1
|
Fang G, Zhang C, Liu Z, Peng Z, Tang M, Xue Q. MiR-144-3p inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer A549 cells via targeting HGF. J Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 17:117. [PMID: 35568918 PMCID: PMC9107261 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-022-01861-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim MicroRNAs have been confirmed as vital regulators in gene expression, which could affect multiple cancer cell biological behaviors. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanism of miR-144-3p in lung cancer cellular proliferation and metastasis. Methods MiR-144-3p expression in lung cancer tissues and cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR. HGF was predicted as the target gene of miR-144-3p using TargetScan and dual luciferase reporter assay. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to explore the impacts of HCF on lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Impacts of miR-144-3p and HGF on cancer cellular proliferation, migration and invasion were elucidated by CCK-8, Flow cytometry, Transwell invasion and Wound-healing assay. Moreover, nude mouse xenograft model was established to evaluate the effects of miR-144-3p on lung cancer cells. Results MiR-144-3p exhibited a reduction in both lung cancer tissues and cell lines. HGF was a direct target of miR-144-3p. In contrast to the miR-144-3p expression level, HGF showed a higher level in lung cancer tissues and cell lines. Overexpression miR-144-3p suppressed A549 and NCI-H1299 cell proliferation and metastasis, whereas this was reversed by HGF. MiR-144-3p exhibited an inhibitory effect on A549 cell-induced tumor growth of nude mice. Conclusions This study reveals miR-144-3p/HGF axis may be involved in the suppression of lung cancer cellular proliferation and development, and miR-144-3p may function as a potential therapeutic target in lung cancer treatment in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guiju Fang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, People's Republic of China
| | - Canhui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiyan Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningde Municipal Hospital of Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352100, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ko J, Winslow MM, Sage J. Mechanisms of small cell lung cancer metastasis. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13122. [PMID: 33296145 PMCID: PMC7799359 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the ability of cancer cells to metastasize remain relatively poorly understood. Among all solid tumors, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has remarkable metastatic proclivity, with a majority of patients diagnosed with metastatic disease. Our understanding of SCLC metastasis has been hampered for many years by the paucity of material from primary tumors and metastases, as well as the lack of faithful pre-clinical models. Here, we review recent advances that are helping circumvent these limitations. These advances include methods that employ circulating tumor cells from the blood of SCLC patients and the development of diverse genetically engineered mouse models of metastatic SCLC. New insights into the cellular mechanisms of SCLC metastasis include observations of cell fate changes associated with increased metastatic ability. Ongoing studies on cell migration and organ tropism promise to expand our understanding of SCLC metastasis. Ultimately, a better molecular understanding of metastatic phenotypes may be translated into new therapeutic options to limit metastatic spread and treat metastatic SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ko
- Department of PediatricsStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| | - Monte M Winslow
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Department of PathologyStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of PediatricsStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mechanism of Chinese herbal formula QHF against breast cancer MCF-7 cells invasion and migration. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
4
|
Salgia R, Mambetsariev I, Hewelt B, Achuthan S, Li H, Poroyko V, Wang Y, Sattler M. Modeling small cell lung cancer (SCLC) biology through deterministic and stochastic mathematical models. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26226-26242. [PMID: 29899855 PMCID: PMC5995226 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mathematical cancer models are immensely powerful tools that are based in part on the fractal nature of biological structures, such as the geometry of the lung. Cancers of the lung provide an opportune model to develop and apply algorithms that capture changes and disease phenotypes. We reviewed mathematical models that have been developed for biological sciences and applied them in the context of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) growth, mutational heterogeneity, and mechanisms of metastasis. The ultimate goal is to develop the stochastic and deterministic nature of this disease, to link this comprehensive set of tools back to its fractalness and to provide a platform for accurate biomarker development. These techniques may be particularly useful in the context of drug development research, such as combination with existing omics approaches. The integration of these tools will be important to further understand the biology of SCLC and ultimately develop novel therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Salgia
