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Brisson V, Tremblay P. Assessing the Impact of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Speech Perception in Noise. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:2184-2207. [PMID: 39023366 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Healthy aging is associated with reduced speech perception in noise (SPiN) abilities. The etiology of these difficulties remains elusive, which prevents the development of new strategies to optimize the speech processing network and reduce these difficulties. The objective of this study was to determine if sublexical SPiN performance can be enhanced by applying TMS to three regions involved in processing speech: the left posterior temporal sulcus, the left superior temporal gyrus, and the left ventral premotor cortex. The second objective was to assess the impact of several factors (age, baseline performance, target, brain structure, and activity) on post-TMS SPiN improvement. The results revealed that participants with lower baseline performance were more likely to improve. Moreover, in older adults, cortical thickness within the target areas was negatively associated with performance improvement, whereas this association was null in younger individuals. No differences between the targets were found. This study suggests that TMS can modulate sublexical SPiN performance, but that the strength and direction of the effects depend on a complex combination of contextual and individual factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Brisson
- Université Laval, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche CERVO, Québec, Canada
| | - Pascale Tremblay
- Université Laval, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche CERVO, Québec, Canada
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2
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Clark KB. Neural Field Continuum Limits and the Structure-Function Partitioning of Cognitive-Emotional Brain Networks. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:352. [PMID: 36979044 PMCID: PMC10045557 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
In The cognitive-emotional brain, Pessoa overlooks continuum effects on nonlinear brain network connectivity by eschewing neural field theories and physiologically derived constructs representative of neuronal plasticity. The absence of this content, which is so very important for understanding the dynamic structure-function embedding and partitioning of brains, diminishes the rich competitive and cooperative nature of neural networks and trivializes Pessoa's arguments, and similar arguments by other authors, on the phylogenetic and operational significance of an optimally integrated brain filled with variable-strength neural connections. Riemannian neuromanifolds, containing limit-imposing metaplastic Hebbian- and antiHebbian-type control variables, simulate scalable network behavior that is difficult to capture from the simpler graph-theoretic analysis preferred by Pessoa and other neuroscientists. Field theories suggest the partitioning and performance benefits of embedded cognitive-emotional networks that optimally evolve between exotic classical and quantum computational phases, where matrix singularities and condensations produce degenerate structure-function homogeneities unrealistic of healthy brains. Some network partitioning, as opposed to unconstrained embeddedness, is thus required for effective execution of cognitive-emotional network functions and, in our new era of neuroscience, should be considered a critical aspect of proper brain organization and operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B. Clark
- Cures Within Reach, Chicago, IL 60602, USA;
- Felidae Conservation Fund, Mill Valley, CA 94941, USA
- Campus and Domain Champions Program, Multi-Tier Assistance, Training, and Computational Help (MATCH) Track, National Science Foundation’s Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services and Support (ACCESS), https://access-ci.org/
- Expert Network, Penn Center for Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Network for Life Detection (NfoLD), NASA Astrobiology Program, NASA Ames Research Center, Mountain View, CA 94035, USA
- Multi-Omics and Systems Biology & Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Analysis Working Groups, NASA GeneLab, NASA Ames Research Center, Mountain View, CA 94035, USA
- Frontier Development Lab, NASA Ames Research Center, Mountain View, CA 94035, USA & SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
- Peace Innovation Institute, The Hague 2511, Netherlands & Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
- Shared Interest Group for Natural and Artificial Intelligence (sigNAI), Max Planck Alumni Association, 14057 Berlin, Germany
- Biometrics and Nanotechnology Councils, Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), New York, NY 10016, USA
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3
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Wilson MT, Goldsworthy MR, Vallence AM, Fornito A, Rogasch NC. Finding synaptic couplings from a biophysical model of motor evoked potentials after theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation. Brain Res 2023; 1801:148205. [PMID: 36563834 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to use measured input-output (IO) data to identify the best fitting model for motor evoked potentials. METHODS We analyzed existing IO data before and after intermittent and continuous theta-burst stimulation (iTBS & cTBS) from a small group of subjects (18 for each). We fitted individual synaptic couplings and sensitivity parameters using variations of a biophysical model. A best performing model was selected and analyzed. RESULTS cTBS gives a broad reduction in MEPs for amplitudes larger than resting motor threshold (RMT). Close to threshold, iTBS gives strong potentiation. The model captures individual IO curves. There is no change to the population average synaptic weights post TBS but the change in excitatory-to-excitatory synaptic coupling is strongly correlated with the experimental post-TBS response relative to baseline. CONCLUSIONS The model describes population-averaged and individual IO curves, and their post-TBS change. Variation among individuals is accounted for with variation in synaptic couplings, and variation in sensitivity of neural response to stimulation. SIGNIFICANCE The best fitting model could be applied more broadly and validation studies could elucidate underlying biophysical meaning of parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus T Wilson
- Te Aka Mātuatua-School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| | - Mitchell R Goldsworthy
- Lifespan Human Neurophysiology Group, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Hopwood Centre for Neurobiology, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ann-Maree Vallence
