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Zhang H, Zheng C, Chen W, Li X, Wang J, Wang T, Zhao Q, Huang H, Li Y, Yang C, Xie K, Pan S, Wang B, Wang C, Tang Y, Li K, Liu J, Wang L. PP2 alleviates the progression of osteoarthritis by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin and activating TGF-β/Smad signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110948. [PMID: 37774483 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of the Src inhibitor PP2 on osteoarthritis (OA) progression. METHODS The protein expressions of Src, p-Src (y418) and p-FAK in normal and OA human chondrocytes were detected by immunofluorescence (IF) analysis. Chondrocytes from the femur and tibial plateau of 3-day-old mice were extracted and inoculated into 6-well plates. The chondrocytes were co-cultured with IL-1β and different doses of PP2, and then the degeneration of extracellular matrix was analyzed. A mouse OA model was induced by destabilizing medial meniscectomy of the right knee. Two weeks after the operation, different doses of PP2 were injected intraperitoneally. The drug was given three times a week for 6 weeks, and then the mice were sacrificed. Histopathological, IF and immunoblotting analyses were used to detect key OA catabolic markers and protein expression and related signaling. RESULTS The levels of Src, p-Src (y418) and p-FAK in the knee cartilage tissue of patients with OA were abnormally increased. After chondrocytes were co-treated with IL-1β and different doses of PP2, the results showed that PP2 reduced the abnormal increase of β-catenin, p-β-catenin and other proteins induced by IL-1β, and reversed the decrease of p-Smad3, aggrecan and collagen Ⅱ protein levels. Meanwhile, intraperitoneal injection of PP2 in vivo significantly reduced the degeneration of articular cartilage in the OA mouse model. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that targeting Src with PP2 protected against cartilage destruction in an OA mouse model by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin and activating TGF-β/Smad signaling, suggesting that Src may be a potential therapeutic target for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuanchuan Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, 533000, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinshu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Taikun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Chengliang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Kegong Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengcai Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Binghao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Chong Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong 523820, China
| | - Yujin Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Kai Li
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Guangxi Key Laboratory of basic and translational research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases, Guangxi Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center for Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseass, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Medicine Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative Diseases Cohort, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Research, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Liqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Alimoradi N, Tahami M, Firouzabadi N, Haem E, Ramezani A. Metformin attenuates symptoms of osteoarthritis: role of genetic diversity of Bcl2 and CXCL16 in OA. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:35. [PMID: 36879307 PMCID: PMC9990216 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of metformin versus placebo in overweight patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, to assess the effects of inflammatory mediators and apoptotic proteins in the pathogenesis of OA, the genetic polymorphisms of two genes, one related to apoptosis (rs2279115 of Bcl-2) and the other related to inflammation (rs2277680 of CXCL-16), were investigated. METHODS In this double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, patients were randomly divided to two groups, one group receiving metformin (n = 44) and the other one receiving an identical inert placebo (n = 44) for 4 consecutive months (starting dose 0.5 g/day for the first week, increase to 1 g/day for the second week, and further increase to 1.5 g/day for the remaining period). Another group of healthy individuals (n = 92) with no history and diagnosis of OA were included in this study in order to evaluate the role of genetics in OA. The outcome of treatment regimen was evaluated using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire. The frequency of variants of rs2277680 (A181V) and rs2279115 (938C>A) were determined in extracted DNAs using PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS Our results indicated an increase in scores of pain (P ≤ 0.0001), activity of daily living (ADL) (P ≤ 0.0001), sport and recreation (Sport/Rec) (P ≤ 0.0001), and quality of life (QOL) (P = 0.003) and total scores of the KOOS questionnaire in the metformin group compared to the placebo group. Susceptibility to OA was associated with age, gender, family history, CC genotype of 938C>A (Pa = 0.001; OR = 5.2; 95% CI = 2.0-13.7), and GG+GA genotypes of A181V (Pa = 0.04; OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.1-10.5). The C allele of 938C>A (Pa = 0.04; OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-9.8) and G allele of A181V (Pa = 0.02; OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-4.8) were also associated with OA. CONCLUSION Our findings support the possible beneficial effects of metformin on improving pain, ADL, Sport/Rec, and QOL in OA patients. Our findings support the association between the CC genotype of Bcl-2 and GG+GA genotypes of CXCL-16 and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Alimoradi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tahami
- Bone and Joint Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Firouzabadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Elham Haem
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amin Ramezani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
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Emerging Targets for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: New Investigational Methods to Identify Neo-Vessels as Possible Targets for Embolization. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061403. [PMID: 35741213 PMCID: PMC9221854 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the major cause of disability, affecting over 30 million US adults. Continued research into the role of neovascularization and inflammation related to osteoarthritis in large-animal models and human clinical trials is paramount. Recent literature on the pathogenetic model of OA has refocused on low-level inflammation, resulting in joint remodeling. As a result, this has redirected osteoarthritis research toward limiting or treating joint changes associated with persistent synovitis. The overall goal of this review is to better understand the cellular and tissue-specific mechanisms of inflammation in relation to a novel OA treatment modality, Genicular Artery Embolization (GAE). This article also assesses the utility and mechanism of periarticular neovascular embolization for the treatment of OA with a particular emphasis on the balance between pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic cytokines, inflammatory biomarkers, and imaging changes.
