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Tanaka T, Takeshita S, Inoue T, Yoshino A, Sawamura T, Toda H. Psychological and traumatic stress and the risk of developing diabetes and psychiatric disorders after a disaster-relief mission: An eight-year longitudinal study of Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force personnel dispatched for the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake disaster-relief mission. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 146:118-124. [PMID: 34971909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The Great East Japan Earthquake caused triple disasters-the earthquake itself, tsunamis, and nuclear leakage. Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) personnel engaged in disaster-relief suffered various degrees of psychological stress, which is associated with psychiatric as well as physical disorders, such as diabetes. This study aimed to assess the effect of mission-related stress on the development of diabetes and psychiatric disorders in these personnel using JMSDF annual physical check-up data from 2010 to 2018 and Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) questionnaire data. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the hazard ratios (HRs) of developing diabetes and psychiatric disorders in the dispatched (N = 3686) vs. non-dispatched (N = 13,953) groups and high IES-R (score ≥25) vs. low IES-R score and high K-10 (score ≥25) vs. low K-10 score subgroups. We found a significantly higher HR of developing diabetes in the high IES-R score subgroup (2.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-3.80). However, the HRs were not significant when comparing dispatched vs. non-dispatched groups and high vs. low K-10 score subgroups. Although the HR of developing psychiatric disorders was significantly lower in the dispatched group (0.64; 95% CI, 0.48-0.84), it was significantly higher in the high IES-R (7.95; 95% CI, 3.38-18.74) and high K-10 (8.76; 95% CI, 4.34-17.68) score subgroups. Thus, this study indicates the importance of paying closer attention to the risk of diabetes and psychiatric disorders in individuals with high IES-R or K-10 scores after disaster-relief activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teppei Tanaka
- Department of Psychiatry, Self-Defense Forces Hospital Yokosuka, 1766-1 Tauraminatomachi, Yokosuka City, Kanagawa, 237-0071, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjyuku, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Shogo Takeshita
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjyuku, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Aihide Yoshino
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takehito Sawamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Setagaya, 1-2-24 Ikejiri, Setagata-ku, Tokyo, 154-0001, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Toda
- Department of Psychiatry, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
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