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Halkai R, Ishaq SS, Halkai KR, Mahveen SU. Effect of different root canal irrigants on surface roughness and microhardness of Biodentine combined with triple antibiotic paste: An in vitro study. JOURNAL OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS 2024; 27:508-513. [PMID: 38939547 PMCID: PMC11205168 DOI: 10.4103/jcde.jcde_58_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Biodentine is widely used for endodontic applications; recently, it has been incorporated with triple antibiotic paste (TAP). The effect of endodontic irrigants on the physical characteristics of this new combination needs to be studied. Aims The aim of the study was to evaluate the surface roughness and microhardness of Biodentine incorporated with TAP subjected to various endodontic irrigants. Materials and Methods Hundred cylindrical discs (6 mm × 3 mm) were prepared by mixing the Biodentine with TAP (3:1). The specimens were subjected to different irrigating solutions for 5 min in 5 groups (n = 20): Group 1: distilled water (control), Group 2: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, Group 3: 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Group 4: 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and Group 5: 2% chitosan nanoparticles (CSNs). Half of the specimens in each group were subjected to surface roughness (n = 10) and another half to microhardness (n = 10). Surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester, and digital Vickers microhardness testing was performed on each specimen. Statistical Analysis One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's tests (P ≤ 0.05) were used. Results The highest microhardness was found with 2% CSN, whereas 2% CSN and 2% CHX had a minimal effect on the surface roughness of Biodentine incorporated with TAP (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion The root canal irrigant 2% CSN exhibited the highest microhardness and least surface roughness of modified Biodentine with TAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Halkai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburgi, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Syed Ishaq
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburgi, Karnataka, India
| | - Kiran R. Halkai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburgi, Karnataka, India
| | - Syeda Uzma Mahveen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Al-Badar Rural Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburgi, Karnataka, India
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Moon SH, Shin SJ, Oh S, Bae JM. Antibacterial Activity and Sustained Effectiveness of Calcium Silicate-Based Cement as a Root-End Filling Material against Enterococcus faecalis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6124. [PMID: 37763402 PMCID: PMC10532646 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Several calcium silicate cement (CSC) types with improved handling properties have been developed lately for root-end filling applications. While sealing ability is important, a high biocompatibility and antimicrobial effects are critical. This study aimed to conduct a comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy and sustained antibacterial effectiveness against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) of commercially available CSCs mixed with distilled water (DW) and chlorhexidine (CHX). Various products, viz., ProRoot mixed with DW (PRW) or with CHX (PRC), Endocem mixed with DW (EW) or with CHX (EC), and Endocem premixed (EP) syringe type, were used. While antibacterial activity against E. faecalis was evaluated using a direct contact method, the specimens were stored in a shaking incubator for 30 d for antibacterial sustainability. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 assay in human periodontal ligament stem cells. The antibacterial activities of EP, EW, and EC were greater than those of PRC and PRW (p < 0.05). The antibacterial sustainability of EP was the highest without cytotoxicity for up to 30 days (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the pre-mixed injectable type EP was most effective in terms of antibacterial activity and sustained antibacterial effectiveness without cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hee Moon
- Institute of Biomaterials & Implant, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan City 54538, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.M.); (S.O.)
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan City 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seong-Jin Shin
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan City 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seunghan Oh
- Institute of Biomaterials & Implant, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan City 54538, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.M.); (S.O.)
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan City 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji-Myung Bae
- Institute of Biomaterials & Implant, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan City 54538, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.M.); (S.O.)