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DeKeyser GJ, Epperson R, Zhang C, Williams D, Olsen A, Haller JM. Articular fragment restoration is critical to mitigate post-traumatic osteoarthritis in a porcine pilon fracture model. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2022; 4:100266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Zhou Y, Ni J, Wen C, Lai P. Light on osteoarthritic joint: from bench to bed. Theranostics 2022; 12:542-557. [PMID: 34976200 PMCID: PMC8692899 DOI: 10.7150/thno.64340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the rapidly growing disability-associated conditions with population aging worldwide. There is a pressing need for precise diagnosis and timely intervention for OA in the early stage. Current clinical imaging modalities, including pain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and optical coherent tomography, are limited to provide structural changes when the damage has been established or advanced. It prompts further endeavors in search of novel functional and molecular imaging, which potentially enables early diagnosis and intervention of OA. A hybrid imaging modality based on photothermal effects, photoacoustic imaging, has drawn wide attention in recent years and has seen a variety of biomedical applications, due to its great performance in yielding high-contrast and high-resolution images from structure to function, from tissue down to molecular levels, from animals to human subjects. Photoacoustic imaging has witnessed gratifying potentials and preliminary effects in OA diagnosis. Regarding the treatment of OA, photothermal-triggered therapy has exhibited its attractions for enhanced therapeutic outcomes. In this narrative review, we will discuss photoacoustic imaging for the diagnosis and monitoring of OA at different stages. Structural, functional, and molecular parameter changes associated with OA joints captured by photoacoustics will be summarized, forming the diagnosis perspective of the review. Photothermal therapy applications related to OA will also be discussed herein. Lastly, relevant clinical applications and its potential solutions to extend photoacoustic imaging to deeper OA situations have been proposed. Although some aspects may not be covered, this mini review provides a better understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of OA with exciting innovations based on tissue photothermal effects. It may also inspire more explorations in the field towards earlier and better theranostics of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junguo Ni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chunyi Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Research Institute of Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR
| | - Puxiang Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Photonics Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HKSAR
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6
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Sang F, Xu J, Chen Z, Liu Q, Jiang W. Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Alleviates Osteoarthritis Condition Through Focal Adhesion Kinase-Mediated Chondrocyte Proliferation and Differentiation. Cartilage 2021; 13:196S-203S. [PMID: 32281401 PMCID: PMC8804760 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520912322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic multifactorial degenerative disease characterized by joint tissue inflammation, osteophyte formation, subchondral bone sclerosis, and articular cartilage degradation. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), a noninvasive ultrasound technique, is widely used to attenuate diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether LIPUS can ameliorate OA, and to explore its underlying molecular mechanism. DESIGN The OA model was established in a C57BL/6 mouse by the anterior cruciate ligament transaction method. OA was assessed using arthritis scoring and weightbearing parameters. Chondrocyte proliferation was detected by a CCK-8 assay. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in synovial fluid of the mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In OA mice, the arthritis score and weightbearing abilities were dramatically improved by LIPUS treatment. LIPUS also remarkably declined the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in synovial fluid of OA mice. Moreover, LIPUS promoted chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation by activating focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. Inhibition of FAK significantly blocked LIPUS-mediated cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro, as well as inflammation condition in OA mice. CONCLUSION LIPUS alleviates OA through promoting chondrocytes proliferation and differentiation by activating FAK, which could act as an intervening target for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sang
- Department of Orthopaedics,
Lianshui County People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Lianshui County People’s
Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu,
China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The
Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second
People’s Hospital of Huai’an, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery,
The Affiliated Huai’an No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical
University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingbai Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics,
Lianshui County People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Lianshui County People’s
Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu,
China
| | - Wenchao Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wujin
Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, the Wujin Clinical College of
Xuzhou Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China,Wenchao Jiang, Department of
Orthopedics, Wujin People’s Hospital, No. 2 of Wujin North Road,
Changzhou, Jiangsu 213017, China.
