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Jardim-Messeder D, Caverzan A, Bastos GA, Galhego V, Souza-Vieira YD, Lazzarotto F, Felix-Mendes E, Lavaquial L, Nicomedes Junior J, Margis-Pinheiro M, Sachetto-Martins G. Genome-wide, evolutionary, and functional analyses of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) family in Poaceae species. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 46:e20220153. [PMID: 36512713 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidases (APXs) are heme peroxidases involved in the control of hydrogen peroxide levels and signal transduction pathways related to development and stress responses. Here, a total of 238 APX, 30 APX-related (APX-R), and 34 APX-like (APX-L) genes were identified from 24 species from the Poaceae family. Phylogenetic analysis of APX indicated five distinct clades, equivalent to cytosolic (cAPX), peroxisomal (pAPX), mitochondrial (mitAPX), stromal (sAPX), and thylakoidal (tAPX) isoforms. Duplication events contributed to the expansion of this family and the divergence times. Different from other APX isoforms, the emergence of Poaceae mitAPXs occurred independently after eudicot and monocot divergence. Our results showed that the constitutive silencing of mitAPX genes is not viable in rice plants, suggesting that these isoforms are essential for rice regeneration or development. We also obtained rice plants silenced individually to sAPX isoforms, demonstrating that, different to plants double silenced to both sAPX and tAPX or single silenced to tAPX previously obtained, these plants do not show changes in the total APX activity and hydrogen peroxide content in the shoot. Among rice plants silenced to different isoforms, plants silenced to cAPX showed a higher decrease in total APX activity and an increase in hydrogen peroxide levels. These results suggest that the cAPXs are the main isoforms responsible for regulating hydrogen peroxide levels in the cell, whereas in the chloroplast, this role is provided mainly by the tAPX isoform. In addition to broadening our understanding of the core components of the antioxidant defense in Poaceae species, the present study also provides a platform for their functional characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Jardim-Messeder
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Genética, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andreia Caverzan
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Afonso Bastos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Genética, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Galhego
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Genética, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ygor de Souza-Vieira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Genética, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lazzarotto
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Esther Felix-Mendes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Genética, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucas Lavaquial
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Genética, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Nicomedes Junior
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Genética, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Márcia Margis-Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Centro de Biotecnologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Jardim-Messeder D, Zamocky M, Sachetto-Martins G, Margis-Pinheiro M. Chloroplastic ascorbate peroxidases targeted to stroma or thylakoid membrane: The chicken or egg dilemma. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2989-3004. [PMID: 35776057 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidases (APXs) are heme peroxidases that remove hydrogen peroxide in different subcellular compartments with concomitant ascorbate cycling. Here, we analysed and discussed phylogenetic and molecular features of the APX family. Ancient APX originated as a soluble stromal enzyme, and early during plant evolution, acquired both chloroplast-targeting and mitochondrion-targeting sequences and an alternative splicing mechanism whereby it could be expressed as a soluble or thylakoid membrane-bound enzyme. Later, independent duplication and neofunctionalization events in some angiosperm groups resulted in individual genes encoding stromal, thylakoidal and mitochondrial isoforms. These data reaffirm the complexity of plant antioxidant defenses that allow diverse plant species to acquire new means to adapt to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Jardim-Messeder
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcel Zamocky
- Laboratory of Phylogenomic Ecology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Márcia Margis-Pinheiro
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Exogenous ABA Enhances the Antioxidant Defense System of Maize by Regulating the AsA-GSH Cycle under Drought Stress. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14053071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
When drought occurs during the maize-filling period, the probability of yield decline increases. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a regulatory role in physiological and metabolic activities during plant development. However, its effect on the antioxidant system of maize leaves during the grain-filling stage is unclear. Maize plants (Zhengdan958) were used as an experimental material, and ABA was sprayed on the leaves during the grain-filling stage. The plants were placed under drought conditions to analyze the relationship between the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) removal. Exogenous ABA significantly reduced the malondialdehyde content, relative electrolyte leakage, and H2O2 under drought stress. This is similar to the exogenous ABA effect on the AsA-GSH cycle. Exogenous ABA upregulated the transcription of related genes and alleviated the inhibition of drought stress on the monodehydroascorbate reductase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities, thereby further increasing the ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities. It contributed to an increase in the AsA and GSH levels and inhibited the decrease in the AsA/dehydroascorbic acid and GSH/oxidized glutathione ratios. Therefore, exogenous ABA plays an important role in improving the antioxidant capacity and drought resistance physiology of maize by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and stabilizing the AsA and GSH redox state.