- Discipline of Psychology, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Alex Fornito
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel C Rogasch
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia
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4
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Suppa A, Asci F, Guerra A. Transcranial magnetic stimulation as a tool to induce and explore plasticity in humans. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:73-89. [PMID: 35034759 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity is the main theoretical framework to explain mechanisms of learning and memory. Synaptic plasticity can be explored experimentally in animals through various standardized protocols for eliciting long-term potentiation and long-term depression in hippocampal and cortical slices. In humans, several non-invasive protocols of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation have been designed and applied to probe synaptic plasticity in the primary motor cortex, as reflected by long-term changes in motor evoked potential amplitudes. These protocols mimic those normally used in animal studies for assessing long-term potentiation and long-term depression. In this chapter, we first discuss the physiologic basis of theta-burst stimulation, paired associative stimulation, and transcranial direct current stimulation. We describe the current biophysical and theoretical models underlying the molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity and metaplasticity, defined as activity-dependent changes in neural functions that modulate subsequent synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), in the human motor cortex including calcium-dependent plasticity, spike-timing-dependent plasticity, the role of N-methyl-d-aspartate-related transmission and gamma-aminobutyric-acid interneuronal activity. We also review the putative microcircuits responsible for synaptic plasticity in the human motor cortex. We critically readdress the issue of variability in studies investigating synaptic plasticity and propose available solutions. Finally, we speculate about the utility of future studies with more advanced experimental approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Suppa
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed Institute, Pozzilli (IS), Italy.
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Shirinpour S, Hananeia N, Rosado J, Tran H, Galanis C, Vlachos A, Jedlicka P, Queisser G, Opitz A. Multi-scale modeling toolbox for single neuron and subcellular activity under Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Brain Stimul 2021; 14:1470-1482. [PMID: 34562659 PMCID: PMC8608742 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a widely used non-invasive brain stimulation method. However, its mechanism of action and the neural response to TMS are still poorly understood. Multi-scale modeling can complement experimental research to study the subcellular neural effects of TMS. At the macroscopic level, sophisticated numerical models exist to estimate the induced electric fields. However, multi-scale computational modeling approaches to predict TMS cellular and subcellular responses, crucial to understanding TMS plasticity inducing protocols, are not available so far. OBJECTIVE We develop an open-source multi-scale toolbox Neuron Modeling for TMS (NeMo-TMS) to address this problem. METHODS NeMo-TMS generates accurate neuron models from morphological reconstructions, couples them to the external electric fields induced by TMS, and simulates the cellular and subcellular responses of single-pulse and repetitive TMS. RESULTS We provide examples showing some of the capabilities of the toolbox. CONCLUSION NeMo-TMS toolbox allows researchers a previously not available level of detail and precision in realistically modeling the physical and physiological effects of TMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Shirinpour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
| | - Nicholas Hananeia
- Faculty of Medicine, ICAR3R - Interdisciplinary Centre for 3Rs in Animal Research, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - James Rosado
- Department of Mathematics, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Harry Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Christos Galanis
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Vlachos
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center Brain Links Brain Tools, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Jedlicka
- Faculty of Medicine, ICAR3R - Interdisciplinary Centre for 3Rs in Animal Research, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
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Jafarian A, Zeidman P, Wykes RC, Walker M, Friston KJ. Adiabatic dynamic causal modelling. Neuroimage 2021; 238:118243. [PMID: 34116151 PMCID: PMC8350149 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This technical note introduces adiabatic dynamic causal modelling, a method for inferring slow changes in biophysical parameters that control fluctuations of fast neuronal states. The application domain we have in mind is inferring slow changes in variables (e.g., extracellular ion concentrations or synaptic efficacy) that underlie phase transitions in brain activity (e.g., paroxysmal seizure activity). The scheme is efficient and yet retains a biophysical interpretation, in virtue of being based on established neural mass models that are equipped with a slow dynamic on the parameters (such as synaptic rate constants or effective connectivity). In brief, we use an adiabatic approximation to summarise fast fluctuations in hidden neuronal states (and their expression in sensors) in terms of their second order statistics; namely, their complex cross spectra. This allows one to specify and compare models of slowly changing parameters (using Bayesian model reduction) that generate a sequence of empirical cross spectra of electrophysiological recordings. Crucially, we use the slow fluctuations in the spectral power of neuronal activity as empirical priors on changes in synaptic parameters. This introduces a circular causality, in which synaptic parameters underwrite fast neuronal activity that, in turn, induces activity-dependent plasticity in synaptic parameters. In this foundational paper, we describe the underlying model, establish its face validity using simulations and provide an illustrative application to a chemoconvulsant animal model of seizure activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Jafarian
- Cambridge Centre for Frontotemporal Dementia and Related Disorders, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK; The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UK.