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Huang L, Riihioja I, Tanska P, Ojanen S, Palosaari S, Kröger H, Saarakkala SJ, Herzog W, Korhonen RK, Finnilä MAJ. Early changes in osteochondral tissues in a rabbit model of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2556-2567. [PMID: 33580730 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Concurrent osteoarthritic (OA) manifestations in bone and cartilage are poorly known. To shed light on this issue, this study aims to investigate changes in subchondral bone and articular cartilage at two time points after anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in a rabbit model. 2 (N = 16) and 8 (N = 10) weeks after ACLT, the subchondral bone structure, cartilage thickness, Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score, fixed charged density (FCD), and collagen orientation angle were analyzed. OA related changes were evaluated by comparing the ACLT to the contralateral (C-L) and control knees. Already 2 weeks after ACLT, higher trabecular number in the medial femoral condyle and femoral groove, greater OARSI score in the femoral condyles, and thinner trabeculae in the lateral tibial plateau and femoral groove were observed in ACLT compared to C-L knees. Only minor changes of cartilage collagen orientation in the femoral condyles and femoral groove and smaller FCD in the femoral condyles, medial tibial plateau, femoral groove and patella were observed. 8 weeks post-ACLT, the surgical knees had thinner subchondral plate and trabeculae, and smaller trabecular bone volume fraction in most of the knee locations. OARSI score was greater in the femoral condyle and lateral tibial plateau cartilage. FCD loss was progressive only in the femoral condyle, femoral groove, and patellar cartilage, and minor changes of cartilage collagen orientation angle were present in the femoral condyles, femoral groove, and lateral tibial plateau. We conclude that ACLT induces progressive subchondral bone loss, during which proteoglycan loss occurs followed by their partly recovery, as indicated by FCD results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Huang
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ilari Riihioja
- Medical Research Center, Bone and Stem Cell Biology Research Group, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Tanska
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simo Ojanen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sanna Palosaari
- Medical Research Center, Bone and Stem Cell Biology Research Group, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Kröger
- Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simo J Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Walter Herzog
- Human performance laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rami K Korhonen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko A J Finnilä
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Pirosa A, Gottardi R, Alexander PG, Puppi D, Chiellini F, Tuan RS. An in vitro chondro-osteo-vascular triphasic model of the osteochondral complex. Biomaterials 2021; 272:120773. [PMID: 33798958 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The generation of engineered models of the osteochondral complex to study its pathologies and develop possible treatments is hindered by the distinctly different properties of articular cartilage and subchondral bone, with the latter characterized by vascularization. In vitro models of the osteochondral complex have been mainly engineered as biphasic constructs containing just cartilage and bone cells, a condition very dissimilar from the in vivo environment. The different cellular components of the osteochondral complex are governed by interacting biochemical signaling; hence, to study the crosstalk among chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and endothelial cells, we have developed a novel triphasic model of the osteochondral tissue interface. Wet-spun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and PCL/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds in combination with a methacrylated gelatin (gelMA) hydrogel were used as the polymeric backbone of the constructs. The scaffold components were engineered with human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and differentiated using a dual chamber microphysiological system (MPS) bioreactor that allows the simultaneous, separate flow of media of different compositions for induced differentiation of each compartment towards a cartilaginous or osseous lineage. Within the engineered Microphysiological Vascularized Osteochondral System, hMSCs showed spatially distinct chondrogenic and osteogenic markers in terms of histology and gene expression. HUVECs formed a stable capillary-like network in the engineered bone compartment and enhanced both chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs, resulting in the generation of an in vitro system that mimics a vascularized osteochondral interface tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pirosa
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; BIOlab Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Gottardi
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
| | - Peter G Alexander
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dario Puppi
- BIOlab Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Chiellini
- BIOlab Research Group, Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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9
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Dechaumet B, Cleret D, Linossier MT, Vanden-Bossche A, Chanon S, Lefai E, Laroche N, Lafage-Proust MH, Vico L. Hypergravity as a gravitational therapy mitigates the effects of knee osteoarthritis on the musculoskeletal system in a murine model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243098. [PMID: 33296408 PMCID: PMC7725345 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Insights into the effects of osteoarthritis (OA) and physical interventions on the musculoskeletal system are limited. Our goal was to analyze musculoskeletal changes in OA mice and test the efficacy of 8-week exposure to hypergravity, as a replacement of physical activity. 16-week-old male (C57BL/6J) mice allocated to sham control and OA groups not centrifuged (Ctrl 1g and OA 1g, respectively) or centrifuged at 2g acceleration (Ctrl 2g and OA 2g). OA 1g displayed decreased trabecular bone in the proximal tibia metaphysis and increased osteoclastic activity and local TNFα gene expression, all entirely prevented by 2g gravitational therapy. However, while cortical bone of tibia midshaft was preserved in OA 1g (vs. ctrl), it is thinner in OA 2g (vs. OA 1g). In the hind limb, OA at 1g increased fibers with lipid droplets by 48% in the tibialis anterior, a fact fully prevented by 2g. In Ctrl, 2g increased soleus, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius masses. In the soleus of both Ctrl and OA, 2g induced larger fibers and a switch from type-II to type-I fiber. Catabolic (myostatin and its receptor activin RIIb and visfatine) and anabolic (FNDC5) genes dramatically increased in Ctrl 2g and OA 2g (p<0.01 vs 1g). Nevertheless, the overexpression of FNDC5 (and follistatine) was smaller in OA 2g than in Ctrl 2g. Thus, hypergravity in OA mice produced positive effects for trabecular bone and muscle typology, similar to resistance exercises, but negative effects for cortical bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Dechaumet
- SAINBIOSE Laboratory, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Damien Cleret
- SAINBIOSE Laboratory, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | - Stéphanie Chanon
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, University of Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Etienne Lefai
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, University of Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Norbert Laroche
- SAINBIOSE Laboratory, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Laurence Vico
- SAINBIOSE Laboratory, INSERM, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- * E-mail:
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10
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Oliveira Silva M, Gregory JL, Ansari N, Stok KS. Molecular Signaling Interactions and Transport at the Osteochondral Interface: A Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:750. [PMID: 32974333 PMCID: PMC7466715 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular joints are comprised of different tissues, including cartilage and bone, with distinctive structural and mechanical properties. Joint homeostasis depends on mechanical and biological integrity of these components and signaling exchanges between them. Chondrocytes and osteocytes actively sense, integrate, and convert mechanical forces into biochemical signals in cartilage and bone, respectively. The osteochondral interface between the bone and cartilage allows these tissues to communicate with each other and exchange signaling and nutritional molecules, and by that ensure an integrated response to mechanical stimuli. It is currently not well known how molecules are transported between these tissues. Measuring molecular transport in vivo is highly desirable for tracking cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritis progression. Since transport of contrast agents, which are used for joint imaging, also depend on diffusion through the cartilage extracellular matrix, contrast agent enhanced imaging may provide a high resolution, non-invasive method for investigating molecular transport in the osteochondral unit. Only a few techniques have been developed to track molecular transport at the osteochondral interface, and there appear opportunities for development in this field. This review will describe current knowledge of the molecular interactions and transport in the osteochondral interface and discuss the potential of using contrast agents for investigating molecular transport and structural changes of the joint.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kathryn S. Stok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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11
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Narez GE, Fischenich KM, Donahue TLH. Experimental animal models of post-traumatic osteoarthritis of the knee. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2020; 12:8448. [PMID: 32922696 PMCID: PMC7461640 DOI: 10.4081/or.2020.8448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the complex and dynamic nature of osteoarthritis (OA) and post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), animal models have been used to investigate the progression and pathogenesis of the disease. Researchers have used different experimental models to study OA and PTOA. With an emphasis on the knee joint, this review will compare and contrast the existing body of knowledge from anterior cruciate ligament transection models, meniscectomy models, combination models, as well as impact models in large animals to see how tissues respond to these different approaches to induce experimental OA and PTOA. The tissues discussed will include articular cartilage and the meniscus, with a focus on morphological, mechanical and histological assessments. The goal of this review is to demonstrate the progressive nature of OA by indicating the strong correlation between progressive tissue degeneration, change of mechanical properties, and loss of biochemical integrity and to highlight key differences between the most commonly used experimental animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo E Narez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA
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12
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Effects of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells loaded with graphene oxide granular lubrication on cytokine levels in animal models of knee osteoarthritis. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2020; 45:381-390. [PMID: 32556386 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to use umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) loaded with graphene oxide (GO) granular lubricant to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA) animal models and to analyze their effect on cytokine levels in the articular cavity. METHODS Twenty-four New Zealand rabbit models of KOA were established by the modified Hulth and cartilage injury method, and they were assigned to the blank group, the GO group, the UCMSC group, and the GO + UCMSC group, each group containing six animal models. The GO and UCMSC groups were treated by a single intra-articular injection. The treatment was started one month after surgical modeling, and the observation period was eight weeks. The expression levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and collagen-II (COL-II) in serum and articular fluid after treatment were compared to analyze the efficacy. RESULTS The GO granular lubricant caused no significant improvement in the intra-articular environment of the knee joint, and UCMSCs caused a certain degree of improvement in the inflammatory environment. The improvement results of NO, IL-6, TNF-α, GAG, and COL-II were the best in the GO + UCMSC group, but the improvement results of inflammatory cytokine levels in serum and articular fluid were not consistent, especially the differences in NO, IL-6, and TNF-α were greater. CONCLUSION UCMSCs loaded with the GO granular lubricant can reduce the inflammatory level and improve the level of biochemical environment in the articular cavity, and thus promote cartilage repair.
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13
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Su W, Liu G, Liu X, Zhou Y, Sun Q, Zhen G, Wang X, Hu Y, Gao P, Demehri S, Cao X, Wan M. Angiogenesis stimulated by elevated PDGF-BB in subchondral bone contributes to osteoarthritis development. JCI Insight 2020; 5:135446. [PMID: 32208385 PMCID: PMC7205438 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.135446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased subchondral bone angiogenesis with blood vessels breaching the tidemark into the avascular cartilage is a diagnostic feature of human osteoarthritis. However, the mechanisms that initiate subchondral bone angiogenesis remain unclear. We show that abnormally increased platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) secretion by mononuclear preosteoclasts induces subchondral bone angiogenesis, contributing to osteoarthritis development. In mice after destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM), aberrant joint subchondral bone angiogenesis developed during an early stage of osteoarthritis, before articular cartilage damage occurred. Mononuclear preosteoclasts in subchondral bone secrete excessive amounts of PDGF-BB, which activates platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) signaling in pericytes for neo-vessel formation. Selective knockout of PDGF-BB in preosteoclasts attenuates subchondral bone angiogenesis and abrogates joint degeneration and subchondral innervation induced by DMM. Transgenic mice that express PDGF-BB in preosteoclasts recapitulate pathological subchondral bone angiogenesis and develop joint degeneration and subchondral innervation spontaneously. Our study provides the first evidence to our knowledge that PDGF-BB derived from preosteoclasts is a key driver of pathological subchondral bone angiogenesis during osteoarthritis development and offers a new avenue for developing early treatments for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Su
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanqiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangying Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gehua Zhen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Shadpour Demehri
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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14
