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Zhong Y, Li Z, Zou J, Pan T, Li P, Yu G, Wang X, Wang S, Zhang J. A mild and efficient closed-loop recycling strategy for spent lithium-ion battery. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134794. [PMID: 38850929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
As lithium metal resource supply and demand stabilize and prices decrease, the efficient recovery of valuable metals other than lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries is receiving increasing attention. Currently, challenges remain in the selective lithium recovery efficiency and the high cost of regenerating valuable metal slag after lithium extraction, particularly for spent ternary cathode materials. To address these challenges, this study introduces a closed-loop recovery process for spent ternary cathode materials, employing sulfur-assisted roasting to achieve efficient lithium extraction and high-value direct regeneration of ternary leaching residues. At moderate temperatures (500 ℃), LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (NCM) materials undergo a directional transformation of lithium to Li2SO4 in synergy with sulfur and oxygen, achieving a lithium leaching extraction rate of 98.91 %. Additionally, the relatively mild reaction conditions preserve the secondary spherical morphology and uniform distribution of NiCoMn-based oxide residue without introducing adverse impurities, ensuring the successful regeneration of high-value NCM cathode materials (R-NCM). The R-NCM material exhibits good discharge capacity (144.3 mA·h/g at 1 C) and relatively stable cycling performance, with a capacity retention rate of 80 % after 150 cycles. This work provides a viable pathway for the efficient and environmental-friendly pyrometallurgical closed-loop recovery of spent lithium-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhong
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Zongrun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Jingtian Zou
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Ting Pan
- Zhejiang HeHui Ecological Environment Technology Co., Itd, Jiaxing 314201, PR China
| | - Pengfei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Guihui Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Shubin Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ecological Environment Simulation and Protection, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Jiafeng Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China.
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Feng L, Liu Y, Wu L, Qin W, Yang Z. Enhancement on inter-layer stability on Na-doped LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 cathode material. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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