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan City 54538, Republic of Korea;
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Evaluation of pH, Calcium Ion Release, and Dimensional Stability of an Experimental Silver Nanoparticle-Incorporated Calcium Silicate-Based Cement. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2021; 2021:3919543. [PMID: 34899885 PMCID: PMC8664530 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3919543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An experimental calcium silicate-based root-end filling material incorporated with silver nanoparticles intended for use in periapical surgeries was developed with the purpose to overcome the drawbacks of existing materials and to satisfy the ideal requirements of root-end filling materials. This study was designed to evaluate the physicochemical properties, pH, calcium ion release, and dimensional stability of the experimental cement, and compare the results with commercially available ProRoot MTA (Dentsply). An independent sample test was used to analyze the data. Mean initial pH (immediately after mixing) of the experimental cement was 10.42 ± 0.04 which was higher than that of MTA. However, there was a significant increase in pH of MTA at 1 day, 2 days, and 7 days. Presence of calcium chloride favored the release of calcium ions which was significantly increased in the experimental group at 24 hours. At the end of 30 days, MTA showed a significant expansion when compared to the experimental cement (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the experimental nanoparticle-incorporated calcium silicate-based cement showed clinically acceptable physicochemical properties.
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Öğütlü F, Karaca İ. Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Apical Surgery: A Clinical Study. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2018; 17:75-83. [PMID: 29382999 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-017-1008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endodontic treatment is usually indicated when teeth with periapical lesions are encountered. However, sometimes root canal treatment results in failure. In that case, one of the treatment choices is retreatment by an orthograde approach. Surgical endodontic therapy is also an alternative to preserve the tooth. Various techniques have been suggested in the literature which has more predictable results. The introduction of modern surgical techniques have enhanced the results of apical surgery procedures. Operating microscopes, magnifying loupes, microinstruments, ultrasonic tips, and biologically acceptable root-end filling materials (such as MTA and SuperEBA) have been introduced to this field with the modern technique, thus the success rates of modern apical surgery has increased significantly. Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes and periotest values of apical surgery treatment. Methods A total of 112 teeth were included. SuperEBA and MTA were used as root-filling materials. The recorded parameters were gender, age, location of the tooth, the presence/absence of a post, coronal restoration of the tooth, previous surgical/nonsurgical treatment of the tooth, the size of periapical lesions, histopathology of periapical lesions, smoking habits. Also the periotest values were recorded. Results The overall success rate was 88.4%. With regard to the evaluated variables, only one parameter (tooth type) was found statistically significant. Although the periotest values were decreased after 6 months compared to immediately postoperative measurements, the values were still significantly higher than preoperative measurements. Conclusion In this study, apical surgery performed with the modern instruments has significantly successful results with 88.4% success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Öğütlü
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, 82. Street 06510, Emek, Ankara Turkey
| | - İnci Karaca
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, 82. Street 06510, Emek, Ankara Turkey
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Ramezani G, Savadkouhi ST, Sayahpour S. The Effect of Chlorhexidine Mixed with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate on Bacterial Leakage of Apical Plug in Simulated Immature Teeth Using Human Fresh Saliva. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:247-251. [PMID: 29026696 PMCID: PMC5629852 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_198_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Apexification is a challenging treatment in necrotic open apices teeth and bacterial leakage is the main reason for the treatment failure. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of mixing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with chlorhexidine (CHX) on microbial leakage in apexification treatment of simulated immature teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 44 intact central incisors were selected based on inclusion criteria. The coronal and 2 mm of apical part of the specimens were removed till all root segments were 12 mm long. The apical parts of the teeth were prepared using Profile #40/0.06 (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) in the apical to coronal direction to simulate open apices. The specimens were separated into experimental groups (n = 40) and control groups (n = 4). Group 1 delivered a 5 mm apical plug by MTA/H2O and group 2 delivered an apical plug by MTA/CHX 0.12%. The positive control group had no apical barrier; on the other hand, the negative control group had an apical barrier and two layers of nail varnish on entire root surface. The microbial leakage assessment was done by a dual-chamber apparatus using fresh human saliva after 10-week follow-up. The turbidity of the lower chamber containing the Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) solution was analyzed based on the McFarland (0.5) standard which utilizes spectrophotometry results. Data analyses were done using Chi-square, Kaplan-Meier, and log-rank tests. RESULTS MTA/CHX group had lower microbial leakage percentage (P = 0.001) and longer time of leakage (P = 0.002) in compared with MTA/H2O group and the difference was statistically meaningful. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, MTA/CHX mixture can reduce the amount of bacterial leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sahar Sayahpour
