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Vollett KDW, Szulc DA, Cheng HLM. A Manganese Porphyrin Platform for the Design and Synthesis of Molecular and Targeted MRI Contrast Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119532. [PMID: 37298480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, in contrast to the plethora of fluorescent agents available to target disease biomarkers or exogenous implants, have remained predominantly non-specific. That is, they do not preferentially accumulate in specific locations in vivo because doing so necessitates longer contrast retention, which is contraindicated for current gadolinium (Gd) agents. This double-edge sword implies that Gd agents can offer either rapid elimination (but lack specificity) or targeted accumulation (but with toxicity risks). For this reason, MRI contrast agent innovation has been severely constrained. Gd-free alternatives based on manganese (Mn) chelates have been largely ineffective, as they are inherently unstable. In this study, we present a Mn(III) porphyrin (MnP) platform for bioconjugation, offering the highest stability and chemical versatility compared to any other T1 contrast agent. We exploit the inherent metal stability conferred by porphyrins and the absence of pendant bases (found in Gd or Mn chelates) that limit versatile functionalization. As proof-of-principle, we demonstrate labeling of human serum albumin, a model protein, and collagen hydrogels for applications in in-vivo targeted imaging and material tracking, respectively. In-vitro and in-vivo results confirm unprecedented metal stability, ease of functionalization, and high T1 relaxivity. This new platform opens the door to ex-vivo validation by fluorescent imaging and multipurpose molecular imaging in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D W Vollett
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Daniel A Szulc
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Hai-Ling Margaret Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
- Translational Biology & Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada
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2
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Li P, Wang D, Hu J, Yang X. The role of imaging in targeted delivery of nanomedicine for cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 189:114447. [PMID: 35863515 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines overcome the pharmacokinetic limitations of traditional drug formulations and have promising prospect in cancer treatment. However, nanomedicine delivery in vivo is still facing challenges from the complex physiological environment. For the purpose of effective tumor therapy, they should be designed to guarantee the five features principle, including long blood circulation, efficient tumor accumulation, deep matrix penetration, enhanced cell internalization and accurate drug release. To ensure the excellent performance of the designed nanomedicine, it would be better to monitor the drug delivery process as well as the therapeutic effects by real-time imaging. In this review, we summarize strategies in developing nanomedicines for efficiently meeting the five features of drug delivery, and the role of several imaging modalities (fluorescent imaging (FL), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), positron emission tomography (PET), and electron microscopy) in tracing drug delivery and therapeutic effect in vivo based on five features principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puze Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jun Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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3
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Safety Challenges and Application Strategies for the Use of Dendrimers in Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061292. [PMID: 35745863 PMCID: PMC9230513 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are used for a variety of applications in medicine but, due to their host–guest and entrapment characteristics, are particularly used for the delivery of genes and drugs. However, dendrimers are intrinsically toxic, thus creating a major limitation for their use in biological systems. To reduce such toxicity, biocompatible dendrimers have been designed and synthesized, and surface engineering has been used to create advantageous changes at the periphery of dendrimers. Although dendrimers have been reviewed previously in the literature, there has yet to be a systematic and comprehensive review of the harmful effects of dendrimers. In this review, we describe the routes of dendrimer exposure and their distribution in vivo. Then, we discuss the toxicity of dendrimers at the organ, cellular, and sub-cellular levels. In this review, we also describe how technology can be used to reduce dendrimer toxicity, by changing their size and surface functionalization, how dendrimers can be combined with other materials to generate a composite formulation, and how dendrimers can be used for the diagnosis of disease. Finally, we discuss future challenges, developments, and research directions in developing biocompatible and safe dendrimers for medical purposes.