| | - Peter Zeidman
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UK
| | - Rob C Wykes
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UK; Nanomedicine Lab, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Matthew Walker
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UK
| | - Karl J Friston
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UK
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Wilson MT, Moezzi B, Rogasch NC. Modeling motor-evoked potentials from neural field simulations of transcranial magnetic stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 132:412-428. [PMID: 33450564 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a population-based biophysical model of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) following transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). METHODS We combined an existing MEP model with population-based cortical modeling. Layer 2/3 excitatory and inhibitory neural populations, modeled with neural-field theory, are stimulated with TMS and feed layer 5 corticospinal neurons, which also couple directly but weakly to the TMS pulse. The layer 5 output controls mean motoneuron responses, which generate a series of single motor-unit action potentials that are summed to estimate a MEP. RESULTS A MEP waveform was generated comparable to those observed experimentally. The model captured TMS phenomena including a sigmoidal input-output curve, common paired pulse effects (short interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation, long interval intracortical inhibition) including responses to pharmacological interventions, and a cortical silent period. Changes in MEP amplitude following theta burst paradigms were observed including variability in outcome direction. CONCLUSIONS The model reproduces effects seen in common TMS paradigms. SIGNIFICANCE The model allows population-based modeling of changes in cortical dynamics due to TMS protocols to be assessed in terms of changes in MEPs, thus allowing a clear comparison between population-based modeling predictions and typical experimental outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus T Wilson
- Te Aka Mātuatua-School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
| | - Bahar Moezzi
- Cognitive Ageing and Impairment Neurosciences Laboratory, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, The University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Nigel C Rogasch
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Australia; Brain, Mind and Society Research Hub, The School of Psychologcial Sciences, The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Australia
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8
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Obesity is Associated with Reduced Plasticity of the Human Motor Cortex. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10090579. [PMID: 32839377 PMCID: PMC7564681 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10090579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterised by excessive body fat and is associated with several detrimental health conditions, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. There is some evidence that people who are obese have structural and functional brain alterations and cognitive deficits. It may be that these neurophysiological and behavioural consequences are underpinned by altered plasticity. This study investigated the relationship between obesity and plasticity of the motor cortex in people who were considered obese (n = 14, nine males, aged 35.4 ± 14.3 years) or healthy weight (n = 16, seven males, aged 26.3 ± 8.5 years). A brain stimulation protocol known as continuous theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied to the motor cortex to induce a brief suppression of cortical excitability. The suppression of cortical excitability was quantified using single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to record and measure the amplitude of the motor evoked potential in a peripheral hand muscle. Therefore, the magnitude of suppression of the motor evoked potential by continuous theta burst stimulation was used as a measure of the capacity for plasticity of the motor cortex. Our results demonstrate that the healthy-weight group had a significant suppression of cortical excitability following continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS), but there was no change in excitability for the obese group. Comparing the response to cTBS between groups demonstrated that there was an impaired plasticity response for the obese group when compared to the healthy-weight group. This might suggest that the capacity for plasticity is reduced in people who are obese. Given the importance of plasticity for human behaviour, our results add further emphasis to the potentially detrimental health effects of obesity.