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Zhang Y, Yang L, Zhang M, Yang J, Cui J, Hu H, Xu J. CfAPX, a cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase gene from Cryptomeria fortunei, confers tolerance to abiotic stress in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 172:167-179. [PMID: 35091196 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants subjected to biotic or abiotic stresses produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS). If ROS cannot be cleared in time, they cause a series of harmful reactions in plants. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a key enzyme that removes ROS from plant cells and plays a vital role in plant stress resistance. However, to date, no studies on APX homologs in Cryptomeria fortunei have been reported. In this study, we isolated complementary DNA (cDNA) encoding APXfrom C. fortunei needles, which is referred to as CfAPX, by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length CfAPX sequence was 1226 bp in length and included a 750-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a protein of 249 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis showed that APXs of different plant species have been highly evolutionarily conserved. CfAPX was shown to belong to the cytoplasmic subgroup and was more closely related to GbAPX of the gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba. CfAPX showed no transcriptional activity in yeast cells but was highly expressed in cones. To better handle abiotic stresses, compared with wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis thaliana, 35S::CfAPX transgenic Arabidopsis strongly expressed CfAPX, presented increased antioxidant enzyme activities, ascorbic acid (AsA) contents, chlorophyll levels and fluorescence parameter and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents. In addition, CfAPX expression in C. fortunei was mostly upregulated under stress. In summary, CfAPX confers abiotic stress responses to plants, which provides a scientific basis for subsequent breeding for increased stress resistance in C. fortunei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Liwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Junjie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Jiebing Cui
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Hailiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Jin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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Ma Y, Ren X, Liang C. Exogenous Ca 2+ enhances antioxidant defense in rice to simulated acid rain by regulating ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase. PLANTA 2021; 254:41. [PMID: 34327596 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous calcium enhances rice tolerance to acid rain stress by regulating isozymes composition and transcriptional expression of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Calcium (Ca) participates in signal transduction in plants under abiotic stress, and addition of Ca2+ is beneficial to alleviate damage of plants caused by acid rain. To clarify the effect of exogenous Ca2+ on tolerance of plants to acid rain stress, we investigated regulation of Ca2+ (5 mM) on activities, isozymes composition and transcriptional expression of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), redox state, and H2O2 concentration and growth in rice leaves and roots under simulated acid rain (SAR) stress. SAR (pH 3.5/2.5) decreased the total activities of APX and GR in rice by decreasing the concentration of APX isoforms (APXII in leaves and APXIII in roots) as well as activation degree of GR isozymes and transcription level of GR1, indicating that SAR (pH 3.5/2.5) destroyed the redox state in rice cells and induced H2O2 excessive accumulation, and inhibited growth of rice. Exogenous Ca2+ alleviated SAR-induced inhibition on activities of APX and GR by regulating the concentration, activation, and transcription of their isozymes, and then maintained the redox level of cells and protected cells from oxidative damage, being beneficial to the growth of rice. Therefore, the promotion of exogenous Ca2+ on activities of APX and GR can be important to enhance rice tolerance to acid rain by maintaining redox state and avoiding oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chanjuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Identification and Characterization of the APX Gene Family and Its Expression Pattern under Phytohormone Treatment and Abiotic Stress in Populus trichocarpa. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030334. [PMID: 33668872 PMCID: PMC7996185 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a member of class I of the heme-containing peroxidase family. The enzyme plays important roles in scavenging reactive oxygen species for protection against oxidative damage and maintaining normal plant growth and development, as well as in biotic stress responses. In this study, we identified 11 APX genes in the Populus trichocarpa genome using bioinformatic methods. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the PtrAPX proteins were classifiable into three clades and the members of each clade shared similar gene structures and motifs. The PtrAPX genes were distributed on six chromosomes and four segmental-duplicated gene pairs were identified. Promoter cis-elements analysis showed that the majority of PtrAPX genes contained a variety of phytohormone- and abiotic stress-related cis-elements. Tissue-specific expression profiles indicated that the PtrAPX genes primarily function in roots and leaves. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis indicated that PtrAPX transcription was induced in response to drought, salinity, high ammonium concentration, and exogenous abscisic acid treatment. These results provide important information on the phylogenetic relationships and functions of the APX gene family in P. trichocarpa.
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Singh S, Singh UB, Trivdi M, Malviya D, Sahu PK, Roy M, Sharma PK, Singh HV, Manna MC, Saxena AK. Restructuring the Cellular Responses: Connecting Microbial Intervention With Ecological Fitness and Adaptiveness to the Maize ( Zea mays L.) Grown in Saline-Sodic Soil. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:568325. [PMID: 33643224 PMCID: PMC7907600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.568325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress hampers plant growth and development. It is now becoming one of the most important threats to agricultural productivity. Rhizosphere microorganisms play key roles in modulating cellular responses and enable plant tolerant to salt stress, but the detailed mechanisms of how this occurs need in-depth investigation. The present study elucidated that the microbe-mediated restructuring of the cellular responses leads to ecological fitness and adaptiveness to the maize (Zea mays L.) grown in saline-sodic soil. In the present study, effects of seed biopriming with B. safensis MF-01, B. altitudinis MF-15, and B. velezensis MF-08 singly and in consortium on different growth parameters were recorded. Soil biochemical and enzymatic analyses were performed. The activity and gene expression of High-Affinity K+ Transporter (ZmHKT-1), Sodium/Hydrogen exchanger 1 (zmNHX1), and antioxidant enzymes (ZmAPX1.2, ZmBADH-1, ZmCAT, ZmMPK5, ZmMPK7, and ZmCPK11) were studied. The expression of genes related to lateral root development (ZmHO-1, ZmGSL-1, and ZmGSL-3) and root architecture were also carried out. Seeds bioprimed with consortium of all three strains have been shown to confer increased seed germination (23.34-26.31%) and vigor indices (vigor index I: 38.71-53.68% and vigor index II: 74.11-82.43%) as compared to untreated control plant grown in saline-sodic soil at 30 days of sowing. Results indicated that plants treated with consortium of three strains induced early production of adventitious roots (tips: 4889.29, forks: 7951.57, and crossings: 2296.45) in maize compared to plants primed with single strains and untreated control (tips: 2019.25, forks: 3021.45, and crossings: 388.36), which was further confirmed by assessing the transcript level of ZmHO-1 (7.20 folds), ZmGSL-1 (4.50 folds), and ZmGSL-3 (12.00 folds) genes using the qPCR approach. The uptake and translocation of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ significantly varied in the plants treated with bioagents alone or in consortium. qRT-PCR analysis also revealed that the ZmHKT-1 and zmNHX1 expression levels varied significantly in the maize root upon inoculation and showed a 6- to 11-fold increase in the plants bioprimed with all the three strains in combination. Further, the activity and gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly higher in the leaves of maize subjected seed biopriming with bioagents individually or in combination (3.50- to 12.00-fold). Our research indicated that ZmHKT-1 and zmNHX1 expression could effectively enhance salt tolerance by maintaining an optimal Na+/K+ balance and increasing the antioxidant activity that keeps reactive oxygen species at a low accumulation level. Interestingly, up-regulation of ZmHKT-1, NHX1, ZmHO-1, ZmGSL-1, and ZmGSL-3 and genes encoding antioxidants regulates the cellular responses that could effectively enhance the adaptiveness and ultimately leads to better plant growth and grain production in the maize crop grown in saline-sodic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Udai B. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Mala Trivdi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepti Malviya
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Pramod K. Sahu
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Manish Roy
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Pawan K. Sharma
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Harsh V. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - M. C. Manna
- Soil Biology Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India
| | - Anil K. Saxena
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
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Qu C, Wang L, Zhao Y, Liu C. Molecular Evolution of Maize Ascorbate Peroxidase Genes and Their Functional Divergence. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1204. [PMID: 33076444 PMCID: PMC7602589 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is an important antioxidant enzyme. APXs in maize are encoded by multiple genes and exist as isoenzymes. The evolutionary history and functional divergence of the maize APX gene family were analyzed through comparative genomic and experimental data on the Internet in this paper. APX genes in higher plants were divided into classes A, B, and C. Each type of APX gene in angiosperms only had one ancestral gene that was duplicated along with the genome duplication or local (or tandem) duplication of the angiosperm. A total of eight genes were retained in maize and named APXa1, APXa2, APXa3, APXb1, APXb2, APXc1.1, APXc1.2, and APXc2. The APX genes of class A were located in the chloroplasts or mitochondria, and the class B and C genes were localized in the peroxisomes and cytoplasm, respectively. The expression patterns of eight APXs were different in vegetative and reproductive organs at different growth and development stages. APXa1 and APXb1 of maize may participate in the antioxidant metabolism of vegetative organs under normal conditions. APXa2, APXb2, APXc1.1, and APXc1.2 may be involved in the stress response, and APXb2 and APXc2 may participate in the senescence response. These results provide a basis for cultivating high-yield and resistant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiang Qu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (C.Q.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
| | - Yingwei Zhao
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (C.Q.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (C.Q.); (Y.Z.)
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Liao GL, Liu Q, Li YQ, Zhong M, Huang CH, Jia DF, Xu XB. Identification and expression profiling analysis of ascorbate peroxidase gene family in Actinidia chinensis (Hongyang). JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:715-726. [PMID: 32506283 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01206-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is one of the important antioxidant enzymes in the active oxygen metabolism pathway of plants and animals, especially it is the key enzyme to clear H2O2 in chloroplast and the main enzyme of vitamin C metabolism. However, knowledge about APX gene family members and their evolutionary and functional characteristics in kiwifruit is limited. In this study, we identified 13 members of the APX gene family in the kiwifruit (cultivar: Hongyang) genome according the APX proteins conserved domain of Arabidopsis thaliana. Phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood split these 13 genes into four groups. The APX gene family members were distributed on nine chromosomes (Nos. 4, 5, 11, 13, 20, 21, 23, 25, 28). Most of the encoded hydrophilic and lipid-soluble enzymes were predicted to be located in the cytoplasm, nucleus and chloroplast. Among them, AcAPX4, AcAPX5, AcAPX8, AcAPX12 were transmembrane proteins, and AcAPX8 and AcAPX12 had the same transmembrane domain. The gene structure analysis showed that AcAPXs were composed of 4-22 introns, except that AcAPX10 was intron-free. Multiple expectation maximization for motif elicitation program (MEME) analyzed 13 APX protein sequences of Actinidia chinensis and identified 10 conserved motifs ranging in length from 15 to 50 amino acid residues. Additionally, the predicted secondary structures of the main motifs consisted of α-helix and random coils. The gene expression of fruits in different growth stages and bagging treatment were determined by qRT-PCR. The results showed that 8 AcAPXs had the highest expression levels during the color turning period and only the gene expression of AcAPX3 was consistent with the ascorbic acid content; five AcAPXs were consistent with the ascorbic acid content after bagging. Our data provided evolutionary and functional information of AcAPX gene family members and revealed the gene expression of different members in different growth stages and bagging treatments These results may be useful for future studies of the structures and functions of AcAPX family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Lian Liao
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Kiwifruit Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Kiwifruit Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Qi Li
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Kiwifruit Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhong
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Kiwifruit Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chun-Hui Huang
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Kiwifruit Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Feng Jia
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Kiwifruit Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Biao Xu
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Kiwifruit Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Yu J, Cang J, Lu Q, Fan B, Xu Q, Li W, Wang X. ABA enhanced cold tolerance of wheat 'dn1' via increasing ROS scavenging system. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1780403. [PMID: 32619128 PMCID: PMC8570709 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1780403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is an important plant hormone that plays significant roles in cold tolerance regulation. However, whether ABAimproves cold tolerance by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes in wheat remains unknown. In this study,the activities of antioxidant enzymes of the winter wheat variety 'dongnongdongmai 1' ('dn1')afterthe application of exogenous ABA under low temperature (0°C, -10°C, -20°C, and -25°C) were investigated. Results showed that cold stress significantly increased H2O2 and relative conductivity, whileABA significantly reduced this effect. ABA enhanced cold tolerance in both leaves and rhizomes at -10°C and -20 °Cby increasing CAT, SOD, POD, APX, GR, DHAR, and MDHAR. However, this tolerance was weakenedat -25°C with decreasing ASA, GSH, APX, DHAR, and MDHARthan at-10°C and -20°C.POD, GR, and DHARlevels peaked at -10°C, while CAT, SOD, GSH, APX, and MDHAR content in rhizomes peaked at -20°C. The rate of returning green was significantly increased after ABA treatment than in controls (93.5% vs 83.6 %). In 'dn1', rhizomes had a higher cold tolerance than leaves. Thereby, exogenous ABA could enhance cold tolerance byincreasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Cang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- CONTACT Jing Cang College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang150030, China