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Fatima A, Ahmad MW, Al Saidi AKA, Choudhury A, Chang Y, Lee GH. Recent Advances in Gadolinium Based Contrast Agents for Bioimaging Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2449. [PMID: 34578765 PMCID: PMC8465722 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gadolinium (Gd) based contrast agents (CAs) (Gd-CAs) represent one of the most advanced developments in the application of Gd for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Current challenges with existing CAs generated an urgent requirement to develop multimodal CAs with good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and prolonged circulation time. This review discussed the Gd-CAs used in bioimaging applications, addressing their advantages and limitations. Future research is required to establish the safety, efficacy and theragnostic capabilities of Gd-CAs. Nevertheless, these Gd-CAs offer extraordinary potential as imaging CAs and promise to benefit bioimaging applications significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiya Fatima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, P.O. Box 2509, Salalah 211, Sultanate of Oman;
| | - Md. Wasi Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, P.O. Box 2509, Salalah 211, Sultanate of Oman;
| | - Abdullah Khamis Ali Al Saidi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 702-701, Korea;
| | - Arup Choudhury
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Yongmin Chang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical & Biological Engineering, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 702-701, Korea;
| | - Gang Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University (KNU), Taegu 702-701, Korea;
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5
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Caminade AM, Hameau A, Turrin CO, Laurent R, Majoral JP. Dendritic metal complexes for bioimaging. Recent advances. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Chen JS, Chen J, Bhattacharjee S, Cao Z, Wang H, Swanson SD, Zong H, Baker JR, Wang SH. Functionalized nanoparticles with targeted antibody to enhance imaging of breast cancer in vivo. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:135. [PMID: 32948179 PMCID: PMC7501678 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted contrast nanoparticles for breast tumor imaging facilitates early detection and improves treatment efficacy of breast cancer. This manuscript reports the development of an epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) specific, bi-modal, dendrimer conjugate to enhance computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of HER-2-positive breast cancer. This material employs generation 5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers, encapsulated gold nanoparticles, chelated gadolinium, and anti-human HER-2 antibody to produce the nanoparticle contrast agent. RESULTS Testing in two mouse tumor models confirms this contrast agent's ability to image HER-2 positive tumors. Intravenous injection of this nanoparticle in mice bearing HER-2 positive mammary tumors significantly enhances MRI signal intensity by ~ 20% and improves CT resolution and contrast by two-fold. Results by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy validate the specific targeting of the conjugate and its internalization in human HER-2 positive cells. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that this nanoparticle conjugate can efficiently target and image HER-2 positive tumors in vivo and provide a basis for the development of this diagnostic tool for early detection, metastatic assessment and therapeutic monitoring of HER-2 positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse S Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Somnath Bhattacharjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Zhengyi Cao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Scott D Swanson
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hong Zong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - James R Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Su He Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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7
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Fétiveau L, Paul G, Nicolas-Boluda A, Volatron J, George R, Laurent S, Muller R, Sancey L, Mejanelle P, Gloter A, Gazeau F, Catala L. Tailored ultra-small Prussian blue-based nanoparticles for MRI imaging and combined photothermal/photoacoustic theranostics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 55:14844-14847. [PMID: 31768507 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07116d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasmall sub-10 nm nanoparticles of Prussian blue analogues incorporating GdIII ions at their periphery revealed longitudinal relaxivities above 40 mM-1 s-1 per GdIII regardless of the nature of the core and the polymer coating. Large T1-weighted contrast enhancements were achieved in addition to a highly efficient photothermal effect and in vivo photoacoustic imaging in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Fétiveau
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.