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Wu H, Xu T, Chen Z, Wang Y, Li K, Chen PS, Yao Z, Su J, Cheng C, Wu X, Zhang H, Chai Y, Zhang X, Hu Y, Yu B, Cui Z. Specific inhibition of FAK signaling attenuates subchondral bone deterioration and articular cartilage degeneration during osteoarthritis pathogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8653-8666. [PMID: 32324278 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a disease of the entire joint, is characterized by abnormal bone remodeling and coalescent degradation of articular cartilage. We have previously found that elevated levels of H-type vessels in subchondral bone correlate with OA and that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is critical for H-type vessel formation in osteoporosis. However, the potential role of FAK in OA remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that the p-FAK level was dramatically elevated in subchondral bone following anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in rats. Specific inhibition of FAK signaling with Y15 in subchondral bone resulted in the suppression of subchondral bone deterioration and this effect was mediated by H-type vessel-induced ectopic bone formation. Further, articular cartilage degeneration was also alleviated after Y15 treatment. In vitro, the p-FAK level was significantly elevated in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from vehicle-treated ACLT rats as compared to that in MSCs from sham controls and Y15-treated ACLT rats. Elevated p-FAK level in MSCs promoted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, as demonstrated from the high VEGF level in the blood, subchondral bone, and conditioned medium (CM) of MSCs from vehicle-treated ACLT rats. The CM of MSCs from vehicle-treated ACLT rats might promote the angiogenesis of endothelial cells and the catabolic response of chondrocytes through the FAK-growth factor receptor-bound protein 2-mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated expression of VEGF. The effect of the CM from MSCs of Y15-treated ACLT rats or that treated with a VEGF-neutralizing antibody on vessel formation and the catabolic response was lowered. Thus, the specific inhibition of FAK signaling may be a promising avenue for the prevention or early treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangtian Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Sleep Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiqun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zilong Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianwen Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiyu Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Chai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xianrong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuang Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Mechanical alterations of the bone-cartilage unit in a rabbit model of early osteoarthrosis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 83:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Bajpayee AG, De la Vega RE, Scheu M, Varady NH, Yannatos IA, Brown LA, Krishnan Y, Fitzsimons TJ, Bhattacharya P, Frank EH, Grodzinsky AJ, Porter RM. Sustained intra-cartilage delivery of low dose dexamethasone using a cationic carrier for treatment of post traumatic osteoarthritis. Eur Cell Mater 2017; 34:341-364. [PMID: 29205258 PMCID: PMC5744663 DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v034a21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) should reach their intra-tissue target sites at optimal doses for clinical efficacy. The dense, negatively charged matrix of cartilage poses a major hindrance to the transport of potential therapeutics. In this work, electrostatic interactions were utilised to overcome this challenge and enable higher uptake, full-thickness penetration and enhanced retention of dexamethasone (Dex) inside rabbit cartilage. This was accomplished by using the positively charged glycoprotein avidin as nanocarrier, conjugated to Dex by releasable linkers. Therapeutic effects of a single intra-articular injection of low dose avidin-Dex (0.5 mg Dex) were evaluated in rabbits 3 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Immunostaining confirmed that avidin penetrated the full cartilage thickness and was retained for at least 3 weeks. Avidin-Dex suppressed injury-induced joint swelling and catabolic gene expression to a greater extent than free Dex. It also significantly improved the histological score of cell infiltration and morphogenesis within the periarticular synovium. Micro-computed tomography confirmed the reduced incidence and volume of osteophytes following avidin-Dex treatment. However, neither treatment restored the loss of cartilage stiffness following ACLT, suggesting the need for a combinational therapy with a pro-anabolic factor for enhancing matrix biosynthesis. The avidin dose used caused significant glycosaminoglycan (GAG) loss, suggesting the use of higher Dex : avidin ratios in future formulations, such that the delivered avidin dose could be much less than that shown to affect GAGs. This charge-based delivery system converted cartilage into a drug depot that could also be employed for delivery to nearby synovium, menisci and ligaments, enabling clinical translation of a variety of DMOADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika G. Bajpayee
- Departments of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Centre for Biomedical Engineering, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rodolfo E. De la Vega
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Current affiliation: Rehabilitation Medicine Research Centre, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Maximiliano Scheu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Avenida Vitacura 5951, Vitacura, Chile
| | - Nathan H. Varady
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Isabel A. Yannatos
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lennart A. Brown
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yamini Krishnan
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tomas J. Fitzsimons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Paulomi Bhattacharya
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Eliot H. Frank
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alan J. Grodzinsky
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA,Departments of Biological, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ryan M. Porter
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre (BIDMC), Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Address for correspondence: Ryan M. Porter, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 4301 W. Markham Street, Mail Slot #587, Little Rock, AR 72205, Telephone : +1 5015266990,
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Ren J, Ma J, Zhang X, Aimaiti A, Saiyiti M, Chen Y, Cao L. Diagnostic value of combined serum marker changes and quantitative MRI evaluation of cartilage volume of tibial plateau in a surgically-induced osteoarthritis dog model. J Int Med Res 2017; 45:2023-2035. [PMID: 29125013 PMCID: PMC5805226 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517730452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the combined diagnostic value of two serum osteoarthritis (OA)
markers and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the
cartilage volume of the tibial plateau in a canine model of experimental
OA. Methods A total of 18 male Beagle dogs were used in this longitudinal study. OA was
surgically induced via anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) of the
right knee in 10 dogs. The remaining eight dogs formed the sham operation
control group and underwent the same procedure without ACLT. At various
times after surgery, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure
serum C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II) and type X collagen (ColX)
levels. Quantitative evaluation of the tibial plateau volume was undertaken
using MRI and ImageJ software. Results The serum CTX-II levels were significantly higher in the OA group at weeks 8,
12 and 16 after surgery, but not at week 4, compared with the control group.