| | - Qiuwei Lu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Fan
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qinghua Xu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weina Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiutian Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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11
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Zhang J, Li S, Cai Q, Wang Z, Cao J, Yu T, Xie T. Exogenous diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate ameliorates low temperature stress by improving nitrogen metabolism in maize seedlings. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232294. [PMID: 32353025 PMCID: PMC7192554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Spring maize sowing occurs during a period of low temperature (LT) in Northeast
China, and the LT suppresses nitrogen (N) metabolism and photosynthesis, further
reducing dry matter accumulation. Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) improves N
metabolism; hence, we studied the effects of DA-6 on maize seedlings under LT
conditions. The shoot and root fresh weight and dry weight decreased by
17.70%~20.82% in the LT treatment, and decreased by 5.81%~13.57% in the LT +
DA-6 treatment on the 7th day, respectively. Exogenous DA-6
suppressed the increases in ammonium (NH4+) content and
glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity, and suppressed the decreases in nitrate
(NO3–) and nitrite (NO2–)
contents, and activities of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR),
glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and transaminase
activities. NiR activity was most affected by DA-6 under LT conditions.
Additionally, exogenous DA-6 suppressed the net photosynthetic rate (Pn)
decrease, and the suppressed the increases of superoxide anion radical
(O2·−) generation rate and hydrogen peroxide
(H2O2) content. Taken together, our results suggest
that exogenous DA-6 mitigated the repressive effects of LT on N metabolism by
improving photosynthesis and modulating oxygen metabolism, and subsequently
enhanced the LT tolerance of maize seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R.
China
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Li
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Quan Cai
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R.
China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jingsheng Cao
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,
Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Tenglong Xie
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R.
China
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12
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Ding W, Zhang J, Wu SC, Zhang S, Christie P, Liang P. Responses of the grass Paspalum distichum L. to Hg stress: A proteomic study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 183:109549. [PMID: 31408818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Paspalum distichum L. was tested to evaluate its ability to phytoremediate mercury (Hg) contaminated soil over a 60-d period by analysis of the total Hg concentrations in roots and leaves. Hg concentration in Hg-contamination soil decreased by 70.0 μg g-1 after 60 day of grass cultivation and Hg was readily taken up by the roots (4.51 ± 1.90 μg g-1) rather than the leaves (0.35 ± 0.02 μg g-1). In addition, a comparative proteomic study was performed to unravel the protein expression involved in the Hg stress response in P. distichum L. A total of 49 proteins were classified as differentially proteins in the roots by the 'top three' proteomic analysis, of which 32 were up-regulated and 17 down-regulated in response to Hg stress. These changed proteins were classified by gene ontology analysis into five complex molecular functions involving photosynthesis and energy metabolism (31%), oxidative stress (14%), protein folding (16%), sulfur compound metabolism (10%), metal binding, and ion transport (29%). Moreover, the protein expression patterns were consistent with the metabolism pathway results. Overall, the results contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the Hg response in P. distichum and we propose a theoretical basis for the phytoremediation of Hg-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ding
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang Province, 311300, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass, School of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Sheng-Chun Wu
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang Province, 311300, China
| | - Su Zhang
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang Province, 311300, China
| | - Peter Christie
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang Province, 311300, China
| | - Peng Liang
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang Province, 311300, China.
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13
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Zhang S, Xu B, Gan Y. Seed Treatment with Trichoderma longibrachiatum T6 Promotes Wheat Seedling Growth under NaCl Stress Through Activating the Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Antioxidant Defense Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3729. [PMID: 31366159 PMCID: PMC6696296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting crop growth and productivity worldwide. Species of Trichoderma are widely recognized for their bio-control abilities, but little information is regarding to the ability and mechanisms of their promoting plant growth and enhancing plant tolerance to different levels of salt stress. Hence, we determined (i) the role of Trichoderma longibrachiatum T6 (TL-6) in promoting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed germination and seedling growth under different levels of salt stress, and (ii) the mechanisms responsible for the enhanced tolerance of wheat to salt stress by TL-6. Wheat seeds treated with or without TL-6 were grown under different levels of salt stress in controlled environmental conditions. As such, the TL-6 treatments promoted seed germination and increased the shoot and root weights of wheat seedlings under both non-stress and salt-stress conditions. Wheat seedlings with TL-6 treatments under different levels of NaCl stress increased proline content by an average of 11%, ascorbate 15%, and glutathione 28%; and decreased the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) by an average of 19% and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) 13%. The TL-6 treatments induced the transcriptional level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes, leading to the increases of glutathione s-transferase (GST) by an average of 17%, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 16%, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) 17%, glutathione reductase (GR) 18%, dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) 5%. Our results indicate that the beneficial strain of TL-6 effectively scavenged ROS under NaCl stress through modulating the activity of ROS scavenging enzymes, regulating the transcriptional levels of ROS scavenging enzyme gene expression, and enhancing the nonenzymatic antioxidants in wheat seedling in response to salt stress. Our present study provides a new insight into the mechanisms of TL-6 can activate the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant defense systems and enhance wheat seedling tolerance to different levels of salt stress at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwu Zhang
- College of Plant protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Bingliang Xu