- City of Hope, Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Duarte 91010, CA, USA
| | - Isa Mambetsariev
- City of Hope, Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Duarte 91010, CA, USA
| | - Blake Hewelt
- City of Hope, Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Duarte 91010, CA, USA
| | | | - Haiqing Li
- City of Hope, Center for Informatics, Duarte 91010, CA, USA
| | - Valeriy Poroyko
- City of Hope, Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Duarte 91010, CA, USA
| | - Yingyu Wang
- City of Hope, Center for Informatics, Duarte 91010, CA, USA
| | - Martin Sattler
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Boston 02215, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Department of Medicine, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taniguchi H, Yamada T, Takeuchi S, Arai S, Fukuda K, Sakamoto S, Kawada M, Yamaguchi H, Mukae H, Yano S. Impact of MET inhibition on small-cell lung cancer cells showing aberrant activation of the hepatocyte growth factor/MET pathway. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1378-1385. [PMID: 28474864 PMCID: PMC5497807 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 15% of all lung cancers, and is characterized as extremely aggressive, often displaying rapid tumor growth and multiple organ metastases. In addition, the clinical outcome of SCLC patients is poor due to early relapse and acquired resistance to standard chemotherapy treatments. Hence, novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of SCLC are urgently required. Accordingly, several molecular targeted therapies were evaluated in SCLC; however, they failed to improve the clinical outcome. The receptor tyrosine kinase MET is a receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and aberrant activation of HGF/MET signaling is known as one of the crucial mechanisms enabling cancer progression and invasion. Here, we found that the HGF/MET signaling was aberrantly activated in chemoresistant or chemorelapsed SCLC cell lines (SBC‐5, DMS273, and DMS273‐G3H) by the secretion of HGF and/or MET copy number gain. A cell‐based in vitro assay revealed that HGF/MET inhibition, induced either by MET inhibitors (crizotinib and golvatinib), or by siRNA‐mediated knockdown of HGF or MET, constrained growth of chemoresistant SCLC cells through the inhibition of ERK and AKT signals. Furthermore, treatment with either crizotinib or golvatinib suppressed the systemic metastasis of SBC‐5 cell tumors in natural killer cell‐depleted SCID mice, predominantly through cell cycle arrest. These findings reveal the therapeutic potential of targeting the HGF/MET pathway for inhibition, to constrain tumor progression of SCLC cells showing aberrant activation of HGF/MET signaling. We suggest that it would be clinically valuable to further investigate HGF/MET‐mediated signaling in SCLC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Taniguchi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Yamada
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Takeuchi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Sachiko Arai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Koji Fukuda
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Seiji Yano
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tong B, Zhao J, Wang M. [Advances on Driver Mutations of Small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2016; 19:236-40. [PMID: 27118653 PMCID: PMC5999810 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2016.04.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
小细胞肺癌是一类具有高度侵袭性的肺恶性肿瘤,预后极差,近30年来,其治疗策略无明显进展。积极研究小细胞肺癌分子生物学特征,并筛选潜在驱动基因,有助于为小细胞肺癌开拓新的治疗途径,改善疾病预后。本文将对小细胞肺癌驱动基因研究相关进展进行综述。
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Tong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mengzhao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hung TH, Li YH, Tseng CP, Lan YW, Hsu SC, Chen YH, Huang TT, Lai HC, Chen CM, Choo KB, Chong KY. Knockdown of c-MET induced apoptosis in ABCB1-overexpressed multidrug-resistance cancer cell lines. Cancer Gene Ther 2015; 22:262-70. [PMID: 25908454 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2015.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inappropriate c-MET signaling in cancer can enhance tumor cell proliferation, survival, motility, and invasion. Inhibition of c-MET signaling induces apoptosis in a variety of cancers. It has also been recognized as a novel anticancer therapy approach. Furthermore, reports have also indicated that constitutive expression of P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) is involved in the HGF/c-MET-related pathway of multidrug resistance ABCB1-positive human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. We previously reported that elevated expression levels of PKCδ and AP-1 downstream genes, and HGF receptor (c-MET) and ABCB1, in the drug-resistant MES-SA/Dx5 cells. Moreover, leukemia cell lines overexpressing ABCB1 have also been shown to be more resistant to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate. These findings suggest that chemoresistant