The serum ColX levels in the OA group were significantly higher than in the
control group at weeks 8 and 12. The tibial plateau cartilage volumes in the
OA group were significantly lower than in the control group at weeks 8 and
16. Conclusion Serum CTX-II and ColX levels combined with quantitative MRI evaluation of the
tibial plateau cartilage volume in a canine model of OA demonstrated the
potential to detect and monitor OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangdong Ren
- 1 Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinsai Ma
- 3 Department of Orthopaedics, Changji Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Changji, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- 1 Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Abdusami Aimaiti
- 1 Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Maimaitiming Saiyiti
- 2 Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuming Chen
- 4 Department of Pain Management, Changji Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Changji, China
| | - Li Cao
- 1 Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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18
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Chang NJ, Lee KW, Chu CJ, Shie MY, Chou PH, Lin CC, Liang PI. A Preclinical Assessment of Early Continuous Passive Motion and Treadmill Therapeutic Exercises for Generating Chondroprotective Effects After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture. Am J Sports Med 2017; 45:2284-2293. [PMID: 28520463 DOI: 10.1177/0363546517704847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a well-known risk factor for the development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). However, whether using continuous passive motion (CPM) with or without additional treadmill exercise (TRE) in early ACL injury might provide chondroprotective effects and further decrease the risk of PTOA has yet to be determined. HYPOTHESIS CPM may offer an enhanced chondroprotective effect, but TRE may attenuate that effect due to the mechanical stress on the joint and inflammatory cytokines in the joint. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Thirty adult New Zealand White male rabbits were randomly allocated to sedentary (SED), CPM, TRE, or CPM+TRE groups. Each rabbit underwent an ACL transection (ACLT) on the right knee, with the contralateral knee used as an internal control (sham). The 4 joint surfaces (ie, medial and lateral femoral condyles and tibial plateaus) were evaluated 4 weeks after surgery for gross appearance, histological characteristics, and quantitative osteoarthritis (OA) scores. RESULTS Overall, at the end of testing, the CPM group experienced the best protective therapeutic effects in all compartments. In gross appearance, CPM resulted in normal articular surfaces, while the TRE and SED groups exhibited surface abrasion. Histological analysis showed significant differences in articular cartilage status. The CPM group had significantly better histological OA scores ( P < .01), corresponding to the smoothest cartilage surface and sound chondrocyte and collagen arrangement. This group also showed abundant glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and a sound growth microenvironment, with significantly lower expression levels of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α and the apoptotic marker caspase 3. In contrast, the TRE and SED groups showed several features of damage: distinct graded cartilage abrasion; damaged collagen fibers, corresponding to noticeable collagen type X (osteoarthritic cartilage); reduced cartilage thickness; fewer cartilaginous cells; and the appearance of chondrocyte clusters. These groups also showed loss of GAG, corresponding to higher levels of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis of articular chondrocytes. Furthermore, the CPM+TRE group displayed visible pathological changes in the superficial cartilage, indicating that early loading exercise may contribute to osteoarthritis. The sham treatment showed no difference in the changes in all compartments between groups. CONCLUSION Immediate CPM therapy produces a superior in situ microenvironment for reducing the occurrence of PTOA after ACL injury without reconstruction in rabbits. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These data suggest that immediate application of CPM therapy may be necessary to create a sound microenvironment in joints and possibly to decrease the risk of PTOA without or while awaiting ACL reconstruction. In contrast, both early active loading exercise and inactivity lead to the development of PTOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Jen Chang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wei Lee
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jou Chu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-You Shie
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, North District, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsi Chou
- Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chan Lin
- Laboratory Animal Center, Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yongkang District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Peir-In Liang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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Fischenich KM, Button KD, DeCamp C, Haut RC, Donahue TLH. Comparison of two models of post-traumatic osteoarthritis; temporal degradation of articular cartilage and menisci. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:486-495. [PMID: 27129040 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare longitudinal results from two models of combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal injury. A modified ACL transection (mACLT) model and a traumatic impact (ACLF) model were used to create an ACL rupture and acute meniscal damage in a Flemish Giant animal model. The animals were euthanized at time points of 4, 8, or 12 weeks. The menisci were assessed for equilibrium and instantaneous compressive modulus, as well as glycosaminoglycan (GAG) coverage. The articular cartilage was mechanically assessed for thickness, matrix modulus, fiber modulus, and permeability. Articular cartilage GAG coverage, fissuring, tidemark integrity, and subchondral bone thickness were measured. Both models resulted in damage indicative of osteoarthritis, including decreased meniscal mechanics and GAG coverage, increased permeability and fissuring of articular cartilage, and decreased GAG coverage. The mACLT model had an early and lasting effect on the menisci mechanics and GAG coverage, while cartilage damage was not significantly affected until 12 weeks. The ACLF model resulted in an earlier change of articular cartilage GAG coverage and fissuring in both the 8 and 12 week groups. The menisci were only significantly affected at the 12 week time point in the ACLF model. We concluded the progression of post traumatic osteoarthritis was dependent on injury modality: a point to be considered in future investigations. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:486-495, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine M Fischenich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, 1374 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, 80523, Colorado.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, 1374 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, 80523, Colorado
| | - Keith D Button
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratories, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Charlie DeCamp
- Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Roger C Haut
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratories, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Tammy L Haut Donahue
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, 1374 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, 80523, Colorado.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, 1374 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, 80523, Colorado
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21
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Prasadam I, Batra J, Perry S, Gu W, Crawford R, Xiao Y. Systematic Identification, Characterization and Target Gene Analysis of microRNAs Involved in Osteoarthritis Subchondral Bone Pathogenesis. Calcif Tissue Int 2016; 99:43-55. [PMID: 26944279 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-016-0125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the microRNAs associated with sclerotic status of subchondral bone in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Total RNA was extracted from non-sclerotic and sclerotic OA subchondral bone from patients undergoing knee replacement surgeries. miRCURY™ LNA miRNA chip and qRT-PCR were used to profile and validate differential microRNA expression. In addition, we further confirmed profiles of altered miRNAs in an OA rat meniscectomy animal model and their putative targets of the miRNAs were predicted using ingenuity (IPA) software. Finally, five short-listed miRNAs were reactivated by transient in vitro overexpression (miRNA mimics) in subchondral bone osteoblasts and their phenotypes were assessed. Functional screening identified 30 differentiated miRNAs in sclerotic subchondral bone compared to non-sclerotic bone of OA patients. Data integration resulted in confirmation of the eight miRNAs, with aberrant expression in independent human OA bone sample set. In silico analysis (IPA) identified 732 mRNA transcripts as putative targets of the eight altered miRNAs, of which twenty genes were validated to be differentially expressed in sclerotic compared to non-sclerotic bone samples. Out of eight dysregulated miRNA's, five of them showed consistent time-dependent downregulation in a rat OA model. Furthermore, synthetic miR-199a-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-590-5p, and miR-211-5p mimics rescued the abnormal osteoarthritic subchondral bone osteoblast gene expression and mineralization. We have identified four novel miRNAs that play important roles in subchondral bone pathogenesis in OA. Additional studies are required to develop these miRNAs into therapeutic modalities for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Prasadam
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia.
