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Wittenberg E, Goldsmith JV, Chen C(K, Prince-Paul M. A conceptual model of the nurse's role as primary palliative care provider in goals of care communication. PEC INNOVATION 2024; 4:100254. [PMID: 38298557 PMCID: PMC10828588 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective Nurses have opportunities to engage in goals of care conversations that can promote palliative care communication. The purpose of this study was to describe nurses' experiences in goals of care communication as summarized in the literature and to present a conceptual model of communication pathways for nurses. Methods An integrative review of the literature (2016-2022) addressing nurses' experiences in goals of care communication was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychInfo databases. A total of 92 articles were retrieved. A total of 12 articles were included for this review after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Of the 12 articles, the majority were qualitative studies (n = 8). Qualitative analysis of findings from all articles revealed three dominant themes: nurses' ambiguous role responsibilities, goals of care as end-of-life communication, and the need for nurse communication training. Conclusion This article suggests an innovative conceptual model for advancing nurse communication about goals of care to facilitate primary palliative care. Innovation The framework characterizes two communication pathways for Advanced Practice Nurses who direct goals of care discussions and Registered Nurses who support goals of care communication. The model informs future communication training aimed at supporting primary palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Wittenberg
- From California State University Los Angeles, Department of Communication Studies, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joy V. Goldsmith
- From University of Memphis, Department of Communication and Film, Memphis, TN, USA
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Murakami N, Reich AJ, He K, Gelfand SL, Leiter RE, Sciacca K, Adler JT, Lu E, Ong SC, Concepcion BP, Singh N, Murad H, Anand P, Ramer SJ, Dadhania DM, Lentine KL, Lakin JR, Alhamad T. Kidney Transplant Clinicians' Perceptions of Palliative Care for Patients With Failing Allografts in the US: A Mixed Methods Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2024; 83:173-182.e1. [PMID: 37726050 PMCID: PMC11360225 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Kidney transplant patients with failing allografts have a physical and psychological symptom burden as well as high morbidity and mortality. Palliative care is underutilized in this vulnerable population. We described kidney transplant clinicians' perceptions of palliative care to delineate their perceived barriers to and facilitators of providing palliative care to this population. STUDY DESIGN National explanatory sequential mixed methods study including an online survey and semistructured interviews. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS Kidney transplant clinicians in the United States surveyed and interviewed from October 2021 to March 2022. ANALYTICAL APPROACH Descriptive summary of survey responses, thematic analysis of qualitative interviews, and mixed methods integration of data. RESULTS A total of 149 clinicians completed the survey, and 19 completed the subsequent interviews. Over 90% of respondents agreed that palliative care can be helpful for patients with a failing kidney allograft. However, 46% of respondents disagreed that all patients with failing allografts benefit from palliative care, and two-thirds thought that patients would not want serious illness conversations. More than 90% of clinicians expressed concern that transplant patients and caregivers would feel scared or anxious if offered palliative care. The interviews identified three main themes: (1) transplant clinicians' unique sense of personal and professional responsibility was a barrier to palliative care engagement, (2) clinicians' uncertainty regarding the timing of palliative care collaboration would lead to delayed referral, and (3) clinicians felt challenged by factors related to patients' cultural backgrounds and identities, such as language differences. Many comments reflected an unfamiliarity with the broad scope of palliative care beyond end-of-life care. LIMITATIONS Potential selection bias. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that multiple barriers related to patients, clinicians, health systems, and health policies may pose challenges to the delivery of palliative care for patients with failing kidney transplants. This study illustrates the urgent need for ongoing efforts to optimize palliative care delivery models dedicated to kidney transplant patients, their families, and the clinicians who serve them. PLAIN-LANGUAGE SUMMARY Kidney transplant patients experience physical and psychological suffering in the context of their illnesses that may be amenable to palliative care. However, palliative care is often underutilized in this population. In this mixed-methods study, we surveyed 149 clinicians across the United States, and 19 of them completed semistructured interviews. Our study results demonstrate that several patient, clinician, system, and policy factors need to be addressed to improve palliative care delivery to this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoka Murakami
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda J Reich
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine He
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samantha L Gelfand
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard E Leiter
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kate Sciacca
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joel T Adler
- Department of Surgery, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Emily Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Song C Ong
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Beatrice P Concepcion
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Neeraj Singh
- Willis Knighton Health System, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Haris Murad
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Prince Anand
- Medical University of South Carolina, Greenville, South Carolina
| | | | | | - Krista L Lentine
- Saint Louis University Transplant Center, SSM-Saint Louis University Hospital, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Joshua R Lakin
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Tarek Alhamad
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.
