 2019; 223:1171-1182. [PMID: 31821493 PMCID: PMC8030727 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody Fc-mediated functions, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, contribute to vaccine-induced protection against viral infections. Fc-mediated function of anti-Ebola glycoprotein (GP) antibodies suggest that Fc-dependent activation of effector cells, including natural killer (NK) cells, could play a role in vaccination against Ebola virus disease. METHODS We analyzed the effect on primary human NK cell activation of anti-Ebola GP antibody in the serum of United Kingdom-based volunteers vaccinated with the novel 2-dose heterologous adenovirus type 26.ZEBOV, modified vaccinia Ankara-BN-Filo vaccine regimen. RESULTS We demonstrate primary human NK cell CD107a and interferon γ expression, combined with down-regulation of CD16, in response to recombinant Ebola virus GP and post-vaccine dose 1 and dose 2 serum samples. These responses varied significantly with vaccine regimen, and NK cell activation was found to correlate with anti-GP antibody concentration. We also reveal an impact of NK cell differentiation phenotype on antibody-dependent NK cell activation, with highly differentiated CD56dimCD57+ NK cells being the most responsive. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the dual importance of vaccine-induced antibody concentration and NK cell differentiation status in promoting Fc-mediated activation of NK cells after vaccination, raising a potential role for antibody-mediated NK cell activation in vaccine-induced immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen R Wagstaffe
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.,Immunobiology Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A Clutterbuck
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Viki Bockstal
- Janssen Vaccines and Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen N Stoop
- Janssen Vaccines and Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Luhn
- Janssen Vaccines and Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Matthew D Snape
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor M Riley
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.,The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Martin R Goodier
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Keshwara R, Hagen KR, Abreu-Mota T, Papaneri AB, Liu D, Wirblich C, Johnson RF, Schnell MJ. A Recombinant Rabies Virus Expressing the Marburg Virus Glycoprotein Is Dependent upon Antibody-Mediated Cellular Cytotoxicity for Protection against Marburg Virus Disease in a Murine Model. J Virol 2019; 93:e01865-18. [PMID: 30567978 PMCID: PMC6401435 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01865-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) is a filovirus related to Ebola virus (EBOV) associated with human hemorrhagic disease. Outbreaks are sporadic and severe, with a reported case mortality rate of upward of 88%. There is currently no antiviral or vaccine available. Given the sporadic nature of outbreaks, vaccines provide the best approach for long-term control of MARV in regions of endemicity. We have developed an inactivated rabies virus-vectored MARV vaccine (FILORAB3) to protect against Marburg virus disease. Immunogenicity studies in our labs have shown that a Th1-biased seroconversion to both rabies virus and MARV glycoproteins (GPs) is beneficial for protection in a preclinical murine model. As such, we adjuvanted FILORAB3 with glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA), a Toll-like receptor 4 agonist, in a squalene-in-water emulsion. Across two different BALB/c mouse challenge models, we achieved 92% protection against murine-adapted Marburg virus (ma-MARV). Although our vaccine elicited strong MARV GP antibodies, it did not strongly induce neutralizing antibodies. Through both in vitro and in vivo approaches, we elucidated a critical role for NK cell-dependent antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vaccine-induced protection. Overall, these findings demonstrate that FILORAB3 is a promising vaccine candidate for Marburg virus disease.IMPORTANCE Marburg virus (MARV) is a virus similar to Ebola virus and also causes a hemorrhagic disease which is highly lethal. In contrast to EBOV, only a few vaccines have been developed against MARV, and researchers do not understand what kind of immune responses are required to protect from MARV. Here we show that antibodies directed against MARV after application of our vaccine protect in an animal system but fail to neutralize the virus in a widely used virus neutralization assay against MARV. This newly discovered activity needs to be considered more when analyzing MARV vaccines or infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Keshwara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katie R Hagen
- Integrated Research Facility, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Tiago Abreu-Mota
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Amy B Papaneri
- Emerging Viral Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - David Liu
- Integrated Research Facility, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA
| | - Christoph Wirblich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Reed F Johnson
- Emerging Viral Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthias J Schnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Jefferson Vaccine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|