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8
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Giovenzana GB, Lattuada L, Negri R. Recent Advances in Bifunctional Paramagnetic Chelates for MRI. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni B. Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 I-28100 Novara Italy
| | - Luciano Lattuada
- Bracco Imaging SpA, Bracco Research Centre; Via Ribes 5 I-10010 Colleretto Giacosa TO, Italy
| | - Roberto Negri
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 I-28100 Novara Italy
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9
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Hybrid protein-inorganic nanoparticles: From tumor-targeted drug delivery to cancer imaging. J Control Release 2016; 243:303-322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Hapuarachchige S, Artemov D. Click Chemistry in the Development of Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 25:205-213. [PMID: 27748712 PMCID: PMC5082715 DOI: 10.1097/rmr.0000000000000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Click chemistry provides fast, convenient, versatile, and reliable chemical reactions that take place between pairs of functional groups of small molecules that can be purified without chromatographic methods. Due to the fast kinetics and low or no elimination of byproducts, click chemistry is a promising approach that is rapidly gaining acceptance in drug discovery, radiochemistry, bioconjugation, and nanoscience applications. Increasing use of click chemistry in synthetic procedures or as a bioconjugation technique in diagnostic imaging is occurring because click reactions are fast, provide a quantitative yield, and produce a minimal amount of nontoxic byproducts. This review summarizes the recent application of click chemistry in magnetic resonance imaging and discusses the directions for applying novel click reactions and strategies for further improving magnetic resonance imaging performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudath Hapuarachchige
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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11
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Otis JB, Zong H, Kotylar A, Yin A, Bhattacharjee S, Wang H, James R. B, Wang SH. Dendrimer antibody conjugate to target and image HER-2 overexpressing cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:36002-36013. [PMID: 27144519 PMCID: PMC5094978 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many breast and lung cancers overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), no methods currently exist for effective and early detection of HER-2-positive cancers. To address this issue, we designed and synthesized dendrimer-based novel nano-imaging agents that contain gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and gadolinium (Gd), conjugated with the humanized anti-HER-2 antibody (Herceptin). Generation 5 (G5) polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers were selected as the backbone for the nano-imaging agents due to their unique size, high ratio of surface functional groups and bio-functionality. We modified G5 PAMAM dendrimer surface with PEG and 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) chelators to encapsulate AuNPs and complex Gd. These dendrimer entrapped AuNPs were further conjugated with Herceptin through copper-catalyzed azide- alkyne click reaction to construct the nano-imaging agent Au-G5-Gd-Herceptin. The targeted nano-imaging agent bound selectively to HER-2 overexpressing cell lines, with subsequent internalization into the cells. More importantly, non-targeted nano-imaging agent neither bound nor internalized into cells overexpressing HER-2. These results suggest that our approach could provide a platform to develop nano-diagnostic agents or nano-therapeutic agents for early detection and treatment of HER-2-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B. Otis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hong Zong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alina Kotylar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anna Yin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Somnath Bhattacharjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shangai, P.R.China
| | - Baker James R.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Su He Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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12
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Zhang L, Liu R, Peng H, Li P, Xu Z, Whittaker AK. The evolution of gadolinium based contrast agents: from single-modality to multi-modality. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:10491-10510. [PMID: 27159645 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00267f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based contrast agents are extensively used as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents due to their outstanding signal enhancement and ease of chemical modification. However, it is increasingly recognized that information obtained from single modal molecular imaging cannot satisfy the higher requirements on the efficiency and accuracy for clinical diagnosis and medical research, due to its limitation and default rooted in single molecular imaging technique itself. To compensate for the deficiencies of single function magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents, the combination of multi-modality imaging has turned to be the research hotpot in recent years. This review presents an overview on the recent developments of the functionalization of gadolinium-based contrast agents, and their application in biomedicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China.
| | - Ruiqing Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China.
| | - Hui Peng
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
| | - Penghui Li
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zushun Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advance Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China.