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Samuel Perry
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Wenyi Gu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ross Crawford
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
- Orthopaedic Department, Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4059, Australia
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22
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Poulet B, Staines KA. New developments in osteoarthritis and cartilage biology. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2016; 28:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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23
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Johnson CI, Argyle DJ, Clements DN. In vitro models for the study of osteoarthritis. Vet J 2015; 209:40-9. [PMID: 26831151 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent disease of most mammalian species and is a significant cause of welfare and economic morbidity in affected individuals and populations. In vitro models of osteoarthritis are vital to advance research into the causes of the disease, and the subsequent design and testing of potential therapeutics. However, a plethora of in vitro models have been used by researchers but with no consensus on the most appropriate model. Models attempt to mimic factors and conditions which initiate OA, or dissect the pathways active in the disease. Underlying uncertainty as to the cause of OA and the different attributes of isolated cells and tissues used mean that similar models may produce differing results and can differ from the naturally occurring disease. This review article assesses a selection of the in vitro models currently used in OA research, and considers the merits of each. Particular focus is placed on the more prevalent cytokine stimulation and load-based models. A brief review of the mechanism of these models is given, with their relevance to the naturally occurring disease. Most in vitro models have used supraphysiological loads or cytokine concentrations (compared with the natural disease) in order to impart a timely response from the cells or tissue assessed. Whilst models inducing OA-like pathology with a single stimulus can answer important biological questions about the behaviour of cells and tissues, the development of combinatorial models encompassing different physiological and molecular aspects of the disease should more accurately reflect the pathogenesis of the naturally occurring disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig I Johnson
- The Roslin Institute and the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Division of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - David J Argyle
- The Roslin Institute and the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Division of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Dylan N Clements
- The Roslin Institute and the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Division of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
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24
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Emerging targets in osteoarthritis therapy. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015; 22:51-63. [PMID: 25863583 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a destructive joint disease in which the initiation may be attributed to direct injury and mechanical disruption of joint tissues, but the progressive changes are dependent on active cell-mediated processes that can be observed or inferred during the generally long time-course of the disease. Based on clinical observations and experimental studies, it is now recognized a that it is possible for individual patients to exhibit common sets of symptoms and structural abnormalities due to distinct pathophysiological pathways that act independently or in combination. Recent research that has focused on the underlying mechanisms involving biochemical cross talk among the cartilage, synovium, bone, and other joint tissues within a background of poorly characterized genetic factors will be addressed in this review.