cancer cells may also develop a similar mechanism against chemotherapy agents. To circumvent clinical complications arising from drug resistance during cancer therapy, the present study was designed to investigate apoptosis induction in ABCB1-overexpressed cancer cells using c-MET-targeted RNA interference technology in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that cell viability decreased and apoptosis rate increased in c-MET shRNA-transfected HGF/c-MET pathway-positive MES-SA/Dx5 and MCF-7/ADR2 cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo reduction of tumor volume in mice harboring c-MET shRNA-knockdown MES-SA/Dx5 cells was clearly demonstrated. Our study demonstrated that downregulation of c-MET by shRNA-induced apoptosis in a multidrug resistance cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T-H Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China
| | - Y-H Li
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China
| | - C-P Tseng
- 1] Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China [2] Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China [3] Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China
| | - Y-W Lan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China
| | - S-C Hsu
- 1] Cancer Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China [2] Department of Pathology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China
| | - Y-H Chen
- Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China
| | - T-T Huang
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - H-C Lai
- 1] Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China [2] Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China
| | - C-M Chen
- 1] Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Republic of China [2] Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Republic of China [3] Rong-Hsing Translational Medicine Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Republic of China
| | - K-B Choo
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Centre for Stem Cell Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K-Y Chong
- 1] Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China [2] Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China [3] Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Liu H, Chen J. [Dysregulation of HGF/c-Met signal pathway and their targeting drugs in lung cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2015; 17:625-34. [PMID: 25130970 PMCID: PMC6000362 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2014.08.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
c-MET是原癌基因c-MET编码的蛋白产物, 是肝细胞生长因子(hepatocyte growth factor, HGF)受体, 具有络氨酸激酶活性。c-Met的异常表达与肺癌的发生发展有着密切的关系。HGF与其c-Met受体结合后, 活化c-Met酪氨酸激酶活性, 能促进多种肿瘤细胞包括肺癌细胞的增殖、新生血管生成及肿瘤侵袭和迁移。针对HGF/c-Met信号转导通路的靶向治疗是目前肺癌治疗的新热点。本文将就HGF/c-Met信号转导通路在肺癌中异常调控及其靶向药物在肺癌中的研究进展进行综述。
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongwen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute,
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ma JA, Hu C, Li W, Ren J, Zou F, Zhou D, Zou W, Wei Y, Zhou Y. Downregulation of c-Met expression does not enhance the sensitivity of gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 to gefitinib. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:2269-75. [PMID: 25395073 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of downregulation of the c‑Met gene on signal transduction and apoptosis in gastric cancer MKN‑45 cells; furthermore, the study aimed to determine whether altered c‑Met gene expression affected MKN‑45 sensitivity to gefitinib. Three c‑Met‑specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were synthesized and transfected into MKN‑45 cells. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of c‑Met and its downstream signaling molecules [phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K) and AKT] were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis 48 h following transfection. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using Annexin‑V/propidium iodide double staining and fluorescence‑activated cell sorting analysis. An MTT assay was performed in order to measure the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of gefitinib on MKN‑45 cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that 48 h post‑transfection with c‑Met siRNA, MKN‑45 cells showed significantly downregulated expression of c‑Met mRNA and protein as well as an increased rate of apoptosis (P<0.05). In addition, following c‑Met siRNA transfection mRNA and protein levels of PI3K and AKT were not significantly altered in MKN‑45 cells (P>0.05); however, a marked decrease in the expression levels of phosphorylated (p)‑PI3K and p‑AKT was observed (P<0.05). Furthermore, the IC50 of gefitinib in MKN‑45 cells was not significantly decreased. In conclusion, knockdown of the c‑Met gene promoted gastric cancer cell apoptosis and inhibited downstream p‑PI3K and p‑AKT; however, the sensitivity of MKN‑45 cells to gefitinib was not increased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-An Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ren
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Fangwen Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Dongai Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wen Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Wei
