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Kawano T, Inokuchi J, Eto M, Murata M, Kang JH. Protein Kinase C (PKC) Isozymes as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5425. [PMID: 36358843 PMCID: PMC9658272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a large family of calcium- and phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinases that consists of at least 11 isozymes. Based on their structural characteristics and mode of activation, the PKC family is classified into three subfamilies: conventional or classic (cPKCs; α, βI, βII, and γ), novel or non-classic (nPKCs; δ, ε, η, and θ), and atypical (aPKCs; ζ, ι, and λ) (PKCλ is the mouse homolog of PKCι) PKC isozymes. PKC isozymes play important roles in proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and anticancer drug resistance in cancer cells. Several studies have shown a positive relationship between PKC isozymes and poor disease-free survival, poor survival following anticancer drug treatment, and increased recurrence. Furthermore, a higher level of PKC activation has been reported in cancer tissues compared to that in normal tissues. These data suggest that PKC isozymes represent potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge and discusses the potential of PKC isozymes as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Kawano
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jeong-Hun Kang
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Shinmachi, Kishibe, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
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Park JH, Park SA, Lee YJ, Park HW, Oh SM. PBK attenuates paclitaxel-induced autophagic cell death by suppressing p53 in H460 non-small-cell lung cancer cells. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:937-950. [PMID: 32237067 PMCID: PMC7193173 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PDZ‐binding kinase (PBK) has previously been shown to mediate chemoresistance of cancer cells to anticancer drugs. However, it remains unclear how PBK regulates paclitaxel‐induced cancer cell death. Here, we demonstrate that PBK hinders paclitaxel‐mediated autophagic cell death in H460 non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells. PBK knockdown increased apoptosis, autophagy, p53 level, and LC3 puncta upon paclitaxel treatment. Moreover, p53 expression facilitated an increase in the LC3‐II/LC3‐I ratio in response to paclitaxel, and PBK knockdown augmented paclitaxel‐mediated p53 transcriptional activity. Meanwhile, paclitaxel induced PBK‐mediated p53 nuclear export and its subsequent ubiquitination in control cells, but not in PBK knockdown cells. We conclude that PBK hampers paclitaxel‐induced autophagic cell death by suppressing p53, suggesting a potential role of PBK in p53‐mediated H460 cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwan Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Ah Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Ju Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hwan-Woo Park
- Department of Cell biology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Muk Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea.,Priority Research Center, Myunggok Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
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Li H, Zhang P, Luo J, Hu D, Huang Y, Zhang ZR, Fu Y, Gong T. Chondroitin Sulfate-Linked Prodrug Nanoparticles Target the Golgi Apparatus for Cancer Metastasis Treatment. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9386-9396. [PMID: 31375027 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep biological process regulated by multiple signaling pathways. The integrity of the Golgi apparatus plays an important role in these signaling pathways. Inspired by the mechanism and our previous finding about accumulation of chondroitin sulfate in Golgi apparatus in hepatic stellate cells, we developed a Golgi apparatus-targeting prodrug nanoparticle system by synthesizing retinoic acid (RA)-conjugated chondroitin sulfate (CS) (CS-RA). The prodrug nanoparticles appeared to accumulate in the Golgi apparatus in cancer cells and realized RA release under an acidic environment. We confirmed that CS-RA exhibited successful inhibition of multiple metastasis-associated proteins expression in vitro and in vivo by disruption of the Golgi apparatus structure. Following loading with paclitaxel (PTX), the CS-RA based nanoformulation (PTX-CS-RA) inhibited migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in vitro and suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in 4T1-Luc bearing mice. This multistep targeted nanoparticle system potentially enhanced the effect of antimetastasis combined with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Jingwen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Danrong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Zhi-Rong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
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Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is a central intracellular membrane-bound organelle with key functions in trafficking, processing, and sorting of newly synthesized membrane and secretory proteins and lipids. To best perform these functions, Golgi membranes form a unique stacked structure. The Golgi structure is dynamic but tightly regulated; it undergoes rapid disassembly and reassembly during the cell cycle of mammalian cells and is disrupted under certain stress and pathological conditions. In the past decade, significant amount of effort has been made to reveal the molecular mechanisms that regulate the Golgi membrane architecture and function. Here we review the major discoveries in the mechanisms of Golgi structure formation, regulation, and alteration in relation to its functions in physiological and pathological conditions to further our understanding of Golgi structure and function in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Erpan Ahat
