Evaluation of sorghum dried distillers’ grains plus solubles as a replacement of a portion of sorghum grain and soybean meal in growing diets for steers

Changes of the main components, physicochemical properties of distiller's grains after extrusion processing with focus on modification mechanism

Distiller's grains (DGs) possessed great potential utilization value due to their rich active ingredients. However, its utilization efficiency was limited by the large amount of lignocellulose components and water-insoluble proteins. In this work, single screw extrusion was applied to modify physicochemical properties of DGs. Results indicated that extruded distiller's grains (EDGs) exhibited the lower crude fiber content (26.01%), the higher soluble fiber (9.07%) and the smaller particle size when compared with those of Control, and subsequently achieving the increased bulk density, swelling capacity and water/oil holding capacity. The crude protein in EDGs decreased slightly, while the total amount of acid hydrolyzed amino acids showed a significant increase. Additionally, the looser, coarser and fragmentary microstructure of EDGs were observed. The main macromolecules in EDGs had been modified distinctly based on thermal analysis, crystallinity and functional groups analyses, while the possible schematic diagram was conducted to better understand the modification mechanism.