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9
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Yu F, Tang X, Hu R, Liang S, Wang W, Tian S, Wu Y, Yuan TF, Zhu Y. The After-Effect of Accelerated Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation at Different Session Intervals. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:576. [PMID: 32670006 PMCID: PMC7330092 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to investigate the after-effect of three sessions of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) on motor cortical excitability. The iTBS was induced over the primary motor cortex (M1) at different time intervals. METHODS The study has a crossover design. Sixteen participants were assigned to three groups and received different accelerated iTBS (aiTBS) protocols during each visit: (1) three continuous sessions with no interval (iTBS18000); (2) three iTBS sessions with 10-min intervals (iTBS600 × 3∗10); and (3) three iTBS sessions with 30-min intervals (iTBS600 × 3∗30). As washout period, each visit is separated by at least 7 days. We measured the motor cortical excitability changes and intracortical inhibition. RESULTS A dose of 1,800 pulses of aiTBS per day is tolerable. The iTBS1800 led to a reduced cortical excitability; whereas iTBS600 × 3∗10 and iTBS600 × 3∗30 enhanced cortical excitability to a differential extent. After a total dose of 1,800 pulses, iTBS600 × 3∗30 exhibited the longer effect and highest percentage of individuals with enhanced cortical excitability. CONCLUSION The results suggest that aiTBS protocols at different time intervals result in different motor cortical excitability after-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyun Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwei Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiping Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijie Liang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Weining Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ti-Fei Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yulian Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Byrne Á, O'Dea RD, Forrester M, Ross J, Coombes S. Next-generation neural mass and field modeling. J Neurophysiol 2019; 123:726-742. [PMID: 31774370 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00406.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wilson-Cowan population model of neural activity has greatly influenced our understanding of the mechanisms for the generation of brain rhythms and the emergence of structured brain activity. As well as the many insights that have been obtained from its mathematical analysis, it is now widely used in the computational neuroscience community for building large-scale in silico brain networks that can incorporate the increasing amount of knowledge from the Human Connectome Project. Here, we consider a neural population model in the spirit of that originally developed by Wilson and Cowan, albeit with the added advantage that it can account for the phenomena of event-related synchronization and desynchronization. This derived mean-field model provides a dynamic description for the evolution of synchrony, as measured by the Kuramoto order parameter, in a large population of quadratic integrate-and-fire model neurons. As in the original Wilson-Cowan framework, the population firing rate is at the heart of our new model; however, in a significant departure from the sigmoidal firing rate function approach, the population firing rate is now obtained as a real-valued function of the complex-valued population synchrony measure. To highlight the usefulness of this next-generation Wilson-Cowan style model, we deploy it in a number of neurobiological contexts, providing understanding of the changes in power spectra observed in electro- and magnetoencephalography neuroimaging studies of motor cortex during movement, insights into patterns of functional connectivity observed during rest and their disruption by transcranial magnetic stimulation, and to describe wave propagation across cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Áine Byrne
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Reuben D O'Dea
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Forrester
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - James Ross
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Coombes
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Sanz-Leon P, Robinson PA, Knock SA, Drysdale PM, Abeysuriya RG, Fung FK, Rennie CJ, Zhao X. NFTsim: Theory and Simulation of Multiscale Neural Field Dynamics. PLoS Comput Biol 2018; 14:e1006387. [PMID: 30133448 PMCID: PMC6122812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A user ready, portable, documented software package, NFTsim, is presented to facilitate numerical simulations of a wide range of brain systems using continuum neural field modeling. NFTsim enables users to simulate key aspects of brain activity at multiple scales. At the microscopic scale, it incorporates characteristics of local interactions between cells, neurotransmitter effects, synaptodendritic delays and feedbacks. At the mesoscopic scale, it incorporates information about medium to large scale axonal ranges of fibers, which are essential to model dissipative wave transmission and to produce synchronous oscillations and associated cross-correlation patterns as observed in local field potential recordings of active tissue. At the scale of the whole brain, NFTsim allows for the inclusion of long range pathways, such as thalamocortical projections, when generating macroscopic activity fields. The multiscale nature of the neural activity produced by NFTsim has the potential to enable the modeling of resulting quantities measurable via various neuroimaging techniques. In this work, we give a comprehensive description of the design and implementation of the software. Due to its modularity and flexibility, NFTsim enables the systematic study of an unlimited number of neural systems with multiple neural populations under a unified framework and allows for direct comparison with analytic and experimental predictions. The code is written in C++ and bundled with Matlab routines for a rapid quantitative analysis and visualization of the outputs. The output of NFTsim is stored in plain text file enabling users to select from a broad range of tools for offline analysis. This software enables a wide and convenient use of powerful physiologically-based neural field approaches to brain modeling. NFTsim is distributed under the Apache 2.0 license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sanz-Leon