- College of Plant protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yantai Gan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Government of Canada Swift Current Research & Development Centre, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada
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14
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Dusart N, Gérard J, Le Thiec D, Collignon C, Jolivet Y, Vaultier MN. Integrated analysis of the detoxification responses of two Euramerican poplar genotypes exposed to ozone and water deficit: Focus on the ascorbate-glutathione cycle. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:2365-2379. [PMID: 30336426 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) and drought increase tree oxidative stress. To protect forest health, we need to improve risk assessment, using metric model such as the phytotoxic O3 dose above a threshold of y nmol·m-2·s-1 (PODy), while taking into account detoxification mechanisms and interacting stresses. The impact of drought events on the effect of O3 pollution deserves special attention. Water deficit may decrease O3 entrance into the leaves by reducing stomatal opening; however, water deficit also induces changes in cell redox homeostasis. Besides, the behaviour of the cell antioxidative charge in case of stress combination (water deficit and O3) still remains poorly investigated. To decipher the response of detoxification mechanisms relatively to the Halliwell-Asada-Foyer cycle (HAF), we exposed poplar saplings (Populus nigra × deltoides) composed of two genotypes (Carpaccio and Robusta), to various treatments for 17 days, i.e. i) mild water deficit, ii) 120 ppb O3, and iii) a combination of these two treatments. Ozone similarly impacted the growth of the two genotypes, with an important leaf loss. Water deficit decreased growth by almost one third as compared to the control plants. As for the combined treatment, water deficit protected the saplings from leaf ozone injury, but with an inhibitory effect on growth. The pool of total ascorbate was not modified by the different treatments, while the pool of total glutathione increased with POD0. We noticed a few differences between the two genotypes, particularly concerning the activity of monodehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase relatively to POD0. The expression profiles of genes coding for the dehydroascorbate reductase and glutathione reductase isoforms differed, probably in link with the putative localisation of ROS production in response to water deficit and ozone, respectively. Our result would argue for a major role of MDHAR, GR and glutathione in the preservation of the redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dusart
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, UMR Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Joëlle Gérard
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, UMR Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Didier Le Thiec
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, UMR Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Yves Jolivet
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, Inra, UMR Silva, F-54000 Nancy, France
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15
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Guo X, Wang L, Chang X, Li Q, Abbasi AM. Influence of plant growth regulators on key‐coding genes expression associated with phytochemicals biosynthesis and antioxidant activity in soybean (
Glycine max
(L.) Merr) sprouts. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Linzhen Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA) Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research Institute of Fruit Tree Research Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Quan Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Arshad Mehmood Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad 22060 Pakistan
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16
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Modulating the antioxidant system by exogenous 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine in maize seedlings exposed to polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203626. [PMID: 30183770 PMCID: PMC6124772 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.), an important agricultural crop, suffers from drought stress frequently during its growth period, thus leading to a decline in yield. 2-(3,4-Dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine (DCPTA) regulates many aspects of plant development; however, its effects on crop stress tolerance are poorly understood. We pre-treated maize seedlings by adding DCPTA to a hydroponic solution and then subjected the seedlings to a drought condition [15% polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 treatment]. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) were enhanced under drought stress and further enhanced by the DCPTA application. The activities of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and catalase (CAT) declined continuously under drought stress; however, the activities partially recovered with DCPTA application. Up-regulation of the activities and transcript levels of APX, GR, MDHAR and DHAR in the DCPTA treatments contributed to the increases in ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) levels and inhibited the increased generation rate of superoxide anion radicals (O2·-), the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and the electrolyte leakage (EL) induced by drought. These results suggest that the enhanced antioxidant capacity induced by DCPTA application may represent an efficient mechanism for increasing the drought stress tolerance of maize seedlings.
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17
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Phillips K, Majola A, Gokul A, Keyster M, Ludidi N, Egbichi I. Inhibition of NOS- like activity in maize alters the expression of genes involved in H 2O 2 scavenging and glycine betaine biosynthesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12628. [PMID: 30135488 PMCID: PMC6105647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide synthase-like activity contributes to the production of nitric oxide in plants, which controls plant responses to stress. This study investigates if changes in ascorbate peroxidase enzymatic activity and glycine betaine content in response to inhibition of nitric oxide synthase-like activity are associated with transcriptional regulation by analyzing transcript levels of genes (betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase) involved in glycine betaine biosynthesis and those encoding antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase and catalase) in leaves of maize seedlings treated with an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase-like activity. In seedlings treated with a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, transcript levels of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase were decreased. In plants treated with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, the transcript levels of ascorbate peroxidase-encoding genes were down-regulated. We thus conclude that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase-like activity suppresses the expression of ascorbate peroxidase and betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase genes in maize leaves. Furthermore, catalase activity was suppressed in leaves of plants treated with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; and this corresponded with the suppression of the expression of catalase genes. We further conclude that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase-like activity, which suppresses ascorbate peroxidase and catalase enzymatic activities, results in increased H2O2 content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Phillips
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Anelisa Majola
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Arun Gokul
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
- Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
| | - Ndiko Ludidi
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa.
- Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, 7530, South Africa.
| | - Ifeanyi Egbichi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Nelson Mandela Drive, Mthatha, 5117, South Africa
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18
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Molecular cloning and characterization of the glutathione reductase gene from Stipa purpurea. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:1851-1857. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Islam F, Farooq MA, Gill RA, Wang J, Yang C, Ali B, Wang GX, Zhou W. 2,4-D attenuates salinity-induced toxicity by mediating anatomical changes, antioxidant capacity and cation transporters in the roots of rice cultivars. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10443. [PMID: 28874677 PMCID: PMC5585390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth regulator herbicides are widely used in paddy fields to control weeds, however their role in conferring environmental stress tolerance in the crop plants are still elusive. In this study, the effects of recommended dose of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on growth, oxidative damage, antioxidant defense, regulation of cation transporter genes and anatomical changes in the roots of rice cultivars XS 134 (salt resistant) and ZJ 88 (salt sensitive) were investigated under different levels of saline stress. Individual treatments of saline stress and 2,4-D application induced oxidative damage as evidenced by decreased root growth, enhanced ROS production, more membrane damage and Na+ accumulation in sensitive cultivar compared to the tolerant cultivar. Conversely, combined treatments of 2,4-D and saline stress significantly alleviated the growth inhibition and oxidative stress in roots of rice cultivars by modulating lignin and callose deposition, redox states of AsA, GSH, and related enzyme activities involved in the antioxidant defense system. The expression analysis of nine cation transporter genes showed altered and differential gene expression in salt-stressed roots of sensitive and resistant cultivars. Together, these results suggest that 2,4-D differentially regulates the Na+ and K+ levels, ROS production, antioxidant defense, anatomical changes and cation transporters/genes in roots of rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Islam
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad A Farooq
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Rafaqat A Gill
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chong Yang
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Basharat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Guang-Xi Wang
- Department of Environmental Bioscience, Meijo University, Nagoya City, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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20
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Liu F, Xiang N, Hu JG, Shijuan Y, Xie L, Brennan CS, Huang W, Guo X. The manipulation of gene expression and the biosynthesis of Vitamin C, E and folate in light-and dark-germination of sweet corn seeds. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7484. [PMID: 28790401 PMCID: PMC5548755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07774-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the potential interrelationship between gene expression and biosynthesis of vitamin C, E and folate in sweet corn sprouts. Germination of sweet corn kernels was conducted in light and dark environments to determine if this relationship was regulated by photo-illumination. Results indicated that light and dark environments affected the DHAR, TMT and GTPCH expression and that these genes were the predominant genes of vitamin C, E and folate biosynthesis pathways respectively during the germination. Levels of vitamin C and folate increased during the germination of sweet corn seeds while vitamin E had a declining manner. Sweet corn sprouts had higher vitamin C and E levels as well as relevant gene expression levels in light environment while illumination had little influence on the folate contents and the gene expression levels during the germination. These results indicate that there might be a collaborative relationship between vitamin C and folate regulation during sweet corn seed germination, while an inhibitive regulation might exist between vitamin C and E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Nan Xiang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Jian Guang Hu
- Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yan Shijuan
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Lihua Xie
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Charles Stephen Brennan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.,Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Bioscience, Lincoln University, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
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21
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Ma D, Sun D, Wang C, Ding H, Qin H, Hou J, Huang X, Xie Y, Guo T. Physiological Responses and Yield of Wheat Plants in Zinc-Mediated Alleviation of Drought Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:860. [PMID: 28596777 PMCID: PMC5442205 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the physiological responses of wheat to zinc (Zn) fertilizer application under drought stress, pot, and field experiments were conducted on wheat plants grown under different soil moistures and treated with soil and foliar Zn applications. Photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant content, Zn element concentration, and the transcription level of genes involved in antioxidant biosynthesis were analyzed. Zn application increased SPAD and Fv/Fm of wheat flag leaves, while decreased lipid peroxidation levels and H2O2 content. Zn application increased the antioxidant content (ascorbate, reduced glutathione, total phenolic, and total flavonoid) of wheat flag leaves, and enhanced the relative expression levels of two antioxidant enzyme genes, four ascorbate-glutathione cycle genes, and two flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes under drought stress. Soil Zn application increased grain yield and Zn concentration by 10.5 and 15.8%, 22.6 and 9.7%, and 28.2 and 32.8% under adequate water supply, moderate drought, and severe drought, respectively. Furthermore, foliar application of Zn in the field increased grain yield and grain Zn concentration under both adequate water supply and rain-fed conditions. Zn plays a role in alleviating wheat plant drought stress by Zn-mediated increase in photosynthesis pigment and active oxygen scavenging substances, and reduction in lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, Zn fertilizer could regulate multiple antioxidant defense systems at the transcriptional level in response to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Ma
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Dexiang Sun
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Huina Ding
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Haixia Qin
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Hou
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Xie
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Tiancai Guo
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
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22
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Li S, Wang J, Yu Y, Wang F, Dong J, Huang R. D27E mutation of VTC1 impairs the interaction with CSN5B and enhances ascorbic acid biosynthesis and seedling growth in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 92:473-482. [PMID: 27561782 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Our previous investigation revealed that GDP-Man pyrophosphorylase (VTC1), a vital ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthesis enzyme, could be degraded through interaction with the photomorphogenic factor COP9 signalosome subunit 5B (CSN5B) in the darkness, demonstrating the posttranscriptional regulation of light signal in AsA production. Here, we further report that a point mutation in D27E of VTC1 disables the interaction with CSN5B, resulting in enhancement of AsA biosynthesis and seedling growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. To identify the interaction sites with CSN5B, we first predicted the key amino acids in VTC1 via bioinformatics analysis. And then we biochemically and genetically demonstrated that the 27th Asp was the amino acid that influenced the interaction of VTC1 with CSN5B in plants. Moreover, transgenic lines overexpressing the site-specific mutagenesis from D27 (Asp) into E27 (Glu) in VTC1 showed enhanced AsA accumulation and reduced H2O2 content in Arabidopsis seedlings, compared with the lines overexpressing the mutation from D27 into N27 (Asn) in VTC1. In addition, this regulation of VTC1 D27E mutation promoted seedling growth. Together, our data reveal that the 27th amino acid of VTC1 confers a key regulation in the interaction with CSN5B and AsA biosynthesis, as well as in Arabidopsis seedling growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanwen Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengru Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Jingao Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China.
| | - Rongfeng Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, 100081, China.
