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Wang M, Chen X, Hamid Y, Yang X. Evaluating the Response of the Soil Bacterial Community and Lettuce Growth in a Fluorine and Cadmium Co-Contaminated Yellow Soil. TOXICS 2024; 12:459. [PMID: 39058111 PMCID: PMC11280846 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The impact of cadmium (Cd) and fluorine (F) on plant and human health has provoked significant public concern; however, their combined effects on plant and soil bacterial communities have yet to be determined. Here, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of exogenous F, Cd, and their combination (FCd) on lettuce growth and soil bacterial communities. The results revealed that F and Cd concentrations in lettuce ranged from 63.69 to 219.45 mg kg-1 and 1.85 to 33.08 mg kg-1, respectively, presenting lower values in shoots than in the roots. Moreover, low contamination levels had no discernable influence on lettuce growth, but showed a synergistic negative on plant biomass when exogenous F and Cd exceeds 300 and 1.0 mg kg-1, respectively. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the most abundant bacterial community at the phylum level was Proteobacteria, with the relative abundance ranging from 33.42% to 44.10% across all the treatments. The contaminants had little effect on bacterial richness but impacted the structure of bacterial communities. The PCoA showed that compartment and contaminants were the primary contributors to the largest source of community variation, while the VPA indicated that F and Cd synergistically affected the bacterial communities. In turn, lettuce plants could enhance the resistance to the combined stress by increasing the relative abundance of Oxyphotobacteria, Subgroup 6, Thermoleophilia, and TK10 classes in the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- School of China Alcoholic Drinks, Luzhou Vocational and Technical College, Luzhou 646000, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiangxiang Chen
- School of China Alcoholic Drinks, Luzhou Vocational and Technical College, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Kamiński J, Stachelska-Wierzchowska A, Michalczyk DJ, Klimkowicz-Pawlas A, Olkowska E, Wolska L, Piotrowicz-Cieślak AI. Changes in Metabolism and Content of Chlorophyll in Common Duckweed ( Lemna minor L.) Caused by Environmental Contamination with Fluorides. Molecules 2024; 29:2336. [PMID: 38792197 PMCID: PMC11123691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of fluorine on plants remains poorly understood. We examined duckweed growth in extracts of soil contaminated with fluorine leached from chicken manure. Additionally, fluorine levels were analyzed in fresh manure, outdoor-stored manure, and soil samples at varying distances from the manure pile. Fresh manure contained 37-48 mg F- × kg-1, while soil extracts contained 2.1 to 4.9 mg F- × kg-1. We evaluated the physiological effects of fluorine on duckweed cultured on soil extracts or in 50% Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with fluorine concentrations matching those in soil samples (2.1 to 4.9 mg F- × L-1), as well as at 0, 4, and 210 mg × L-1. Duckweed exposed to fluorine displayed similar toxicity symptoms whether in soil extracts or supplemented medium. Fluoride at concentrations of 2.1 to 4.9 mg F- × L-1 reduced the intact chlorophyll content, binding the porphyrin ring at position 32 without affecting Mg2+. This reaction resulted in chlorophyll a absorption peak shifted towards shorter wavelengths and formation of a new band of the F--chlorophyll a complex at λ = 421 nm. Moreover, plants exposed to low concentrations of fluorine exhibited increased activities of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and chlorophyllase, whereas the activities of both enzymes sharply declined when the fluoride concentration exceeded 4.9 mg × L-1. Consequently, fluorine damages chlorophyll a, disrupts the activity of chlorophyll-metabolizing enzymes, and diminishes the plant growth rate, even when the effects of these disruptions are too subtle to be discerned by the naked human eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kamiński
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Str. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland (D.J.M.)
| | | | - Dariusz J. Michalczyk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Str. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland (D.J.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Klimkowicz-Pawlas
- Department of Soil Science Erosion and Land Protection, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland;
| | - Ewa Olkowska
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa Str. 23A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland; (E.O.); (L.W.)
| | - Lidia Wolska
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa Str. 23A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland; (E.O.); (L.W.)
| | - Agnieszka I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego Str. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland (D.J.M.)
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Wang M, Chen Z, Chen D, Liu L, Hamid Y, Zhang S, Shan A, Kang KJ, Feng Y, Yang X. Combined cadmium and fluorine inhibit lettuce growth through reducing root elongation, photosynthesis, and nutrient absorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:91255-91267. [PMID: 35882734 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and fluorine (F) often coexist in environment and are toxic to organisms; however, their combined effects on plants are still not well documented. In this study, the co-effects of Cd and F on germination, biomass, photosynthesis, and nutrients uptake of lettuce were carried out in hydroponic culture. The results showed that the seed germination and seedling biomass decreased with an increase in Cd and F supplementation. The root morphology verified these effects as excess combined Cd and F diminished the root tips and surface area of lettuce, while single Cd and F inhibited the growth by decreasing root length and average diameter, respectively. These effects were also consistence with a reduction in photosynthesis which was mainly regulated by reducing the quantum yield of PS II, electron transport activity, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and transpiration rate in response to the pollutants. Moreover, when lettuce exposed to Cd and F stress, the accumulation of several essential elements in shoot decreased. In a sum, the synergistic negative effects of Cd and F on the seed germination and seedling growth of lettuce were observed, and these might be owed to nutrient absorption and translocation in the plant. These findings aid in understanding the harmful effects and specific mechanisms of action of Cd and F on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Anqi Shan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kyong Ju Kang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Gan Y, Kou Y, Yan F, Wang X, Wang H, Song X, Zhang M, Zhao X, Jia R, Ge H, Yang S. Comparative Transcriptome Profiling Analysis Reveals the Adaptive Molecular Mechanism of Yellow-Green Leaf in Rosa beggeriana 'Aurea'. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:845662. [PMID: 35401615 PMCID: PMC8987444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.845662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Rosa beggeriana 'Aurea' is a yellow-green leaf (yl) mutant and originated from Rosa beggeriana Schrenk by 60Co-γ irradiation, which is an important ornamental woody species. However, the molecular mechanism of the yl mutant remains unknown. Herein, comparative transcriptome profiling was performed between the yl type and normal green color type (WT) by RNA sequencing. A total of 3,372 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, consisting of 1,585 upregulated genes and 1,787 downregulated genes. Genes that took part in metabolic of biological process (1,090), membrane of cellular component (728), catalytic (1,114), and binding of molecular function (840) were significantly different in transcription level. DEGs involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, carotenoids biosynthesis, cutin, suberine, wax biosynthesis, photosynthesis, chloroplast development, photosynthesis-antenna proteins, photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) components, CO2 fixation, ribosomal structure, and biogenesis related genes were downregulated. Meanwhile, linoleic acid metabolism, siroheme biosynthesis, and carbon source of pigments biosynthesis through methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathways were upregulated. Moreover, a total of 147 putative transcription factors were signification different expression, involving NAC, WRKY, bHLH, MYB and AP2/ERF, C2H2, GRAS, and bZIP family gene. Our results showed that the disturbed pigments biosynthesis result in yl color by altering the ratio of chlorophylls and carotenoids in yl mutants. The yl mutants may evoke other metabolic pathways to compensate for the photodamage caused by the insufficient structure and function of chloroplasts, such as enhanced MEP pathways and linoleic acid metabolism against oxidative stress. This research can provide a reference for the application of leaf color mutants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gan
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaping Kou
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yan
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongqian Wang
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangshang Song
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhang
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruidong Jia
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Ge
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- National Center of China for Flowers Improvement, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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