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
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13
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Yang CT, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás BZ. Gadolinium(iii) based nanoparticles for T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging probes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07782j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarized the recent progress on Gd(iii)-based nanoparticles asT1-weighted MRI contrast agents and multimodal contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Tong Yang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 636921
| | | | - Balázs Z. Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 636921
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14
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Silva SR, Duarte ÉC, Ramos GS, Kock FVC, Andrade FD, Frézard F, Colnago LA, Demicheli C. Gadolinium(III) Complexes with N-Alkyl-N-methylglucamine Surfactants Incorporated into Liposomes as Potential MRI Contrast Agents. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2015; 2015:942147. [PMID: 26347596 PMCID: PMC4546952 DOI: 10.1155/2015/942147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexes of gadolinium(III) with N-octanoyl-N-methylglucamine (L8) and N-decanoyl-N-methylglucamine (L10) with 1 : 2 stoichiometry were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and molar conductivity measurements. The transverse (r 2) and longitudinal (r 1) relaxivity protons were measured at 20 MHz and compared with those of the commercial contrasts. These complexes were incorporated in liposomes, resulting in the increase of the vesicle zeta potential. Both the free and liposome-incorporated gadolinium complexes showed high relaxation effectiveness, compared to commercial contrast agent gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist). The high relaxivity of these complexes was attributed to the molecular rotation that occurs more slowly, because of the elevated molecular weight and incorporation in liposomes. The results establish that these paramagnetic complexes are highly potent contrast agents, making them excellent candidates for various applications in molecular MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rodrigues Silva
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Érica Correia Duarte
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Santos Ramos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Diuk Andrade
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Frédéric Frézard
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Colnago
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Demicheli
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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15
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Upadhyay A, Das C, Shanmugam M, Langley SK, Murray KS, Shanmugam M. Electronic and Magnetic Properties of a Gadolinium(III) Schiff Base Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Zhou S, Wu Z, Chen X, Jia L, Zhu W. PEGylated polyethylenimine as enhanced T₁ contrast agent for efficient magnetic resonance imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:11459-11469. [PMID: 24983917 DOI: 10.1021/am5020875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Currently used small molecular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging contrast agents (CAs) in clinics have relatively short half-lives, which has limited the acquisition of high-resolution organ and angiographic images. Therefore, development of a facile strategy for the synthesis of long-circulating CAs with the transforming potential for MR imaging still remains a great challenge. Here we communicate the design and synthesis of PEGylated polyethylenimine (PEI) and its application as enhanced T1 CA for the long-circulating blood pool as well as efficient organ and tumor imaging. In this study, PEI was covalently grafted with gadolinium (Gd(III)) chelator and mPEG-NHS, followed by acetylation of the remaining amines to improve biocompatibility and prolong circulation time. With the relatively long circulation time (3.8 h), the formed multifunctional PEI (PEI.NHAc-DTPA(Gd(III))-mPEG) can be used as an enhanced T1 CA for blood pool and major organ imaging, and could be cleared from the body 96 h post administration through the urinary system. Importantly, the PEI.NHAc-DTPA(Gd(III))-mPEG complexes displayed a strong T1 contrast effect for tumor imaging through the enhanced permeation and retention effect. These findings suggest that the synthesized PEI.NHAc-DTPA(Gd(III))-mPEG may be used as a promising CA for T1 MR imaging of various biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyuan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University , Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China
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Doan BT, Crauste-Manciet S, Bourgaux C, Dhotel H, Jugé L, Brossard D, Scherman D, Bessodes M, Cuenod CA, Mignet N. Lipidic spherulites as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00571f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Laznickova A, Biricova V, Laznicek M, Hermann P. Mono(pyridine-N-oxide) DOTA analog and its G1/G4-PAMAM dendrimer conjugates labeled with 177Lu: Radiolabeling and biodistribution studies. Appl Radiat Isot 2014; 84:70-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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19