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23
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He X, Ma H, Zhao X, Nie S, Li Y, Zhang Z, Shen Y, Chen Q, Lu Y, Lan H, Zhou S, Gao S, Pan G, Lin H. Comparative RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals That Regulatory Network of Maize Root Development Controls the Expression of Genes in Response to N Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151697. [PMID: 26990640 PMCID: PMC4798287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plants, and it directly affects grain yield and protein content in cereal crops. Plant root systems are not only critical for anchorage in the soil, but also for N acquisition. Therefore, genes controlling root development might also affect N uptake by plants. In this study, the responses of nitrogen on root architecture of mutant rtcs and wild-type of maize were investigated by morphological and physiological analysis. Subsequently, we performed a comparative RNA-Seq analysis to compare gene expression profiles between mutant rtcs roots and wild-type roots under different N conditions. We identified 786 co-modulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to root development. These genes participated in various metabolic processes. A co-expression cluster analysis and a cis-regulatory motifs analysis revealed the importance of the AP2-EREBP transcription factor family in the rtcs-dependent regulatory network. Some genotype-specific DEGs contained at least one LBD motif in their promoter region. Further analyses of the differences in gene transcript levels between rtcs and wild-type under different N conditions revealed 403 co-modulated DEGs with distinct functions. A comparative analysis revealed that the regulatory network controlling root development also controlled gene expression in response to N-deficiency. Several AP2-EREBP family members involved in multiple hormone signaling pathways were among the DEGs. These transcription factors might play important roles in the rtcs-dependent regulatory network related to root development and the N-deficiency response. Genes encoding the nitrate transporters NRT2-1, NAR2.1, NAR2.2, and NAR2.3 showed much higher transcript levels in rtcs than in wild-type under normal-N conditions. This result indicated that the LBD gene family mainly functions as transcriptional repressors, as noted in other studies. In summary, using a comparative RNA-Seq-based approach, we identified DEGs related to root development that also participated in the N-deficiency response in maize. These findings will increase our understanding of the molecular regulatory networks controlling root development and N-stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing He
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Haixia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiongwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Shujun Nie
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaou Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanli Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Hai Lan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Shufeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Shibin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangtang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Haijian Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Sytykiewicz H. Expression Patterns of Genes Involved in Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle in Aphid-Infested Maize (Zea mays L.) Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:268. [PMID: 26907270 PMCID: PMC4813132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced forms of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) are among the most important non-enzymatic foliar antioxidants in maize (Zea mays L.). The survey was aimed to evaluate impact of bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) or grain aphid (Sitobion avenae F.) herbivory on expression of genes related to ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle in seedlings of six maize varieties (Ambrozja, Nana, Tasty Sweet, Touran, Waza, Złota Karłowa), differing in resistance to the cereal aphids. Relative expression of sixteen maize genes encoding isoenzymes of ascorbate peroxidase (APX1, APX2, APX3, APX4, APX5, APX6, APX7), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR1, MDHAR2, MDHAR3, MDHAR4), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR1, DHAR2, DHAR3) and glutathione reductase (GR1, GR2) was quantified. Furthermore, effect of hemipterans’ attack on activity of APX, MDHAR, DHAR and GR enzymes, and the content of reduced and oxidized ascorbate and glutathione in maize plants were assessed. Seedling leaves of more resistant Z. mays varieties responded higher elevations in abundance of target transcripts. In addition, earlier and stronger aphid-triggered changes in activity of APX, MDHAR, DHAR and GR enzymes, and greater modulations in amount of the analyzed antioxidative metabolites were detected in foliar tissues of highly resistant Ambrozja genotype in relation to susceptible Tasty Sweet plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Sytykiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
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25
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Functional Validation of Phragmites communis Glutathione Reductase (PhaGR) as an Essential Enzyme in Salt Tolerance. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 175:3418-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1514-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Wei L, Wang L, Yang Y, Wang P, Guo T, Kang G. Abscisic acid enhances tolerance of wheat seedlings to drought and regulates transcript levels of genes encoding ascorbate-glutathione biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:458. [PMID: 26175737 PMCID: PMC4485351 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate (ASA) are associated with the abscisic acid (ABA)-induced abiotic tolerance in higher plant, however, its molecular mechanism remains obscure. In this study, exogenous application (10 μM) of ABA significantly increased the tolerance of seedlings of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) suffering from 5 days of 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG)-stimulated drought stress, as demonstrated by increased shoot lengths and shoot and root dry weights, while showing decreased content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Under drought stress conditions, ABA markedly increased content of GSH and ASA in both leaves and roots of ABA-treated plants. Temporal and spatial expression patterns of eight genes encoding ASA and GSH synthesis-related enzymes were measured using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results showed that ABA temporally regulated the transcript levels of genes encoding ASA-GSH cycle enzymes. Moreover, these genes exhibited differential expression patterns between the root and leaf organs of ABA-treated wheat seedlings during drought stress. These results implied that exogenous ABA increased the levels of GSH and ASA in drought-stressed wheat seedlings in time- and organ-specific manners. Moreover, the transcriptional profiles of ASA-GSH synthesis-related enzyme genes in the leaf tissue were compared between ABA- and salicylic acid (SA)-treated wheat seedlings under PEG-stimulated drought stress, suggesting that they increased the content of ASA and GSH by differentially regulating expression levels of ASA-GSH synthesis enzyme genes. Our results increase our understanding of the molecular mechanism of ABA-induced drought tolerance in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Wei
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Wang
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Tiancai Guo
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Guozhang Kang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guozhang Kang, The National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, #62, Nongye Road, 450002 Henan Province, China