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Center for Integrative Brain Function, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter A. Robinson
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Center for Integrative Brain Function, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stuart A. Knock
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Center for Integrative Brain Function, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Romesh G. Abeysuriya
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Center for Integrative Brain Function, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Felix K. Fung
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Center for Integrative Brain Function, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Xuelong Zhao
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Center for Integrative Brain Function, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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12
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Hutt A, Griffiths JD, Herrmann CS, Lefebvre J. Effect of Stimulation Waveform on the Non-linear Entrainment of Cortical Alpha Oscillations. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:376. [PMID: 29997467 PMCID: PMC6028725 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, there has been a surge of interest in using patterned brain stimulation to manipulate cortical oscillations, in both experimental and clinical settings. But the relationship between stimulation waveform and its impact on ongoing oscillations remains poorly understood and severely restrains the development of new paradigms. To address some aspects of this intricate problem, we combine computational and mathematical approaches, providing new insights into the influence of waveform of both low and high-frequency stimuli on synchronous neural activity. Using a cellular-based cortical microcircuit network model, we performed numerical simulations to test the influence of different waveforms on ongoing alpha oscillations, and derived a mean-field description of stimulation-driven dynamics to better understand the observed responses. Our analysis shows that high-frequency periodic stimulation translates into an effective transformation of the neurons' response function, leading to waveform-dependent changes in oscillatory dynamics and resting state activity. Moreover, we found that randomly fluctuating stimulation linearizes the neuron response function while constant input moves its activation threshold. Taken together, our findings establish a new theoretical framework in which stimulation waveforms impact neural systems at the population-scale through non-linear interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Hutt
- Deutscher Wetterdienst, Department FE12-Data Assimilation, Offenbach am Main, Germany
| | - John D Griffiths
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christoph S Herrmann
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", European Medical, School, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jérémie Lefebvre
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Mathematics and Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Wilson MT, Fulcher BD, Fung PK, Robinson P, Fornito A, Rogasch NC. Biophysical modeling of neural plasticity induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:1230-1241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gollo LL, Roberts JA, Cocchi L. Mapping how local perturbations influence systems-level brain dynamics. Neuroimage 2017; 160:97-112. [PMID: 28126550 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain exhibits a distinct spatiotemporal organization that supports brain function and can be manipulated via local brain stimulation. Such perturbations to local cortical dynamics are globally integrated by distinct neural systems. However, it remains unclear how local changes in neural activity affect large-scale system dynamics. Here, we briefly review empirical and computational studies addressing how localized perturbations affect brain activity. We then systematically analyze a model of large-scale brain dynamics, assessing how localized changes in brain activity at the different sites affect whole-brain dynamics. We find that local stimulation induces changes in brain activity that can be summarized by relatively smooth tuning curves, which relate a region's effectiveness as a stimulation site to its position within the cortical hierarchy. Our results also support the notion that brain hubs, operating in a slower regime, are more resilient to focal perturbations and critically contribute to maintain stability in global brain dynamics. In contrast, perturbations of peripheral regions, characterized by faster activity, have greater impact on functional connectivity. As a parallel with this region-level result, we also find that peripheral systems such as the visual and sensorimotor networks were more affected by local perturbations than high-level systems such as the cingulo-opercular network. Our findings highlight the importance of a periphery-to-core hierarchy to determine the effect of local stimulation on the brain network. This study also provides novel resources to orient empirical work aiming at manipulating functional connectivity using non-invasive brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James A Roberts
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Luca Cocchi
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
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15
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Weise D, Mann J, Rumpf JJ, Hallermann S, Classen J. Differential Regulation of Human Paired Associative Stimulation-Induced and Theta-Burst Stimulation-Induced Plasticity by L-type and T-type Ca2+Channels. Cereb Cortex 2016; 27:4010-4021. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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16