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Samuelson LE, Anderson BM, Bai M, Dukes MJ, Hunt CR, Casey JD, Han Z, Papadopoulos V, Bornhop DJ. A self-internalizing mitochondrial TSPO targeting imaging probe for fluorescence, MRI and EM. RSC Adv 2014; 4:9003-9011. [PMID: 32051760 DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47161f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in probes for cellular imaging have driven discoveries in biology and medicine. Primarily, antibodies and small molecules have been made for contrast enhancement of specific proteins. The development of new dendrimer-based tools offers opportunities to tune cellular internalization and targeting, image multiple modalities in the same molecule and explore therapeutics. The translocator protein (TSPO) offers an ideal target to develop dendrimer tools because it is well characterized and implicated in a number of disease states. The TSPO-targeted dendrimers reported here, primarily ClPhIQ-PAMAM-Gd-Liss, are cell membrane permeable nanoparticles that enable labeling of TSPO and provide contrast in fluorescence, electron microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. The molecular binding affinity for TSPO was found to be 0.51 μM, 3 times greater than the monomeric agents previously demonstrated in our laboratory. The relaxivity per Gd3+ of the ClPhIQ23-PAMAM-Gd18 dendrimer was 7.7 and 8.0 mM-1 s-1 for r 1 and r 2 respectively, approximately double that of the clinically used monomeric Gd3+ chelates. In vitro studies confirmed molecular selectively for labeling TSPO in the mitochondria of C6 rat glioma and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Fluorescence co-registration with Mitotracker Green® and increased contrast of osmium-staining in electron microscopy confirmed mitochondrial labeling of these TSPO-targeted agents. Taken collectively these experiments demonstrate the versatility of conjugation of our PAMAM dendrimeric chemistry to allow multi-modality agents to be prepared. These agents target organelles and use complementary imaging modalities in vitro, potentially allowing disease mechanism studies with high sensitivity and high resolution techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn E Samuelson
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Bernard M Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Mingfeng Bai
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Madeline J Dukes
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Colette R Hunt
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Jonathon D Casey
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
| | - Zeqiu Han
- Department of Biochemistry &Molecular and Ceilular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, BSB Room 315, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Vassilios Papadopoulos
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Darryl J Bornhop
- Department of Chemistry, The Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822 Nashville, Tennessee 37235-1822, USA
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Eniola-Adefeso O, Heslinga MJ, Porter TM. Design of nanovectors for therapy and imaging of cardiovascular diseases. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2012; 8:13-7. [PMID: 22891105 DOI: 10.14797/mdcj-8-1-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are widely prevalent in western societies, and their associated costs number in the billions of dollars and affect millions of patients each year. Nanovectors targeted to tissues involved in cardiovascular diseases offer great opportunities to improve cardiovascular treatment through their imaging and drug delivery capabilities. Vascular-targeted imaging particles may permit the early identification of atherosclerosis, discriminate between stable and vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, or guide surgeons as they work on fragile vasculature. Tailored therapeutic nanoparticles may provide safer, more efficient and effective intervention through localization and release of encapsulated therapeutics. Nanovector design involves numerous considerations such as fabrication material, particle size, and surface-modification with ligands for targeting and increasing blood circulation times. Complex blood rheology may affect the efficiency with which dissimilarsized particles target ligand receptors associated with disease. Additionally, the intended use of a nanovector is a critical factor in its design as some materials with poor drug-loading qualities or release kinetics may be suitable for imaging purposes only. Overall, vectors targeted to the vasculature will need to be efficient in avoiding blood clearance, honing to the target location, and binding at the desired site.
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Andolina CM, Klemm PJ, Floyd WC, Fréchet JMJ, Raymond KN. Analysis of Lanthanide Complex Dendrimer Conjugates for Bimodal NIR and MRI Imaging. Macromolecules 2012; 45:8982-8990. [PMID: 23226878 DOI: 10.1021/ma302206g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advances in clinical diagnostic instrumentation have enabled some imaging modalities to be run concurrently. For diagnostic purposes, multimodal imaging can allow for rapid location and accurate identification of a patient's illness. The paramagnetic and near Infra-red (NIR) properties of Dy(III) and Yb(III) are interesting candidates for the development of bimodal NIR and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. To enhance their intrinsic bimodal properties, these lanthanides were chelated using the hexadentate-all-oxygen-donor-ligand TREN-bis-(1-Me)-3,2-HOPO-TAM-NX (NX, where X = 1, 2 or 3) and subsequently conjugated to the esteramide dendrimer (EA), to improve bioavailability, solubility, and relaxivity. Of these new complexes synthesized and evaluated, DyN1-EA had the largest ionic T(1) relaxivity, 7.60 mM(-1) s(-1), while YbN3-EA had the largest ionic T(2) relaxivity with a NIR quantum yield of 0.17 % when evaluated in mouse serum. This is the first Yb(III) bimodal NIR/T(2) MRI contrast agent of its kind evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Andolina