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yanzhuang Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Jäntti MH, Talman V, Räsänen K, Tarvainen I, Koistinen H, Tuominen RK. Anticancer activity of the protein kinase C modulator HMI-1a3 in 2D and 3D cell culture models of androgen-responsive and androgen-unresponsive prostate cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:817-828. [PMID: 29744295 PMCID: PMC5929934 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Although it has a relatively high 5‐year survival rate, development of resistance to standard androgen‐deprivation therapy is a significant clinical problem. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. The protein kinase C (PKC) family is a putative prostate cancer drug target, but so far no PKC‐targeting drugs are available for clinical use. By contrast to the standard approach of developing PKC inhibitors, we have developed isophthalate derivatives as PKC agonists. In this study, we have characterized the effects of the most potent isophthalate, 5‐(hydroxymethyl)isophthalate 1a3 (HMI‐1a3), on three prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, DU145, and PC3) using both 2D and 3D cell culture models. In 2D cell culture, HMI‐1a3 reduced cell viability or proliferation in all cell lines as determined by the metabolic activity of the cells (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide assay) and thymidine incorporation. However, the mechanism of action in LNCaP cells was different to that in DU145 or PC3 cells. In LNCaP cells, HMI‐1a3 induced a PKC‐dependent activation of caspase 3/7, indicating an apoptotic response, whereas in DU145 and PC3 cells, it induced senescence, which was independent of PKC. This was observed as typical senescent morphology, increased β‐galactosidase activity, and upregulation of the senescence marker p21 and downregulation of E2F transcription factor 1. Using a multicellular spheroid model, we further showed that HMI‐1a3 affects the growth of LNCaP and DU145 cells in a 3D culture, emphasizing its potential as a lead compound for cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria H Jäntti
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Virpi Talman
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Kati Räsänen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry Medicum University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Finland
| | - Ilari Tarvainen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy University of Helsinki Finland
| | - Hannu Koistinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry Medicum University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Finland
| | - Raimo K Tuominen
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy University of Helsinki Finland
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Synergism between PKCδ regulators hypericin and rottlerin enhances apoptosis in U87 MG glioma cells after light stimulation. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 18:267-274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Atala A. Re: A Tumor Mitochondria Vaccine Protects against Experimental Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Urol 2016; 196:279-81. [PMID: 27321537 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.03.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Li Q, Ma Z, Liu Y, Kan X, Wang C, Su B, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang P, Luo Y, Na D, Wang L, Zhang G, Zhu X, Wang L. Low doses of paclitaxel enhance liver metastasis of breast cancer cells in the mouse model. FEBS J 2016; 283:2836-52. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Zhuang Ma
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Yinhua Liu
- Surgery Department; Peking University First Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Xiaoxi Kan
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Changjun Wang
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Bingnan Su
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Pingzhang Wang
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Daxiang Na
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Lanlan Wang
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Guoying Zhang
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Immunology; Center for Human Disease Genomics; School of Basic Medical Science; Peking University Health Science Centre; Beijing China
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Flores ML, Castilla C, Gasca J, Medina R, Pérez-Valderrama B, Romero F, Japón MA, Sáez C. Loss of PKCδ Induces Prostate Cancer Resistance to Paclitaxel through Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway and Mcl-1 Accumulation. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1713-25. [PMID: 27196755 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among men in developed countries. Although castration therapy is initially effective, prostate cancers progress to hormone-refractory disease and in this case taxane-based chemotherapy is widely used. Castration-resistant prostate cancer cells often develop resistance to chemotherapy agents and the search for new therapeutic strategies is necessary. In this article, we demonstrate that PKCδ silencing favors mitotic arrest after paclitaxel treatment in PC3 and LNCaP cells; however, this is associated with resistance to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. In prostate cancer cells, PKCδ seems to exert a proapoptotic role, acting as a negative regulator of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. PKCδ silencing induces activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the expression of its target genes, including Aurora kinase A, which is involved in activation of Akt and both factors play a key role in GSK3β inactivation and consequently in the stabilization of β-catenin and antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1. We also show that combined treatments with paclitaxel and Wnt/β-catenin or Akt inhibitors improve the apoptotic response to paclitaxel, even in the absence of PKCδ. Finally, we observe that high Gleason score prostate tumors lose PKCδ expression and this correlates with higher activation of β-catenin, inactivation of GSK3β, and higher levels of Aurora kinase A and Mcl-1 proteins. These findings suggest that targeting Wnt/β-catenin or Akt pathways may increase the efficacy of taxane chemotherapy in advanced human prostate cancers that have lost PKCδ expression. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(7); 1713-25. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luz Flores
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carolina Castilla
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jessica Gasca
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael Medina
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Romero
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Miguel A Japón
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain.
| | - Carmen Sáez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain.
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Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinases, which can be further classified into three PKC isozymes subfamilies: conventional or classic, novel or nonclassic, and atypical. PKC isozymes are known to be involved in cell proliferation, survival, invasion, migration, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Because of their key roles in cell signaling, PKC isozymes also have the potential to be promising therapeutic targets for several diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, immune and inflammatory diseases, neurological diseases, metabolic disorders, and multiple types of cancer. This review primarily focuses on the activation, mechanism, and function of PKC isozymes during cancer development and progression.