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gelsomino F, Rossi G, Tiseo M. MET and Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:2100-15. [PMID: 25314153 PMCID: PMC4276958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6042100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the most aggressive lung tumors. The majority of patients with SCLC are diagnosed at an advanced stage. This tumor type is highly sensitive to chemo-radiation treatment, with very high response rates, but invariably relapses. At this time, treatment options are still limited and the prognosis of these patients is poor. A better knowledge of the molecular biology of SCLC allowed us to identify potential druggable targets. Among these, the MET/HGF axis seems to be one of the most aberrant signaling pathways involved in SCLC invasiveness and progression. In this review, we describe briefly all recent literature on the different molecular profiling in SCLC; in particular, we discuss the specific alterations involving c-MET gene and their implications as a potential target in SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Gelsomino
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Giulio Rossi
- Operative Unit of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Marcello Tiseo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Viale A. Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yao XB, Wang XX, Liu H, Zhang SQ, Zhu HL. Silencing Bmi-1 expression by RNA interference suppresses the growth of laryngeal carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2013; 31:1262-72. [PMID: 23525303 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a B-cell-specific MLV integration site-1 (Bmi-1) RNA interference (RNAi) expression vector on the proliferation and invasiveness of laryngeal carcinoma. We constructed a lentiviral vector expressing Bmi-1-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and transfected it into HEp-2 cells. Bmi-1 gene expression was detected by real-time RT-PCR and western blot analysis. We used flow cytometry and TUNEL assay to analyze the apoptosis of transfected cells, and examined cellular growth in vitro by MTT assay. We established an animal model and evaluated the therapeutic effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against Bmi-1. siRNA against Bmi-1 significantly knocked down Bmi-1 expression in HEp-2 cells, induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. Lentiviral Bmi-1-shRNA vector transfection also significantly reduced cell migration. The formation and growth rate of xenograft tumors in mice transfected with siRNA against Bmi-1 was significantly reduced. The loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol, and the increased activity of caspase-3, -8 and -9 occurred concomitantly with the inhibition of Bmi-1. Our data indicate that siRNA against Bmi-1 significantly suppresses tumor growth and induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bao Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kamat CD, Shmueli RB, Connis N, Rudin CM, Green JJ, Hann CL. Poly(β-amino ester) nanoparticle delivery of TP53 has activity against small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:405-15. [PMID: 23364678 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease with one of the highest case-fatality rates among cancer. The recommended therapy for SCLCs has not changed significantly over the past 30 years; new therapeutic approaches are a critical need. TP53 is mutated in the majority of SCLC cases and its loss is required in transgenic mouse models of the disease. We synthesized an array of biodegradable poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) polymers that self-assemble with DNA and assayed for transfection efficiency in the p53-mutant H446 SCLC cell line using high-throughput methodologies. Two of the top candidates were selected for further characterization and TP53 delivery in vitro and in vivo. Nanoparticle delivery of TP53 resulted in expression of exogenous p53, induction of p21, induction of apoptosis, and accumulation of cells in sub-G1 consistent with functional p53 activity. Intratumoral injection of subcutaneous H446 xenografts with polymers carrying TP53 caused marked tumor growth inhibition. This is the first demonstration of TP53 gene therapy in SCLC using nonviral polymeric nanoparticles. This technology may have general applicability as a novel anticancer strategy based on restoration of tumor suppressor gene function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekhar D Kamat