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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22
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Duncan AK, Klemm PJ, Raymond KN, Landry CC. Silica microparticles as a solid support for gadolinium phosphonate magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8046-9. [PMID: 22545921 PMCID: PMC3403734 DOI: 10.1021/ja302183w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Particle-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents have been the focus of recent studies, primarily due to the possibility of preparing multimodal particles capable of simultaneously targeting, imaging, and treating specific biological tissues in vivo. In addition, particle-based MRI contrast agents often have greater sensitivity than commercially available, soluble agents due to decreased molecular tumbling rates following surface immobilization, leading to increased relaxivities. Mesoporous silica particles are particularly attractive substrates due to their large internal surface areas. In this study, we immobilized a unique phosphonate-containing ligand onto mesoporous silica particles with a range of pore diameters, pore volumes, and surface areas, and Gd(III) ions were then chelated to the particles. Per-Gd(III) ionic relaxivities ranged from ∼2 to 10 mM(-1) s(-1) (37 °C, 60 MHz), compared to 3.0-3.5 mM(-1) s(-1) for commercial agents. The large surface areas allowed many Gd(III) ions to be chelated, leading to per-particle relaxivities of 3.3 × 10(7) mM(-1) s(-1), which is the largest value measured for a biologically suitable particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra K. Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Piper J. Klemm
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kenneth N. Raymond
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher C. Landry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
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Tu C, Louie AY. Nanoformulations for molecular MRI. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 4:448-57. [PMID: 22488901 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale contrast agents have shown the ability to increase the detection sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by several orders of magnitude, endowing this traditionally macroscopic modality with the ability to observe unique molecular signatures. Herein, we describe three types of nanoparticulate contrast agents: iron oxide nanoparticles, gadolinium-based nanoparticles, and bio-essential manganese, cobalt, nickel, and copper ion-containing nanoformulations. Some of these agents have been approved for clinical use, but more are still under development for medical imaging. The advantages and disadvantages of each nanoformulation, in terms of intrinsic magnetism, ease of synthesis, biodistribution, etc. are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqiao Tu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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24
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Yang CT, Chuang KH. Gd(iii) chelates for MRI contrast agents: from high relaxivity to “smart”, from blood pool to blood–brain barrier permeable. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md00279e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Radiolabeling of PAMAM dendrimers conjugated to a pyridine-N-oxide DOTA analog with 111In: Optimization of reaction conditions and biodistribution. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:505-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Nwe K, Milenic DE, Ray GL, Kim YS, Brechbiel MW. Preparation of cystamine core dendrimer and antibody-dendrimer conjugates for MRI angiography. Mol Pharm 2011; 9:374-81. [PMID: 21882823 DOI: 10.1021/mp2003219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the preparation along with the in vivo and in vitro MRI characterization of two generation four and five cystamine core dendrimers loaded with thirty and fifty-eight derivatized Gd-DOTA (G4SS30, G5SS58) respectively. Likewise the development and characterization of two half-dendrimers conjugated to the F(ab')(2) fragment of the monoclonal antibody (mAb) panitumumab functionalized with a maleimide conjugation functional group site (Ab-(G4S15)(4), Ab-(G5S29)(4)) are also described. The in vitro molar relaxivity of the Ab-(G4S15)(4) conjugate, measured at pH 7.4, 22 °C, and 3T showed a moderate increase in relaxivity as compared to Magnevist (6.7 vs 4.0 mM(-1) s(-1)) while the Ab-(G5S29)(4) conjugate was 2-fold higher (9.1 vs 4.0 mM(-1) s(-1)). The data showed that only a high injection dose (0.050 mmol Gd(3+)/kg) produced a detectable contrast enhanced contrast for the Ab-(G4S15)(4) conjugate while a lower dose (0.035 mmol Gd(3+)/kg) was sufficient for the Ab-(G5S29)(4) conjugate. The antibody-SMCC conjugate was purified by a Sephadex G-100 column, and the antibody-dendrimer-based agents were purified by spin filtration using a Centricon filter (50,000 MCO). The protein assay coupled with cysteine and Ellman's assay indicated an antibody to dendrimer ratio of 1:4. The in vivo blood clearance half-lives of the four agents measured at the jugular vein were ~12-22 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kido Nwe
- Radioimmune & Inorganic Chemistry Section, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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