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Inhibition of protein kinase C α/βII and activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase mediate glycyrrhetinic acid induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H460 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:1188-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Qabaja A, Alshalalfa M, Alanazi E, Alhajj R. Prediction of novel drug indications using network driven biological data prioritization and integration. J Cheminform 2014; 6:1. [PMID: 24397863 PMCID: PMC3896815 DOI: 10.1186/1758-2946-6-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the rapid development of high-throughput genomic technologies and the accumulation of genome-wide datasets for gene expression profiling and biological networks, the impact of diseases and drugs on gene expression can be comprehensively characterized. Drug repositioning offers the possibility of reduced risks in the drug discovery process, thus it is an essential step in drug development. Results Computational prediction of drug-disease interactions using gene expression profiling datasets and biological networks is a new direction in drug repositioning that has gained increasing interest. We developed a computational framework to build disease-drug networks using drug- and disease-specific subnetworks. The framework incorporates protein networks to refine drug and disease associated genes and prioritize genes in disease and drug specific networks. For each drug and disease we built multiple networks using gene expression profiling and text mining. Finally a logistic regression model was used to build functional associations between drugs and diseases. Conclusions We found that representing drugs and diseases by genes with high centrality degree in gene networks is the most promising representation of drug or disease subnetworks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Alshalalfa
- Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Fang L, Cheng Q, Bai J, Qi YD, Liu JJ, Li LT, Zheng JN. An oncolytic adenovirus expressing interleukin-24 enhances antitumor activities in combination with paclitaxel in breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:1416-24. [PMID: 24042845 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses are a novel class of anticancer treatment, based upon their ability to replicate selectively within malignant cells resulting in cell lysis. The replication‑selective adenovirus, ZD55‑IL‑24, was constructed by harboring an E1B‑55 kDa deletion and arming with interleukin-24 (IL-24). The microtubule‑stabilizing drug paclitaxel (PTX) exhibits activity in relapsed cancer. In the present study, the synergistic antitumor effects of the combination of PTX and ZD55‑IL‑24 on breast cancer cells was investigated. The results demonstrated that there were different roles for PTX in the expression of transgenic mRNA and protein. ZD55‑IL‑24 combined with PTX induced marked growth inhibition of MDA‑MB‑231 and Bcap‑37 cells. PTX increased viral uptake and appeared not to alter the replication of ZD55‑IL‑24 in breast cancer cells. Annexin V‑fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining and the Hoechst 33258 assay indicated that ZD55‑IL‑24 induced an increase in the number of apoptotic cells when administered in combination with PTX. It was demonstrated that ZD55‑IL‑24 conjugated with PTX was highly concomitant, and increased proapoptotic proteins levels, activated caspase‑3, -7 and -9 and downregulated anti‑apoptotic proteins. These results suggested that ZD55‑IL‑24 in combination with PTX exhibited a markedly increased cytotoxic and apoptosis‑inducing effect in breast cancer cells. Thus, this chemo‑gene‑viro therapeutic strategy was demonstrated to be superior to conventional chemotherapy or gene‑viro therapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
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Schabath MB, Giuliano AR, Thompson ZJ, Amankwah EK, Gray JE, Fenstermacher DA, Jonathan KA, Beg AA, Haura EB. TNFRSF10B polymorphisms and haplotypes associated with increased risk of death in non-small cell lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:2525-30. [PMID: 23839018 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently, there are few validated biomarkers that can predict survival or treatment response for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and most are based on tumor markers. Biomarkers based on germ line DNA variations represent a valuable complementary strategy, which could have translational implications by subclassifying patients to tailored, patient-specific treatment. We analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 53 inflammation-related genes among 651 NSCLC patients. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, adjusted for lung cancer prognostic factors, were used to assess the association of genotypes and haplotypes with overall survival. Four of the top 15 SNPs associated with survival were located in the TNF-receptor superfamily member 10b (TNFRSF10B) gene. The T-allele of the top ranked SNP (rs11785599) was associated with a 41% increased risk of death (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16-1.70) and the other three TNFRSF10B SNPs (rs1047275, rs4460370 and rs883429) exhibited a 35% (95% CI = 1.11-1.65), 29% (95% CI = 1.06-1.57) and 24% (95% CI = 0.99-1.54) increased risk of death, respectively. Haplotype analyses revealed that the most common risk haplotype (TCTT) was associated with a 78% (95% CI = 1.25-2.54) increased risk of death compared with the low-risk haplotype (CGCC). When the data were stratified by treatment, the risk haplotypes exhibited statistically significantly increased risk of death among patients who had surgery only and no statistically significant effects among patients who had surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. These data suggest that possessing one or more risk alleles in TNFRSF10B is associated with an increased risk of death. Validated germ line biomarkers may have potential important clinical implications by optimizing patient-specific treatment.
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15
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Diagnostic Significance of Overexpression of Golgi Membrane Protein 1 in Prostate Cancer. Urology 2012; 80:952.e1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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