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Benz K, Markovic L, Jordan RA, Novacek C, Jackowski J. In vitro evaluation of the apical seal of two different retrograde filling materials. AUST ENDOD J 2016; 43:29-33. [PMID: 27238158 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether the selection of retrograde filling material or the choice of instruments in root tip resection influences the seal of the retrograde root filling. Seventy-two single-rooted teeth were used. Root resection was performed using a Lindemann bone cutter, a Lindemann bone cutter with A-shaped cutting design or a diamond-coated bur. Retro-cavities were prepared by piezo-tips and filled with Super-EBA or MTA. Teeth were made transparent and dye penetration was assessed. Teeth filled with MTA, irrespective of the resection instrument, showed no measurable dye penetration. All groups filled with Super-EBA showed an apical leakage. There were no significant differences between the three groups filled with Super-EBA (P = 0.09). The comparison of MTA versus Super-EBA showed significant superiority in apical seal in favour of MTA (P < 0.0001). To use MTA as a retrograde filling material showed superior results in terms of the tightness of the apical seal as compared to Super-EBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korbinian Benz
- Department of Health, Department of Oral Surgery and Policlinical Ambulance, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Ljubisa Markovic
- Department of Health, Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - R A Jordan
- Department I: Epidemiology and Delivery of Health Care Services, Institute of German Dentists, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Jochen Jackowski
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Surgery and Policlinical Ambulance, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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Nikhil V, Jha P, Suri NK. Effect of methods of evaluation on sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate apical plug. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:231-4. [PMID: 27217635 PMCID: PMC4872576 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.181938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare the sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with three different methods. Materials and Methods: Forty single canal teeth were decoronated, and root canals were enlarged to simulate immature apex. The samples were randomly divided into Group MD = MTA-angelus mixed with distilled water and Group MC = MTA-angelus mixed with 2% chlorhexidine, and apical seal was recorded with glucose penetration method, fluid filtration method, and dye penetration methods and compared. Results: The three methods of evaluation resulted differently. The glucose penetration method showed that MD sealed better than MC, but difference was statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). The fluid filtration method resulted that Group MC was statistically insignificant superior to Group MD (P > 0.05). The dye penetration method showed that Group MC sealed statistically better than Group MD. Conclusion: No correlation was found among the results obtained with the three methods of evaluation. Addition of chlorhexidine enhanced the sealing ability of MTA according to the fluid filtration test and dye leakage while according to the glucose penetration test, chlorhexidine did not enhance the sealing ability of MTA. This study showed that relying on the results of apical sealing by only method can be misleading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Nikhil
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Padmanabh Jha
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Navleen Kaur Suri
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Jain A, Ponnappa KC, Yadav P, Rao Y, Relhan N, Gupta P, Choubey A, Bhardwaj S. Comparison of the Root End Sealing Ability of Four Different Retrograde Filling Materials in Teeth with Root Apices Resected at Different Angles - An Invitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC14-7. [PMID: 26894168 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/15437.7042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Insufficient apical seal is the significant reason for surgical endodontic disappointment. The root-end filling material utilized should avoid egress of potential contaminants into periapical tissue. AIM The aim of this study was to compare the sealing ability of four root-end filling materials MTA, Portland cement, IRM, RMGIC in teeth with root apices resected at 0 and 45 angle using dye penetration method under fluorescent microscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hundred extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were sectioned horizontally at the cement-enamel junction. After cleaning, shaping and obturation with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer, the tooth samples were randomly divided in two groups (the root apices resected at 0° and 45° to the long axis of the root). The root resections were carried out by removing 2 mm and 1 mm in both the groups. Following which 3 mm deep root-end cavities were prepared at the apices and the root were coated with nail varnish except the tip. The teeth in both the group were randomly divided into four subgroups each (Pro root MTA, Portland cement, IRM and Light cure nano GIC Ketac N-100). All the retrofilled samples were stored in acrydine orange for 24 hours after which they were cleaned and vertically sectioned buccolingually. The sectioned root samples were observed under fluorescent microscope. RESULTS The root apex sealing ability of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) was superior to Portland cement, Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM) and LC GIC. IRM demonstrated the maximum apical leakage value among all the materials. Portland cement and LC GIC showed comparable sealing ability. CONCLUSION The angulation whether 0° or 45° angle did not affect the sealing ability of all the four materials used, MTA proved to be one of the superior materials for root-end filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Jain