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27
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Kang G, Li G, Wang L, Wei L, Yang Y, Wang P, Yang Y, Wang Y, Feng W, Wang C, Guo T. Hg-Responsive Proteins Identified in Wheat Seedlings Using iTRAQ Analysis and the Role of ABA in Hg Stress. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:249-67. [DOI: 10.1021/pr5006873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guozhang Kang
- The
Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- The
National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Gezi Li
- The
Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lina Wang
- The
Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- The
National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Liting Wei
- The
National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The
National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- The
Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- The
National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- The
National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Feng
- The
National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- The
National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Tiancai Guo
- The
Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- The
National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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28
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Li J, Xu RF, Qin RY, Ma H, Li H, Zhang YP, Li L, Wei PC, Yang JB. Isolation and functional characterization of a novel rice constitutive promoter. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:1651-60. [PMID: 24980160 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-014-1644-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel rice constitutive promoter (P OsCon1 ) was isolated. The molecular mechanism of the promoter activity was investigated. P OsCon1 could be used as an alternative constitutive promoter for crop transgenic engineering. Monocot constitutive promoter is an important resource for crop transgenic engineering. In this report, we isolated a novel promoter, Oscon1 promoter (P OsCon1 ), from the 5' upstream region of a constitutively expressed rice gene OsDHAR1. In P OsCon1 ::GUS transgenic rice, we showed that P OsCon1 had a broad expression spectrum in all tested tissues. The expression of the promoter was further analyzed in comparison with the previously characterized strong constitutive promoters. P OsCon1 exhibited comparable activity to OsCc1, OsAct1 or ZmUbi promoters in most tissues, and more active than 35S promoter in roots, seeds, and calli. Further quantitative assays indicated that P OsCon1 activity was not affected by developmental stages or by environmental factors. Further, 5'-deletions analysis indicated that the distinct regions might contribute to the strong expression of P OsCon1 in different tissues. Overall, our results suggest that P OsCon1 is a novel constitutive promoter, which could potentially use in transgenic crop development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Institute of Technical Biology and Agriculture Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
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29
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RoGFP1 is a quantitative biosensor in maize cells for cellular redox changes caused by environmental and endogenous stimuli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:503-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Li G, Peng X, Wei L, Kang G. Salicylic acid increases the contents of glutathione and ascorbate and temporally regulates the related gene expression in salt-stressed wheat seedlings. Gene 2013; 529:321-5. [PMID: 23948081 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous salicylic acid (SA) significantly improved abiotic tolerance in higher plants, and ascorbate (ASA) and glutathione (GSH) play important roles in abiotic tolerance. In this study, SA (0.5mM) markedly increased the contents of ASA and GSH in SA-treated plants during salt stress (250mM NaCl). The transcript levels of the genes encoding ASA and GSH cycle enzymes were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The results indicated that, during salt stress, exogenous SA significantly enhanced the transcripts of glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (GPX2) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) genes at 12h, glutathione reductase (GR) at 24h, 48h and 72h, glutathione-S-transferase 1 (GST1), 2 (GST2), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) and glutathione synthetase (GS) at the 48h and 72h after salt stress, respectively. The results implied that SA temporally regulated the transcript levels of the genes encoding ASA-GSH cycle enzymes, resulting in the increased contents of GSH and ASA and enhanced salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gezi Li
- The National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat, The Key Laboratory of Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Improvement of Food Crops in Henan Province, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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31
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Ma R, Sun L, Chen X, Jiang R, Sun H, Zhao D. Proteomic changes in different growth periods of ginseng roots. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2013; 67:20-32. [PMID: 23537955 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, proteomics and biochemical variables have been employed to unravel the growth strategies for the different root growth periods of ginseng (Panax ginseng CA May., Araliaceae). Enzymatic activities and cellular contents, except for starch, related to defence and metabolism were significantly increased in the slow-growth period but decreased in the fast-growth period. Proteomic characterisation by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) showed 83 differentially expressed spots; 62 spots were up-regulated and 21 spots were down-regulated in the slow-growth period when compared to the fast-growth period. The identification of these spots indicated that the major groups of differential proteins were associated with energy metabolism (37%) and defence (17%), which was consistent with the changes observed in the biochemical measurements. These results clearly demonstrate that ginseng stores energy during its fast-growth period to promote root elongation, whereas it expends energy to improve the synthesis of secondary metabolites and stress resistance during its slow-growth period. The levels of many proteins were changed during the conversion period from fast to slow growth, providing new insights into ginseng proteome evolution. The proposed hypothetical model explains the interaction of metabolic proteins associated with the growth strategies of ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin 130117, PR China; College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, 15 Jilin Street, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, 15 Jilin Street, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China.
| | - Xuenan Chen
- College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, 15 Jilin Street, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin 130117, PR China; College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, 15 Jilin Street, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China
| | - Hang Sun
- College of Biology and Chemistry, Beihua University, 15 Jilin Street, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin 130117, PR China.
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32
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Cruz-Rus E, Amaya I, Valpuesta V. The challenge of increasing vitamin C content in plant foods. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:1110-21. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201200041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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