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Reif MM, Secunda KE, Clapp JT, Viglianti EM, Mylvaganam R, Peliska M, Holl JL, Kruser JM. The Duality of "Goals of Care" Language: A Qualitative Focus Group Study With Frontline Clinicians. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 66:e658-e665. [PMID: 37597589 PMCID: PMC10845157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The phrase "goals of care" (GOC) is common in serious illness care, yet it lacks clarity and consistency. Understanding how GOC is used across healthcare contexts is an opportunity to identify and mitigate root causes of serious illness miscommunication. OBJECTIVES We sought to characterize frontline palliative and critical care clinicians' understanding and use of the phrase GOC in clinical practice. METHODS We conducted a secondary qualitative thematic analysis of focus group transcripts (n = 10), gathered as part of a parent study of care delivery for patients with respiratory failure. Participants (n = 59) were members of the palliative and critical care interprofessional teams at two academic medical centers. RESULTS Clinicians primarily use GOC as a shorthand signal among team members to indicate a patient is nearing the end of life. This signal can also indicate conflict with patients and families when clinicians' expectations-typically an expected "transition" toward a different type of care-are not met. Clinicians distinguish their clinical use of GOC from an "ideal" meaning of the phrase, which is broader than end of life and focused on patients' values. Palliative care specialists encourage other clinicians to shift toward the "ideal" GOC concept in clinical practice. CONCLUSION Frontline palliative and critical care clinicians understand a duality in GOC, as an idealized concept and as an expeditious signal for clinical care. Our findings suggest ambiguous phrases like GOC persist because of unmet needs for better ways to discuss and address diverse and complex priorities for patients with serious illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaella M Reif
- Department of Medicine (M.M.R., M.P.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Katharine E Secunda
- Department of Medicine (K.E.S.), Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Justin T Clapp
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care (J.T.C.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Viglianti
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (E.M.V.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Veterans Affairs Center for Clinical Management Research (E.M.V.), HSR&D Center for Innovation, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ruben Mylvaganam
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care (R.M.), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Peliska
- Department of Medicine (M.M.R., M.P.), University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jane L Holl
- Department of Neurology, Biological Sciences Division (J.L.H.), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Kruser
- Department of Medicine (J.M.K.), Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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Borenko C, Simon J, Myers J, Diedrich K, Stajduhar K, Cash C, Wikjord N, Cory S, Schock B. Evolution and current state of Advance Care Planning in Canada. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR EVIDENZ, FORTBILDUNG UND QUALITAT IM GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2023; 180:36-42. [PMID: 37537087 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Canada is one of the early pioneers of Advance Care Planning concepts, processes, programs and initiatives. The evolution of national messages, models and frameworks is shaped by our publicly funded healthcare system and culturally diverse populations. Our Pan-Canadian Community Framework highlights the importance of individuals, those that matter to them, communities, organizations, and healthcare professionals collaborating, integrating, sharing, and building upon each other's strengths and successes. This framework describes Canada's priority actions at national, provincial and local levels. Our collective vision is for Advance Care Planning to be a part of the life journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cari Borenko
- Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Jessica Simon
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeff Myers
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karine Diedrich
- Canadian Hospice Palliative Care Association, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelli Stajduhar
- School of Nursing and Institute on Aging & Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Colleen Cash
- Nova Scotia Hospice Palliative Care Association, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Nicole Wikjord
- First Nations Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shelly Cory
- Canadian Virtual Hospice, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Bren Schock
- Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Reich AJ, Reich JA, Mathew P. Advance Care Planning, Shared Decision Making, and Serious Illness Conversations in Onconephrology. Semin Nephrol 2023; 42:151349. [PMID: 37121171 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2023.151349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Advance care planning, shared decision making, and serious illness conversations are communication processes designed to promote patient-centered care. In onconephrology, patients face a series of complex medical decisions regarding their care at the intersection of oncology and nephrology. Clinicians who aim to ensure that patient preferences and values are integrated into treatment planning must work within a similarly complex care team comprising multiple disciplines. In this review, we describe key decision points in a patient's care trajectory, as well as guidance on how and when to engage in advance care planning, shared decision making, and serious illness discussions. Further research on these processes in the complex context of onconephrology is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Jane Reich
- Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - John Adam Reich
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Paul Mathew
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
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