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre , Gwalior, India
| | - K C Ponnappa
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences . Virajpet, Coorg, Karnataka, India
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Resident, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences , New Delhi, India
| | - Yogesh Rao
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre , Gwalior, India
| | - Nikhil Relhan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Dentistry, U.P. RIMS and R, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics. Pacific Dental College and Hospital , Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre , Gwalior, India
| | - Ashish Choubey
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre , Gwalior, India
| | - Shivanshu Bhardwaj
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre , Gwalior, India
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Rodriguez LC, Palmer K, Montagner F, Rodrigues DC. A novel chlorhexidine-releasing composite bone cement: Characterization of antimicrobial effectiveness and cement strength. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911514566130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The addition of calcium phosphate fillers or antimicrobials to bone cements seems to produce inferior materials. In this study, a two-solution bone cement composite was designed for high viscosity and high pseudoplasticity to improve injection and mitigate the risk of extravasation. By pre-mixing these cements, the fillers are incorporated into the matrix and should not detrimentally affect the performance properties. To expand the functionality of this cement system, the addition of bioactive and antimicrobial phases were explored. Brushite and chlorhexidine were used as calcium phosphate filler and the antimicrobial phase, respectively. By controlling the free radical quenching mechanism provided by the chlorhexidine molecule, it was possible to achieve high polymer conversion rates. This phenomenon led to cement strength retention while successfully preventing microbial proliferation in an environment exposed to the cement surface. Based on these results, two-solution cement composite prepared with high concentrations of brushite and chlorhexidine diacetate salt hydrate may provide an attractive bioactive and antimicrobial cement for load-bearing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas C Rodriguez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Kelli Palmer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Francisco Montagner
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Danieli C Rodrigues
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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Arruda RAA, Cunha RS, Miguita KB, Silveira CFM, De Martin AS, Pinheiro SL, Rocha DGP, Bueno CES. Sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) combined with distilled water, chlorhexidine, and doxycycline. J Oral Sci 2013; 54:233-9. [PMID: 23047034 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.54.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA Bio) combined with different mixing agents (distilled water, chlorhexidine, doxycycline), used as an apical root-end filling material. Forty-two extracted human teeth were divided into three groups (n = 12); six teeth were used as controls. Root-ends were resected at 90 degrees, 3 mm from the apex. Root-end cavities were prepared using ultrasonic tips and filled with MTA Bio plus distilled water, 2% chlorhexidine solution, or 10% doxycycline solution. Apical sealing was assessed by microleakage of 50% silver nitrate solution. Roots were longitudinally sectioned in a buccolingual plane and analyzed using an operating microscope (20× magnification). Depth of dye leakage into the dentinal walls was measured in millimeters. Results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (P = 0.05). MTA Bio plus distilled water showed significantly higher mean leakage results (1.06 mm) when compared with MTA Bio plus doxycycline (0.61 mm), and higher, although not significant, results when compared with MTA Bio plus chlorhexidine (0.79 mm). In conclusion, replacing distilled water with two biologically active mixing agents (doxycycline and chlorhexidine) did not alter the sealing properties of MTABio. The antimicrobial properties of these combinations should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta A A Arruda
- Department of Endodontics, São Leopoldo Mandic School of Dentistry and Dental Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Salem Milani A, Rahimi S, Froughreyhani M, Vahid Pakdel M. Effect of Blood Contamination on Marginal Adaptation and Surface Microstructure of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A SEM Study. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2013; 7:157-63. [PMID: 24082987 PMCID: PMC3779375 DOI: 10.5681/joddd.2013.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims In various clinical situations, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) may come into direct contact or even be mixed with blood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to blood on marginal adaptation and surface microstructure of MTA.