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee JM, Yoo JK, Yoo H, Jung HY, Lee DR, Jeong HC, Oh SH, Chung HM, Kim JK. The novel miR-7515 decreases the proliferation and migration of human lung cancer cells by targeting c-Met. Mol Cancer Res 2012; 11:43-53. [PMID: 23087254 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-12-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in human diseases, including lung cancer. miRNAs have oncogenic and nononcogenic functions in lung cancer. In this study, we report the identification of a novel miRNA, miR-7515, from lung cancer cells. The novel miR-7515 was characterized using various predictive programs and experimental methods. miR-7515 was able to forming a stem-loop structure and its sequence was conserved in mammals. The expression level of miR-7515 in lung cancer cells and tissues was profiled using TaqMan miRNA assays. miR-7515 was downregulated in lung cancer compared with normal human lung cells and tissues. The target of miR-7515 was determined using a dual luciferase reporter assay. Expression of the target gene was determined by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analysis after transfection with miR-7515. miR-7515 directly suppressed human mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (c-Met) by binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR). Overexpression of miR-7515 significantly decreased cell-cycle-related proteins downstream of c-Met through c-Met inhibition. Cell proliferation and migration were examined using the XTT proliferation assay and the Transwell migration assay. miR-7515 led to decreased cell proliferation, migration and invasion in a lung cancer cell line. These results suggest that miR-7515 plays an important role in the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells through c-Met regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463836, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Management of malignant pleural effusion by suicide gene therapy in advanced stage lung cancer: a case series and literature review. Cancer Gene Ther 2012; 19:593-600. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2012.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
15
|
Wang J, Gui Z, Deng L, Sun M, Guo R, Zhang W, Shen L. c-Met upregulates aquaporin 3 expression in human gastric carcinoma cells via the ERK signalling pathway. Cancer Lett 2012; 319:109-17. [PMID: 22261330 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) and c-Met are both overexpressed in human gastric carcinoma and highly associated with its metastasis and invasion. However, it still remains unknown whether c-Met and AQP3 correlate with each other. Herein, we demonstrated that c-Met expression in gastric cancer tissues significantly correlated with differentiation, lymph node metastasis and lymphovascular invasion, and c-Met exhibited marked association with AQP3 expression. Immunoblotting assays showed that hHGF phosphorylated c-Met in SGC7901 and AGS cells and upregulated AQP3 expression in a dose- or time-dependent way. RNAi against c-Met reduced total c-Met levels by about two thirds in both AGS and SGC7901 cells and attenuated hHGF-induced AQP3 expression significantly. In vitro migration and proliferation assays showed that siRNA against AQP3 noticeably restrained HGF-promoted migration and proliferation of these cells. Furthermore, Immunoblotting studies revealed that HGF induced phosphorylation of ERK, and pre-treatment with U0126, a MAPK/ERK inhibitor, partially inhibited hHGF-induced increase in AQP3 expression. Together, these data provide initial evidence that c-Met regulates the expression of AQP3 via the ERK signalling pathway in gastric carcinoma. These findings assist in understanding the mechanism of growth and invasion of gastric carcinoma, and provide a possible strategy for the inhibition of gastric tumor metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Friedman FB. So you always wanted to write about that patient who. Exp Mol Med 1981; 51:1-13. [PMID: 31827074 PMCID: PMC6906379 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0349-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains the deadliest of all the lung cancer types. Its high mortality is largely attributed to the invariable development of resistance to standard chemo/radiotherapies, which have remained unchanged for the past 30 years, underscoring the need for new therapeutic approaches. The discovery of molecular targets for chemoprevention and treatment has been hampered by the poor understanding of SCLC progression. In recent years, comprehensive omics-based analyses have led to the discovery of recurrent alterations in patient tumors, and functional studies using genetically engineered mouse models and patient-derived tumor models have provided information about the alterations critical for SCLC pathogenesis. Defining the somatic alterations scattered throughout the SCLC genome will help to understand the underlying mechanism of this devastating disease and pave the way for the discovery of therapeutic vulnerabilities associated with the genomic alterations. Alterations in the small cell lung cancer (SCLC) genome are critical for disease progression and relapse. A complete map of the genome in cancerous cells would greatly improve the chances of successfully treating this deadly disease. SCLC is often detected too late, and only five per cent of patients survive beyond five years after diagnosis. While the disease initially responds to standard chemotherapy, the cancer cells quickly build resistance and relapse follows. Kwon-Sik Park at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, US, and co-workers reviewed current understanding of SCLC genome alterations. The latest research highlights substantial variations in the SCLC genome between patients, with implications for existing treatment regimens. Researchers have made considerable progress in profiling the genome, with significant alterations, mutations and potential therapeutic targets now being explored in genetically engineered mouse models and patient-derived tumor models.
Collapse
|