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Jayawardena DP, Masciantonio MG, Wang L, Mehta S, DeGurse N, Pape C, Gill SE. Imbalance of Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cell-Expression of Metalloproteinases and Their Endogenous Inhibitors Promotes Septic Barrier Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097875. [PMID: 37175585 PMCID: PMC10178398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease characterized by excessive inflammation leading to organ dysfunction. During sepsis, pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVEC) lose barrier function associated with inter-PMVEC junction disruption. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAM), which are regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), can cleave cell-cell junctional proteins, suggesting a role in PMVEC barrier dysfunction. We hypothesize that septic PMVEC barrier dysfunction is due to a disruption in the balance between PMVEC-specific metalloproteinases and TIMPs leading to increased metalloproteinase activity. The effects of sepsis on TIMPs and metalloproteinases were assessed ex vivo in PMVEC from healthy (sham) and septic (cecal ligation and perforation) mice, as well as in vitro in isolated PMVEC stimulated with cytomix, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and cytomix + LPS vs. PBS. PMVEC had high basal Timp expression and lower metalloproteinase expression, and septic stimulation shifted expression in favour of metalloproteinases. Septic stimulation increased MMP13 and ADAM17 activity associated with a loss of inter-PMVEC junctional proteins and barrier dysfunction, which was rescued by treatment with metalloproteinase inhibitors. Collectively, our studies support a role for metalloproteinase-TIMP imbalance in septic PMVEC barrier dysfunction, and suggest that inhibition of specific metalloproteinases may be a therapeutic avenue for septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika P Jayawardena
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Marcello G Masciantonio
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Sanjay Mehta
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Natalie DeGurse
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Cynthia Pape
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Sean E Gill
- Centre for Critical Illness Research, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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In Vivo and In Vitro Mechanical Loading of Mouse Achilles Tendons and Tenocytes-A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041313. [PMID: 32075290 PMCID: PMC7072865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical force is a key factor for the maintenance, adaptation, and function of tendons. Investigating the impact of mechanical loading in tenocytes and tendons might provide important information on in vivo tendon mechanobiology. Therefore, the study aimed at understanding if an in vitro loading set up of tenocytes leads to similar regulations of cell shape and gene expression, as loading of the Achilles tendon in an in vivo mouse model. In vivo: The left tibiae of mice (n = 12) were subject to axial cyclic compressive loading for 3 weeks, and the Achilles tendons were harvested. The right tibiae served as the internal non-loaded control. In vitro: tenocytes were isolated from mice Achilles tendons and were loaded for 4 h or 5 days (n = 6 per group) based on the in vivo protocol. Histology showed significant differences in the cell shape between in vivo and in vitro loading. On the molecular level, quantitative real-time PCR revealed significant differences in the gene expression of collagen type I and III and of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). Tendon-associated markers showed a similar expression profile. This study showed that the gene expression of tendon markers was similar, whereas significant changes in the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) related genes were detected between in vivo and in vitro loading. This first pilot study is important for understanding to which extent in vitro stimulation set-ups of tenocytes can mimic in vivo characteristics.
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Marques e Silva S, Jerônimo MS, Silva-Pereira ID, Tavares AH, Bocca AL, Sousa JBD. Effects of metoclopramide on the expression of metalloproteinases and interleukins in left colonic anastomoses. An experimental study. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:762-9. [PMID: 26647796 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020150110000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of metoclopramide on metalloproteinases (MMP) and interleukins (IL) gene expression in colonic anastomoses in rats. METHODS Eighty rats were divided into two groups for euthanasia on the 3rd or 7th postoperative day (POD), then into two subgroups for sepsis induction or not, and then into subgroups to receive either metoclopramide or saline solution. Left colonic anastomosis were performed and then analyzed. RESULTS On the 3rd POD, metoclopramide was associated with increased expression of MMP-1a, MMP-13, and TNF-α. On the 7th POD, the transcripts of all MMPs, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and IL-10 of the treated animals became negatively modulated. In the presence of sepsis, metoclopramide did not change MMPs and decreased IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ and IL-10 gene expression on the 3rd POD. On the 7th POD, increased expression of all MMPs, IFN-γ and IL-10 and negative modulated TNF-α and IL-6 gene expression. CONCLUSION Administration of metoclopramide increased metalloproteinases and interleukins gene expression on the 3rd postoperative day and negatively modulated them on the 7th POD. In the presence of abdominal sepsis, metoclopramide did not change MMPs and decreased ILs gene expression on the 3rd POD. On the 7th POD, the drug increased expression of all MMPs.
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Foley CJ, Kuliopulos A. Mouse matrix metalloprotease-1a (Mmp1a) gives new insight into MMP function. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1875-80. [PMID: 24737602 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloprotease-1 (MMP1) has been implicated in many human disease processes, however the lack of a well characterized murine homologue has significantly limited the study of MMP1 and the development of MMP-targeted therapeutics. The discovery of murine Mmp1a in 2001, the functional mouse homologue of MMP1, offers a valuable tool for modeling MMP1-mediated processes in mice. Variation in physiologic expression levels of Mmp1a in mice as compared to MMP1 in humans highlights the importance of understanding the similarities and differences between the homologues. Recent studies have demonstrated tumor growth-, invasion-, and angiogenesis-promoting functions of Mmp1a in lung cancer models, consistent with the analogous functions observed for human MMP1. Biochemical investigations have shown that point mutations in the pro-domain of mouse Mmp1a weaken docking between the pro- and catalytic domains, generating an unstable zymogen primed for activation. The difficulty to effectively maintain Mmp1a in the zymogen form may account for the tight control of Mmp1a expression and reduced expression in normal tissue as compared to inflammatory states or cancer. This discovery raises important questions about the activation mechanisms and regulation of the MMP family in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin J Foley
- Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Program in Genetics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
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Silva SM, Jerônimo MS, Silva-Pereira I, Bocca AL, Sousa JB. Effects of bromopride on expression of metalloproteinases and interleukins in left colonic anastomoses: an experimental study. Braz J Med Biol Res 2014; 47:911-6. [PMID: 25140813 PMCID: PMC4181227 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anastomotic dehiscence is the most severe complication of colorectal surgery.
Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and interleukins (ILs) can be used to analyze the healing
process of anastomosis. To evaluate the effects of bromopride on MMP and cytokine
gene expression in left colonic anastomoses in rats with or without induced abdominal
sepsis, 80 rats were divided into two groups for euthanasia on the third or seventh
postoperative day (POD). They were then divided into subgroups of 20 rats for sepsis
induction or not, and then into subgroups of 10 rats for administration of bromopride
or saline. Left colonic anastomosis was performed and abdominal sepsis was induced by
cecal ligation and puncture. A colonic segment containing the anastomosis was removed
for analysis of gene expression of MMP-1α, MMP-8, MMP-13, IL-β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor
necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). On the third POD, bromopride was
associated with increased MMP-1α, MMP-13, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-10 gene expression. On
the seventh POD, all MMP transcripts became negatively modulated and all IL
transcripts became positively modulated. In the presence of sepsis, bromopride
administration increased MMP-8 and IFN-γ gene expression and decreased MMP-1, TNF-α,
IL-6, and IL-10 gene expression on the third POD. On the seventh POD, we observed
increased expression of MMP-13 and all cytokines, except for TNF-α. In conclusion,
bromopride interferes with MMP and IL gene expression during anastomotic healing.
Further studies are needed to correlate these changes with the healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - M S Jerônimo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - I Silva-Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - A L Bocca
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - J B Sousa
- Departamento de Clínica Cirúrgica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
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