Materials and methods Thirty extracted human single-rooted teeth were used. Standard root canal treatment was carried out. Root-ends were resected, and retrocavities were prepared. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15): in group 1, the internal surface of the cavities was coated with fresh blood. Then, the cavities were filled with MTA. The roots were immersed in molds containing fresh blood. In group 2, the aforementioned procedures were performed except that synthetic tissue fluid (STF) was used instead of blood. To assess the marginal adaptation, “gap perimeter” and “maximum gap width” were measured under scanning electron microscope. The surface microstructure was also examined. Independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data.
Results Maximum gap width and gap perimeter in the blood-exposed group were significantly larger than those in the STF-exposed group (p < 0.01). In the blood-exposed group, the crystals tended to be more rounded and less angular compared with the STF-exposed group, and there was a general lack of needle-like crystals.
Conclusion Exposure to blood during setting has a negative effect on marginal adaptation of MTA, and blood-exposed MTA has a different surface microstructure compared to STF-exposed MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Salem Milani
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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12
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Lotfi M, Vosoughhosseini S, Saghiri MA, Rahimi S, Zand V, Reyhani MF, Samiei M, Ghasemi N, Mehrvarzfar P, Azimi S, Shokohinejad N. Effect of Synthetic Tissue Fluid on Microleakage of Grey and White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as Root-End Filling Materials: An in vitro study. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2012; 12:323-9. [PMID: 22912925 DOI: 10.12816/0003146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The success of endodontic surgery has been shown to depend partly on the apical seal. Grey mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA) produces hydroxyapatite twice as often as white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) when suspended in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the microleakage phenomenon of gray and white mineral trioxide aggregates as root-end filling materials after immersion in synthetic tissue fluid (STF). METHODS 55 single-rooted extracted maxillary anterior human teeth were divided into two experimental groups of 20 teeth each, plus 3 groups of 5 teeth each as two negative and one positive control groups. The root canals were cleaned, shaped, and laterally compacted with gutta-percha. The root ends were resected and 3 mm deep cavities were prepared. The root-end preparations were filled with GMTA or WMTA in the experimental groups. Leakage was determined using a dye penetration method. Data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS The mean dye leakage was 0.40 ± 0.1 mm for GMTA and 0.50±0.1 mm for WMTA groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two experimental groups (P = 0.14). CONCLUSION Despite the different properties and behaviours of GMTA and WMTA in STF, there were no significant differences in microleakage when using GMTA or WMTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Lotfi
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nano Technology, Tabriz University (Medical Sciences), Tabriz, Iran
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Pereda GO, Fudinaga ACC, Beltrán HS, Peroni LA, Stach-Machado D. Inflammatory and bone regulators expression in murine macrophages under exposure of commercial and experimental mineral trioxide aggregate. Aust Dent J 2012; 57:284-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2012.01701.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Effects of Various Mixing Techniques on Push-out Bond Strengths of White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. J Endod 2012; 38:501-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 12/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Kqiku L, Ebeleseder KA, Glockner K. Treatment of invasive cervical resorption with sandwich technique using mineral trioxide aggregate: a case report. Oper Dent 2011; 37:98-106. [PMID: 21942289 DOI: 10.2341/11-143-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This article presents two cases of large invasive cervical resorption (ICR) with maintenance of pulp vitality after treatment with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in a sandwich technique.Invasive cervical resorption is a relatively uncommon but aggressive form of external resorption, primarily caused by dental trauma or injury of the cervical periodontal attachment. The resorptive process does not penetrate into the root canal, and the pulp is not involved in the first phase of the resorption. This feature differentiates external resorption from internal resorption. In most cases, invasive cervical resorption is found during routine radiographic or clinical examination. Different materials have been proposed for the treatment of external cervical resorption. Therapy can be effective when it 1) removes the etiological factors and 2) interrupts the progressive resorption mechanism.The key learning points of this article are the following: treatment strategy to arrest the cervical resorption process and to prevent further resorption without changing pulpal vitality and successful seal of invasive cervical resorption defect using MTA with a sandwich technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kqiku
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University, Graz, Austria.