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Wilson MT, Fung PK, Robinson PA, Shemmell J, Reynolds JNJ. Calcium dependent plasticity applied to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation with a neural field model. J Comput Neurosci 2016; 41:107-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s10827-016-0607-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Stephan MA, Brown R, Lega C, Penhune V. Melodic Priming of Motor Sequence Performance: The Role of the Dorsal Premotor Cortex. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:210. [PMID: 27242414 PMCID: PMC4862034 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to specific auditory sequences leads to the induction of new motor memories and to investigate the role of the dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC) in this crossmodal learning process. Fifty-two young healthy non-musicians were familiarized with the sound to key-press mapping on a computer keyboard and tested on their baseline motor performance. Each participant received subsequently either continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) or sham stimulation over the dPMC and was then asked to remember a 12-note melody without moving. For half of the participants, the contour of the melody memorized was congruent to a subsequently performed, but never practiced, finger movement sequence (Congruent group). For the other half, the melody memorized was incongruent to the subsequent finger movement sequence (Incongruent group). Hearing a congruent melody led to significantly faster performance of a motor sequence immediately thereafter compared to hearing an incongruent melody. In addition, cTBS speeded up motor performance in both groups, possibly by relieving motor consolidation from interference by the declarative melody memorization task. Our findings substantiate recent evidence that exposure to a movement-related tone sequence can induce specific, crossmodal encoding of a movement sequence representation. They further suggest that cTBS over the dPMC may enhance early offline procedural motor skill consolidation in cognitive states where motor consolidation would normally be disturbed by concurrent declarative memory processes. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of auditory-motor system interactions and have implications for the development of new motor rehabilitation approaches using sound and non-invasive brain stimulation as neuromodulatory tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne A Stephan
- Department of Psychology, Concordia UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada; International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), University of MontrealMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rachel Brown
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), University of MontrealMontreal, QC, Canada; Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht UniversityMaastricht, Netherlands
| | - Carlotta Lega
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), University of MontrealMontreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Milano-BicoccaMilan, Italy
| | - Virginia Penhune
- Department of Psychology, Concordia UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada; International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), University of MontrealMontreal, QC, Canada
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18
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Jones CB, Lulic T, Bailey AZ, Mackenzie TN, Mi YQ, Tommerdahl M, Nelson AJ. Metaplasticity in human primary somatosensory cortex: effects on physiology and tactile perception. J Neurophysiol 2016; 115:2681-91. [PMID: 26984422 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00630.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Theta-burst stimulation (TBS) over human primary motor cortex evokes plasticity and metaplasticity, the latter contributing to the homeostatic balance of excitation and inhibition. Our knowledge of TBS-induced effects on primary somatosensory cortex (SI) is limited, and it is unknown whether TBS induces metaplasticity within human SI. Sixteen right-handed participants (6 females, mean age 23 yr) received two TBS protocols [continuous TBS (cTBS) and intermittent TBS (iTBS)] delivered in six different combinations over SI in separate sessions. TBS protocols were delivered at 30 Hz and were as follows: a single cTBS protocol, a single iTBS protocol, cTBS followed by cTBS, iTBS followed by iTBS, cTBS followed by iTBS, and iTBS followed by cTBS. Measures included the amplitudes of the first and second somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) via median nerve stimulation, their paired-pulse ratio (PPR), and temporal order judgment (TOJ). Dependent measures were obtained before TBS and at 5, 25, 50, and 90 min following stimulation. Results indicate similar effects following cTBS and iTBS; increased amplitudes of the second SEP and PPR without amplitude changes to SEP 1, and impairments in TOJ. Metaplasticity was observed such that TOJ impairments following a single cTBS protocol were abolished following consecutive cTBS protocols. Additionally, consecutive iTBS protocols altered the time course of effects when compared with a single iTBS protocol. In conclusion, 30-Hz cTBS and iTBS protocols delivered in isolation induce effects consistent with a TBS-induced reduction in intracortical inhibition within SI. Furthermore, cTBS- and iTBS-induced metaplasticity appear to follow homeostatic and nonhomeostatic rules, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina B Jones
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Tea Lulic
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Aaron Z Bailey
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Tanner N Mackenzie
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Yi Qun Mi
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Mark Tommerdahl
- Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Aimee J Nelson
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
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19
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Dippel G, Beste C. A causal role of the right inferior frontal cortex in implementing strategies for multi-component behaviour. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6587. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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