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Fischenich KM, Button KD, Coatney GA, Fajardo RS, Leikert KM, Haut RC, Haut Donahue TL. Chronic changes in the articular cartilage and meniscus following traumatic impact to the lapine knee. J Biomech 2014; 48:246-53. [PMID: 25523754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to induce anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal damage, via a single tibiofemoral compressive impact, in order to document articular cartilage and meniscal changes post-impact. Tibiofemoral joints of Flemish Giant rabbits were subjected to a single blunt impact that ruptured the ACL and produced acute meniscal damage. Animals were allowed unrestricted cage activity for 12 weeks before euthanasia. India ink analysis of the articular cartilage revealed higher degrees of surface damage on the impacted tibias (p=0.018) and femurs (p<0.0001) compared to controls. Chronic meniscal damage was most prevalent in the medial central and medial posterior regions. Mechanical tests revealed an overall 19.4% increase in tibial plateau cartilage thickness (p=0.026), 34.8% increase in tibial plateau permeability (p=0.054), 40.8% increase in femoral condyle permeability (p=0.029), and 20.1% decrease in femoral condyle matrix modulus (p=0.012) in impacted joints compared to controls. Both instantaneous and equilibrium moduli of the lateral and medial menisci were decreased compared to control (p<0.02). Histological analyses revealed significantly increased presence of fissures in the medial femur (p=0.036). In both meniscus and cartilage there was a significant decrease in GAG coverage for the impacted limbs. Based on these results it is clear that an unattended combined meniscal and ACL injury results in significant changes to the soft tissues in this experimental joint 12 weeks post-injury. Such changes are consistent with a clinical description of mid to late stage PTOA of the knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine M Fischenich
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Keith D Button
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratories, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Garrett A Coatney
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Ryan S Fajardo
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kevin M Leikert
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratories, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Roger C Haut
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA; Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratories, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Tammy L Haut Donahue
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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He Y, Siebuhr AS, Brandt-Hansen NU, Wang J, Su D, Zheng Q, Simonsen O, Petersen KK, Arendt-Nielsen L, Eskehave T, Hoeck HC, Karsdal MA, Bay-Jensen AC. Type X collagen levels are elevated in serum from human osteoarthritis patients and associated with biomarkers of cartilage degradation and inflammation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2014; 15:309. [PMID: 25245039 PMCID: PMC4179849 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease, of which the pathogenesis is inadequately understood. Hypertrophy-like changes have been observed as part of the progression of OA. The aim of the study was to develop and characterize a novel biomarker of chondrocytes hypertrophy and investigate how this marker was associated with cartilage degradation and inflammation in patients with various degrees of OA. Methods A competitive ELISA, C-Col10, applying a well-characterized monoclonal antibody was developed as a biomarker of chondrocyte hypertrophy through measurement of type X collagen (ColX). The levels of C-Col10, C2M (matrix metalloproteinase-derived fragments of type II collagen) and hsCRP (high sensitive C-reactive protein) were quantified by ELISAs in serum of 271 OA patients stratified by Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) score 0–4. Associations between serum levels of the three biomarkers (log transformed) were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and differences in C-Col10 levels between patients with high and low levels of inflammation measured by hsCRP were analyzed by ANOVA. Results We developed a C-Col10 assay measuring the C-terminus of ColX. We found significantly higher levels of ColX in patients with KL score 2 compared to patients with no radiographic evidence of OA (KL0) (p = 0.04). Levels of ColX were significantly elevated in OA patients with above normal hsCRP levels (p < 0.0001), as well as significantly correlated with levels of C2M (r = 0.55, p < 0.0001), which suggested that chondrocyte hypertrophy was associated with inflammation and cartilage degradation. There was no correlation between C2M and hsCRP. Age and BMI adjustment didn’t change the results. Immuno-staining revealed that ColX was predominately located around the hypertrophic chondrocytes and the clustered chondrocytes indicating that C-Col10 measures may be linked to cartilage hypertrophic changes. Conclusions We developed a novel assay, C-Col10, for measurement of chondrocyte hypertrophy and found its levels significantly elevated in OA patients with KL score of 2, and also in OA patients with above normal hsCRP levels. Concentration of C-Col10 strongly correlated with levels of C2M, a marker of cartilage destruction. The data suggest that chondrocyte hypertrophy and subsequent collagen X fragmentation seem to be increased in a subset of patients with inflammatory OA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2474-15-309) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Yuan XL, Meng HY, Wang YC, Peng J, Guo QY, Wang AY, Lu SB. Bone-cartilage interface crosstalk in osteoarthritis: potential pathways and future therapeutic strategies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2014; 22:1077-89. [PMID: 24928319 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Currently, osteoarthritis (OA) is considered a disease of the entire joint, which is not simply a process of wear and tear but rather abnormal remodelling and joint failure of an organ. The bone-cartilage interface is therefore a functioning synergistic unit, with a close physical association between subchondral bone and cartilage suggesting the existence of biochemical and molecular crosstalk across the OA interface. The crosstalk at the bone-cartilage interface may be elevated in OA in vivo and in vitro. Increased vascularisation and formation of microcracks associated with abnormal bone remodelling in joints during OA facilitate molecular transport from cartilage to bone and vice versa. Recent reports suggest that several critical signalling pathways and biological factors are key regulators and activate cellular and molecular processes in crosstalk among joint compartments. Therapeutic interventions including angiogenesis inhibitors, agonists/antagonists of molecules and drugs targeting bone remodelling are potential candidates for this interaction. This review summarised the premise for the presence of crosstalk in bone-cartilage interface as well as the current knowledge of the major signalling pathways and molecular interactions that regulate OA progression. A better understanding of crosstalk in bone-cartilage interface may lead to development of more effective strategies for treating OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - H Y Meng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - Y C Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - J Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - Q Y Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
| | - A Y Wang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China.
| | - S B Lu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Fuxing 28# Road, Beijing, China
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Izumi T, Sato M, Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Saijo Y. Ultrasonic and photoacoustic imaging of knee joints in normal and osteoarthritis rats. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2014; 2013:1116-9. [PMID: 24109888 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder and estimated to cause symptoms in 20-40% of the elderly population. 532 nm laser is much absorbed in developed vascular network in the spongy bone which is one of the main characteristics of OA. In this study, a photoacoustic (PA) imaging system with 532 nm laser and 50 MHz US (ultrasound) transducer was developed. Normal and OA knee joints were observed by US and PA imaging. PA signal from the spongy bone was strong where US reflection was very weak. PA signal from the spongy bone was significantly strong in OA compared with that in normal knee while US showed similar low intensity echo in normal and OA. Detailed structure and information on vascular density of spongy bone in rat knee joint were successfully obtained with US / PA combined imaging. US / PA imaging should be useful for early diagnosis of OA.
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