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Darvell BW, Wu RCT. "MTA"-an Hydraulic Silicate Cement: review update and setting reaction. Dent Mater 2011; 27:407-22. [PMID: 21353694 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the current status and understanding of Portland cement-like endodontic materials commonly referred to by the trade designation "MTA" (alias "Mineral Trioxide Aggregate"), and to present an outline setting reaction scheme, hitherto unattempted. METHOD The literature was searched using on-line tools, overlapping an earlier substantial review to pick up any omissions, including that in respect of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), with which MTA shares much. The search was conducted for the period January 2005 to December 2009 using 'MTA', 'GMTA', 'WMTA', and 'mineral AND trioxide AND aggregate' as keywords, with various on-line search engines including ScienceDirect (http://www.sciencedirect.com), SAGE Journals Online (http://online.sagepub.com), Wiley Online Library (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com), SciELO Scientific electronic library online (http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php), JSTOR (http://www.jstor.org), and Scopus (http://www.scopus.com). References of articles found were cross-checked where appropriate for missed publications. Manufacturers' and related websites were searched with Google Search (http://www.google.com.hk). RESULTS A generic name for this class of materials, Hydraulic Silicate Cement (HSC), is proposed, and an outline reaction scheme has been deduced. HSC has distinct advantages apparent, including sealing, sterilizing, mineralizing, dentinogenic and osteogenic capacities, which research continues to demonstrate. However, ad hoc modifications have little supporting justification. SIGNIFICANCE While HSC has a definite place in dentistry, with few of the drawbacks associated with other materials, some improvements in handling and other properties are highly desirable, as are studies of the mechanisms of the several beneficial physiological effects. Reference to the extensive, but complex, literature on OPC may provide the necessary insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Darvell
- Bioclinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Health Sciences Centre, PO Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
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Shahi S, Yavari HR, Rahimi S, Eskandarinezhad M, Shakouei S, Unchi M. Comparison of the sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement used as root-end filling materials. J Oral Sci 2011; 53:517-22. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.53.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Shahi S, Rahimi S, Yavari HR, Mokhtari H, Roshangar L, Abasi MM, Sattari S, Abdolrahimi M. Effect of mineral trioxide aggregates and Portland cements on inflammatory cells. J Endod 2010; 36:899-903. [PMID: 20416442 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2009] [Revised: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, some studies have compared mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with Portland cements, concluding that the principal ingredients of Portland cements are similar to those of MTA. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of gray MTA, white MTA, and gray and white Portland cements on inflammatory cells in rats. METHODS Fresh mixtures mixed with distilled water were placed in polyethylene tubes, which were implanted in the dorsal subcutaneous connective tissue of 60 Sprague-Dawley rats along with empty tubes as controls. Tissue specimens were collected after the rats were sacrificed after 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days. The specimens were fixed, stained, processed, and histologically evaluated under a light microscope. Inflammatory reactions were classified as grade 0: without inflammatory cells, grade I: sporadic infiltration of inflammatory cells, grade II: moderate infiltration (<25 cells), grade III: dense and severe infiltration (25-125 cells), and grade IV: very dense and severe infiltration (>125 cells). Data were analyzed with the nonparametric (two factor) analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis H-test. RESULTS All the groups showed grade III inflammation after 7 and 15 days; there was a decrease in the inflammatory process after 30, 60, and 90 days. After 90 days, gray MTA, white MTA, and control groups had grade 0 inflammatory process, but gray Portland cement and white Portland cement groups showed grade 0 to grade I inflammatory processes. CONCLUSION MTAs were more biocompatible; however, more studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Shahi
- Department of Endodontics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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A Novel Accelerator for Improving the Handling Properties of Dental Filling Materials. J Endod 2009; 35:1292-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2009.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shahi S, Rahimi S, Hasan M, Shiezadeh V, Abdolrahimi M. Sealing ability of mineral trioxide aggregate and Portland cement for furcal perforation repair: a protein leakage study. J Oral Sci 2009; 51:601-6. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.51.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Parirokh M, Askarifard S, Mansouri S, Haghdoost AA, Raoof M, Torabinejad M. Effect of phosphate buffer saline on coronal leakage of mineral trioxide aggregate. J Oral Sci 2009; 51:187-91. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.51.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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